 Our idea is to convert the Waste to Wealth (W2W)  Detailed investigation regarding the quantity and types of waste  Survey was conducted to get the feedback of local people (Face to Face Interview – 250 families & Online Survey- 50 individuals)  Verified the effectiveness of the landfill site  Laboratory tests are made to find out the suitable Waste Processing  From the results obtained, Decided to implement Vermi-composting for biodegradable waste & waste recovery centre for non-biodegradables  Business proposal had been prepared for annual income of ₹ 1.5 crore

1. Authors:
Gangainathan A
Veeraraghavan S
Senguttuvan R
Institution:
School of Civil Engineering
SASTRA University
Thanjavur

2. INTRODUCTION
o Solid Waste Management refers to handling of waste in Eco-friendly way
o It is responsible for generated waste from source to disposal
o Municipal solid waste includes household wastes, commercial wastes and
waste from street wash by a municipality
o Effectively managed by converting Waste into Wealth (W2W)
SANITATION + BUSINESS = SWM

3. OBJECTIVES
The main aim is to study the different concepts of Solid Waste
Management in sub urban area
o To assess the quantity of solid waste generated
o To get pros and cons from people in SWM activities
o To check effectiveness of Landfill site
o To prepare business proposal for converting waste

4. ABSTRACT
o Study area is Pattukkottai Municipality
o Our idea is to convert waste to wealth (W2W) and it helps in improve the
sanitation for a hygienic environment
o Detailed Investigation – the quantity & the types of waste generated
o Survey - to identify the problems faced by the local people & visitors
o Laboratory tests – to find out the suitable waste processing technique
o Determined the effectiveness of the Landfill site
o From the results obtained, we have decided to implement
Vermi-composting → Bio-degradable wastes
Waste resale centre → Non-bio-degradable wastes(Recyclable)
o Business Proposal was prepared

5. STUDY AREA
o Area chosen for our case-study is Pattukkottai Municipality
o It is located at 10.43°N 79.32°E along the south-east coast of India in
the East-central region of Tamil Nadu
o Selection Grade Municipality in Thanjavur district, Tamilnadu
o It is divided into 33 wards
Area 21.83 sq.km
Length of streets 94.947 km
Altitude 27m from MSL
Annual rainfall 1075.33mm
Population 73097
Literates rate 77%
Male-Female ratio 1 : 1.009
Soil Alluvial

6. INVESTIGATION
o Year of MSWM commenced – 2002
o Population present - 73097
o Waste generated per day – 35 Tonnes
o Per capita waste generation – 0.48 kg
o No. of Line (route) - 2
HUMAN RESOURCE MATERIAL RESOURCE
Type of Material Available
Compactor bins 50
Tricycle 47
Tipper lorry 2
Dumper placer 2
Destination Number
Sanitary Officer 1
Sanitary Inspector 2
Supervisor 6
Permanent workers 83
Temporary workers 65
Total 157

7. Collection
o Once in a day during morning time
o Door to door collection method
o Not covering the outer areas
Sorting
o No sorting but some arrangements
made according to Govt. rules
Transport
o Using Tri-cycles & Mini-lorries
o Extra care to be taken to prevent
the waste flying outwards
Treatment
o No treatment of wastes before disposal
Disposal
o Open dumping of waste easily got fired
o Possibility of Air pollution in landfill site
Disposal
Treatment
Transport
Sorting
Collection
Maximum
Credit for Functional
elements of SWM (Max 5)

8. 35%
9%
15%
2.5%
1%
0.5%
37%
Food waste
Paper
Grass/Leaves
Plastic
Glass/Ceramics
Metal
Ash,Dust & Earth
matters

9. o Questionnaire is prepared in TAMIL
o To identify the problem faced by the people
Face to Face Interview – 250 families
Online survey - 50 persons
71%
29%
Awareness of difference b/w
wastes
Yes
No
90
10
%
Toilet facility
Yes
No
24%
76%
Disposal of waste
Open
place
Municipa
l colony
45%
55%
Drainage
Blockage
Yes
No

10. 48%
6%
23%
15%
59%
Mosquito menace
Firing
Badsmell
Fly nuisance
Rodents
Difficulty faced
35%
65%
Business
Opportunities
Yes
No
6%
22%
53%
16%
4%
1
2
3
4
5
Sanitary condition of
Municipality
77%
23%
Willingness to
segregate at source
Yes
No
60
%
40
%
Pay Charges
Yes
No

11. PARAMETERS DATA STANDARDS
pH 7.8 5 to 9
Organic Carbon 11.2 % 9.8 - 13.4 %
Nitrogen 0.42% 0.41 to 1.61 %
C/N ratio 28 26 - 31
Moisture content 54% 50 – 60%
o Waste samples were collected from the different sectors of Municipality
o Separated Bio-degradable waste were tested at Krishi Vigyan Kendra
(KVK) near Sengipatti, Thanjavur
From result obtained, Decided to implement
VERMI-COMPOSTING

12. Location criteria
o Occur in upper area
o Ground water Table > 2m
o Partial Fencing
o No proper Dumping
o River flows < 30m
Leachate Analysis
Ground water quality around site is within permissible limit
s
PARAMETER UNIT SAMPLE 1 SAMPLE 2 SAMPLE 3 SAMPLE 4 STANDARDS
pH 7.12 7.09 6.85 6.9 6.5 – 8.5
Hardness mg/l 440 425 386 388 300 - 600
DO mg/l 5.9 6.1 6.6 7.5 4 – 8
TDS mg/l 685 670 625 630 500 - 1500
Salinity mg/l 780 720 665 680 Less than 2500
Alkanity mg/l 375 352 367 320 200 - 600

13. o Use of earth-worms for Composting Bio-degradable waste
o Compost used as Bio-fertilizer
o Considered a gardener’s gold for being nutrient rich
o Can a sell excess Earth-worms
DESCRIPTION DATA
Total Amount 35 tonnes
Bio-degradable waste 17.5 tonnes
Amount of Vermi-compost 7 tonnes
Cost per unit weight of kg INR 2
Total income per day INR 14000
Total income per annum INR 51.1 lakhs

14. Resale the Non-biodegradable waste

 Cost - INR 11200 per day
Total Income – INR 98.375 Lakhs pa
TOTAL INCOME FOR MUNICIPALITY BY SOLID
WASTE PER ANNUM
Types of
Waste
Amount of
Waste (kg)
Cost
(INR)
Paper 3150 15750
Plastics 875 7000
Glass 350 700
Metals 175 3500

15. Direct Benefits – Money
Indirect Benefits – Healthy Life, Hygienic Environment
Fixed Investment 3 Crores
Varying Investment 0.25 Crores
Income 1.5 Crores
Profit 1.25 Crores
Percentage return
on Investment
41.66 %
i.e. 2.5 years