This document provides links to resources about organic gardening and farming techniques, including manuals on increasing plant yields by 400%, rainwater harvesting, green roofs, straight vegetable oil vehicles, garden therapy for the disabled, volunteering on organic farms in Europe, solar energy training, and eco-friendly coffee bean development projects. The resources aim to educate about city, backyard, and urban farming using organic and sustainable methods.
A Comparison of Liquid Biofuels in Home Heating FurnacesXZ3
A study tested various biofuel blends in home heating furnaces and found that a 20% blend of waste vegetable oil (WVO) performed well and was the first biofuel to be cheaper than petroleum heating oil. Field tests of 20% WVO and soybean oil (SVO) blends found no issues after several months of use. Using less refined plant oils and waste oils reduces biofuel production costs and brings the prices below the petroleum barrier. Future studies are needed on long-term storage stability and delivery issues for biofuel heating to help establish local production in Connecticut.
Adapting A VW Golf Car For Using Pure Rapeseed Oil As FuelXZ3
This document summarizes research adapting a VW Golf automobile to run on pure rapeseed oil as fuel. Key points:
- A VW Golf with a 1.9L diesel engine was modified using an Elsbett one-tank conversion kit, allowing it to use pure rapeseed oil as fuel.
- Initial tests were conducted in winter conditions down to -7°C. The modified engine started and drove without issues, showing rapeseed oil fuel consumption was slightly higher than diesel but better than biodiesel.
- Component temperature measurements showed the electric fuel heater brought oil temperatures over 60°C within 1.5-1.7 minutes, allowing warm engine operation on rapeseed oil even below
Algae have potential as a feedstock for biofuels because they are photosynthetic and can grow much faster than land crops. Algae can be used to produce biodiesel from algal oil, as well as ethanol, butanol and other biofuels from algal carbohydrates. Algae have advantages over land crops for biofuels in that they do not require arable land, can yield much more energy per acre, and can absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Several companies are working to scale up algae production and develop cost-effective systems to commercially produce algae-derived fuels and products.
This document discusses using straight vegetable oil or waste vegetable oil as an alternative fuel to diesel for vehicles. It provides annual savings estimates of using these fuels which include reducing diesel consumption by over 6,800 gallons and $9,221 in savings per year. It also outlines operational questions about how these fuels work and their environmental impacts such as being carbon neutral and reusing a waste product.
Beyond Fossil Fuels: Biofuel Opportunities for AfricaXZ3
This document discusses opportunities for renewable energy in Africa beyond fossil fuels. It notes that Africa has low electrification rates and energy consumption. Renewable sources like biomass, hydro, geothermal, wind and solar are discussed. Specific opportunities for biofuels in West Africa are examined. The creation of the African Biofuel and Renewable Energy Fund (ABREF) is proposed to finance biofuel and renewable energy projects, with the goals of contributing to industry development in Africa and providing returns through certified emission reduction credits.
Beyond Biodiesel - Running on Straight Vegetable OilXZ3
1. Penn State University conducted research running a New Holland tractor and Case wheel loader on straight vegetable oil (SVO) for over a year.
2. The SVO was produced from cold-pressed canola seeds grown on Penn State's farmland.
3. Results found the equipment performed normally with no issues when running on SVO, though long-term use may impact engine life due to carbon buildup. The research aims to further understanding of SVO as a renewable fuel alternative.
Biodiesel Production from Jatropha curcas Oil Using Potassium CarbonateXZ3
This document summarizes a study on producing biodiesel from Jatropha curcas (JTC) oil using potassium carbonate as an unsupported catalyst. Key findings include:
1) Potassium carbonate produced the least amount of soap compared to other base catalysts and can be recovered from JTC seedcake ash, making it suitable for biodiesel production from JTC oil.
2) The transesterification of JTC oil appeared complete within 15 minutes using 5% potassium carbonate and a 6:1 methanol to oil ratio or 4% potassium carbonate and a 9:1 ratio, both at 60°C.
3) FTIR-ATR analysis was used to monitor the
This document provides links to resources about organic gardening and farming techniques, including manuals on increasing plant yields by 400%, rainwater harvesting, green roofs, straight vegetable oil vehicles, garden therapy for the disabled, volunteering on organic farms in Europe, solar energy training, and eco-friendly coffee bean development projects. The resources aim to educate about city, backyard, and urban farming using organic and sustainable methods.
