The document discusses adjective clauses, also known as relative clauses, which provide additional information about nouns and begin with relative pronouns such as who, that, and which. It differentiates between identifying adjective clauses, which are essential and do not use commas, and non-identifying clauses, which add extra information and are set off by commas. The document also outlines rules for referring to people and things, the use of relative pronouns, and the omission of pronouns in certain contexts.

1. Adjective clauses
Lic. Cristina Morocho

2. • Also called relative clauses → identify or add
information about nouns.
• Directly follows the noun it refers to.
• It often begins with a relative pronoun: who,
that, which, whose, where, or when.
Loja, which is the most expensive city in Ecuador,
is a beautiful place.

3. Identifying adjective clauses Non-identifying adj. clauses
• Give essential information • Give extra information
about the noun. about the noun.
• No commas surround them. • It is set off in the sentence
• Without them, the sentence by commas.
will not have sense. • Can be omitted, the
sentence sill have sense.
Sting is the person who helped The rainforest Foundation,
establish the Rainforest which was founded in 1989,
Foundation. is working to protect forests
around the world.

4. • To refer to people, use who or that as the
subjects of verbs in adjective clauses.
Luis, who is very smart, designed a new
application for cellphones.
• To refer to things, use which or that.
Jipiro, which is a beautiful park, receives lots of
people on holidays.
• That cannot be used in a nonidentifying
adjective clause or after a preposition.

5. • Use whose to introduce an adjective clause
that indicates possession.
• Whose cannot be omitted.
Ken is the man whose wife we met.

6. • Do not use a double subject in an adjective
clause.
Math is the subject which it is the easiest for
me.
Math is the subject which is the easiest for me.
• You can omit the relative pronoun only in
identifying adjective clauses.
The girl (that) you met on Sunday is Mary.

7. Thank you!