A Deadly Smoke: Severe Lung Disease Tied To Chemical Found In Flavored e-Cigarettes
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People who want to smoke but without the tar or smell turn to electronic cigarettes or e-cigarettes. Dubbed as the “future of smoking,” the batterypowered vaporizers simulate the feeling of smoking but without burning tobacco. Instead of cigarette smoke, the user inhales an aerosol
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E-cigarettes may help some smokers quit or reduce smoking, according to some studies. Research shows e-cigarettes can reduce cravings and withdrawal symptoms compared to regular cigarettes. However, other studies found e-cigarettes can still expose users to toxic chemicals and negatively impact lung function. Further research is still needed to understand the overall health impacts of e-cigarettes. The FDA is concerned about a lack of regulation and marketing that could increase youth addiction to nicotine.
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Tobacco smoking is a major public health threat for both
smokers and nonsmokers. There is accumulating evidence
demonstrating that smoking causes several human
diseases, including those affecting the cardiovascular system.
Indeed, tobacco smoking is responsible for up to 30% of heart
disease–related deaths in the United States each year.1 This
is the single most preventable risk factor related to the
development of cardiovascular disease, bringing about a trend
toward tobacco harm reduction that started years ago.2 As
tobacco usage declined over time in the United States,
industries introduced an alternative known as electronic
cigarettes (e-cigarettes) claiming they were a healthier
alternative to tobacco smoking.3
Since then, the number of e-cigarette users has increased
significantly because of the perception that they serve as a
healthy substitute to tobacco consumption with minimal or no
harm, a lack of usage regulations (although that has now
changed), and the appealing nature of these devices, among
other reasons.4 Consequently, e-cigarettes became the most
commonly used smoking products, especially among youth,
with more than a 9-fold increase in usage from 2011 to
2015.5 Based on these considerations, it is clear that there
are many unanswered questions regarding the overall safety,
efficacy of harm reduction, and the long-term health impact of
these devices.
Besides their potential negative health effects on users,
there is increasing evidence that e-cigarettes emit considerable
levels of toxicants, such as nicotine, volatile organic
compounds, and carbonyls, in addition to releasing particulate
matter (PM).6,7 Thus, they possess a potential harm to
nonusers either through secondhand or thirdhand exposure.
This is especially the case in vulnerable populations, such as
children, elderly, pregnant females, and those with a history of
108Electronic cigarettes, or e-cigarettes,” are de-vi.docx
108
E
lectronic cigarettes, or “e-cigarettes,” are de-
vices that consist of a battery-operated ele-
ment which heats a mixture of propylene gly-
col, vegetable glycerin, liquid nicotine and flavor-
ings for the user to inhale. Whereas their overall
safety, as well as their role in smoking cessation, is
the topic of ongoing debate,1 there is no doubt that
the prevalence of e-cigarette use has increased rap-
idly among all age groups.2,3 Among adolescents,
nationally-representative estimates indicate that
past 30-day use for e-cigarettes is higher than con-
ventional cigarettes, and a considerable proportion
of e-cigarette users are dual users of cigarettes.4
That is, a nontrivial number of adolescents—2.2%
of 8th graders, 4.3% of 10th graders and 7.3% of
12th graders— reported using both e-cigarettes and
cigarettes in the past 30 days.4 Several e-cigarette
product features are raising concerns about the
potential to appeal to youth. For example, charac-
teristics such as candy flavorings and easy access
have been implicated as reasons for youth experi-
mentation.5 E-cigarettes also are marketed heavily
on the Internet. A content analysis of e-cigarette
retail websites found frequent appeals to youth
such as use by celebrities, enhanced social activ-
ity, and romance.6
Adolescent Dual Product Use
Increasingly, youth who use tobacco products
are using more than one type of product.7,8 Be-
tween 2002 and 2011, rates of poly-tobacco use
increased significantly among users under age 26.9
According to estimates from the National Youth To-
bacco Survey, the majority of current tobacco us-
ers in middle and high school report use of more
than one tobacco product.10,11 Thus, use of mul-
tiple tobacco products by youth is more common
than exclusive use of one product alone. As such,
it is important to understand the correlates asso-
ciated with and characteristics of adolescent us-
ers of multiple tobacco products. To date, evidence
Maria Cooper, Post-doctoral Fellow, Kathleen R. Case, Pre-
doctoral Fellow, MeLisa R. Creamer, Faculty Associate, and
Cheryl L. Perry, Professor and Regional Dean, University of
Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public
Health, Austin Regional Campus, Austin, TX. Alexandra Lou-
kas, Professor, University of Texas at Austin, Department of
Kinesiology and Health Education, Austin, TX.
