Documento de ISSF en inglés sobre los datos del acero inoxidable. publicado en 2013

1. Stainless Steel
in Figures
2013

2. Stainless Steel in Figures 2013 Page 2
Disclaimer
The Interna onal Stainless Steel Forum
believes that the informa on presented is
technically correct. However, ISSF does not
represent or warrant the accuracy of the
informa on contained in this document
or its suitability for any general or specific
use. The material contained herein is by
necessity general in nature; it should not
be used or relied upon for any specific or
general applica on without first obtaining
competent advice. ISSF, its members, staff
and consultants specifically disclaim any
and all liability or responsibility of any kind
for loss, damage, or injury resul ng from
the use of the informa on contained in
this brochure.For more informa on about the ac vi es
of ISSF, or the sta s cs in this booklet,
please contact:
Secretary General, ISSF
Rue Colonel Bourg 120
B-1140 Brussels, Belgium
T: +32 (0)2 702 89 16
F: +32 (0)2 702 89 12
E: info@issf.org
Website
More informa on about the work of ISSF
can be found at worldstainless.org.
Extranet
Members can access the worldstainless
Extranet at:
h p://extranet.worldstainless.org
Please note: you must have a valid user ID
and password to access this site.
For more informa on about the
worldstainless Extranet, please contact
Jo Claes (claes@issf.org).
Unless otherwise indicated, all data in
this booklet has been provided by the
Interna onal Stainless Steel Forum (ISSF).
Data has also been provided by:
1 Interna onal Monetary Fund (IMF)
2 Yale University: School of Forestry
and Environmental Studies
(Reck et al.)
3 Vale Inco
Data Sources
Further Information

3. Page 3Stainless Steel in Figures 2013
Table of Contents
Secretary General’s Message .......................................................... 4
Sec on 1: History and Compe on
Compound annual growth rate of world stainless crude steel produc on........... 5
Regional share of stainless steel produc on (2005 versus 2012) ......................... 5
Stainless steel versus plas cs - produc on evolu on (1980 - 2011) .................... 6
Compound annual growth rate of major metals (1980 - 2012) ............................ 6
Sec on 2: Actual Performance
Stainless crude steel produc on (2006 - 2012p) .................................................. 7
Stainless crude steel produc on by quarter (2011 and 2012p)............................ 8
Stainless steel foreign trade (2011 and 2012) ....................................................... 9
Foreign trade exports of stainless steel (2011 and 2012).................................... 10
Foreign trade exports of stainless steel scrap (2011 and 2012)........................... 11
Apparent stainless steel use by region (2000 - 2012p)....................................... 12
Stainless crude steel produc on by region (2001 - 2012p)................................. 12
Stainless crude steel produc on by grade category (2001 - 2012p)................... 13
Global stainless crude steel produc on by quarter (2001 - 2012p).................... 13
Sec on 3: Poten al
Demand versus real stainless steel use - Europe (Q1 2002 - Q4 2012) ...........................14
Demand versus real stainless steel use - Americas (Q1 2002 - Q4 2012)........................14
Demand versus real stainless steel use - Asia, excluding China (Q1 2002 - Q4 2012)....15
Demand versus real stainless steel use - China (Q1 2002 - Q4 2012)..............................15
Demand versus real stainless steel use - World (Q1 2002 - Q4 2012) ............................16
Per-capita direct and indirect use of stainless steel (2000, 2005, 2010) ............. 16
Per-capita direct and indirect use of stainless steel (2005 and 2010) ................. 17
GDP PPP per capita versus stainless steel use per capita (2005 and 2010) ......... 18
Comparison of direct versus total stainless steel use (2005 and 2010)............... 19

