An access control system refers to the practice of restricting entrance to buildings and rooms to authorized individuals only. It uses physical and technological methods like keys, locks, and electronic card readers. Proper access control provides security, event reporting, and flexibility for single doors or multiple entrances. Common principles are confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information. When implementing access control, an organization must determine which subjects can access which objects, and choose appropriate control mechanisms like access control techniques that match their security needs.