Contact Dr Loukas; [email protected]
E-cigarette Dual Users, Exclusive Users
and Perceptions of Tobacco Products
Maria Cooper, PhD; Kathleen R. Case, MPH; Alexandra Loukas, PhD;
MeLisa R. Creamer, PhD; Cheryl L. Perry, PhD
Objectives: We examined differences in
the characteristics of youth non-users,
cigarette-only, e-cigarette-only, and dual
e-cigarette and cigarette users. Methods:
Using weighted, representative data, lo-
gistic regression analyses were conducted
to examine differences in demographic
characteristics and tobacco use behav-
iors across tobacco usage groups. Multi-
ple l.
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Parrish Medical Center | survey finds support for banning e cigarettes for kidsParrish_Medical_Center
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This document discusses teen vaping and the risks associated with electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) like e-cigarettes. It summarizes that vaping among teens has increased dramatically in recent years, with over 3 million middle and high school students reporting e-cigarette use in 2015. The document explores the health risks of vaping nicotine and other substances to the developing brains of youth. It also discusses how targeted advertising and appealing flavors attract teens to vaping without awareness of health risks. The document calls for public awareness efforts and parental guidance to address this emerging public health issue.
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A study of 1,300 college students found that of the 43 students whose initial nicotine exposure was from e-cigarettes, only 1 went on to smoke regular tobacco cigarettes. This contradicts claims that e-cigarettes act as a gateway to smoking. While some public health groups worry e-cigarettes could increase youth nicotine addiction, this study found that the vast majority of students who started with e-cigarettes were not currently using nicotine or tobacco products. The issue of whether e-cigarettes truly lead youth to smoking, and increased nicotine addiction, or if they can benefit public health requires more research.
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E-cigarettes have been controversial since being introduced over 10 years ago. There are ongoing debates around their potential health risks, effectiveness for smoking cessation, appropriate regulation, and the involvement of tobacco companies. Studies have shown mixed results on whether e-cigarettes help smoking cessation and their long-term health effects are still unclear due to lack of research and conflicting reports. Various organizations and experts disagree on the appropriate regulatory approach and how the risks of e-cigarettes compare to conventional cigarettes. The controversies surrounding e-cigarettes are complex with arguments on both sides and no consensus on important issues related to public health.
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This is a research proposal on the need of establishing smoking zone in public places. I had prepared it as a project work for the course of Research methodology.
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E-cigarette vapors have been found to contain the same potentially dangerous chemicals as traditional cigarette smoke, including free radicals that can damage cells. A study exposed mice to e-cigarette vapor and found they were significantly more likely to develop compromised immune responses when exposed to viruses or bacteria afterwards, and in some cases the mice were killed. While e-cigarette vapor contains far fewer free radicals than cigarette smoke, their presence still suggests potential health risks, according to researchers. Experts note that both traditional cigarettes and e-cigarettes are sources of nicotine, and nicotine intake from e-cigarettes can approximate that of cigarette smokers.
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This document summarizes a study on assessing the knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs of college students at risk of becoming first-time electronic cigarette users. The study found high awareness but also openness to trying e-cigarettes among students. Based on testing message designs with the target group, designs depicting a hand with text, an aerosol spray can, and an infographic were most effective. The study concluded these three designs should be implemented and evaluated for an e-cigarette health communication campaign on campus.
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E-cigarettes provide an alternative to nicotine delivery through vapor rather than smoke. While they may be less harmful than conventional cigarettes, there are still health risks and unknown long-term effects. The document discusses both sides of the debate around e-cigarettes. Some view them as a harm reduction tool that can help smokers quit, while others are concerned they could renormalize smoking behaviors and expose users to carcinogens. Long-term studies are still needed to fully understand the safety profile of e-cigarettes and their impacts on public health.
