This document discusses how to write an abstract for a research paper. It identifies the key elements that should be included in an abstract, such as the focus, scope, methodology, results, and implications or conclusions of the study. The elements are illustrated with example text from abstracts. Additionally, the document outlines the different types of abstract structures, including unstructured paragraphs and structured formats like OMRaC and IMRaD that organize the elements under objectives, method, results, and conclusion or introduction, method, results, and discussion sections. The goal is to teach students how to effectively summarize their research in a short yet informative abstract.

1. BULIHAN
RATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Writing an
Abstract
1
WEEK 8
QUARTER 4
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

2. SAMA-SAMA SA PAG SULONG
NG Edu KALDIDAD
BULIHAN
INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
At the end of the lesson, you are
expected to
1. identify the elements of abstract;
2. write a research abstract based on the
findings in your study;
3. appreciate the importance of research in
daily life.
2

3. BULIHAN
RATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Writing a
Research
Abstract
3

4. SAMA-SAMA SA PAG SULONG
NG Edu KALDIDAD
BULIHAN
INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
What an Abstract is?
•An abstract presents a descriptive overview of the
paper. It is a concise presentation or summary of
the paper.
•A well-written abstract serves as an initial invitation
for the readers to read the entire paper.
•The length of an abstract varies; it can range from
200 to 300 words.
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5. SAMA-SAMA SA PAG SULONG
NG Edu KALDIDAD
BULIHAN
INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Elements of an Abstract
•Focus of the paper. It is usually accentuated on in the
opening statement. It states, defines, or describes what
the paper is all about.
This paper initially situates research against the backdrop
of the three-fold function of a higher education
institution which is teaching, research, and community
service. (Ballena, 2010, p. 15)
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6. SAMA-SAMA SA PAG SULONG
NG Edu KALDIDAD
BULIHAN
INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Elements of an Abstract
•Scope of the paper. Your abstract also describes the
scope of your paper. The parameters of your paper
described. This is also expressed in the form of
objective or purpose.
It centered on the students’ level of readiness in locating
and evaluating Internet sources. It also identified the
difficulties encountered by the students in using the
Internet in conducting a research.
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7. SAMA-SAMA SA PAG SULONG
NG Edu KALDIDAD
BULIHAN
INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Elements of an Abstract
•Method used. It should be highlighted in your
abstract is the method that you employed in the
conduct of your research. It highlights what and how
you did your research.
The extent of the early reading was measured through a survey
questionnaire that deals with the parents’ perspectives of the extent of
children’s exposure to different reading materials prior to their enrolment
at day-care centers and a survey questionnaire that measured the day-care
workers’ perspective on the reading performance of the day-care children
using different early reading techniques. (Pareja, 2011. p.23)
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8. SAMA-SAMA SA PAG SULONG
NG Edu KALDIDAD
BULIHAN
INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Elements of an Abstract
•Results of the study. The salient results are
underscored in the abstract. These constitute
the most important answers to your specific
research questions.
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9. SAMA-SAMA SA PAG SULONG
NG Edu KALDIDAD
BULIHAN
INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Elements of an Abstract
The findings of the study revealed that 29 out of 50 language learning
strategies in the SILL were “highly frequently used” by the respondents.
The language learning strategies which received the highest scores were:
(1) trying to find how to be a better learner, (2) trying to find many ways
to use English, (3) watching TV or movies in English, (4) having a clear
goals for improving in English, (5) paying attention to someone speaking
in English, (6) thinking about their progress in learning English, (7)
noticing if they were tense or nervous, (8) looking for similar words in
their own language, (9) using their mistakes to help them do better, and
(10) asking questions in English. No significant difference was found
among the respondents in terms of the language learning strategies that
they used. (Go, 2013, p. 48)
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10. SAMA-SAMA SA PAG SULONG
NG Edu KALDIDAD
BULIHAN
INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Elements of an Abstract
•Implications of these results or main conclusion.
This is the penultimate element of your abstract. At
this juncture, you present the most significant
implication and conclusion of your study.
Finally, the local government officials, schools, and the
church are potent forces in promoting, enhancing, and
preserving the folk literature of the Ibanags. (Ramirez,
2013, p. 16)
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11. BULIHAN
RATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Kinds of
Research
Abstract
11

12. SAMA-SAMA SA PAG SULONG
NG Edu KALDIDAD
BULIHAN
INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Unstructured Abstract
•Paragraph format
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13. SAMA-SAMA SA PAG SULONG
NG Edu KALDIDAD
BULIHAN
INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Structured Abstract
•OMRaC (Objectives, Method, Results, and
Conclusion)
•IMRaD (Introduction, Method, Results, and
Discussion)
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14. SAMA-SAMA SA PAG SULONG
NG Edu KALDIDAD
BULIHAN
INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Structured Abstract 14

15. SAMA-SAMA SA PAG SULONG
NG Edu KALDIDAD
BULIHAN
INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Structured Abstract 15

16. SAMA-SAMA SA PAG SULONG
NG Edu KALDIDAD
BULIHAN
INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Structured Abstract
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