A. P. J. Abdul Kalam, the 11th President of India, was a renowned scientist involved in India's space and missile programs, earning him the title 'Missile Man of India.' Born in Tamil Nadu, he received numerous prestigious awards, including the Bharat Ratna, and served as President from 2002 to 2007 before returning to civilian life. He passed away from cardiac arrest during a lecture at the Indian Institute of Management Shillong on July 27, 2015.