The discipline of Indonesian society today is still a problem in enhancing national development. To achieve the national development, an effort is needed to develop and foster community life that is orderly, and highly disciplined. One of the Surabaya city government's efforts in anticipating disciplinary problems of the society is to optimize the role of Civil Service Police Unit. The Problem faced by the apparatus of Civil Service Police Unit in performing the task is a low degree of empathy that resulted in operating patterns is that the people become the victims of the operation. Based on the problems concerning with the empathy of municipal police officers, the purpose of this study is to find out whether there is a difference in the contorl and experimental groups by applying method of discussion of moral dilemmas in increasing their empathy.This study is an experimental research with true experimental design. The population of the study is the Surabaya municipal police officers consisting of 400 persons. The samples taken are 60 which are divided into control and experimental groups consisting of 30 persons in each group. Data were analyzed by using descriptive quantitative and independent sample t-test.The results of the research are: 1) For the items detected concerning with the factor of empathy, there is a difference when the samples are given treatment in the form of moral dilemma discussions compared with the sample group which was not given treatment; 2) It can be concluded that there is a difference when the samples are given treatment in the form of moral dilemma discussions with samples that are not given treatment dealt with aspects of cognitive empathy factors, the factors of emotional reactivity, and social skill factors.
This document provides an overview of a student's paper examining restorative justice. It discusses the differences between retributive and restorative justice systems, with retributive focusing on punishment and restorative on reparation and healing. It describes the student's experience in restorative justice tutorials and how they helped develop listening and understanding. Finally, it outlines how restorative justice values like empathy, remorse and forgiveness align with the Canadian Charter of Rights and the goal of rehabilitation.
Understanding of Social Interaction and socializationRamlaZulfiqar
This document discusses social interaction and socialization in educational contexts. It defines social interaction as mutual or reciprocal influence between individuals through social contact and communication. There are three levels of social interaction: macro (society), micro (individual), and meso (organizations). Elements of social interaction include social contact, communication, and social attitudes/values. Socialization involves socializing with others and builds confidence, purpose, and protects against stress.
This document discusses a study that examines how emotional intelligence factors affect students' decision-making about participating in extracurricular activities at Ho Chi Minh University of Banking in Vietnam. The study surveyed 413 students and found that the four main factors of emotional intelligence - emotion recognition, using emotions, understanding emotions, and managing emotions - influence students' decisions to participate in extracurricular activities. The document provides background on theories of emotional intelligence and reviews various models of emotional intelligence, including its influence on decision-making and components such as self-awareness, social awareness, self-management, and relationship management.
This document summarizes a study on empathy among college students in urban areas of Mumbai, India. 190 students aged 18 and above across various colleges in Mumbai were surveyed using a combination of closed-ended, open-ended, and Likert scale questions about their empathetic feelings. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests of association, factor analysis, and path analysis. Previous research discussed in the literature review found that empathy is important for college students' interpersonal relationships and well-being, and that factors like self-esteem can impact empathy. The goal of this study was to assess empathetic feelings in this population and understand any underlying factors.
Generic competency in professional training.pptxgladys171215
This document discusses various topics related to communication, reasoning, ethics, self-confidence, self-control, emotions, culture, and collaboration. It addresses elements of oral and written communication like diction, fluency and body language. It defines logical reasoning and different types. It examines ethics, morality, and their influence on human development. It also explores the benefits of self-confidence, characteristics of confident people, and how to build self-confidence. Self-control and emotional intelligence and their basic skills are outlined as well. Finally, it discusses cultural values and the importance of collaboration and empathy in educational settings.
The document provides an overview of topics that will be addressed in the study of sociology. It discusses how sociology examines groups, how they are formed and how they change, as well as the actions of individuals within groups. Some key topics that may be studied include social structure, conformity, theoretical perspectives like functionalism and symbolic interactionism, and how sociologists seek to understand the influence of groups on individual behavior. Information is gathered through observation and measurement of "social facts" like attendance at events, crime patterns, marriage rates, etc. The purpose of studying sociology is to better understand how group behavior shapes individuals and societies over time.
1. Organizational behavior is the study of human behavior, attitudes, and performance within organizational settings, drawing on theories from disciplines like psychology, sociology, and anthropology.
2. It analyzes how the external environment affects organizations and their human resources, objectives, and strategies.
3. Organizational behavior is an interdisciplinary field that uses concepts from multiple reference disciplines like psychology, sociology, social psychology, anthropology, political science, management, and economics to understand, predict, and manage human behavior in organizations.
1. Organizational behavior is the study of human behavior, attitudes, and performance within organizational settings.
2. It draws from various disciplines like psychology, sociology, anthropology to understand individual and group behaviors and their impact on organizations.
3. The goal is to apply findings to predict, understand, and manage human behavior in work environments to meet organizational objectives.
This document provides an overview of a student's paper examining restorative justice. It discusses the differences between retributive and restorative justice systems, with retributive focusing on punishment and restorative on reparation and healing. It describes the student's experience in restorative justice tutorials and how they helped develop listening and understanding. Finally, it outlines how restorative justice values like empathy, remorse and forgiveness align with the Canadian Charter of Rights and the goal of rehabilitation.
Understanding of Social Interaction and socializationRamlaZulfiqar
This document discusses social interaction and socialization in educational contexts. It defines social interaction as mutual or reciprocal influence between individuals through social contact and communication. There are three levels of social interaction: macro (society), micro (individual), and meso (organizations). Elements of social interaction include social contact, communication, and social attitudes/values. Socialization involves socializing with others and builds confidence, purpose, and protects against stress.
This document discusses a study that examines how emotional intelligence factors affect students' decision-making about participating in extracurricular activities at Ho Chi Minh University of Banking in Vietnam. The study surveyed 413 students and found that the four main factors of emotional intelligence - emotion recognition, using emotions, understanding emotions, and managing emotions - influence students' decisions to participate in extracurricular activities. The document provides background on theories of emotional intelligence and reviews various models of emotional intelligence, including its influence on decision-making and components such as self-awareness, social awareness, self-management, and relationship management.