4. Stainless Steel in Figures 2013 Page 4
Secretary General’s Message
Following the successful introduc on of
Stainless Steel in Figures last year and
Pascal’s indica on that we would con nue
to up-date the brochure on a regular basis,
I am pleased to introduce the second
edi on.
There were several key factors behind the
original decision, made in Pi sburgh in
1996, to establish an interna onal forum
to represent the interests of the stainless
steel industry. One key goal of establishing
ISSF was to enable the industry to build
its own reliable sta s cal database. With
regular updates and consistent repor ng
standards, members would be able to use
this data for their own decision making
purposes. We have achieved a lot in our
first 17 years and we plan to build on
these achievements in the years ahead.
As we said last year, if you have any
comments, sugges ons, or even cri cisms,
please let us know. Your feedback will
enable us to make further improvements
in future edi ons.
This will be the last edi on of Stainless
Steel in Figures which will be prepared by
Peter Kaumanns as he will re re at the
end of this year. I would like to take this
opportunity to pay a special tribute to
Peter. His reless work collec ng, building,
analysing and presen ng a myriad of
sta s cal data and forecas ng models
has provided a backbone for the progress
the stainless industry has made so far.
There will be other opportuni es this year
to say an appropriate farewell to Peter,
but I wanted to dedicate this edi on of
Stainless Steel in Figures to his important
contribu on to our industry.
John Rowe
Secretary General,
Interna onal Stainless Steel Forum (ISSF)
Brussels, May 2013

5. Page 5Stainless Steel in Figures 2013
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
First oil crisis
Second oil crisis
First Gulf war
Asian crises
2001 recession
World
crisis
1 Mt
35.4 Mt
(2012)
1950 2012p
Compound annual growth
Figure 1: Compound annual growth rate of world stainless crude steel
produc on (in Mt): 1950 – 2012p
Figure 2: Regional share of stainless steel produc on: 2005 (le ) and 2012p (right)
34%
11%13%
39%
3%
ChinaOther Asia
(excluding China)
21%
7%
45%
25%
2%
EU-27 Rest of worldAmericas
Section 1: History and Competition

6. Stainless Steel in Figures 2013 Page 6
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Stainless steel
Index: 1990 = 100
33.6 Mt
(2011)
1980 2011
6.9 Mt
Figure 3: Stainless steel produc on versus plas cs produc on: 1980 – 2011. The produc on
evolu on of both materials is similar, though stainless steel is more vola le.
Lead
Carbon steel
Stainless steel
Aluminium
Zinc
Copper
2.29%
2.48%
2.56%
3.52%
5.57%
2.61%
Average: 2.69%
Figure 4: Compound annual growth rate of major metals (%/year): 1980 - 2012
Section 1: History and Competition

7. Page 7Stainless Steel in Figures 2013
Table 1: Stainless crude steel produc on (ingot/slab equivalent) in ‘000 metric tonnes:
2006 – 2012p
p = provisional, r = revised
Note: Major correc on of Chinese data for 2011, not comparable
with previous years.
Country/Region 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011r 2012p
Belgium 1,522 1,521 1,471 1,045 1,306 1,241 1,241
Finland 1,303 975 957 726 998 1,003 1,078
France 529 308 297 202 276 300 285
Germany 1,724 1,505 1,574 1,320 1,509 1,502 1,313
Italy 1,832 1,558 1,471 1,216 1,583 1,602 1,696
Spain 1,257 1,105 998 693 844 807 844
Sweden 684 645 574 445 546 586 510
United Kingdom 375 351 340 224 279 330 294
Other EU 152 148 158 114 152 188 195
European Union 9,379 8,115 7,838 5,986 7,494 7,559 7,455
USA 2,460 2,171 1,925 1,617 2,201 2,074 1,977
Brazil 491 433 390 324 409 413 391
Americas 2,951 2,604 2,315 1,942 2,609 2,486 2,368
Japan 4,073 3,882 3,567 2,607 3,427 3,247 3,166
South Korea 2,278 1,942 1,660 1,677 2,048 2,157 2,167
Taiwan, China 1,724 1,515 1,297 1,468 1,514 1,203 1,109
China 5,299 7,206 6,943 8,805 11,256 14,091 16,087
India 2,006 1,966 1,832 1,721 2,022 2,163 2,279
Asia 15,380 16,510 15,299 16,277 20,267 22,861 24,807
South Africa 727 651 528 546 480 443 503
Russia 131 143 135 86 122 125 112
Ukraine 138 124 104 67 118 147 118
World 28,706 28,146 26,218 24,904 31,090 33,621 35,363
Section 2: Actual Performance

