1.
POTT’S SPINE
RATHEESH R L

2.
DEFINITION
• Pott disease or Pott's disease is a form
of tuberculosis that occurs outside the lungs
whereby disease is seen in the vertebrae

3.
CAUSES
• Tuberculosis begins in the lungs when you
inhale air that contains Mycobacterium
tuberculosis (Mtb), or the bacteria that causes
TB.
• This can develop into Pott's Disease if the
infection spreads from the lungs to the spine.

4.
• TB infects the joints of the spine, causing a
form of spinal arthritis. If two contiguous
joints become infected, the disc of cartilage
between them cannot receive the nutrients it
needs to live.

5.
• The disc dies and collapses, leading to a
narrowing of the vertebrae, eventual vertebral
collapse and spinal cord damage.
• If untreated, spinal TB can lead to severe
deformities, nerve damage and even paralysis.

6.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
• Early signs of spine tuberculosis are fever,
night sweats and weight loss.
• Severe back pain is the most common
indication that the TB has spread to the spine.
• As the disease worsens, patients will have
difficulty standing.
• They also develop walking difficulty,
unyielding posture and can have a swelling at
the site of the infection that is associated with
numbness or weakness in the legs.

7.
• If left untreated, Pott's Disease can lead to
severe curvature of the spine and paralysis of
the legs.

8.
DIAGNOSIS
• History collection
• Physical examination
• Blood studies
• X Ray
• CT Scan
• MRI Scan

9.
MANAGEMENT
• Before the advent of effective antituberculosis
chemotherapy, Pott disease was treated with
immobilization using prolonged bed rest or a
body cast. At the time, the disease carried a
mortality rate of 20%, and relapse was
common (30%).

10.
Devices
• Despite questionable efficacy, prolonged
recumbence and the use of frames, plaster
beds, plaster jackets, and braces are still used.
• Cast or brace immobilization was a traditional
form of treatment but has generally been
discarded.
• Patients with Pott disease should be treated
with external bracing

11.
PAGETS DISEASE

12.
• a chronic disease of elderly people
characterized by alteration of bone tissue,
especially in the spine, skull, or pelvis,
sometimes causing severe pain.
• Paget's disease of bone interferes with body's
normal recycling process, in which new bone
tissue gradually replaces old bone tissue.

13.
Causes
• The cause of Paget's disease of bone is
unknown. Scientists suspect a combination of
environmental and genetic factors contribute
to the disease. Several genes appear to be
linked to getting the disease.

14.
RISK FACTORS
• Age. People older than 40 are most likely to
develop Paget's disease of bone.
• Sex. Men are more commonly affected than
are women.
• National origin. Paget's disease of bone is
more common in England, Scotland, central
Europe and Greece — as well as countries
settled by European immigrants. It's
uncommon inAsia.
• Family history. If you have a close relative who
has Paget's disease of bone, you're more likely
to develop the condition.

15.
Symptoms
• Most people who have Paget's disease of
bone have no symptoms. When symptoms
occur, the most common complaint is bone
pain.
• The disease might affect only one or two areas
of the body or might be widespread.
• The signs and symptoms, if any, will depend
on the affected part of the body.

16.
• Pelvis. Paget's disease of bone in the pelvis
can cause hip pain.
• Skull. An overgrowth of bone in the skull can
cause hearing loss or headaches.
• Spine. If your spine is affected, nerve roots
can become compressed. This can cause pain,
tingling and numbness in an arm or leg.

17.
• Leg. As the bones weaken, they may bend —
causing to become bowlegged. Enlarged and
misshapen bones in legs can put extra stress
on nearby joints, which may cause
osteoarthritis in knee or hip.

18.
DIAGNOSIS
• History collection
• During the physical exam, doctor will examine
areas of body that are causing pain.
• X-rays. The first indication of Paget's disease of
bone is often abnormalities found on X-rays done
for other reasons. X-ray images of bones can show
areas of bone reabsorption, enlargement of the
bone and deformities that are characteristic of
Paget's disease of bone, such as bowing of your
long bones.

19.
• Bone scan.
In a bone scan, radioactive
material is injected into body. This material
travels to the spots on bones most affected by
Paget's disease of bone, so they light up on the
scan images

20.
TREATMENT
• If the don't have symptoms, might not need
treatment. However, if the disease is active
and is affecting high-risk sites in the body,
such as skull or spine, doctor might
recommend treatment to prevent
complications.

21.
Medications
• Osteoporosis drugs (bisphosphonates) are the
most common treatment for Paget's disease
of bone. Some bisphosphonates are taken by
mouth, while others are given by injection.
– Alendronate (Fosamax)
– Ibandronate (Boniva)
– Pamidronate (Aredia)
– Risedronate (Actonel)

22.
Surgery
• In rare cases, surgery might be required to:
– Help fractures heal
– Replace joints damaged by severe arthritis
– Realign deformed bones
– Reduce pressure on nerves