This document summarizes a study on empathy among college students in urban areas of Mumbai, India. 190 students aged 18 and above across various colleges in Mumbai were surveyed using a combination of closed-ended, open-ended, and Likert scale questions about their empathetic feelings. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests of association, factor analysis, and path analysis. Previous research discussed in the literature review found that empathy is important for college students' interpersonal relationships and well-being, and that factors like self-esteem can impact empathy. The goal of this study was to assess empathetic feelings in this population and understand any underlying factors.
Generic competency in professional training.pptxgladys171215
This document discusses various topics related to communication, reasoning, ethics, self-confidence, self-control, emotions, culture, and collaboration. It addresses elements of oral and written communication like diction, fluency and body language. It defines logical reasoning and different types. It examines ethics, morality, and their influence on human development. It also explores the benefits of self-confidence, characteristics of confident people, and how to build self-confidence. Self-control and emotional intelligence and their basic skills are outlined as well. Finally, it discusses cultural values and the importance of collaboration and empathy in educational settings.
The document provides an overview of topics that will be addressed in the study of sociology. It discusses how sociology examines groups, how they are formed and how they change, as well as the actions of individuals within groups. Some key topics that may be studied include social structure, conformity, theoretical perspectives like functionalism and symbolic interactionism, and how sociologists seek to understand the influence of groups on individual behavior. Information is gathered through observation and measurement of "social facts" like attendance at events, crime patterns, marriage rates, etc. The purpose of studying sociology is to better understand how group behavior shapes individuals and societies over time.
1. Organizational behavior is the study of human behavior, attitudes, and performance within organizational settings, drawing on theories from disciplines like psychology, sociology, and anthropology.
2. It analyzes how the external environment affects organizations and their human resources, objectives, and strategies.
3. Organizational behavior is an interdisciplinary field that uses concepts from multiple reference disciplines like psychology, sociology, social psychology, anthropology, political science, management, and economics to understand, predict, and manage human behavior in organizations.
1. Organizational behavior is the study of human behavior, attitudes, and performance within organizational settings.
2. It draws from various disciplines like psychology, sociology, anthropology to understand individual and group behaviors and their impact on organizations.
3. The goal is to apply findings to predict, understand, and manage human behavior in work environments to meet organizational objectives.
It is quite instrumental stuff for having very basic understanding of the discipline of OB and its linkage with other related disciplines, its challenges and prospects.
Running head: POVERTY 1
POVERTY 5
Poverty
Name: Tami Goldwire-Major
Professor: J.Keitel
Course: English 111
Institution: Columbia College
Date: 10/03/2015
Human behavior refers to the array of every physical action and even the observable emotions which are always associated with particular individuals. This is entirely the human race and some behaviors are certain to change with the relevant changes in age and some may be much consistent while some may also arise from the social settings where a person lives and even other influences from other groups and cultures of different people. Tami, your reader will have difficulty understanding this because of its abstractions. They may be uncommon, usual and acceptable and are experienced throughout and individuals’ lifetime and factors that drive it include the attitude and even the genetics of people as well as the social norms which are put in place to govern people. Tami, try to tell your reader as clearly and simply as possible what you thesis and stance will be on this topic. When we stay too abstract and general, our readers tend not to comprehend our meaning.
We have a different perspective such as humanistic which emphasizes the inherent values of individuals as well as well as the social behavior which involves the interaction with the environment. Things which motivate human behavior also include the psychodynamic perspective and also the social constructionist which focuses on the learning and interaction of individuals with each other. Some other oppression in social life results to the conflict perspective and other related behaviors depicted by different people in particular settings.
The theoretical perspectives that I closely align with are the systems perspective, chaos theory and the conflict perspective. This is because in systems perspective, it always sees the behaviors as the results of the reciprocal interactions of people who strive within social systems that are directly or even indirectly linked. This is because we have been affected by this theory since the past olden days when social workers began looking at this sense of change as the outcomes of the interactions. It is also very much important to know that chaos theory depicted negative feedback loops as very much important in the systems making it very much ideally to consider. In the conflict perspective, it looks at the cause of human behavior and the source of such conflicts which arise among the systems. In the cultural arenas where different communities have different ethnic rules and regulations, the traditions of conflict perspective are revealed which are of much help in knowing the theories of human behavior. In understanding the human behavior, one has to rely on multiple theories because they are all interrelated and one perspective leads to the other .In the systems perspective, it reveals how social work adopted functionalist sociology which refers to usual human behaviors occupyi.
This document provides an overview of organizational behavior (OB). It discusses that OB investigates how individuals, groups, and organizational structure impact behavior in organizations in order to improve effectiveness. It outlines the foundations of OB including individual differences, treating people with dignity, and the need for management. It also discusses the interdisciplinary influences on OB from fields like psychology, sociology, social psychology, anthropology, political science, economics, engineering, and medicine. The document outlines the scope of OB at the individual, interpersonal, and organizational levels. It concludes by discussing the importance of OB in addressing challenges like diversity, innovation, and ethics.
RESPONSE 1 Social Learning, Exchange, and Behaviorism Theories in S.docxinfantkimber
RESPONSE 1: Social Learning, Exchange, and Behaviorism Theories in Social Work Practice
Respond
to two colleagues who chose the two theories you did NOT choose for your post.
·
Use the theory that neither of you used in your posts to explain how that third theory might apply to the population your colleague discussed. For example, imagine that your post is about social learning. Jane’s post is about exchange theory, while Steve’s post is about behaviorism. You would respond to Jane’s post by discussing behaviorism. Then you would respond to Steve’s post by discussing exchange theory.
Colleague 1: Dalicia
A brief description of the theory and the population you selected.
