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The document discusses security for data distribution service (DDS) systems. It provides an overview of the status of submissions from Real-Time Innovations and PrismTech to address DDS security requirements. The submissions have been combined and now propose a common security architecture and mechanisms to implement transport security using MIKEY and SRTP standards as well as fine-grained data-centric security at the topic level. Key insider threats to data-centric systems are also discussed.
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Inside TorrentLocker (Cryptolocker) Malware C&C Server Davide Cioccia
CryptoLocker was a ransomware trojan which targeted computers running Microsoft Windows and was first observed by Dell SecureWorks in September 2013. CryptoLocker propagated via infected email attachments, and via an existing botnet; when activated, the malware encrypts certain types of files stored on local and mounted network drives using RSA public-key cryptography, with the private key stored only on the malware's control servers. The malware then displays a message, which offers to decrypt the data if a payment (through either Bitcoin or a pre-paid cash voucher) is made by a stated deadline, and threatened to delete the private key if the deadline passes. If the deadline is not met, the malware offered to decrypt data via an online service provided by the malware's operators, for a significantly higher price in Bitcoin
Explore the new 2014 TorrentLocker and get inside his C&C server
festival ICT 2013: Gli attacchi mirati e la Difesa Personalizzata Trend Microfestival ICT 2016
Trend Micro's Deep Discovery provides a custom defense against advanced threats through network-wide detection, advanced threat analysis, threat intelligence, and custom sandboxes. It identifies threats across multiple vectors, correlating all attack components to proactively block threats at their source. Deep Discovery uses a multi-engine approach to analyze and correlate threats across files, mobile apps, exploit kits, URLs, and other vectors from Trend Micro's Smart Protection Network of over 1 billion threat samples daily.
The document proposes a system called the Rapid Recovery System that uses virtual machine isolation and rollback capabilities to improve computer security and data protection. The goals are to (1) provide attack resistance and rapid recovery, (2) isolate and protect user data from attacks, and (3) provide automatic and user-triggered checkpoints. The system would use virtual machine monitors and appliances with separate network and file system VMs to detect anomalies and roll back to known good states. An evaluation plan is outlined to test performance, functionality, and defenses against common attack categories.
This document provides a router security configuration guide that aims to help network administrators and security officers improve the security of their networks by configuring routers to control access, resist attacks, shield other network components, and protect network traffic integrity and confidentiality, with a focus on implementing these security measures on Cisco routers running Cisco IOS software. The guide covers background topics, security principles and goals, configuration examples, advanced security services, testing approaches, and additional issues.
This PhD proposal outlines a system to provide rapid recovery from attacks and increased resistance to malware, viruses, and system errors. The system uses virtualization techniques to isolate user data, applications, and system components. User data is stored in a file system virtual machine to protect it from corruption. Applications are isolated in separate virtual machine appliances to limit their ability to interfere with other components. A network virtual machine incorporates intrusion detection and firewalls. The proposal discusses the design, implementation, and evaluation of the system to improve both performance and security compared to existing approaches.
The document discusses security for data distribution service (DDS) systems. It provides an overview of the status of submissions from Real-Time Innovations and PrismTech to address DDS security requirements. The submissions have been combined and now propose a common security architecture and mechanisms to implement transport security using MIKEY and SRTP standards as well as fine-grained data-centric security at the topic level. Key insider threats to data-centric systems are also discussed.
This document provides information about computer security and threats. It discusses defining computer security, types of security including hardware, software/data, and network security. It also covers computer threats such as malicious code like viruses, Trojan horses, logic bombs, and worms. Additional threats discussed are hackers, natural disasters, theft, and security measures to protect against these threats like data backup, cryptography, antivirus software, anti-spyware, and firewalls.
Inside TorrentLocker (Cryptolocker) Malware C&C Server Davide Cioccia
CryptoLocker was a ransomware trojan which targeted computers running Microsoft Windows and was first observed by Dell SecureWorks in September 2013. CryptoLocker propagated via infected email attachments, and via an existing botnet; when activated, the malware encrypts certain types of files stored on local and mounted network drives using RSA public-key cryptography, with the private key stored only on the malware's control servers. The malware then displays a message, which offers to decrypt the data if a payment (through either Bitcoin or a pre-paid cash voucher) is made by a stated deadline, and threatened to delete the private key if the deadline passes. If the deadline is not met, the malware offered to decrypt data via an online service provided by the malware's operators, for a significantly higher price in Bitcoin
Explore the new 2014 TorrentLocker and get inside his C&C server
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The document proposes a system called the Rapid Recovery System that uses virtual machine isolation and rollback capabilities to improve computer security and data protection. The goals are to (1) provide attack resistance and rapid recovery, (2) isolate and protect user data from attacks, and (3) provide automatic and user-triggered checkpoints. The system would use virtual machine monitors and appliances with separate network and file system VMs to detect anomalies and roll back to known good states. An evaluation plan is outlined to test performance, functionality, and defenses against common attack categories.