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Little over a decade since their launch, electronic cigarettes (ECs) today represent a global
industry with sales exceeding US$6 billion last year. Yet the devices have increasingly
generated heated debate surrounding their safety, efficacy and regulatory control, while
advocates of the immediate formal use of ECs opine their usefulness in reducing the
burden of smoking-related disease – other experts urge caution until more information
and better evidence become available. Dr Robert Combes reports.
The pros and cons of e- cigarettes
E-cigarettes may help some smokers quit or reduce smoking, according to some studies. Research shows e-cigarettes can reduce cravings and withdrawal symptoms compared to regular cigarettes. However, other studies found e-cigarettes can still expose users to toxic chemicals and negatively impact lung function. Further research is still needed to understand the overall health impacts of e-cigarettes. The FDA is concerned about a lack of regulation and marketing that could increase youth addiction to nicotine.
Cigarettes on the cardiovascular system
Tobacco smoking is a major public health threat for both
smokers and nonsmokers. There is accumulating evidence
demonstrating that smoking causes several human
diseases, including those affecting the cardiovascular system.
Indeed, tobacco smoking is responsible for up to 30% of heart
disease–related deaths in the United States each year.1 This
is the single most preventable risk factor related to the
development of cardiovascular disease, bringing about a trend
toward tobacco harm reduction that started years ago.2 As
tobacco usage declined over time in the United States,
industries introduced an alternative known as electronic
cigarettes (e-cigarettes) claiming they were a healthier
alternative to tobacco smoking.3
Since then, the number of e-cigarette users has increased
significantly because of the perception that they serve as a
healthy substitute to tobacco consumption with minimal or no
harm, a lack of usage regulations (although that has now
changed), and the appealing nature of these devices, among
other reasons.4 Consequently, e-cigarettes became the most
commonly used smoking products, especially among youth,
with more than a 9-fold increase in usage from 2011 to
2015.5 Based on these considerations, it is clear that there
are many unanswered questions regarding the overall safety,
efficacy of harm reduction, and the long-term health impact of
these devices.
Besides their potential negative health effects on users,
there is increasing evidence that e-cigarettes emit considerable
levels of toxicants, such as nicotine, volatile organic
compounds, and carbonyls, in addition to releasing particulate
matter (PM).6,7 Thus, they possess a potential harm to
nonusers either through secondhand or thirdhand exposure.
This is especially the case in vulnerable populations, such as
children, elderly, pregnant females, and those with a history of
108Electronic cigarettes, or e-cigarettes,” are de-vi.docx
108
E
lectronic cigarettes, or “e-cigarettes,” are de-
vices that consist of a battery-operated ele-
ment which heats a mixture of propylene gly-
col, vegetable glycerin, liquid nicotine and flavor-
ings for the user to inhale. Whereas their overall
safety, as well as their role in smoking cessation, is
the topic of ongoing debate,1 there is no doubt that
the prevalence of e-cigarette use has increased rap-
idly among all age groups.2,3 Among adolescents,
nationally-representative estimates indicate that
past 30-day use for e-cigarettes is higher than con-
ventional cigarettes, and a considerable proportion
of e-cigarette users are dual users of cigarettes.4
That is, a nontrivial number of adolescents—2.2%
of 8th graders, 4.3% of 10th graders and 7.3% of
12th graders— reported using both e-cigarettes and
cigarettes in the past 30 days.4 Several e-cigarette
product features are raising concerns about the
potential to appeal to youth. For example, charac-
teristics such as candy flavorings and easy access
have been implicated as reasons for youth experi-
mentation.5 E-cigarettes also are marketed heavily
on the Internet. A content analysis of e-cigarette
retail websites found frequent appeals to youth
such as use by celebrities, enhanced social activ-
ity, and romance.6
Adolescent Dual Product Use
Increasingly, youth who use tobacco products
are using more than one type of product.7,8 Be-
tween 2002 and 2011, rates of poly-tobacco use
increased significantly among users under age 26.9
According to estimates from the National Youth To-
bacco Survey, the majority of current tobacco us-
ers in middle and high school report use of more
than one tobacco product.10,11 Thus, use of mul-
tiple tobacco products by youth is more common
than exclusive use of one product alone. As such,
it is important to understand the correlates asso-
ciated with and characteristics of adolescent us-
ers of multiple tobacco products. To date, evidence
Maria Cooper, Post-doctoral Fellow, Kathleen R. Case, Pre-
doctoral Fellow, MeLisa R. Creamer, Faculty Associate, and
Cheryl L. Perry, Professor and Regional Dean, University of
Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public
Health, Austin Regional Campus, Austin, TX. Alexandra Lou-
kas, Professor, University of Texas at Austin, Department of
Kinesiology and Health Education, Austin, TX.