A Comparison of Liquid Biofuels in Home Heating FurnacesXZ3
A study tested various biofuel blends in home heating furnaces and found that a 20% blend of waste vegetable oil (WVO) performed well and was the first biofuel to be cheaper than petroleum heating oil. Field tests of 20% WVO and soybean oil (SVO) blends found no issues after several months of use. Using less refined plant oils and waste oils reduces biofuel production costs and brings the prices below the petroleum barrier. Future studies are needed on long-term storage stability and delivery issues for biofuel heating to help establish local production in Connecticut.
Adapting A VW Golf Car For Using Pure Rapeseed Oil As FuelXZ3
This document summarizes research adapting a VW Golf automobile to run on pure rapeseed oil as fuel. Key points:
- A VW Golf with a 1.9L diesel engine was modified using an Elsbett one-tank conversion kit, allowing it to use pure rapeseed oil as fuel.
- Initial tests were conducted in winter conditions down to -7°C. The modified engine started and drove without issues, showing rapeseed oil fuel consumption was slightly higher than diesel but better than biodiesel.
- Component temperature measurements showed the electric fuel heater brought oil temperatures over 60°C within 1.5-1.7 minutes, allowing warm engine operation on rapeseed oil even below
Algae have potential as a feedstock for biofuels because they are photosynthetic and can grow much faster than land crops. Algae can be used to produce biodiesel from algal oil, as well as ethanol, butanol and other biofuels from algal carbohydrates. Algae have advantages over land crops for biofuels in that they do not require arable land, can yield much more energy per acre, and can absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Several companies are working to scale up algae production and develop cost-effective systems to commercially produce algae-derived fuels and products.
This document discusses using straight vegetable oil or waste vegetable oil as an alternative fuel to diesel for vehicles. It provides annual savings estimates of using these fuels which include reducing diesel consumption by over 6,800 gallons and $9,221 in savings per year. It also outlines operational questions about how these fuels work and their environmental impacts such as being carbon neutral and reusing a waste product.
Beyond Fossil Fuels: Biofuel Opportunities for AfricaXZ3
This document discusses opportunities for renewable energy in Africa beyond fossil fuels. It notes that Africa has low electrification rates and energy consumption. Renewable sources like biomass, hydro, geothermal, wind and solar are discussed. Specific opportunities for biofuels in West Africa are examined. The creation of the African Biofuel and Renewable Energy Fund (ABREF) is proposed to finance biofuel and renewable energy projects, with the goals of contributing to industry development in Africa and providing returns through certified emission reduction credits.
Beyond Biodiesel - Running on Straight Vegetable OilXZ3
1. Penn State University conducted research running a New Holland tractor and Case wheel loader on straight vegetable oil (SVO) for over a year.
2. The SVO was produced from cold-pressed canola seeds grown on Penn State's farmland.
3. Results found the equipment performed normally with no issues when running on SVO, though long-term use may impact engine life due to carbon buildup. The research aims to further understanding of SVO as a renewable fuel alternative.
Biodiesel Production from Jatropha curcas Oil Using Potassium CarbonateXZ3
This document summarizes a study on producing biodiesel from Jatropha curcas (JTC) oil using potassium carbonate as an unsupported catalyst. Key findings include:
1) Potassium carbonate produced the least amount of soap compared to other base catalysts and can be recovered from JTC seedcake ash, making it suitable for biodiesel production from JTC oil.
2) The transesterification of JTC oil appeared complete within 15 minutes using 5% potassium carbonate and a 6:1 methanol to oil ratio or 4% potassium carbonate and a 9:1 ratio, both at 60°C.
3) FTIR-ATR analysis was used to monitor the
Blooming Futures: Fuelling Vehicles With Plant OilsXZ3
Blooming Futures is a UK company that has developed technology to convert diesel engines to run on pure plant oil (PPO) as a sustainable motor fuel. PPO has significantly lower carbon emissions than diesel. Blooming Futures aims to establish a UK supply chain for locally sourced PPO and make it available to private and commercial users. To promote PPO, Blooming Futures set up a fleet of 50 vehicles from local businesses that were converted to run on PPO, funded in part by DEFRA, called the Bio-Fleet Project.
Breeding Sustainable Energy Crops For The Developing WorldXZ3
This document proposes a research project to develop Jatropha curcas as a sustainable energy crop for developing countries. The goals are to establish a Jatropha germplasm collection, evaluate varieties for yield and other traits, conduct a breeding program to develop improved varieties adapted to marginal lands, and establish Jatropha as a cash crop in Haiti. The project would address Haiti's needs for environmental restoration, economic development, and reduced fuel imports by developing Jatropha as a crop for hillsides and biodiesel production.