8. Stainless Steel in Figures 2013 Page 8
Western
Europe/
Africa
Central&
Eastern
Europe
The
Americas
Asia
(excluding
China)
China
World
Quarter 1
2011 2,218 89 779 2,238 3,412 8,736
2012 p 2,211 87 607 2,226 3,790 8,922
% change -0.3 -2.6 -22.0 -0.6 11.1 2.1
Quarter 2
2011 2,082 114 598 2,134 3,510 8,438
2012 p 2,065 98 613 2,236 4,006 9,017
% change -0.9 -14.1 2.5 4.8 14.1 6.9
First half
2011 4,300 203 1,377 4,373 6,922 17,174
2012 p 4,276 184 1,220 4,462 7,796 17,939
% change -0.6 -9.0 -11.3 2.0 12.6 4.5
Quarter 3
2011 1,684 104 553 2,220 3,535 8,097
2012 p 1,756 90 603 2,118 4,015 8,582
% change 4.2 -13.7 9.1 -4.6 13.6 6.0
Quarter 4
2011 1,899 84 557 2,177 3,634 8,351
2012 p 1,798 85 545 2,140 4,275 8,843
% change -5.3 0.7 -2.2 -1.7 17.6 5.9
Second half
2011 3,583 188 1,110 4,397 7,169 16,448
2012 p 3,553 175 1,148 4,258 8,291 17,424
% change -0.8 -7.3 3.4 -3.2 15.6 5.9
2011 7,883 391 2,486 8,770 14,091 33,621
Full year 2012 p 7,829 359 2,368 8,720 16,087 35,363
% change -0.7 -8.2 -4.7 -0.6 14.2 5.2
Table 2: Stainless crude steel produc on by quarter in ‘000 metric tonnes:
2011 versus 2012p
Section 2: Actual Performance

9. Page 9Stainless Steel in Figures 2013
Figure5: Stainlesssteelforeigntrade2011(above)and2012(below).In2011,79%ofallstainless
exportswereflatrolledproducts.In2012,thesharewas81%.
Cold flat
46.4% Hot coils
23.3%
Cold bars/wire
7.9%
Semis flat 1.6%
Hot bars/wire rod
10.5%
Semis long 2.5%
Hot plate and sheet 7.8%
Cold flat
47.0%
Hot coils
25.4%
Cold bars/wire
7.6%
Semis flat 1.4%
Hot bars/wire rod
8.4%
Semis long 3.0%
Hot plate and sheet 7.2%

10. Stainless Steel in Figures 2013 Page 10
Origin
Des na on
NAFTA
Lan
America
Western
Europe
Eastern
Europe
Middle
East
Africa
Asia
Others
Total
NAFTA 366.5 80.0 141.6 1.1 3.9 1.3 99.8 0.8 695.1
La n
America
21.3 61.6 17.1 0.5 1.9 4.2 13.8 0.1 120.4
Western
Europe
726.5 73.7 5,478.4 723.7 78.7 66.9 568.1 33.0 7,749.0
Eastern
Europe
14.2 0.9 201.3 131.7 0.7 1.4 6.6 0.0 356.8
MiddleEast 3.6 0.5 21.3 2.0 67.4 0.0 7.8 0.5 103.2
Africa 40.1 22.4 85.0 4.3 16.4 6.4 74.1 0.1 248.8
Asia 389.7 152.5 965.5 189.1 200.1 77.3 4,401.1 94.7 6,469.9
Others 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.7 0.9 2.0
Total 1,562.1 391.7 6,910.4 1,052.5 369.1 157.5 5,171.9 130.1 15,745.2
Origin
Des na on
NAFTA
Lan
America
Western
Europe
Eastern
Europe
Middle
East
Africa
Asia
Others
Total
NAFTA 427.5 79.8 148.8 1.5 2.8 1.5 82.8 1.1 745.6
La n
America
37.6 57.7 8.1 0.3 1.5 3.3 10.8 0.1 119.3
Western
Europe
846.3 87.3 5,278.3 698.8 63.8 82.7 510.3 22.8 7,590.3
Eastern
Europe
13.7 0.8 201.1 156.6 2.7 0.7 6.2 0.0 381.9
Middle
East*
4.3 0.3 6.3 0.3 n/a 0.0 7.1 0.4 18.6
Africa 36.6 40.5 88.9 8.2 16.9 6.5 91.9 1.1 290.07
Asia 395.4 155.0 849.0 204.5 145.4 73.4 4,292.5 76.5 6,191.6
Others 0.1 0.0 0.2 - 0.0 0.3 1.0 1.1 2.6
Total 1,761.4 421.3 6,580.7 1,070.1 233.1 168.5 5,002.5 103.1 15,340.6
Table 3: Foreign trade exports of stainless steel in 2011 (above) and 2012 (below).
(1,000 metric tonnes.) Includes feedstock material for further processing.
Note: *Imports from that region
Section 2: Actual Performance