Contact Dr Loukas; [email protected]
E-cigarette Dual Users, Exclusive Users
and Perceptions of Tobacco Products
Maria Cooper, PhD; Kathleen R. Case, MPH; Alexandra Loukas, PhD;
MeLisa R. Creamer, PhD; Cheryl L. Perry, PhD
Objectives: We examined differences in
the characteristics of youth non-users,
cigarette-only, e-cigarette-only, and dual
e-cigarette and cigarette users. Methods:
Using weighted, representative data, lo-
gistic regression analyses were conducted
to examine differences in demographic
characteristics and tobacco use behav-
iors across tobacco usage groups. Multi-
ple l.
Tobacco Harm Reduction - an introduction
This document provides an introduction to tobacco harm reduction and alternative nicotine products such as e-cigarettes. It summarizes statements from public health organizations that find e-cigarettes to be much less harmful than combustible cigarettes. Research shows e-cigarettes help smokers quit at the population level and are effective cessation tools. The document argues for risk-proportionate regulation and taxation of nicotine products to incentivize smokers to switch to less harmful options and further reduce smoking rates.
Top 10 Vapor Facts
This document provides 10 facts about vapor products that aim to dispel common misconceptions. It states that vapor products are not tobacco products, do not combust like cigarettes, and do not pose the same public health risks as smoking. The document also notes that flavors appeal more to adult smokers and vapers than youth, most vapers are former smokers, and vapor products are not a gateway to youth smoking.
Innovation for Consumers: E-cigarettes and novel tobacco products - Part of t...
This document discusses e-cigarettes and novel tobacco products. It argues that they are substantially less harmful than combustible cigarettes and have the potential to significantly reduce smoking rates and associated deaths. However, regulations should balance this potential benefit with preventing unintended consequences like perpetuating smoking or increasing youth uptake. The document proposes risk-proportionate regulations and taxes to incentivize switching from cigarettes, along with standards, marketing restrictions, and age limits, while ensuring products remain appealing to smokers trying to quit. The goal is harm reduction for populations according to the WHO framework convention on tobacco control.
E cigarettes vaping and vaping induced lung injury EVALI
New forms of tobacco like vaping and hookah use have risen among young adults despite efforts to reduce cigarette smoking. While e-cigarettes may be less harmful than cigarettes and potentially help smoking cessation, they still contain toxic chemicals like nicotine, formaldehyde, and heavy metals. An outbreak of EVALI (e-cigarette or vaping associated lung injury) has caused over 2,000 illnesses and 47 deaths in the US linked to vaping THC products containing vitamin E acetate. Long-term studies are still needed to determine e-cigarettes' effectiveness for smoking cessation and their effects on youth uptake of smoking. The best option is to avoid vaping and follow established smoking cessation programs instead of un
Dual Users and Electronic Cigarette Only Users: Consumption and Characteristics
Dual Users and Electronic Cigarette Only Users: Consumption and CharacteristicsHealthcare and Medical Sciences
This study compared characteristics and consumption patterns of dual users (combustible cigarette and e-cigarette users) to e-cigarette only users. The study found that e-cigarette only users consumed higher levels of nicotine in e-juice and more e-juice per month than dual users. Dual users consumed nicotine significantly sooner after waking than e-cigarette only users. A regression analysis indicated that higher e-juice consumption and later first nicotine exposure after waking were associated with being an e-cigarette only user. The findings provide insight into differences between dual and e-cigarette only users to inform regulation and health messaging about e-cigarettes.Parrish Medical Center | survey finds support for banning e cigarettes for kids
Parrish Medical Center | survey finds support for banning e cigarettes for kidsParrish_Medical_Center
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CON T EMPORARYP ED I AT R I C S . C O M A U G U S T 2 0.docx
CON T EMPORARYP ED I AT R I C S . C O M A U G U S T 2 0.docx
Bareham et al E-Cigarettes Controversies within the controversy
Bareham et al E-Cigarettes Controversies within the controversy
The need for establishing Smoking Zone in public places like College
The need for establishing Smoking Zone in public places like College
108Electronic cigarettes, or e-cigarettes,” are de-vi.docx
108Electronic cigarettes, or e-cigarettes,” are de-vi.docx
Innovation for Consumers: E-cigarettes and novel tobacco products - Part of t...