The theory that I have selected is the social learning theory. Robbins, Chatterjee, & Canda (2012) stated that “
social learning theory
is the school of behavioral thought that has best combined internal and external processes” (pg 351). This theory is based on how individuals adapt and adopt to different environments base of their behavior and cultural norm. Robbins, Chatterjee, & Canda (2012) stated that social learning theory offers a synthesis of cognitive psychology and principles of behavior modification in addition to an analysis of social influence on development. The population I would use with this theory is young children. Younger children from the ages of 3 to 5 because children learn how to adapt to different things or environment based on learn behaviors from adults.
Then explain how that theory might contribute to social work practice with the population you selected.
Using this theory could contribute to the social work practice with the populations of younger children due to understanding why a child act a certain way around their mother or father. With the social learning theory a bobo doll experiment was use to see gain understanding of the fears and anxiety of the child. Using this in the social work practice would help me as a social worker to be able to communicate with the child non-verbally because non verbal communication is how younger children communicate. The social learning theory would help me understand what behavior the parent uses around the child that causes the child to show fear. This theory would also give me understanding on why the young child cannot adapt too many situations and also the child cognitive functioning. Another reason social learning theory would contribute to social work practice with the population that is selected is that it would help me gain understanding on the reason the child have a negative reaction to some things; in which many individuals would called it a social norm but this theory calls it copying. Many younger children tend to copy things and it becomes a learn behavior which can make it hard for the younger child to adapt to different situations. This theory would lead me as a social worker in helping the child to use different coping skills to help change their adaptation from what was sociall ...
The document discusses several key topics related to ethics including:
- The three main branches of ethics: descriptive, metaethics, and normative ethics.
- The importance of studying ethics to understand one's values and make ethical decisions.
- How culture influences moral development and behavior through shared symbols, language, beliefs, values, and norms.
- The concept of cultural relativism and criticisms of it, including that some cultural practices can promote harm.
- Characteristics of moral standards and differences between moral standards and other codes like laws or policies.
- Ambivalent nature of Filipino values and traits which can be positive or negative depending on how they are applied.
Organizational behavior is the study of how people and groups act within organizations. It takes a systems approach, examining people-organization relationships from the perspective of the whole person, group, organization, and social system. The goal is to build better relationships and achieve human, organizational, and social objectives. Organizational behavior draws on various disciplines like psychology and sociology to understand workplace behaviors and improve performance.
This document summarizes a research paper on whether social interaction increases the subjective well-being of undergraduate students at the University of Namibia. It begins with acknowledgements, a declaration, lists of tables and figures. It then provides an introduction outlining the study's objectives to determine if there is a positive association between social interactions and subjective well-being. A literature review discusses previous research finding links between social interactions, relationships, and subjective well-being. The study aims to contribute to understanding these relationships among university students in Namibia.
This document provides an overview of organizational behavior and research methods. It defines organizational behavior as the study of human behavior in organizations. It discusses both natural and social sciences as they relate to organizational behavior. Key research methods covered include observation, questionnaires, interviews, and document analysis. The document also outlines different types of interviews, observations, and research designs such as experiments, case studies, and surveys.
The document discusses six major theoretical perspectives in psychology: evolutionary, cognitive, psychodynamic, behavioral, sociocultural, and humanistic. It explains key aspects of each perspective, such as what they focus on and their views on topics like natural selection, how the mind processes information, the effects of unconscious desires on behavior, the impact of external factors like punishment and reward, social influences, and individual free will. The document also mentions that psychologists may use an eclectic approach combining multiple perspectives to study human behavior.
The document discusses transactional analysis, which is a technique used to understand interpersonal relationships and behavior. It involves analyzing ego states (parent, adult, child), transactions between people, scripts that guide behavior, and games people play. Transactional analysis aims to improve communication, understand motivations, and promote healthy relationships through awareness of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in interactions.
Foundational Theories and Perspectives edited2.pptxJessaAustria2
The document discusses foundational theories and perspectives in social work. It defines theory and explains why theories are important for social work practice. Several theories are described, including general systems theory, ecological systems theory, cognitive theories, behavioral theories, attachment theory, and Sikolohiyang Pilipino. Key concepts and assumptions of each theory are provided. The document also discusses right-based, strength-based, and gender-based perspectives in social work and how they frame client issues.
Foundational Theories and Perspectives edited2.pptxJessaAustria2
The document discusses foundational theories and perspectives in social work. It defines theory and explains why theories are important for social work practice. Several theories are described, including general systems theory, ecological systems theory, cognitive theories, behavioral theories, attachment theory, and Sikolohiyang Pilipino. Key concepts and assumptions of each theory are provided. The document also discusses right-based, strength-based, and gender-based perspectives in social work and how they frame client issues.
Sociology in Everyday Life Essay
Essay on Why Should We Study Sociology?
Sociological Theories Essay
Sociology: The Study of Culture Essay
Sociology as Essay
What is Sociology? Essays
Sociology Major Essay
Sociology In Sociology
Sociology In Sociology
Reflective Sociology Essay
Sociological Concepts Essay
This document discusses non-verbal communication and listening to non-verbal messages. It covers six ways that non-verbal behavior can relate to verbal behavior, including repeating, complementing, accenting, substituting, contradicting, and regulating messages. It also discusses how facial expressions, gaze, gestures, posture, use of space, appearance, and vocal cues can all convey additional meaning beyond words. Effective listening requires observing and interpreting both verbal and non-verbal signals together to understand the full message.
Lawrence Kohlberg proposed six stages of moral development within three levels. The levels are preconventional morality (stages 1-2), conventional morality (stages 3-4), and postconventional morality (stages 5-6). Kohlberg believed moral development is progressive and occurs throughout life. Jean Piaget also theorized three stages of moral development: premoral, moral realism, and moral relativism. Children transition from viewing rules as absolute to understanding rules are socially constructed.
The document discusses key concepts in sociology related to theories, major theoretical perspectives, and the sociology of education. It provides overviews of structural functionalism, social conflict theory, feminism, and symbolic interactionism as major theoretical approaches. It also discusses how sociological theories and research help explain issues in formal education like social inequality and how social forces influence educational processes and outcomes. Key issues in the sociology of education mentioned include language, gender, technology, family structure, and cultural diversity.
VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVE. VFDs are widely used in industrial applications for...PIMR BHOPAL
Variable frequency drive .A Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) is an electronic device used to control the speed and torque of an electric motor by varying the frequency and voltage of its power supply. VFDs are widely used in industrial applications for motor control, providing significant energy savings and precise motor operation.
It is quite instrumental stuff for having very basic understanding of the discipline of OB and its linkage with other related disciplines, its challenges and prospects.
Running head: POVERTY 1
POVERTY 5
Poverty
Name: Tami Goldwire-Major
Professor: J.Keitel
Course: English 111
Institution: Columbia College
Date: 10/03/2015
Human behavior refers to the array of every physical action and even the observable emotions which are always associated with particular individuals. This is entirely the human race and some behaviors are certain to change with the relevant changes in age and some may be much consistent while some may also arise from the social settings where a person lives and even other influences from other groups and cultures of different people. Tami, your reader will have difficulty understanding this because of its abstractions. They may be uncommon, usual and acceptable and are experienced throughout and individuals’ lifetime and factors that drive it include the attitude and even the genetics of people as well as the social norms which are put in place to govern people. Tami, try to tell your reader as clearly and simply as possible what you thesis and stance will be on this topic. When we stay too abstract and general, our readers tend not to comprehend our meaning.
We have a different perspective such as humanistic which emphasizes the inherent values of individuals as well as well as the social behavior which involves the interaction with the environment. Things which motivate human behavior also include the psychodynamic perspective and also the social constructionist which focuses on the learning and interaction of individuals with each other. Some other oppression in social life results to the conflict perspective and other related behaviors depicted by different people in particular settings.
The theoretical perspectives that I closely align with are the systems perspective, chaos theory and the conflict perspective. This is because in systems perspective, it always sees the behaviors as the results of the reciprocal interactions of people who strive within social systems that are directly or even indirectly linked. This is because we have been affected by this theory since the past olden days when social workers began looking at this sense of change as the outcomes of the interactions. It is also very much important to know that chaos theory depicted negative feedback loops as very much important in the systems making it very much ideally to consider. In the conflict perspective, it looks at the cause of human behavior and the source of such conflicts which arise among the systems. In the cultural arenas where different communities have different ethnic rules and regulations, the traditions of conflict perspective are revealed which are of much help in knowing the theories of human behavior. In understanding the human behavior, one has to rely on multiple theories because they are all interrelated and one perspective leads to the other .In the systems perspective, it reveals how social work adopted functionalist sociology which refers to usual human behaviors occupyi.
This document provides an overview of organizational behavior (OB). It discusses that OB investigates how individuals, groups, and organizational structure impact behavior in organizations in order to improve effectiveness. It outlines the foundations of OB including individual differences, treating people with dignity, and the need for management. It also discusses the interdisciplinary influences on OB from fields like psychology, sociology, social psychology, anthropology, political science, economics, engineering, and medicine. The document outlines the scope of OB at the individual, interpersonal, and organizational levels. It concludes by discussing the importance of OB in addressing challenges like diversity, innovation, and ethics.
RESPONSE 1 Social Learning, Exchange, and Behaviorism Theories in S.docxinfantkimber
RESPONSE 1: Social Learning, Exchange, and Behaviorism Theories in Social Work Practice
Respond
to two colleagues who chose the two theories you did NOT choose for your post.
·
Use the theory that neither of you used in your posts to explain how that third theory might apply to the population your colleague discussed. For example, imagine that your post is about social learning. Jane’s post is about exchange theory, while Steve’s post is about behaviorism. You would respond to Jane’s post by discussing behaviorism. Then you would respond to Steve’s post by discussing exchange theory.
Colleague 1: Dalicia
A brief description of the theory and the population you selected.
The theory that I have selected is the social learning theory. Robbins, Chatterjee, & Canda (2012) stated that “
social learning theory
is the school of behavioral thought that has best combined internal and external processes” (pg 351). This theory is based on how individuals adapt and adopt to different environments base of their behavior and cultural norm. Robbins, Chatterjee, & Canda (2012) stated that social learning theory offers a synthesis of cognitive psychology and principles of behavior modification in addition to an analysis of social influence on development. The population I would use with this theory is young children. Younger children from the ages of 3 to 5 because children learn how to adapt to different things or environment based on learn behaviors from adults.
Then explain how that theory might contribute to social work practice with the population you selected.
Using this theory could contribute to the social work practice with the populations of younger children due to understanding why a child act a certain way around their mother or father. With the social learning theory a bobo doll experiment was use to see gain understanding of the fears and anxiety of the child. Using this in the social work practice would help me as a social worker to be able to communicate with the child non-verbally because non verbal communication is how younger children communicate. The social learning theory would help me understand what behavior the parent uses around the child that causes the child to show fear. This theory would also give me understanding on why the young child cannot adapt too many situations and also the child cognitive functioning. Another reason social learning theory would contribute to social work practice with the population that is selected is that it would help me gain understanding on the reason the child have a negative reaction to some things; in which many individuals would called it a social norm but this theory calls it copying. Many younger children tend to copy things and it becomes a learn behavior which can make it hard for the younger child to adapt to different situations. This theory would lead me as a social worker in helping the child to use different coping skills to help change their adaptation from what was sociall ...
The document discusses several key topics related to ethics including:
- The three main branches of ethics: descriptive, metaethics, and normative ethics.
- The importance of studying ethics to understand one's values and make ethical decisions.
- How culture influences moral development and behavior through shared symbols, language, beliefs, values, and norms.
- The concept of cultural relativism and criticisms of it, including that some cultural practices can promote harm.
- Characteristics of moral standards and differences between moral standards and other codes like laws or policies.
- Ambivalent nature of Filipino values and traits which can be positive or negative depending on how they are applied.