11. Page 11Stainless Steel in Figures 2013
Origin
Des na on
NAFTA
Lan
America
Western
Europe
Eastern
Europe
Middle
East
Africa
Asia
Others
Total
NAFTA 156.9 1.0 162.2 0.1 0.4 0.1 569.1 0.8 890.5
La n
America
0.6 - 37.4 - - - 14.2 - 52.2
Western
Europe
1.6 0.2 2,138.9 97.4 6.4 0.7 517.4 0.0 2,762.7
Eastern
Europe
0.0 0.1 396.8 70.8 0.0 - 28.0 0.1 495.7
MiddleEast 0.4 - 47.7 - 1.2 0.8 39.3 - 89.4
Africa 0.3 - 18.9 - 1.5 1.1 23.6 - 45.3
Asia 4.8 0.0 35.1 - 0.3 - 592.6 0.2 633.1
Others 0.0 - 6.4 - 0.1 - 44.6 0.0 51.2
Total 164.6 1.3 2,843.3 168.3 9.9 2.7 1,828.9 1.1 5,020.1
Origin
Des na on
NAFTA
Lan
America
Western
Europe
Eastern
Europe
Middle
East
Africa
Asia
Others
Total
NAFTA 168.5 1.2 206.5 0.0 0.2 0.1 574.0 0.2 950.6
La n
America
0.2 0.0 49.4 - 0.0 - 13.2 - 62.8
Western
Europe
3.3 0.6 2,256.3 112.9 5.7 0.2 471.1 0.0 2,850.1
Eastern
Europe
- 1.3 423.9 58.7 0.0 - 18.4 - 502.3
Middle
East*
0.1 - 31.0 - - - 56.5 - 87.6
Africa* 0.0 - 29.5 - - - 33.2 - 62.6
Asia 1.1 0.0 14.0 - 0.5 0.0 563.1 0.0 578.7
Others - - 10.3 0.0 - - 35.9 0.0 46.2
Total 173.2 3.1 3,020.8 171.7 6.5 0.3 1,765.1 0.3 5,140.9
Table 4: Foreign trade exports for stainless steel scrap in 2011 (above) and
2012 (below). (1,000 metric tonnes.)
Note: *Imports from that region

12. Stainless Steel in Figures 2013 Page 12
Figure 6: Apparent stainless steel use by region: 2000 - 2012p
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2007 2008 2009 20102006
Western Europe Central/Eastern Europe Americas Asia (excl. China) China Others
2011 2012 p
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011*2007
Western Europe/Africa Central/Eastern Europe Americas Asia (excl. China) China
19,187
24,546
28,146
26,218
24,904
20,690
22,840
24,570
28,706
31,094
33,621
-1.0% -0.1% -2.0% -6.8% -5.0%+7.8% +10.4% +7.6% +16.9% +24.9% N/A
2012p
35,363
+5.2%
Figure 7: Stainless crude steel produc on by region: 2001 - 2012p (in ‘000 metric tonnes)
Section 2: Actual Performance
*MajorcorreconofChinesedatafor2011,not
comparablewithpreviousyears.

13. Page 13Stainless Steel in Figures 2013
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011*2007
CrNi grades (300 series)CrMn grades (200 series) Cr grades (400 series) Other/not known
22.1
22.0
23.0
22.8
29.9
25.0
23.0
24.5
28.1
27.9
27.8
71.3
70.6
65.5
64.7
55.2
53.2
70.6
62.3
56.9
57.4
56.5
5.7
6.5
9.4
10.4
13.4
20.4
5.5
10.9
12.5
13.6
13.2
2012p
26.954.317.4
24.4
25.5
24.1
26.0
51.5
57.4
49.9
54.7
23.0
15.6
24.5
17.8
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
2012p
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
10,000
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 2012p2007
Quarter 1 Quarter 2 Quarter 3 Quarter 4
2011*
Figure 9: Global stainless crude steel produc on by quarter (in ‘000 metric tonnes)
*MajorcorreconofChinesedatafor2011and2012.Not
fullycomparablewithpreviousyears(especiallyCrMngrades).f
*MajorcorreconofChinesedatafor2011,not
comparablewithpreviousyears.

