NetFlow is a pioneering IP accounting technology invented by Cisco that provides visibility into network traffic. Network-Based Application Recognition (NBAR) is Cisco's technology that analyzes network traffic in real time to identify applications. Together, NetFlow and NBAR provide benefits such as attack mitigation, billing, traffic engineering, and application-level quality of service. They analyze network traffic at different layers, with NetFlow using transport and network layer headers while NBAR performs deep packet inspection.