Organizational behavior is the study of how people and groups act within organizations. It takes a systems approach, examining people-organization relationships from the perspective of the whole person, group, organization, and social system. The goal is to build better relationships and achieve human, organizational, and social objectives. Organizational behavior draws on various disciplines like psychology and sociology to understand workplace behaviors and improve performance.
This document summarizes a research paper on whether social interaction increases the subjective well-being of undergraduate students at the University of Namibia. It begins with acknowledgements, a declaration, lists of tables and figures. It then provides an introduction outlining the study's objectives to determine if there is a positive association between social interactions and subjective well-being. A literature review discusses previous research finding links between social interactions, relationships, and subjective well-being. The study aims to contribute to understanding these relationships among university students in Namibia.
This document provides an overview of organizational behavior and research methods. It defines organizational behavior as the study of human behavior in organizations. It discusses both natural and social sciences as they relate to organizational behavior. Key research methods covered include observation, questionnaires, interviews, and document analysis. The document also outlines different types of interviews, observations, and research designs such as experiments, case studies, and surveys.
The document discusses six major theoretical perspectives in psychology: evolutionary, cognitive, psychodynamic, behavioral, sociocultural, and humanistic. It explains key aspects of each perspective, such as what they focus on and their views on topics like natural selection, how the mind processes information, the effects of unconscious desires on behavior, the impact of external factors like punishment and reward, social influences, and individual free will. The document also mentions that psychologists may use an eclectic approach combining multiple perspectives to study human behavior.
The document discusses transactional analysis, which is a technique used to understand interpersonal relationships and behavior. It involves analyzing ego states (parent, adult, child), transactions between people, scripts that guide behavior, and games people play. Transactional analysis aims to improve communication, understand motivations, and promote healthy relationships through awareness of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in interactions.
Foundational Theories and Perspectives edited2.pptxJessaAustria2
The document discusses foundational theories and perspectives in social work. It defines theory and explains why theories are important for social work practice. Several theories are described, including general systems theory, ecological systems theory, cognitive theories, behavioral theories, attachment theory, and Sikolohiyang Pilipino. Key concepts and assumptions of each theory are provided. The document also discusses right-based, strength-based, and gender-based perspectives in social work and how they frame client issues.
Foundational Theories and Perspectives edited2.pptxJessaAustria2
The document discusses foundational theories and perspectives in social work. It defines theory and explains why theories are important for social work practice. Several theories are described, including general systems theory, ecological systems theory, cognitive theories, behavioral theories, attachment theory, and Sikolohiyang Pilipino. Key concepts and assumptions of each theory are provided. The document also discusses right-based, strength-based, and gender-based perspectives in social work and how they frame client issues.
Sociology in Everyday Life Essay
Essay on Why Should We Study Sociology?
Sociological Theories Essay
Sociology: The Study of Culture Essay
Sociology as Essay
What is Sociology? Essays
Sociology Major Essay
Sociology In Sociology
Sociology In Sociology
Reflective Sociology Essay
Sociological Concepts Essay
This document discusses non-verbal communication and listening to non-verbal messages. It covers six ways that non-verbal behavior can relate to verbal behavior, including repeating, complementing, accenting, substituting, contradicting, and regulating messages. It also discusses how facial expressions, gaze, gestures, posture, use of space, appearance, and vocal cues can all convey additional meaning beyond words. Effective listening requires observing and interpreting both verbal and non-verbal signals together to understand the full message.
Lawrence Kohlberg proposed six stages of moral development within three levels. The levels are preconventional morality (stages 1-2), conventional morality (stages 3-4), and postconventional morality (stages 5-6). Kohlberg believed moral development is progressive and occurs throughout life. Jean Piaget also theorized three stages of moral development: premoral, moral realism, and moral relativism. Children transition from viewing rules as absolute to understanding rules are socially constructed.
The document discusses key concepts in sociology related to theories, major theoretical perspectives, and the sociology of education. It provides overviews of structural functionalism, social conflict theory, feminism, and symbolic interactionism as major theoretical approaches. It also discusses how sociological theories and research help explain issues in formal education like social inequality and how social forces influence educational processes and outcomes. Key issues in the sociology of education mentioned include language, gender, technology, family structure, and cultural diversity.
Similar to A Study On Moral Dilemma In Improving The Empathy Of The Apparatus Of Civil Service Police Unit Of Surabaya (16)
VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVE. VFDs are widely used in industrial applications for...PIMR BHOPAL
Variable frequency drive .A Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) is an electronic device used to control the speed and torque of an electric motor by varying the frequency and voltage of its power supply. VFDs are widely used in industrial applications for motor control, providing significant energy savings and precise motor operation.
Discover the latest insights on Data Driven Maintenance with our comprehensive webinar presentation. Learn about traditional maintenance challenges, the right approach to utilizing data, and the benefits of adopting a Data Driven Maintenance strategy. Explore real-world examples, industry best practices, and innovative solutions like FMECA and the D3M model. This presentation, led by expert Jules Oudmans, is essential for asset owners looking to optimize their maintenance processes and leverage digital technologies for improved efficiency and performance. Download now to stay ahead in the evolving maintenance landscape.
Applications of artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Engineering.pdfAtif Razi
Historically, mechanical engineering has relied heavily on human expertise and empirical methods to solve complex problems. With the introduction of computer-aided design (CAD) and finite element analysis (FEA), the field took its first steps towards digitization. These tools allowed engineers to simulate and analyze mechanical systems with greater accuracy and efficiency. However, the sheer volume of data generated by modern engineering systems and the increasing complexity of these systems have necessitated more advanced analytical tools, paving the way for AI.
AI offers the capability to process vast amounts of data, identify patterns, and make predictions with a level of speed and accuracy unattainable by traditional methods. This has profound implications for mechanical engineering, enabling more efficient design processes, predictive maintenance strategies, and optimized manufacturing operations. AI-driven tools can learn from historical data, adapt to new information, and continuously improve their performance, making them invaluable in tackling the multifaceted challenges of modern mechanical engineering.
