It show how the following can be can be written. 1) Abstract 2) Table of content 3) Approval page or certification page 4) Dedication 5) Acknowledgement

1. i
APPROVAL PAGE
This is to certify that the work in the project report entitled “INSTALLATION OF
INVERTER FOR POWER SUPPLY IN THE LABORATORY” by SAMUEL BARNABAS
IFITUMI (FPI/ND/SLT/13/032), ONATE KENNETH SHALLOM
(FPI/ND/SLT/13/474), ALFA DAVID (FPI/ND/SLT/13/258), OGWU EMMANUEL
(FPI/ND/SLT/12/102), ABUTU VICTOR O. (FPI/ND/SLT/13/273) has been carried out
under my supervision in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of National
Diploma in “Science Laboratory Technology” during 2014-2015 academic session in the
Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Federal Polytechnic Idah, Kogi State and
this work has not been submitted elsewhere for any National Diploma programme.
Mr. Anthony Amodu Date
Head of Department Date
External Supervisor Date
Projectsupervisor

2. ii
DEDICATION
We dedicate this report to God Almighty for the spirit of understanding,
protection and guidance He bestowed on us during the course of the installation of the
inverter for the power supply in the laboratory.
We dedicate it to our Parents and also to our brothers and sister for their
equipollent supports which rank as a catalyst that yielded courage, high esteem with
focus and determination towards achieving the success in the course of the project.

3. iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We are grateful to GOD Almighty for His Mighty hand of power that rested upon
us throughout the course of the project; who has given us the grace and the understanding
we needed to complete the project.
Our gratitude also goes to our supervisor Mr. ANTHONY AMODU for the
supportive corrections and inspirations to bring out the best in us. Also not forgetting to
appreciate our parents and our siblings for their encouragement and support; spiritually,
physically and financially.

4. iv
ABSTRACT
This project is titled the installation of an inverter for power supply in the laboratory. It is
installed to meet up with the power demand in the laboratories in the absence of power
supply from the national supply authority, PHCN. In order words the device / item serves
as a substitute for PHCN which almost monopolizes the power supply to people. It is
designed in such a way that it will take up 24v DC from battery and inverts it to an
output of 220v, 50Hz AC. It makes no noise during operation and no hazardous carbon
monoxide is generated in the surrounding. This is a feature that makes it safe to use any
where when compared to generator. Also, the circuit is capable of charging the battery
(i.e. 24v source) when the power from the supply authority is on. This greatly reduces the
cost of operation of the system.

5. v
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title page
Approval page i
Dedication ii
Acknowledgment iii
Abstract iv
Table of Contents v
List of figures ix
List of Tables x

6. vi
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction 1
1.1 Background of the study 2
1.2 Aim of the study 2
1.3 Specific objectives of the study 3
1.4 Statement of the problem 3
1.5 Scope of the study 3
1.6 Limitation of the study 3
1.7 Significance of the study 4
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review 5
2.1 Classification of inverter 5
2.2 Types of inverter 6
2.2.1 Voltage Source Inverter 7
2.2.1.1 Advantages of PWM 7
2.2.2 Current Source Inverter 8
2.2.3 Resonant Inverter 9

7. vii
2.3 Voltage Source Inverter Type 9
2.4 Present Level of Research and Development 11
2.5 The Basic of the Solar Power System 11
2.6 Lack of Awareness 12
2.7 Technology of Equipment and Fabrication 13
2.8 Component Failure 13
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Materials and Method 14
3.1 Components of an inverter 14
3.2 Parts explanation for DC/AC inverter 15
3.3 Stages in inverter working principles 16
3.3.1 Sourcing Stage 16
3.3.2 Regulatory Stage 16
3.3.3 Oscillatory Stage 17
3.3.4 Driving Stage 17
3.3.5 Transformation Stage 18
3.3.6 Output Stage 18

8. viii
3.3.7 Change-over Stage 19
3.3.8 Battery Charging Stage 19
3.4 Protection Circuits 19
3.5 Block Diagram of an inverter 20
3.6 The complete diagram of an inverter system 21
3.7 Installation of the inverter 21
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Analysis, Testing, Discussion and Result 23
4.1 Load evaluation and power consumption 23
4.2 Choice of components for solar energy power
supply for 1000 Watts loads 24
4.2.1 Solar panels 25
4.2.2 Charging Controllers 25
4.2.3 Battery Capacity 26
4.2.4 Batteries and Batteries sizes of the solar system 26
4.2.5 Inverter 27
4.3 Procurement 27

9. ix
4.4 Determination of installation site 28
4.4.1 Mounting Options 28
4.4.2 Roof Mounts 28
4.5 Installation Procedure 29
4.6 Results 30
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 Conclusion and Recommendation 32
5.1 Conclusion 32
5.2 Recommendation 33
References 34
LIST OF FIGURES
FIG. 2.1 Block diagram of types of inverter 6
FIG. 2.3.1 Block diagram of Voltage Inverter Type 10
FIG. 2.3.2 Graph of voltage against time 11
FIG. 2.5 Block Diagram of system components 12
FIG. 3.5 Block Diagram of an inverter 20
FIG. 3.6 complete Diagram of an inverter system 21

10. x
LIST OF TABLES
Table 4.1 Load Evaluation and Power Consumption 24