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A Case for Volunteer (Amateur Radio) Emcomm

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Joseph Ames
Joseph Ames

Presentation given to senior executives of Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency about amateur radio resources available for emergency communications. The presentation was prepared at the request of Mr Tim Baughman, Deputy Director, for the inaugural meeting of PEMA's Auxiliary Communications System Steering Committee in June 2013 at PEMA's headquarters in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

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PEMA ACS Steering Committee Spring 2013 rev 2
About Amateur Radio FCC licensed radio enthusiasts • 750,000 hams in USA • 37,398 hams in Pennsylvania Amateur Radio Service • FCC Rules Part 97 • Voluntary,noncommercial communication service particularly with respect to providing emergency communications • Expansion of the existing reservoir of trained operators, technicians and electronics experts • Station and Operator are granted separate operating authority via license • Generous grants of frequencies, modes; broad discretion in power, antenna and locations • Examination-based operator licenses with three classes:Technician,General, Amateur Extra Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service (“RACES”) • Allows civil defense transmissions using Amateur Radio under a PresidentialWar Powers Act declaration,47 USC §606 per 47 USC §97.407 (FCC Part 97 Subpart E, “RACES”) • Stations must be registered by a civil defense organization • Operators must be FCC licensed and certified as enrolled in that civil defense organization • Communications restricted to certified civil defense stations • Certification is valid only within the territory of the sponsoring civil defense organization • Non-emergency training operations restricted to one hour per week and up to two State authorized drills per year, not to exceed 72 hours duration each 6/15/2013 2ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm Partner
About ARRL The National Association for Amateur Radio • More than 160,000 dues paying members • 5,739 members in Pennsylvania • 15 Divisions • 71 Sections • More than 2,000 affiliated radio clubs • Trivia: ARRL’s diamond logo is the schematic diagram for a simple radio! 100Years of Service • Founded in 1914 by Hiram Percy Maxim,“W1AW” • Non-profit educational institution headquartered in Newington, CT • All 50 states, D.C., USVirgin Islands • Elected Board of Directors • Current President is Kay Cragie N3KN (late of Paoli, Chester County) Mission: to Promote and Advance Amateur Radio • Public Service • Advocacy • Education • Technology • Membership 6/15/2013 3ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm Partner
The Go-to Emcomm NGO ARRLTrusted Partnerships Proven Management Field Operations Education & Training Consulting Expertise 6/15/2013 4ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm Partner
ARRL Public Service Timeline 6/15/2013 ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm Partner 5 ARRL organized radiogram relays at its founding in 1914 • “Trunk Lines” similar to telegraph and telephone – “point-to-point” in today’s jargon ARRL Emergency Corps (AEC) established 1935 • Renamed Amateur Radio Emergency Corps (AREC) in 1951 • Made emergency division of ARPSC in 1963 • Current name Amateur Radio Emergency Service (ARES) was adopted in 1978 NTS organized in 1949 • Regularized point-to-point and ad hoc traffic relay with state-of-the-art network design • Scalable and disciplined“Hub and Spoke” or “Star Schema” ARRL & FCC create RACES in1952 • Based on WWII-era “War Emergency Radio Service” • Subpart F permits transmissions during PresidentialWar Powers Act declaration • Extremely rare – only once in postWWII-era (and that is perhaps an urban legend) • With end of DOD/FCDA*,RACES was orphaned to the discretion of state and local governments Amateur Radio Public Service Corps chartered in 1963 • Now simply,“the Field Organization” * Federal Civilian Defense Administration
National MOUs ARRL ARC APC O BSA Citize n Corps CAP FCC FEMA NFCC NVOA D REAC T SATE RN SKY- WAR N SBE US Power Sqdn 6/15/2013 6ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm NGO Clockwise: ARC APCO BSA Citizen Corps CAP FCC FEMA NFCC NVOAD REACT SATERN SKYWARN SBE USPS
AVolunteer Emcomm Solution 6/15/2013 ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm Partner 7 Partner with ARRL for program management • Frees PEMA’s budget and manpower for primary mission • Leverage ARRL’s core competency: volunteer emcomm management ARRL’s value proposition • Organization: leverage League’s existing structures and networks • Program Management: from strategy to implementation,at state, county and local levels • Equipment: substantial private inventory of interoperable assets • Relationships: in many counties and metro EMAs • Accountability: from qualified and respected leaders • Training: broadly available, cost-effective, rigorous and flexible to your requirements • Efficiency:through single-source provider concept PEMA retains policy control • Authority and scope of program • Service level agreements (SLA) • Statewide certification requirements • Single POC for program management and reporting • Minimal PEMA overhead and resource commitment