ProxyLogon - MS Exchange Server Vulnerabilities - JS Edited.pptxSecPod
On December 10, 2020, Orange Tsai, a Taiwanese security researcher, discovered a pre-authentication proxy vulnerability (CVE-2021-26855) in Microsoft Exchange Servers that allows a remote actor to bypass authentication and receive admin server privileges.
On March 2, Microsoft released critical security updates for four crucial zero-day vulnerabilities discovered in Exchange Servers. Within one week, at least 30,000 U.S. organizations and hundreds of thousands of organizations worldwide had fallen victim to an automated campaign run by HAFNIUM that provides the attackers with remote control over the affected systems.
In this session of SecPod Labs Intelligence Series, Veerendra GG and Pooja Shetty, will discuss:
1. What is Proxyogon Vulnerability and how can it impact your security
2. What made ProxyLogon so contagious and spread like a wildfire
3. Steps you can take to remediate the risk of being attacked
The Hacker Secret #2: The Dynamite of Next Generation (Y) Attack focus on client-side exploitation with Software bugs, latest windows vulnerabilities, etc...
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Talk of the hour, the wanna crypt ransomwareshubaira
The document discusses the WannaCrypt ransomware attack that occurred in May 2017. It describes how WannaCrypt exploited a Windows vulnerability to spread, encrypted files on infected systems, and demanded ransom payments in Bitcoin. The document provides details on the malware components, infection cycle, indicators of infection, and recommendations for prevention and cleanup of infected systems. It also includes definitions of relevant cybersecurity terminology.
This document discusses vulnerabilities in application frameworks and the importance of monitoring for vulnerabilities in third party libraries and components. It uses the Equifax breach as an example of how vulnerabilities in the Apache Struts framework were exploited to gain access and steal personal data. The document recommends that software developers and IT security teams regularly check all application components for known vulnerabilities and ensure components and libraries are kept up to date with the latest security patches. It also emphasizes the importance of detection mechanisms to identify suspicious activity resulting from exploited vulnerabilities.
The document discusses a system that provides rapid recovery from attacks and increased security for virtual machines using techniques like virtual machine checkpoints, network and file system monitoring to isolate attacks and roll back changes, and defining rules to restrict the behavior of virtual appliances. It proposes a prototype architecture that leverages these techniques and evaluates performance and functionality. The plan of work is to further integrate network and file system monitoring components tightly with the Xen virtual machine monitor and implement a comprehensive set of rules for defining allowed virtual appliance behaviors.
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(Source: RSA USA 2016-San Francisco)
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Stranger Danger: Your Java Attack Surface Just Got Bigger | JBCNConf 2022Brian Vermeer
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The document summarizes various remote and local attacks that can be performed against Microsoft Windows operating systems. It discusses vulnerabilities in Windows services like RPC, SMB, and LSASS that can allow remote code execution. It also covers techniques like token kidnapping that can be used to elevate privileges on Windows systems. The document demonstrates exploits for the MS09-050 SMB vulnerability and KiTrap0d local kernel exploit. It warns that applications like Internet Explorer and Office macros can also be weaponized to attack Windows machines. Throughout it emphasizes that Windows OSes are prone to security issues.
Safe never sleep - a peak into the IT underworld. Security briefing from McAfee and Global Micro - Microsoft Hosting Partner of the Year 2010 and 2011. Presentation by Christo Van Staden www.globalmicro.co.za. Follow me on twitter @jjrmilner
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The document provides a detailed technical analysis of the Duqu 2.0 malware. It describes how the malware initially infects systems through spear-phishing emails containing exploits. It then uses lateral movement techniques like pass-the-hash and Windows Installer packages to spread within networks. The packages contain encrypted payloads that load additional modules when decrypted to perform functions like information harvesting. Analysis found the malware targeting systems related to nuclear negotiations with Iran and the liberation of Auschwitz.
This document summarizes the evolution of antivirus software from legacy antivirus to next-generation endpoint protection with additional capabilities like EDR and MDR. It traces the history from early viruses in the 1970s and the first antivirus programs in the 1980s. Legacy antivirus focused only on viruses while next-gen solutions added anti-spyware, heuristics, cloud technologies, and protections beyond just the endpoint like web and email. Next-gen also addressed modern attacks like ransomware and fileless malware. EDR provides detection and response capabilities on endpoints while MDR takes this further by having vendors manage detection and response across the network. Despite advances, total security is not possible and next-gen endpoint protection with EDR can
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On December 10, 2020, Orange Tsai, a Taiwanese security researcher, discovered a pre-authentication proxy vulnerability (CVE-2021-26855) in Microsoft Exchange Servers that allows a remote actor to bypass authentication and receive admin server privileges.
