A green revolution for Mozambique, march 5, 2015
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Gordon Conway gives a presentation following field visits to AGRA's projects in Chimoio and Maputo in Mozambique
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A green revolution for Mozambique, march 5, 2015
- 1. info@ag4impact.org Tel. +44 (0) 207 594 9337 Twitter:@Ag4Impact Facebook: One Billion Hungry Sir Gordon Conway Professor of International Development, Agriculture for Impact, Imperial College A Green Revolu,on for Mozambique? Maputo, Mozambique March 6th, 2015
- 2. The Global Crises Financial Food security Water Civil Strife Climate Change Energy Supply Ecosystem Functions ‘A Perfect Storm’ The Global Crises Imperial College, London
- 3. We have to Intensify Imperial College, London
- 4. Survival line Months Potentialharvest(tons/ha) 1 2 3 2 31 4 Weeds Pests Drought An Insecure Farm Imperial College, London
- 5. Survival line Months Poten,al harvest (tons/ha) 1 2 3 2 3 1 4 Weeds Pests & diseases Drought Soil Fer)lity >2 t/ha Resilient Crops A Secure Farm Imperial College, London
- 6. The Key Ingredients of a Mozambique Green Revolu,on • And from Value Chains to Local, Na,onal, Regional and Interna,onal Markets • Linked via Warehouses to Value Chains and Food Processors • BEGIN WITH • Farmers with rights to land and belonging to Farmer Associa,ons • With easy access to seeds, fer,lisers, credit through Agrodealers • Provided by local seed and fer,lizer blending companies and local banks • PLUS • Investments both technological and financial • Poli,cal Leadership and appropriate Enabling Environments
- 7. Sustainably Intensifying the links between farmers Farmer Associations Cooperatives Cereal Banks Contract Farms Outgrowers Farmer Associa,ons Imperial College, London
- 8. Input MarketsInput Markets Imperial College, London
- 12. Maize Cob Sheller Youthful entrepreneurs Uganda Imperial College, London
- 13. URBAN LIVELIHOODS RURAL DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT NATIONAL MARKETS ASSUMED RISK NUTRITION WASTE ADDED VALUE RURAL LIVELIHOODS REGIONAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL MARKETS FOOD PRODUCTION VALUE CHAINS LAND TENURE BUILD RESILIENCE Imperial College, London
- 15. ¡ There is not much more new arable land available and water is scarce ¡ We have to intensify ¡ More with Less ¡ Greater productivity but minimised environmental footprint We have to Intensify Imperial College, London
- 16. But it has to be sustainable • With efficient and prudent use of inputs • Pesticides, herbicides, fertilisers • Minimising emissions of Greenhouse Gases • Methane, nitrous oxide, CO2 • While increasing natural capital and environmental services • Soil moisture, natural enemies of pests • Strengthening Resilience • Reducing environmental impact Imperial College, London
- 18. Microdosing Water Drip Irriga,on Imperial College, London
- 20. Targeted Fer,lisers Mozambique Imperial College, London Blended N, P, K Zn, Mo, Bo, S Plus Lime 4-‐6 tons / ha
- 21. Mul,ple Approaches • Ecology • Gene,cs • Socio-‐economics • plus Integrated Imperial College, London
- 22. • Use ecological principles to design agricultural practices • e.g. – Agroforestry – Integrated Pest Management – Organic farming In Sustainable Ecological Intensifica,on Imperial College, London Intercropping maize and cowpea
- 24. Sustainable Genetic Intensification • Plants more nutritious – carbohydrate and protein – micronutrients (Vit A, iron, zinc) • Plants more resilient to – pests and diseases – climate change • Plants more efficient at – converting sunlight to food – taking up nitrogen from the atmosphere – using water Modern Plant Breeding Sustainable Gene,c Intensifica,on Imperial College, London
- 26. Sustainably Intensifying the links between farmers and markets Kenya Sussex Sustainable Socio-‐economic Intensifica,on Tanzania Imperial College, London
- 27. • Integrated Pest Management (IPM) • Integrated Soil Management (ISM) Integrated Approaches Imperial College, London
- 28. Africa’s Soils are Degrading Rapidly For SSA land degrada,on hotspots affect 26% of the land area The economic loss is about $68 billion a year affec,ng 180 million people Imperial College, London
- 29. Healthy Soils A Healthy Soil is strong in Structure With an op,mal mix of large and small par,cle sizes Providing good permeability and water holding capacity. It is highly fer,le with rich humus and sufficient nutrients for high yields It is also rich in soil biota and contains no pollutants. REPAIR, RESTORE, ENHANCE AND CARE Imperial College, London
- 30. Soil Pit Chimoio, Mozambique Imperial College, London
- 31. Maize plus mulch only Mozambique Imperial College, London
- 32. Combining Conserva,on Agriculture with Microdosing Microdosing Conserva,on Agriculture Imperial College, London
- 33. Emissions con,nue to rise over next century, leading to about 40C above preindustrial IPPC, 2014. Summary for Policy Makers If Greenhouse Gas Emissions remain High Imperial College, London
- 34. More than 5% reduction in length of growing period Average Annual Max Temp > 300C Source: Ericksen et al Mapping hotspots of climate change and food insecurity in the global tropics Climate Smart Soil CLIMATE SMART SOIL HELPS AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS BECOME BETTER ADAPTED AND RESILIENT TO THE ADVERSE EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE, WHILE MINIMISING THE EMISSIONS OF GHGS AND RESTORING THE LOST CARBON IN THE SOIL Imperial College, London
- 35. Adapta,on • Reducing the impact of high temperatures – Eg by Mulching • Conserving moisture – Eg Terracing • Drought Tolerant Varie,es – Eg Maize Imperial College, London
- 36. Increasingly frequent and severe droughts, floods, and storms Fer,le lowlands good crops but can be destroyed during flood Highlands good crops of maize and cassava during flood years, but less produc,ve otherwise hOp://www.geog.ox.ac.uk/research/landscape/projects/adap)v... Eduardo Mondlane Resilience in Nwadjahane, Mozambique Imperial College, London
- 37. Mi,ga,on Imperial College, London
- 38. Carbon Sequestra,on • Key is Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) • SOC lost due to agricultural prac,ces • Can be put back – Conserva,on farming – Agroforestry Imperial College, London
- 39. Risk and The Dynamics of Resilience The Dynamics of Resilience Imperial College, London
- 40. Farmer Innova,on in the Sunderbans India How do we build Resilient Livelihoods? Imperial College, London
- 43. Poli,cal Leadership Imperial College, London President John Kufuor, Ghana President Filipe Nyusi, Mozambique
- 44. Rural Economy Farm Household in a Farmer Association Seed Co Agro dealer Fertiliser Co Banks for microcredit Local trader Connectivity Regional trade National trade Model of Alliance for a Green Revolu,on for Africa (AGRA) An Enabling Environment
- 46. For more info on Ag4Impact, go to: www.ag4impact.org www.canwefeedtheworld.org Contact: gordon@ag4impact.org Twitter:@Ag4Impact Facebook: One Billion Hungry