Innovation for Consumers: E-cigarettes and novel tobacco products - Part of t...
E cigarettes vaping and vaping induced lung injury EVALI
E cigarettes vaping and vaping induced lung injury EVALI
Dual Users and Electronic Cigarette Only Users: Consumption and Characteristics
Dual Users and Electronic Cigarette Only Users: Consumption and Characteristics
Parrish Medical Center | survey finds support for banning e cigarettes for kids
Parrish Medical Center | survey finds support for banning e cigarettes for kids
More from Dr. Lisa Marie Cannon
OSA recommended only for patients with unexplained daytime sleepiness
The American College of Physicians (ACP) now recommends that sleep studies to look for obstructive sleep apnea should be reserved for patients with unexplained cases of daytime sleepiness, and that home testing will do for most patients.
Pneumonia During Pregnancy:
Pneumonia is a medical condition where bacteria infect the lungs. This causes difficulty in breathing, and in some cases, severe chills, fever, and headaches. Pneumonia is a serious condition and medical professionals recommend immediate intervention once initial symptoms appear.
Eat well and breathe better with these healthboosting foods
Diet can also affect a person’s respiratory health. Eating nutritious foods can improve how the body reacts to pollutants and allergens. It can also boost immunity, especially for those with preexisting respiratory conditions. Lisa M. Cannon, M.D., shares the top foods for better lung health.
Consider these things when choosing a face mask
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the CDC recommends every individual, both sick and healthy, to wear a mask to prevent the spread of COVID-19. Many types of face coverings exist, and each one of them has different levels of effectiveness.
Two birds with one stone: The benets of quitting smoking for the lungs and sleep
Two birds with one stone: The benets of quitting smoking for the lungs and sleepDr. Lisa Marie Cannon
A lot of people would find it amusing at the very least that many of their health concerns and issues are connected with one another. Lisa M. Cannon, M.D., cites the connection of smoking and sleep as a perfect example of it.Swimming in saltwater: The greatest lung exercise with a twist
Ask any health and fitness expert in the world what they think are the greatest exercises known to man when it comes to supercharging the lungs, nine out of 10 will mention swimming in the top three.
Eat well and breathe better with these healthboosting foods
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What causes people to snore?
Millions of people snore when they sleep. Genetic factors could cause snoring, as well as one’s sleeping position or underlying health condition. According to sleep medicine specialist Lisa M. Cannon, M.D., the sound is caused by a heavy flow of air that blocks the breathing pathways. This can cause vibration in areas such as the soft palate, uvula, tongue, and others. The space in the airways diminishes as muscles in the neck and throat relax along with the rest of the body.
A practical guide to getting better sleep
Millions of people suffer from sleep disorders, with insomnia being the most common. To remain fit and healthy, it’s also important to develop the right sleeping habits. For those who are having difficulties with getting good shuteye, Lisa M. Cannon, M.D., suggests simple breathing exercises. Here are some methods worth trying.
Study: Frequent Religious Service Attendance Linked To Reduced Death Risk In ...
Study: Frequent Religious Service Attendance Linked To Reduced Death Risk In ...Dr. Lisa Marie Cannon
Much have been said about how faith and spirituality can lower stress levels and improve mental health. It makes sense considering that there are people who rely on faith at some point to get them through the hard times. Now, a new study adds to the growing body of evidence citing the connection between faith and mortality.Five home remedies for asthma
The cases of asthma attacks have increased dramatically over the past decade. In fact, the American Academy of Allergy Asthma and Immunology estimates that 300 million people worldwide suffer from asthma, a figure that leads to 250 deaths yearly.
Study: Obese patients more likely to survive from sepsis
Researchers from the University of Michigan found that obese patients had higher survival rates from sepsis than normal weight patients. A study of over 1,400 Medicare patients found heavier patients who got sepsis were more likely to survive. While many doctors believe obese patients will do worse with conditions like sepsis, this study found they actually have lower mortality and similar functional outcomes as normal weight patients. However, maintaining a normal weight still has many health benefits overall. Understanding how body weight impacts responses to critical illnesses can help improve care for sepsis and other conditions.