14. Stainless Steel in Figures 2013 Page 14
Section 3: Potential
Stainless Steel Demand Index
Index: 2005 = 100
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
Real Stainless Steel Use
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
Figure 10: Stainless steel demand versus real stainless steel use - Europe (Q1 2002 to Q4 2012p)
Figure 11: Stainless steel demand versus real stainless steel use - The Americas
(Q1 2002 to Q4 2012p)
Stainless Steel Demand Index
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
Real Stainless Steel Use
Index: 2005 = 100
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
Realstainlesssteeluse:portionofapparentstainlesssteeluse
whichisreallyusedtoproducegoodscontainingstainlesssteel.
Where demand exceeds use, subs tu on of
stainless steel by other materials may be occurring.

15. Page 15Stainless Steel in Figures 2013
Figure 12: Stainless steel demand versus real stainless steel use - Asia, excluding China
(Q1 2002 to Q4 2012p)
Figure 13: Stainless steel demand versus real stainless steel use - China (Q1 2002 to Q4 2012p)
Stainless Steel Demand Index
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
Real Stainless Steel Use
Index: 2005 = 100
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
Stainless Steel Demand Index
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
Real Stainless Steel Use
Index: 2005 = 100
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
Stainless Steel Demand Index:
aggregated produc on index
weighted by main stainless-using
industrial sectors, and by market size.

16. Stainless Steel in Figures 2013 Page 16
Figure 14: Stainless steel demand versus real stainless steel use - World (Q1 2002 to Q4 2012p)
Stainless Steel Demand Index
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
Real Stainless Steel Use
Index: 2005 = 100
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
Section 3: PotentialTaiw
an,China
Korea
Japan
ItalySw
edenGerm
any
Spain
USAAustraliaUnited
Kingdom
France
Thailand
South
Africa
ChinaTurkeyRussiaM
exicoBrazil
Indonesia
India
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
2000
2005
2010
Figure 15: Comparison of per-capita direct and indirect use of stainless steel - selected
countries - 2000, 2005 and 2010 (kilograms/capita). Source: IMF, Yale.

17. Page 17Stainless Steel in Figures 2013
Figure 16: Per-capita direct and indirect use of stainless steel (kilograms/capita) for selected
countries - 2005 (above) and 2010 (below). Source: IMF, Yale.
Taiw
an,China
Korea
Japan
ItalySw
edenGerm
any
Spain
USAAustraliaUnited
Kingdom
France
Thailand
South
Africa
ChinaTurkeyRussiaM
exicoBrazil
Indonesia
India
0
5
10
15
20
25
Taiw
an,China
Korea
Japan
ItalySw
edenGerm
any
Spain
USAAustralia
United
Kingdom
France
Thailand
South
Africa
China
TurkeyRussia
M
exico
Brazil
Indonesia
India
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35

18. Stainless Steel in Figures 2013 Page 18
0 5 10 15 20 25
US$5,000
US$10,000
US$15,000
US$20,000
US$25,000
US$30,000
US$35,000
US$40,000
US$45,000
Taiwan, China
Germany
United Kingdom
Thailand
Spain
Korea
Mexico
China
India
Australia
Italy
Indonesia
France
Sweden
Turkey
USA
Japan
South Africa
Brazil
Russia
kg/capita
GDP/capita
2005 (above) and 2010 (below). Source: IMF, Yale.
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
US$5,000
US$10,000
US$15,000
US$20,000
US$25,000
US$30,000
US$35,000
US$40,000
US$45,000
US$50,000
Taiwan, ChinaGermanyUnited
Kingdom
Thailand
Spain Korea
Mexico
China
India
Australia
Italy
Indonesia
France
Sweden
Turkey
USA
Japan
South Africa
Brazil
Russia
kg/capita
GDP/capita
Section 3: Potential

19. Page 19Stainless Steel in Figures 2013
Taiw
an,China
Korea
Japan
Italy
Germ
any
South
Africa
USA
United
Kingdom
France
Spain
China
Russia
M
exico
Brazil
India
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Direct use
Total use
kg/capita
(plustradebalanceofstainlesscontaininggoods)in2005(above)and2010(below).
Source:IMF,Yale,ValeInco.
Taiw
an,China
Korea
Japan
Italy
Germ
any
South
Africa
USA
United
Kingdom
France
Spain
China
Russia
M
exico
Brazil
India
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Direct use
Total use
kg/capita

20. www.worldstainless.org