Accessibility is important for three main reasons: (1) It is the right thing to do to provide equal access to information and functionality for all users, including those with disabilities, (2) It is required by law, such as Section 508 which mandates accessibility of electronic resources for U.S. federal agencies, and (3) It benefits all users by creating easier to use, more intuitive interfaces and reaching a wider audience. The document discusses what accessibility means, why it is important, examples of disabilities and assistive technologies, principles of accessibility like making content perceivable, operable, understandable and robust, common accessibility problems to avoid, and resources for testing and learning more.

1. Accessibility Importance
Krishna Vutla

2. Agenda
 What is Accessibility?
 Why is accessibility important?
 Section 508
 Advantages
 Screen Readers
 Accessibility Testing
 Accessibility Principles
 General Accessibility Problems

3. What is Accessibility?
Accessibility is a general term used to describe the degree
to which a system is usable by as many people as possible.
Making the content of a application/web available to everyone,
including those with disabilities of various orders.
 Providing equal access to everyone
 Providing equal information
 Providing equal functionality to all
Accessibility for All!
http://signsanddisplays.wordpress.com/2011/03/06/disability-access-sign-symbols-for-download/

4. Why is accessibility important?
 Accessibility is the right thing to do
Day-to-day activities, tax forms, social programs
 Accessibility is the law for many institutions
Section 508 of the U.S. Rehabilitation Act
 Accessibility offers benefits for all users
easier to read, easier to navigate, and faster to download
 Accessibility uses innovative technology
Personal Digital Assistance (PDAs)
 Accessibility creates market opportunity
new customers, new markets and widest possible audience

5. Section 508
Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act: It's a law
 Section 508 requires that Federal agencies electronic and information
technology is accessible to people with disabilities
 Millions of U.S. citizens must use assistive technology (AT) in order to read electronic content
 All electronic and information technology used, procured, developed, or maintained
by agencies and departments of the U.S. Government must be accessible to people
with disabilities

6. 1 in 5 people have a disability
According to the U.S. Census brief, Disability Status: 2000
 People with disabilities in the U.S.: 54.4 million
 People in U.S. with disabilities that impede them using the internet: 24 million
 People age 15 and older having difficulty hearing a normal conversation: 8 million
Completely deaf: 1 million
 People age 15 and older having difficulty reading ordinary newsprint (even with glasses): 8 million
Completely blind: 1.8 million

7. Type of Disability Disability Details Assistive Technologies
Visual
Blindness, Low-vision, Color-blindness.
JAWS Screen Magnifier
Hearing
Partial to total deafness
Hearing Device
Physical Impairments
Inability to use a mouse or physical keyboard, slow
response time, limited fine motor control
Larger Keyboard Joystick
Cognitive Impairments
Learning disabilities, distractibility, dyslexia, inability
to remember or focus on large amount of
information
Accessibility Target Users & Assistive Technologies

8. Screen Readers
JAWS Reader
ChromeVox - Free
IOS Voice Over
NVDA (Non Visual Desktop Access) - Free

9. Screen Readers
ChromeVox - Free IOS Voice Over

10. Accessibility Testing
Accessibility Developer Tools - Chrome Audits Chrome Shades

11. Accessibility Testing
http://webaim.org/standards/508/checklist
www.wave.com www.apple.com
https://www.apple.com/in/accessibility/

12. Accessibility Problems
 Compatibility problems with screen enlargements
 Compatibility problems with screen readers
 Compatibility problems with alternate color schemes
 Uses flash and moving images to convey content
 Lack of Alt tags
 Font too small
 Color scheme hard to read
 Pages cluttered, busy and poorly organized
 Insufficient spacing between lines and individual words
 Inconsistent layout
 Navigation elements too small
 Links too small
 Poor use of available space
 Mouse-over menus difficult to use
 Too much scrolling required
 Inconsistencies in navigating elements
 Header text too small
 Problems with printer-friendly version of site

13. Advantages of being a leader…
 Reach new target markets
 Improve the customer experience, helping increase consumer commitment
 Maintain an awareness of changing requirements for accessibility
 Reinforce your public image as a strong, corporate-responsibility leader
Engage with people, awareness…
 Practitioners
 Developers
 ID
 SME
 QA
 Usability specialists
 Policy maker
 People
 Researchers
 Communities
 UX advocates
 Accessibility researchers

14. Four Accessibility Principles (POUR)
• Provide text alternatives for non-text content
• Provide captions and alternatives for audio and video content
• Make content adaptable; and make it available to assistive technologies
• Use sufficient contrast to make things easy to see and hear
Perceivable
• Make all functionality keyboard accessible
• Give users enough time to read and use content
• Do not use content that causes seizures
• Help users navigate and find content
Operable
• Make text readable and understandable
• Make content appear and operate in predictable ways
• Help users avoid and correct mistakes
Understandable
• Functionality Across Current and Future Technologies
• Adhering to W3C standards ensures future compatibility
Robust

15. www.google.com/accessibility
https://mikewest.org/2011/12/transcript-gdd-accessibility-with-chromevox
http://signsanddisplays.wordpress.com/2011/03/06/disability-access-sign-symbols-for-download/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Accessibility_Initiative
http://html5accessibility.com/
http://webaim.org/
References

16. Thank you for your time.