Can It Be Done: I ran my Mercedes on Straight Vegetable Oil XZ3
1) The author has been running his 1980 Mercedes on straight vegetable oil (SVO) for 5 months without issues. Others are surprised that a diesel engine can run on vegetable oil.
2) Rudolph Diesel originally designed diesel engines to run on vegetable oil. The author discusses various types of vegetable-based fuels including SVO, biodiesel (B100), and a B20 blend.
3) Benefits of using vegetable oil over diesel include reducing emissions, being carbon neutral, reducing reliance on oil companies, and saving money on fuel costs. The author provides details on gathering, filtering, and using vegetable oil as fuel.
Canola Power: Running your Car on Straight Vegetable OilXZ3
Robert Schauf from Barron, Wisconsin runs his 1,000-acre dairy farm entirely on straight vegetable oil (SVO) made from canola. He imported a small, automated cold press from Germany to extract the oil from canola seeds on his farm. With the press and conversion kits for his tractors costing $5,000 each, he is able to produce 35,000 gallons of canola oil fuel per year, saving $1-1.50 per gallon compared to diesel. German farmers visited also fuel their farms and vehicles with vegetable oil made from pressed canola or rapeseed on small, diversified family farms.
Characterization Of Jatropha Curcas L. Seed And Its OilXZ3
The document analyzes the physical properties and composition of Jatropha curcas L. seeds and oil from Argentina and Paraguay. It finds:
1) The seeds have high levels of protein (26.2%) and carbohydrates (56.5%) in the press extraction cake.
2) The oil from both sources is highly unsaturated, with linoleic acid being the most abundant fatty acid (42.6% for Paraguayan oil and 53.3% for Argentinean oil).
3) Both oils have high acidity (26.8 mg KOH/g oil) which prevents direct transesterification for biodiesel production.
The document discusses opportunities for using coconut oil as a biofuel in Pacific Islands. Key points include:
1) Coconut oil can replace or be blended with diesel fuel in engines, providing economic benefits through lower local costs compared to imported diesel.
2) Using coconut oil can support local agro-industries and reduce emissions compared to diesel. However, straight coconut oil requires engine adaptations.
3) Producing biodiesel from coconut oil is more expensive than using straight coconut oil due to chemical processing requirements.
Compression Ignition Engine Modifications for Straight Vegetable Oil Fuel XZ3
This document discusses modifications made to allow a stationary diesel engine commonly used in developing countries to run on straight plant oils as a fuel substitute. The modification kit includes a preheating system and adjustments to the injector pressure and timing to improve atomization given plant oils' unique properties compared to diesel. Testing showed that with preheating of the high pressure fuel line and changes to injection parameters, the engine could efficiently utilize plant oils with performance similar to diesel, providing a potentially lower cost and sustainable fuel for remote rural areas.
Conversion of Marine Fishing Vessel Diesel Engines for Use with Straight Vege...XZ3
This document discusses converting marine fishing vessel diesel engines to use straight vegetable oil (SVO) as fuel instead of fossil diesel. It provides background on rising oil costs and dependence on imports as motivation. Converting engines is estimated to cost €1500 per engine. Using SVO provides environmental benefits but may currently cost 11-18 cents more per liter than untaxed diesel. Subsidizing SVO to account for its environmental benefits could make it cost competitive across the EU. The conclusion is that promoting SVO use would have political, social, environmental and economic benefits and should be considered a viable alternative to fossil diesel for fishermen.
Diesel -Therm: The Solution for Freezing Problems with BiofuelsXZ3
Diesel-Therm is a fuel preheater that prevents diesel and biodiesel from gelling at low temperatures by warming the fuel before it reaches the filter. It installs directly before the fuel filter and consists of an electric heater, thermostat, and control unit. By keeping the fuel fluid, it avoids clogged filters and ensures reliable engine operation even in very cold conditions without the need for additives. The device has been proven effective and is used by many commercial vehicle manufacturers and operators.
The document provides information about a 2 tank system conversion kit for diesel engines to run on straight vegetable oil (SVO).
The conversion kit contains all the necessary parts to modify the engine, including a second fuel tank, fuel filters, pumps, heat exchanger, sensors and wiring. Detailed instructions and diagrams for installation are also included.
Additional information is given about available second fuel tank models and accessories that can be selected, with pricing. The kit aims to allow operation of the engine according to the included "Vegetable Oil Quality Standard" specifications.
Green Power: From Diesel Engines Burning Biological Oils and Recycled Fat XZ3
The document discusses MAN B&W Diesel's testing and use of liquid biofuels such as vegetable oils, waste oils, and recycled fat in medium-speed diesel engines for power generation. Workshop tests showed biofuels can be used with no major impacts to engine performance or emissions. Commercial operations have logged over 15,000 hours burning various biofuels with good reliability. The possibility of combining cost-effective and environmentally friendly power generation makes optimizing biofuel combustion in diesel engines important for renewable energy.