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Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
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A Study On Moral Dilemma In Improving The Empathy Of The Apparatus Of Civil Service Police Unit Of Surabaya
1. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention
ISSN (Online): 2319 – 7722, ISSN (Print): 2319 – 7714
www.ijhssi.org ||Volume 6 Issue 3||March. 2017 || PP.84-89
www.ijhssi.org 84 | Page
A Study On Moral Dilemma In Improving The Empathy Of The
Apparatus Of Civil Service Police Unit Of Surabaya
Denny Christupel Tupamahu, M. As’ad Djalali, Sahat Saragih
Faculty of Psychology
University of 17Agustus 1945 Surabaya
ABSTRACT: The discipline of Indonesian society today is still a problem in enhancing national development.
To achieve the national development, an effort is needed to develop and foster community life that is orderly,
and highly disciplined. One of the Surabaya city government's efforts in anticipating disciplinary problems of
the society is to optimize the role of Civil Service Police Unit. The Problem faced by the apparatus of Civil
Service Police Unit in performing the task is a low degree of empathy that resulted in operating patterns is that
the people become the victims of the operation. Based on the problems concerning with the empathy of
municipal police officers, the purpose of this study is to find out whether there is a difference in the contorl and
experimental groups by applying method of discussion of moral dilemmas in increasing their empathy.This
study is an experimental research with true experimental design. The population of the study is the Surabaya
municipal police officers consisting of 400 persons. The samples taken are 60 which are divided into control
and experimental groups consisting of 30 persons in each group. Data were analyzed by using descriptive
quantitative and independent sample t-test.The results of the research are: 1) For the items detected concerning
with the factor of empathy, there is a difference when the samples are given treatment in the form of moral
dilemma discussions compared with the sample group which was not given treatment; 2) It can be concluded
that there is a difference when the samples are given treatment in the form of moral dilemma discussions with
samples that are not given treatment dealt with aspects of cognitive empathy factors, the factors of emotional
reactivity, and social skill factors.
Keywords: moral discussion, empathy, civil service police unit
I. BACKGROUND OF RESEARCH
To achieve the national development, some efforts are needed to develop and guide an orderly and
high discipline of the society life which starts from the family environment (Prijodarminto, 1994).In daily life,
there are still many indisciplinary acts conducted by individuals or groups . The awareness of the society to be
discipline is still very low in this country. According to Suratman in Hidayah (1996:12), disciplinary attitude is
related to three elements of human personality: soul, personality and behaviour. One of the efforts of the
government of Surabaya city in anticipating the disciplinary problems of the society is to optimize the roles of
Civil Service Police Unit(Satpol PP).Civil Service Police Unit is an apparatus of the local government to guard
against public orders and maintain Local Regulations (PERDA). This regulation is found in Act No. 23 of 2014
of the Local Government. Based on the definition in Article number one of the Indonesian Government
Regulation No. 6 of 2010 on Civil Service Police Unit is the government apparatus in guarding and executing
public tranquility and orderliness, maintaining Local Regulations and the decrees of the Head of the Region.
The main duty of Civil Service Police Unit is to assist the Head of the Region in executing governmental
matters concerning with security and orderliness and the execution of Local Regulations of Surabaya city. Civil
Service Police Unit is responsible to the Head of the Region through the Secretary of the Region.
However, Civil Service Police Unit often finds problems in carrying out its duty. The society shows
opposition to this unit either in the forms of mockery or physical contact. Thus, Civil Service Police Unit has to
build their characters in running their duties and functions in order that the negative opinion of the society can
change to positive view by giving excellent service to the society. Problems associated apparatus units
Municipal Police in carrying out the task is a low degree of empathy. Empathy is defined as the ability and
tendency of someone (obsrever) to understand what the others (target) think and feel in a certain situation (Zoll
& Enz, 2012). Empathy also means reacting to others' feelings which are accompanied by emotional response
similar to the feelings of others. According to Santrock (2007), although empathy is experienced as an
emotional condition, the feeling of empathy has cognitive component, i.e. a capability to understand someone’s
psychological condition, or the capacity to understand another's perspective or mental state.
In connection with the action done by the apparatus of municipal police officers while performing their duties,
the low level of moral and empathy causes the pattern of operation treat the society as the victims.
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In order to increase the empathy method of moral dilemma discussion can be applied.. Moral dilemma
discussion method is a method or methods used to determine the level of Kohlberg's moral reasoning According
to Elmubarok (2008), this method has superiotiy in a way that someone is motivated to go to the higher stage of
development, and it is easy to apply.
Based on the description concerning with the problems on the empathy of the apparatus of the municipal police
officers, the aim of the current research is to test and analyze the usage of method of moral dilemma discussion
in increasing the empathy of the apparatus of the municipal police officers in Surabaya.
II. LITERATURE REVIEW
1.Empathy
Empathy was first introduced by Titchener (1909) as the translation of English from German
‘Einfuhlung’ which is originally used in studying Esthetics to show the relationship between someone and an
artwork. During the 20th century, empathy is applied in human relationship emphasizing on two things: one of
them refers to affective component of empathy and the other one refers to the cognitive component of empathy.
. Empathy is a form of emotional self-awareness, beside shameful feeling, jealousy, pride and guilt. According
to Darwin, emotion stems from the development of self-awareness and involves the mastery of regulations and
standards (LaFreniere, 2000). Empathy allows individuals to understand the intentions of others, predict their
behavior and experience emotions triggered by their emotions (Baron-Cohen & Wheelwright, 2004).
Furthermore, it is described by Baron and Byrne (2005) that empathy is the ability to sense the emotional state
of others, feeling sympathetic and try to resolve the problem and take the perspective of others. The approach
used to understand Empathy is the theory proposed by Baron-Cohen & Wheelwright (2004) who classify
Empathy into affective and cognitive. Concerning with the factors that influence someone who receives and
gives empathy, Hoffman (1994) states some factors, such as: socialization, mood, feeling, learning and
identification, situation or place, communication and language, parental care. Davis (1996) classifies empathy
process into four stages, they are: Antecedents, Processes, Outcome intrapersonal, and interpersonal Outcome.
