This document provides an overview of JVM languages by discussing their history, reasons for creation, pros and cons of targeting the JVM, currently popular JVM languages, and common features. It notes that over 240 JVM languages have been created since 1997 to take advantage of the JVM's robustness while allowing for innovation, though the JVM was not initially designed to support certain types of languages. Popular dynamic JVM languages include Jython, JRuby, and Groovy, while Scala supports stronger typing and functional programming. Future projects may improve scripting and other language features on the JVM.