New study links cancer-related incidental pulmonary embolism to VTE
A recent article discussed the relationship between cancer and incidental pulmonary embolism (IPE). In the study, it was found that cancer patients who have this comorbid condition should ask their specialist for a long-term anticoagulant treatment. Analysts found that the risk of developing symptomatic recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) doubled among patients who did not receive an anticoagulant treatment
How To Deal With Sleepwalking
Sleepwalking, also known as somnambulism, affects around 1.5% of adults and 5% of children, where individuals engage in activities like walking or sitting while appearing awake but having no memory and occurring during slow-wave sleep. While usually harmless, there have been reports of dangerous behaviors resulting in injuries. There are no proven interventions to stop occurrences, but risks can be minimized through sufficient sleep, avoiding triggers, and creating a relaxing routine. Sleepwalking is often outgrown, but persistent cases should be checked by a sleep specialist.
Effects of smoking on exercise and physical fitness
It has long been established that cigarette smoking puts one at risk of many health problems. Practiced by more than one billion people in the world, tobacco smoking is a popular attachment in the society. Some smokers who desire to be fit and healthy incorporate exercise in their daily routine. How can smoking affect physical fitness?
Understanding The Link Between Adhd And Sleep Disorder
Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) exhibit hyperactivity, inattentiveness, or impulsivity. They usually have trouble focusing on a task, sitting still, or controlling emotions and behaviors. Mental and physical restlessness affect kids with ADHD even while they are sleeping.
Valley fever: Recognizing the causes and symptoms of coccidioidomycosis
Coccidioidomycosis or cocci is a fungal infection endemic in arid regions, such as the southwestern United States, northern Mexico, and parts of South and Central America.
Lung cancer screening: What to expect
Lung cancer causes more deaths than any other type of cancer. Timely screening can help doctors diagnose early the beginning stages of the disease, even before the appearance of symptoms.
Tackling the challenges of respiratory medicine
Respiratory medicine still faces many challenges that are brought on by modern lifestyles. The population is aging, many individuals are still unable to quit smoking, and environmental factors, like air pollution, remain largely unsolved. With these, the global burden of respiratory disease has been predicted to continue increasing in the years to come.
Swimming in saltwater: The greatest lung exercise with a twist
Ask any health and fitness expert in the world what they think are the greatest exercises known to man when it comes to supercharging the lungs, nine out of 10 will mention swimming in the top three
More from Dr. Lisa Marie Cannon (20)
OSA recommended only for patients with unexplained daytime sleepiness
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Eat well and breathe better with these healthboosting foods
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Two birds with one stone: The benets of quitting smoking for the lungs and sleep
Two birds with one stone: The benets of quitting smoking for the lungs and sleep
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Swimming in saltwater: The greatest lung exercise with a twist
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Eat well and breathe better with these healthboosting foods
Study: Frequent Religious Service Attendance Linked To Reduced Death Risk In ...
Study: Frequent Religious Service Attendance Linked To Reduced Death Risk In ...
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Valley fever: Recognizing the causes and symptoms of coccidioidomycosis
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Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
Widespread adoption of cell therapies will not only require strong efficacy and safety data, but also adapted pricing and access strategies. At oncology-based price points, CAR-Ts are unlikely to achieve broad market access in autoimmune disorders, with eligible patient populations that are potentially orders of magnitude greater than the number of currently addressable cancer patients. Developers have made strides towards reducing cell therapy COGS while improving manufacturing efficiency, but payors will inevitably restrict access until more sustainable pricing is achieved.
Despite these headwinds, industry leaders and investors remain confident that cell therapies are poised to address significant unmet need in patients suffering from autoimmune disorders. However, the extent of this impact on the treatment landscape remains to be seen, as the industry rapidly approaches an inflection point.
TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by...
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Artificial Intelligence Symposium (THAIS)
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• Pitfalls and pivots needed to use AI effectively in public health
• Evidence-based strategies to address health misinformation effectively
• Building trust with communities online and offline
• Equipping health professionals to address questions, concerns and health misinformation
• Assessing risk and mitigating harm from adverse health narratives in communities, health workforce and health system
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Swisschem Dermacare has mentioned the List of The Best Antifungal Soap In India 2022. All of these soaps are trusted by various Dermatology Experts.