III. MORAL DILEMA
Keraf (2000) says that the word moral comes from Latin mos in Singular and the plural is mores which
means customs or habits. While Wibowo (2009) states that the moral and ethical is different though closely
related, but both have properties different from each other. Moral is a doctrine, discourse, benchmark, a
collection of oral and written rules about how people should live and act in order to become a good human
being, while ethics is the branch of philosophy that examines critical and fundamental teachings of the moral.
Ali and Asrori (2012) states moral is a rule of norms and institutions that governs the behavior of individuals in
relation to social and community groups. Moral is good and bad standards specified for individual socio-cultural
values where individuals as members of a society. Morality is a necessary aspect of a personality in relation to a
harmonious, fair and balancedsocial life. Moral attitude is necessary for the realization of a peaceful life, which
is regular, orderly, and harmonious.
According to Ali & Asrori (2012), moral values are aspects that develop in the individual through the
interaction between the activities of internal and external stimuli influence. At the beginning, a child does not
have the values and knowledge of certain moral values or about what is considered good or bad by social
groups. Furthermore, in environment interaction, the child begins to learn about various aspects of life related to
moral values. Bartens (2007) states that moral dilemma is a condition in which a person is faced with two or
more uncomfortable conditions, but is required to choose one of these conditions. Moral dilemma discussion
method is a method or methods used to determine the level of Kohlberg's moral reasoning development.
According to Dewi and Prihartanti (2014) Moral Dilemma Discussion is one method of discussion in the
approach to the development of cognitive moral so to ask someone to discuss the case of moral dilema hopefully
someone can learn accountable options at once words are put forward in front of his colleagues in the discussion
, The following displays framework research compiled on the basis of theoretical and empirical studies.
3. A Study On Moral Dilemma In Improving The Empathy Of The Apparatus Of Civil Service Police
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Figure1.Mindset Framework
The hypothesis proposed in this study is as follows that “Moral Dilemma Discussion Method can
increase the empathy of the apparatus of the civil service police unit. The hypothesis is based on the conclusion
on the theoretical base and literature review in order to answer the question of the research.
IV. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The current study is a simple experimental involving control and experimental groups The population
of this study is the apparatus of the civil service police unit consisting of 400 persons. The sample of this study
is 30 persons for each of the control and experimental group which makes 60 persons in all. The independent
variables were the moral discussion dilemma, which is one method of discussion in the approach of moral
development of cognitive, intended to improve social skills or life skills, the skills of human relationships in
life), such as oral communication, listening, critical thinking, team work, motivation, initiative, commitment,
willingness to learn, reliable, solve problems and make decisions, and empathy. The dependent variable is the
behavior of empathy, which is the action of individuals who shows concern for others which is understoodas
the emotional state as well as the viewpoints of others and appear for their understanding of cognitive empathy,
emotional reactivity, and social skills (Lawrence et.al., 2004).
This study uses 60 items Baron-Cohen and Wheelwright (2004) the Empathy Quotient, which is
subsequently adjusted on the validity and reliability based on research results Lawrence et al., (2004). The data
were analyzed using statistical techniques paramerik independent sample t-test and descriptive quantitative.
Independent sample t-test is a type of statistical test aimed to compare the average of the two groups are not
mutually coupled or not related. Not each pair can be interpreted that the research carried out for two different
sample subject. While quantitative descriptive method, according to Sudjana (1997), is a research method used
to describe or explain the event or events that occur at this time in the form of significant figures.
V. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The ammount of respondents of this study is 60 people who are divided into two groups: the treatment
group and the control group. Each group consisted of 30 people, in which the treatment group was a group given
a moral dilemma discussion, while the control group was not given a moral dilemma discussion. Respondents
were selected as research sample andclassified to gender, age, tenure, and education A sample of respondents in
this study is dominated by men both for the treatment group and the control group.
Tabel 4.2 Respondent Description based on Age
Age
Frekuensi (orang) Persentase (%)
Group of
Treatment
Group of
Control
Group of
Treatment
Group of
Control
< 30 years old 4 3 13,3 10,0
30 – < 40 years old 5 2 16,7 6,70
40 - < 50 years old 19 20 63,3 66,7
> 50 yeras old 2 5 6,70 16,7
TOTAL 30 30 100 100
Source:Apendix 3
Based on table 4.2 above the sample of respondents in this study is dominated by the respondents aged 40 to
less than 50 years either for the treatment group or the control group.
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Tabel 4.3 Respondent Description based on Working Period
Working Period
Frequency (people) Precentage (%)
Group of
Treatment
Group of
Control
Group of
Treatment
Group of
Control
< 5 years 3 7 10,0 23,3
10 - < 20 years 22 18 73,3 60,0
> 20 Years 5 5 16,7 16,7
TOTAL 30 30 100 100
Source:Apendix 3
A sample of respondents in this study is dominated by the respondents who have worked for 10 to less than 20
years for the treatment group or the control group.
Tabel 4.4 Respondent Descriptionbased on Education
Education
Frequency (people) Precentage (%)
Group of
Treatment
Group of
Control
Group of
Treatment
Group of
Control
Junior High School 6 1 20,0 3,30
Senior High School 18 17 60,0 56,7
Under Graduate 4 1 13,3 3,30
Graduate 2 11 6,70 36,7
TOTAL 30 30 100 100
Source:Apendix 3
Based on the above table it is known that a sample of respondents in this study is dominated by respondents
with high school education for both the treatment group and the control group.
Furthermore, in answering the research hypotheses, the researcher uses independent t test to examine whether
there is the difference or not between the group given the treatment and without treatment group. There are four
tests performed by existing factors which t test for overall factor (F), cognitive empathy factor (F1), the factor
of emotional reactivity (F2), and a factor of social skills (F3) with the following results.