Grow your Own Biofuel Crop - Penn State UniversityXZ3
Fall-seeded canola varieties have potential as a straight biofuel crop that could also qualify as a cover crop. In Pennsylvania, farmers are growing camelina through a cooperative to supply oil to a local biofuel plant. About 300 acres of camelina were planted across 12 farms in Crawford County. The camelina's oil is pressed at a local plant while the remaining meal can be used as a livestock feed high in omega-3 fatty acids. The cooperative aims to expand camelina acres and involve more growers in 2009.
Practical eLearning Makeovers for EveryoneBianca Woods
Welcome to Practical eLearning Makeovers for Everyone. In this presentation, we’ll take a look at a bunch of easy-to-use visual design tips and tricks. And we’ll do this by using them to spruce up some eLearning screens that are in dire need of a new look.
Discovering the Best Indian Architects A Spotlight on Design Forum Internatio...Designforuminternational
India’s architectural landscape is a vibrant tapestry that weaves together the country's rich cultural heritage and its modern aspirations. From majestic historical structures to cutting-edge contemporary designs, the work of Indian architects is celebrated worldwide. Among the many firms shaping this dynamic field, Design Forum International stands out as a leader in innovative and sustainable architecture. This blog explores some of the best Indian architects, highlighting their contributions and showcasing the most famous architects in India.
Blooming Futures: Fuelling Vehicles With Plant OilsXZ3
Blooming Futures is a UK company that has developed technology to convert diesel engines to run on pure plant oil (PPO) as a sustainable motor fuel. PPO has significantly lower carbon emissions than diesel. Blooming Futures aims to establish a UK supply chain for locally sourced PPO and make it available to private and commercial users. To promote PPO, Blooming Futures set up a fleet of 50 vehicles from local businesses that were converted to run on PPO, funded in part by DEFRA, called the Bio-Fleet Project.
Breeding Sustainable Energy Crops For The Developing WorldXZ3
This document proposes a research project to develop Jatropha curcas as a sustainable energy crop for developing countries. The goals are to establish a Jatropha germplasm collection, evaluate varieties for yield and other traits, conduct a breeding program to develop improved varieties adapted to marginal lands, and establish Jatropha as a cash crop in Haiti. The project would address Haiti's needs for environmental restoration, economic development, and reduced fuel imports by developing Jatropha as a crop for hillsides and biodiesel production.
Can It Be Done: I ran my Mercedes on Straight Vegetable Oil XZ3
1) The author has been running his 1980 Mercedes on straight vegetable oil (SVO) for 5 months without issues. Others are surprised that a diesel engine can run on vegetable oil.
2) Rudolph Diesel originally designed diesel engines to run on vegetable oil. The author discusses various types of vegetable-based fuels including SVO, biodiesel (B100), and a B20 blend.
3) Benefits of using vegetable oil over diesel include reducing emissions, being carbon neutral, reducing reliance on oil companies, and saving money on fuel costs. The author provides details on gathering, filtering, and using vegetable oil as fuel.
Canola Power: Running your Car on Straight Vegetable OilXZ3
Robert Schauf from Barron, Wisconsin runs his 1,000-acre dairy farm entirely on straight vegetable oil (SVO) made from canola. He imported a small, automated cold press from Germany to extract the oil from canola seeds on his farm. With the press and conversion kits for his tractors costing $5,000 each, he is able to produce 35,000 gallons of canola oil fuel per year, saving $1-1.50 per gallon compared to diesel. German farmers visited also fuel their farms and vehicles with vegetable oil made from pressed canola or rapeseed on small, diversified family farms.
Characterization Of Jatropha Curcas L. Seed And Its OilXZ3
The document analyzes the physical properties and composition of Jatropha curcas L. seeds and oil from Argentina and Paraguay. It finds:
1) The seeds have high levels of protein (26.2%) and carbohydrates (56.5%) in the press extraction cake.
2) The oil from both sources is highly unsaturated, with linoleic acid being the most abundant fatty acid (42.6% for Paraguayan oil and 53.3% for Argentinean oil).
3) Both oils have high acidity (26.8 mg KOH/g oil) which prevents direct transesterification for biodiesel production.
The document discusses opportunities for using coconut oil as a biofuel in Pacific Islands. Key points include:
1) Coconut oil can replace or be blended with diesel fuel in engines, providing economic benefits through lower local costs compared to imported diesel.
