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ABG ANALYSIS MADE EASY: ABG for Nurses pptx
- 1. ABG ANALYSIS FOR NURSES Ms.Gauri SD (M. Sc. CTVN)
- 2. INTRODUCTION • Arterial bloodis a blood withdrawn from an artery. Such blood when analyzed is known as Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) analysis. • Interpretation of ABG holds a significance to start the treatment in an ICU/ ER.
- 3. STEP-I • Know thenormal values !! opH → 7.35-7.45 oPaO2 → 80-100 mmHg oPaCO2 → 35-45 mmHg (Respiratory) oHCO3 → 22-26 mEq/L (Metabolic)
- 4. STEP-II • Make yourown tic-tac-toe !! ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS
- 5. STEP-III • Look atpH and see if it’s ACIDIC or ALKALINE ?? ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS pH ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS pH ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS pH TIP: pH ↓ 7.35= Acidic pH ↑ 7.35= Alkaline
- 6. STEP-IV TIP: PaCO2 ↓ 35=Alkaline PaCO2 ↑ 45= Acidic • Look at PaCO2 to know if it’s ACIDIC or ALKALINE ?? ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS PaCO2 ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS PaCO2 ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS PaCO2
- 7. STEP-V TIP: HCO3 ↓22 = Acidic HCO3 ↑ 26= Alkaline • Look at HCO3 to know if it’s ACIDIC or ALKALINE ?? ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS HCO3 ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS HCO3 ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS HCO3
- 8. STEP-VI • Look atthe grid and column under which pH is placed ?? ACIDOSIS ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS pH ALKALOSIS ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS pH
- 9. But what ifpH is Normal ?? • Look at the value if it’s leaning towards ACIDOSIS or ALKALOSIS… ACIDOSIS ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS pH 7.38 ALKALOSIS ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS pH 7.43
- 10. STEP-VII • Come backagain at the grid to determine if pH is placed under the same column as PaCO2 or HCO3 RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS pH PaCO 2 HCO3 METABOLIC ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS pH PaCO2 HCO3 pH PaCO2 pH HCO3
- 11. STEP-VII cont… RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS NORMALALKALOSIS HCO3 HCO3 METABOLIC ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS PaCO 2 PaCO 2 pH PaCO2 pH HCO3
- 12. STEP-VIII Let’s know thecompensation !! • If pH normal FULLY COMPENSATED • If either PaCO2 or HCO3 is normal UNCOMPENSATED • If all three values are abnormal PARTIALLY COMPENSATED FULLY COMPENSATED ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS pH HCO3 PaCO2 UNCOMPENSATED ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS pH HCO3 PaCO2 PARTIALY COMPENSATED ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS pH HCO3 PaCO 2
- 13. EXAMPLES… pH-7.49; PaCO2-30; HCO3-20 PARTIALLY COMPENSATED RESPIRATORYALKALOSIS ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS pH HCO3 PaCO2 pH-7.30; PaCO2-30; HCO3-18 PARTIALLY COMPENSATED METABOLIC ACIDOSIS ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS pH HCO3 PaCO2 pH-7.28; PaCO2-50; HCO3-32 PARTIALLY COMPENSATED RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS pH PaCO2 HCO3 pH-7.51; PaCO2-55; HCO3-29 PARTIALLY COMPENSATED METABOLIC ALKALOSIS ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS pH PaCO2 HCO3
- 14. EXAMPLES… pH-7.49; PaCO2-30; HCO3-24 UNCOMPENSATED RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS ACIDOSISNORMAL ALKALOSIS pH HCO3 PaCO2 pH-7.33; PaCO2-39; HCO3-18 UNCOMPENSATED METABOLIC ACIDOSIS ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS pH HCO3 PaCO2 pH-7.28; PaCO2-50; HCO3-26 UNCOMPENSATED RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS pH PaCO2 HCO3 pH-7.51; PaCO2-42; HCO3-29 UNCOMPENSATED METABOLIC ALKALOSIS ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS pH PaCO2 HCO3
- 15. Examples…. pH-7.43; PaCO2-30; HCO3-20 FULLY COMPENSATED RESPIRATORYALKALOSIS ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS pH HCO3 PaCO2 pH-7.38; PaCO2-31; HCO3-18 FULLY COMPENSATED METABOLIC ACIDOSIS ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS pH HCO3 PaCO2 pH-7.39; PaCO2-50; HCO3-29 FULLY COMPENSATED RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS pH PaCO2 HCO3 pH-7.41; PaCO2-46; HCO3-31 FULLY COMPENSATED METABOLIC ALKALOSIS ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS pH PaCO2 HCO3