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Which are the most dangerous new attack techniques for 2016/2017? How do they work? How can you stop them? What's coming next and how can you prepare? This fast-paced session provides answers from the three people best positioned know: the head of the Internet Storm Center, the top hacker exploits expert/teacher in the U.S., and the top expert on cyberattacks on industrial control systems.
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Throughout the session, participants will discover how this synergy empowers testers to automate repetitive tasks, enhance testing accuracy, and expedite the software testing life cycle. Topics covered include the seamless integration process, practical use cases, and the benefits of harnessing AI-driven automation for UiPath testing initiatives. By attending this webinar, testers, and automation professionals can gain valuable insights into harnessing the power of AI to optimize their test automation workflows within the UiPath ecosystem, ultimately driving efficiency and quality in software development processes.
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into integrating generative AI.
2. Understanding how this integration enhances test automation within the UiPath platform
3. Practical demonstrations
4. Exploration of real-world use cases illustrating the benefits of AI-driven test automation for UiPath
Topics covered:
What is generative AI
Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath integration with generative AI
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Mind map of terminologies used in context of Generative AI
Advanced Persistent Threats: Reality or Myth
1. October 20, 2011
Advanced Persistent Threats –
Myth or Reality?
Rahul Mohandas
Research Manager, McAfee
2. Advanced Persistent Threats Agenda
• Threat Landscape – Past, Present & Future
• Advanced Persistent Threats
– The definition
– Phases
– Threat vectors
– Associated costs
• Recent APT Attacks Demystified
– RSA Hack & Adobe Flash zero-day
– Stuxnet: A step closer to hardware
• Simulating a Real World Attack (DEMO)
The information in this presentation is provided only for educational purposes and for the convenience of McAfee customers. The information contained herein is subject to
2 change without notice, and is provided ―AS IS‖ without guarantee or warranty as to the accuracy or applicability of the information to any specific situation or circumstance.
3. Advanced Persistent Threats
The definition
• Actors – STATE sponsored / activists / members of
organized crime
• Motives – Economic & political gain
• Targets – IP rich organizations
• Goals – Steal sensitive data, monitor communication or
disrupt operations
3 January 2, 2012
4. Advanced Persistent Threats
Phases
Step •
1 Reconnaissance
Step •
2 Establish a backdoor
Step •
3 Steal user credentials
Step •
4 Data exfiltration
Step •
5 Maintain persistence
4 January 2, 2012
6. Advanced Persistent Threats
Associated costs
• APTs are not focusing on costs or revenue.
• 0 day cost ~ $100k
Vulnerability/Exploit Value Source
―Some exploits‖ $200,000 - $250,000 Various Industry Sources
A ―real good‖ exploit over $100,000 Official from SNOsoft research
Vista exploit $50,000 Raimund Genes, Trend Micro
―Weaponized exploit‖ $20,000-$30,000 David Maynor, SecureWorks
• APTs cost
– Stuxnet utilized 4 0-day exploits. If you include the development and weaponized
associated cost, the attack was worth well over half a million dollars.
6 January 2, 2012
9. Advanced Persistent Threats
History of Flash exploits
Detection Description First Reported
CVE-2007-0071 Vulnerability in June 2008
DefineSceneAndFrameLabelData
tag
CVE-2010-1297 Vulnerability in AVM2 New June 2010
Function() vulnerability
CVE-2010- 2884 Vulnerability in ActionScript Virtual September 2010
Machine 2
CVE-2010-3654 Vulnerability in AVM2 MultiName October 2010
button class
CVE-2011-0609 Vulnerability in AVM2 verifier while March 2011
handling branch instructions
CVE-2011-0611 Vulnerability in AVM1 bytecode July 2011
9 January 2, 2012
12. Advanced Persistent Threats
Signature evasion techniques
• Public function loadBytes
(bytes:ByteArray,
context:LoaderContext =
null):void
• Loads from binary data
stored in a ByteArray
object XOR Key
• Bytes:ByteArray — A
ByteArray object. The XOR’ed
contents of the ByteArray Flash
can be any of the file Header
formats supported by the
Loader class: SWF, GIF,
JPEG, or PNG.