2) Using coconut oil can support local agro-industries and reduce emissions compared to diesel. However, straight coconut oil requires engine adaptations.
3) Producing biodiesel from coconut oil is more expensive than using straight coconut oil due to chemical processing requirements.
Compression Ignition Engine Modifications for Straight Vegetable Oil Fuel XZ3
This document discusses modifications made to allow a stationary diesel engine commonly used in developing countries to run on straight plant oils as a fuel substitute. The modification kit includes a preheating system and adjustments to the injector pressure and timing to improve atomization given plant oils' unique properties compared to diesel. Testing showed that with preheating of the high pressure fuel line and changes to injection parameters, the engine could efficiently utilize plant oils with performance similar to diesel, providing a potentially lower cost and sustainable fuel for remote rural areas.
Conversion of Marine Fishing Vessel Diesel Engines for Use with Straight Vege...XZ3
This document discusses converting marine fishing vessel diesel engines to use straight vegetable oil (SVO) as fuel instead of fossil diesel. It provides background on rising oil costs and dependence on imports as motivation. Converting engines is estimated to cost €1500 per engine. Using SVO provides environmental benefits but may currently cost 11-18 cents more per liter than untaxed diesel. Subsidizing SVO to account for its environmental benefits could make it cost competitive across the EU. The conclusion is that promoting SVO use would have political, social, environmental and economic benefits and should be considered a viable alternative to fossil diesel for fishermen.
Diesel -Therm: The Solution for Freezing Problems with BiofuelsXZ3
Diesel-Therm is a fuel preheater that prevents diesel and biodiesel from gelling at low temperatures by warming the fuel before it reaches the filter. It installs directly before the fuel filter and consists of an electric heater, thermostat, and control unit. By keeping the fuel fluid, it avoids clogged filters and ensures reliable engine operation even in very cold conditions without the need for additives. The device has been proven effective and is used by many commercial vehicle manufacturers and operators.
The document provides information about a 2 tank system conversion kit for diesel engines to run on straight vegetable oil (SVO).
The conversion kit contains all the necessary parts to modify the engine, including a second fuel tank, fuel filters, pumps, heat exchanger, sensors and wiring. Detailed instructions and diagrams for installation are also included.
Additional information is given about available second fuel tank models and accessories that can be selected, with pricing. The kit aims to allow operation of the engine according to the included "Vegetable Oil Quality Standard" specifications.
Green Power: From Diesel Engines Burning Biological Oils and Recycled Fat XZ3
The document discusses MAN B&W Diesel's testing and use of liquid biofuels such as vegetable oils, waste oils, and recycled fat in medium-speed diesel engines for power generation. Workshop tests showed biofuels can be used with no major impacts to engine performance or emissions. Commercial operations have logged over 15,000 hours burning various biofuels with good reliability. The possibility of combining cost-effective and environmentally friendly power generation makes optimizing biofuel combustion in diesel engines important for renewable energy.
Grow your Own Biofuel Crop - Penn State UniversityXZ3
Fall-seeded canola varieties have potential as a straight biofuel crop that could also qualify as a cover crop. In Pennsylvania, farmers are growing camelina through a cooperative to supply oil to a local biofuel plant. About 300 acres of camelina were planted across 12 farms in Crawford County. The camelina's oil is pressed at a local plant while the remaining meal can be used as a livestock feed high in omega-3 fatty acids. The cooperative aims to expand camelina acres and involve more growers in 2009.
Practical eLearning Makeovers for EveryoneBianca Woods
Welcome to Practical eLearning Makeovers for Everyone. In this presentation, we’ll take a look at a bunch of easy-to-use visual design tips and tricks. And we’ll do this by using them to spruce up some eLearning screens that are in dire need of a new look.
Discovering the Best Indian Architects A Spotlight on Design Forum Internatio...Designforuminternational
India’s architectural landscape is a vibrant tapestry that weaves together the country's rich cultural heritage and its modern aspirations. From majestic historical structures to cutting-edge contemporary designs, the work of Indian architects is celebrated worldwide. Among the many firms shaping this dynamic field, Design Forum International stands out as a leader in innovative and sustainable architecture. This blog explores some of the best Indian architects, highlighting their contributions and showcasing the most famous architects in India.
Explore the essential graphic design tools and software that can elevate your creative projects. Discover industry favorites and innovative solutions for stunning design results.
International Upcycling Research Network advisory board meeting 4Kyungeun Sung
Slides used for the International Upcycling Research Network advisory board 4 (last one). The project is based at De Montfort University in Leicester, UK, and funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council.