1. Independent Test T Overall Test (F)
Test overall independent t test performed without distinguishing between existing factors. Overall test was to
test the entire item is a statement without distinguishing factor.
Tabel 4.36 Independent T Test for Overall Factor (F)
Factor Group Mean T df Sig.
Overall Factor (F)
Group of Treatment 2,97383
7,307 58 0,000
Group of Control 2,58920
Source : Primary data
According to table 4:36, it is known that without differentiating factor that there are differences
between the treatment group and control group, because t value of 7.307 is more than t table (df = 60-1-1, α =
0.05) of 2.3011 or sig. 0,000 less than the significance level (α) of 0.05, so reject H0, which means the overall
factor of difference when the samples are given treatment in the form of moral dilemma discussions with
samples that are not given treatment. This suggests that moral dilemma discussion method that includes factors
cognitive empathy, emotional reactivity, and social skills to do this effectively can increase empathy municipal
police officers in the city of Surabaya. This method proved to be effective, it could be seen from the average
(mean) in the treatment group which was higher than the control group.
2. Independent Test T Cognitive Empathy Test (F1)
Testing the independent t test was conducted on factors that include cognitive empathy EQ1 statement, EQ19,
EQ25, EQ26, EQ36, EQ41, EQ44, EQ52, EQ54, EQ55 and EQ58. Tests on these factors is to test some of the
items included in the statement of cognitive factors empathy with the following results.
Tabel 4.38 Independent T TestforCognitive Empathy Factor(F1)
Factor Group Mean t df Sig.
Cognitive Empathy
Factor(F1)
Group of Treatment 3,24853
6,106 58 0,000
Group of Control 2,71503
Source: Apendix 5
Based on table 4:38, it can be seen that cognitive empathy factor there is a difference between the
treatment group and control group, because t value of 6.106 is more than t table (df = 60-1-1, α = 0.05) of
2.3011 or sig. 0,000 less than the significance level (α) of 0.05, so reject H0 meaning in cognitive empathy
factor is no difference when the samples are given treatment in the form of moral dilemma discussions with
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samples that are not given treatment. This suggests that moral dilemma discussion method that involves
cognitive empathy factor is effectively made to promote empathy of municipal police officers in the city of
Surabaya. This method proved to be effective, it could be seen from the average (mean) in the treatment group
was higher than the control group.
3. Independent Test T Emotional Reactivity Test (F2)
Testing the independent t test was conducted on emotional reactivity factors including statements EQ6, EQ21,
EQ22, EQ27, EQ29, EQ32, EQ42, EQ43, EQ48, EQ50 and EQ59. Tests on these factors is to test some of the
items included in the statement of emotional factors reactivity with the following results.
Tabel 4.40 Independent T Testfor Emotional Reactivity Factor(F2)
Factor Group Mean T df Sig.
Emotional Reactivity
Factor(F2)
Group of Treatment 2,94843
4,961 58 0,000
Group of Control 2,64840
Source:Apendix 5
According to the table above 4:40 is known that the emotional factor reactivity there is a difference
between the treatment group and control group, because t value of 4.961 is more than t table (df = 60-1-1, α =
0.05) of 2.3011 or sig. 0,000 less than the significance level (α) of 0.05, so reject H0, which means the
emotional factor reactivity difference when the samples are given treatment in the form of moral dilemma
discussions with samples that are not given treatment. This shows that the method of discussion of moral
dilemmas regarding emotional reactivity factor is effectively made to promote empathy of municipal police
officers in the city of Surabaya. This method proved to be effective, it could be seen from the average (mean) in
the treatment group was higher than the control group.
4. Test Independent T Test Social Skills (F3)
Test the independent t test was conducted on factors that include social skills EQ4 statement, EQ8, EQ12,
EQ14, EQ35 and EQ57. Tests on these factors is to test some of the items included in the statement of factors
social skills with the following results.
Tabel 4.40 Independent T Testfor Social Skills Factor(F3)
Factor group Mean t df Sig.
Emotional Reactivity
Factor(F2)
Group of Treathment 2,51667
2,937 58 0,005
Group of Control 2,25000
Source: Appendix 5
According to the table above 4:40 is known that the factor of social skills there is a difference between
the treatment group and control group, for a value of 2,937 t more than t table (df = 60-1-1, α = 0.05) of 2.3011
or sig. 0,005 less than the significance level (α) of 0.05, so reject H0, which means the social skills factor is no
difference when the samples are given treatment in the form of moral dilemma discussions with samples that are
not given treatment. This shows that the method of discussion of moral dilemmas concerning these factors
effective social skills made to promote empathy of municipal police officers in the city of Surabaya. This
method proved to be effective, it could be seen from the average (mean) in the treatment group was higher than
the control group.
VI. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
The conclusion of a series of results of the analysis that has been done is that the test results of
independent t test on all factors known emphaty no difference when the samples are given treatment in the form
of moral dilemma discussions with the sample group was not given treatment. Aspects of cognitive empathy
factor (F1), the factor of emotional reactivity (F2), and a factor of social skills (F3) concluded there is a
difference when the samples are given treatment in the form of moral dilemma discussions with samples that are
not given treatment. It shows that the moral dilemma discussion method that involves emotional reactivity factor
is effectively made to promote empathy municipal police officers in the city of Surabaya. This method proved to
be effective, it could be seen from the average (mean) in the treatment group was higher than the control group.
Sense of empathy is seen from the responses of municipal police officers in the city of Surabaya to the
statements given.
Some suggestions are given, among others: 1) For further research is the use of the variables in
addition to the discussion of moral dilemmas that can increase the empathy of the apparatus of municipal police
in the city of Surabaya, and 2) To the Surabaya city government is to provide moral education for personnel
municipal police, so that in promoting a sense of duty, aa apparatus was not arrogant but has a sense of empathy
for people. This is done in order to reveal the positive traits that could later change the bad perception of the
public about municipal police.
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