12 January 2, 2012
14. Advanced Persistent Threat
Stuxnet - overview
Siemens
PLCs
Nuclear
Enrichment
Centrifuges
Propagation exploits FOUR new,enrichment controllers
Actual Target: delivery online or via USB drive
Initial Specific nuclear unknown vulnerabilities
14 January 2, 2012
15. Advanced Persistent Threat
Stuxnet - under the hood
CVE-2010-
Rootkit MS10-046
2772
Anti-AV
MS10-061
Covert Exploits
Digital MS08-067
Certificate
Stuxnet Worm
MS10-073 MS08-092
Propagation
USB Drives
P2P
Network controller
15 January 2, 2012
16. Advanced Persistent Threat
Stuxnet – working (cont..)
• When the folder is opened in Explorer.exe, the .lnk files exploit the 0-day
vulnerability to silently load the first file ~WTR4141.tmp (a DLL file) into
memory and pass control to it (execute it) in Explorer.exe address space
– Once running, the worm’s rootkit features hide all files names ending in *.lnk and
starting with ~wtr (including the the above files) by hooking the following APIs:
• FindFirstFileW
• FindNextFileW
• FindFirstFileExW
• NtQueryDirectoryFile
• ZwQueryDirectoryFile
• Then it loads the 2nd .tmp file, ~WTR4132.tmp file
(which is a .CPL file)
16 January 2, 2012
17. Advanced Persistent Threat
Stuxnet –MRxCls.sys & MRxNet.sys
0xF8153747BAE8B4AE48837E
E17172151E
• Injects malicious code into existing
processes
(services.exe, svchost.exe, lsass.exe)
• Creates
HKLMSystemCurrentControlSet
ServicesServicesMRxCls registry key
0xCC1DB5360109DE3B857654297
D262CA1
• Monitors system events and activities
(i.e. – new program loading, hides
*.tmp files)
• Creates
HKLMSystemCurrentControlSet
ServicesServicesMRxNet registry key
17 January 2, 2012
18. Stuxnet
Command and Control (C&C/C2)
• Stuxnet attempts to access following C&C servers:
– www.mypremierfutbol.com
– www.todaysfutbol.com
• The data is encrypted and sent:
– http://mypremierfutbol.com/index.php?data=66a96e2888c9bb53f503e334
d5d775e99b7905ac6e541529e2dadd4640fa3f995391d36ff2a7c058a21d6
99d2fb4a875ec1ce7a0f9e7dd11b6bfa1fe5377d602c39621b7f329
• Malware uses RPC protocol for requesting a service from the client
(compromised machine) over the network.
• Following actions may be executed as a response to RPC calls:
– create process, terminate process, read file, write file, delete file, set file
attribute, inject file to a system process
18 January 2, 2012
RSA hacked in March 2011 using a Adobe Flash vulnerability.CVE2011-0609 discovered as a zero day in March 2011.The carrier Flash file was embedded inside the Excel file.Upon executing the excel file with a vulnerable version of flash player the exploit is triggered It loads shellcode inside memory, performs heap-spraying, and loads a Flash byte stream from memory to exploit the vulnerability.Once the exploit is successful a backdoor (PoisonIvy) is installed on the machine.
Getproperty- Get the named property of the given target.Coerce -Convert a value to the type given by the name argument. This implements the ES4 implicit conversion.
Discovered in July 2010 by VirusBlokAda company in Minsk, BelarusAffecting 14 plants to-date in Iran, Indonesia, India, UK, North America, KoreaTargets Siemens WinCC and SIMATIC Process Control System (PCS7)A user opens a folder that contains the .lnk template files (.pif files also vulnerable)Rootkit drivers signed with valid certificates (Realtek and Jmicron)UPX packed, XOR encoded everywhereOnce loaded, queries Siemens database with known default passwordConnected to C&C servers, sending sensitive dataManipulating the database to control the HMI output and manipulating the PLC’s
Using four 0-day vulnerabilities plus Conficker (MS08-067) *Shortcut icon vulnerability (CVE-2010-2568/MS10-046) – affecting every version of Windows since Windows 2000 (even Win95) (patched Aug. 2)Design flaw in Print Spooler (MS10-061/CVE-2010-2729) (patched on Tues)Two privilege escalations exploits [win32k.sys] (yet to be patched) *
Decrypt the configuration data used by the threatDrop two .sys files and install them as a kernel level rootkitAccess files created by the Siemens Step 7 software packageUpdate itselfDrop more .dll and .dat filesInfect removable drives with custom .lnk filesInject into the lsass.exe process and execute custom codeInject into the iexplore.exe processCheck if certain antivirus applications are runningScan the network for serversRemove itselfCommunicate with the C&C server