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We’re talking about Vedic Meditation, a form of meditation that has been around for at least 5,000 years. Back then, the people who lived in the Indus Valley, now known as India and Pakistan, practised meditation as a fundamental part of daily life. This knowledge that has given us yoga and Ayurveda, was known as Veda, hence the name Vedic. And though there are some written records, the practice has been passed down verbally from generation to generation.Clinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa Central
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The Nervous and Chemical Regulation of Respiration
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a simplified look into the mechanisms involved in the regulation of respiration:
Learning objectives:
1. Describe the organisation of respiratory center
2. Describe the nervous control of inspiration and respiratory rhythm
3. Describe the functions of the dorsal and respiratory groups of neurons
4. Describe the influences of the Pneumotaxic and Apneustic centers
5. Explain the role of Hering-Breur inflation reflex in regulation of inspiration
6. Explain the role of central chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
7. Explain the role of peripheral chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
8. Explain the regulation of respiration during exercise
9. Integrate the respiratory regulatory mechanisms
10. Describe the Cheyne-Stokes breathing
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 42, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 36, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 13, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
Journal Article Review on Rasamanikya
Rasamanikya is a excellent preparation in the field of Rasashastra, it is used in various Kushtha Roga, Shwasa, Vicharchika, Bhagandara, Vatarakta, and Phiranga Roga. In this article Preparation& Comparative analytical profile for both Formulationon i.e Rasamanikya prepared by Kushmanda swarasa & Churnodhaka Shodita Haratala. The study aims to provide insights into the comparative efficacy and analytical aspects of these formulations for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
Hemodialysis: Chapter 4, Dialysate Circuit - Dr.Gawad
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/kqbnxVAZs-0
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/SINlygW1Mpc
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Efficacy of Avartana Sneha in Ayurveda
Avartana Sneha is a unique method of Preparation of Sneha Kalpana in Ayurveda, mainly it is indicated for the Vataja rogas.
Integrating Ayurveda into Parkinson’s Management: A Holistic Approach
Explore the benefits of combining Ayurveda with conventional Parkinson's treatments. Learn how a holistic approach can manage symptoms, enhance well-being, and balance body energies. Discover the steps to safely integrate Ayurvedic practices into your Parkinson’s care plan, including expert guidance on diet, herbal remedies, and lifestyle modifications.
Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...
Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
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A Deadly Smoke: Severe Lung Disease Tied To Chemical Found In Flavored e-Cigarettes
- 1. Image source: livescience.com A Deadly Smoke: Severe Lung Disease Tied To Chemical Found In Flavored e-Cigarettes People who want to smoke but without the tar or smell turn to electronic cigarettes or e-cigarettes. Dubbed as the “future of smoking,” the battery- powered vaporizers simulate the feeling of smoking but without burning tobacco. Instead of cigarette smoke, the user inhales an aerosol. Although there are no official statistics as to how many Americans use e- cigarettes, market observers agree that more people are trying these devices out. In fact, interest in these devices is highest among young adults. But with the growing popularity of e-cigarettes come health issues. Despite being marketed as an alternative to smoking, e-cigarette safety concerns grow as several studies found some of the chemicals used unsafe to inhale. And the latest research to join this growing body of literature is that from Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. The researchers wanted to find out if flavored e-cigarettes, which are very popular especially among the youth, contain the chemical diacetyl. After testing 51 types of flavored e-cigarettes sold by leading brands, researchers found diacetyl in more than 75 percent of the e-cigarettes and refill liquids. Previous reports have shown the link between diacetyl and severe cases of respiratory disease. In fact, both the Occupational Safety and Health Administration and the flavoring industry have issued warnings about the chemical, which was associated with the debilitating respiratory disease bronchiolitis obliterans, or “Popcorn Lung” for it was first observed in workers who inhaled artificial butter flavor in microwave popcorn processing facilities.
- 2. Image source: nytimes.com Meanwhile, the researchers also found two other potentially harmful compounds, 2,3- pentanedione and acetoin, in many of the tested flavors. Researchers recommend urgent action to evaluate further the impact of diacetyl exposure via flavored e-cigarettes. Most of the studies on e- cigarettes today focused on nicotine while the effects of flavoring chemicals have been ignored. Keep track of the latest studies on respiratory health by following this Dr. Lisa Marie Cannon Twitter account.