6/15/2013 ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm Partner 8 Links to existing PEMA command structures • State level: standards and coordination • Local level: operations and command • ARESMAT addresses escalation demands internally Facilitated integration of Disaster Response NGOs • Existing MOUs in many cases • Integration on a logical, needs-driven basis • Respects existing—and dedicated—missions while ensuring full capability in disaster Unbeatable Cost-Benefit Ratio • ARRL,ARES, and NTS are completely volunteer organizations • Operators come with substantial equipment and training • Additional training requirements can leverage PEMA or ARRL methodologies Benefits to ARRL • A prestigious new partnership • Continued justification for Amateur spectrum allocation • Civic goodwill and community visibility • Targeted recruiting opportunities • Fulfillment of our public service mission • Personal satisfaction from a worthy endeavour
Field Organization Amateur Radio Emergency Service® --est.1935 NationalTraffic System® --est.1914/1949 FCC Amateur Auxiliary --Official Observers Corps --from earliest days of ARRL FCCVolunteer Examiners --license testing responsibility since 1982 6/15/2013 9ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm Partner
ARRL Public-Private Cooperation Federal Communications Commission • RACES: ARRL partnered with FCC and DOD to establish this Civil Defense framework under Amateur Radio Service regulations. • Volunteer Examiner Coordinator System (VEC): developed modern concept ofVE testing in 1982 • Developed and administered all amateur exam elements since 1984 • ARRL administers 2/3 of all exams • FCC Amateur Radio Auxiliary recruits from the ARRL’s Official Observer Corps • We are proud to be “self-policing” to the highest level of “good engineering practice” NationalWeather Service • ARRL helped launch SKYWARN in 1970s • Established many local networks • Continues to support via ARES® units International Amateur Radio Union (IARU) •ARRL acts as IARU’s International Secretariat •Supplies headquarters staff and offices •RepresentsAmateur Radio at ITU andWRC meetings •Leading member of GAREC Committee (Global Amateur Radio Emergency Comms) 6/15/2013 10ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm Partner
Education & Training Continuing Education Programs • Extensive catalog of courses on technology, operating practices, electronics, propagation • Online and CD/DVD • Classroom with live instructor available for ARECC • EC-001, Introduction to emergency Communication • EC-016, Public Service and Emergency Communications Management for Radio Amateurs Teaching and Testing • Volunteer Examiners • Volunteer Instructors • Mentors ARRL Publications • Monthly organ “QST” • QEX and NCJ • Extensive press catalogue of technical books, operating manuals (even adventure novels!) • CD and DVD catalogue is very healthy and growing Amateur Radio in the Classroom • Teacher training • Syllabus support • Teaching aids 6/15/2013 11ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm Partner
Consulting Expertise Membership • Technical consulting (Volunteer Consulting Engineer program) • Legal advice (Volunteer Counsel program) Regulators • ARRL Monitoring System (“Intruder Watch”) and FCC Amateur Auxiliary • Independent studies and research • Regulation development and commentary • Lobbying and advocacy Industry • Participation through industry associations • ARRL Publications,“The Handbook” General public • RFI complaints • Municipalities and zoning ordinances • Emergency communications support issues • Misc. legal issues 6/15/2013 12ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm Partner
Amateur Radio Emergency Service 6/15/2013 ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm Partner 13 County-level volunteer radio units • More than1,000 registered operators in Pennsylvania • Skill and performance levels can be impressive (e.g., Chester Co.ARES/RACES) • All have basic radio skills and desire to serve • Emergency Coordinator leads operations, often from county EOC • Best practice: doubles as county’s RACES officer • Builds response team from the local community Personally owned equipment • Basic capability isVHF/UHF fone (voice) • Many stations are HF and Data capable using AX.25 Packet, Pactor and NBEMS • Members are encouraged to create “go kits”, have backup power at home, and frequently own four- wheel drive vehicles ARESMAT:Mutual AssistanceTeam Concept • Organizes and directs operators willing to travel to disaster zones • Helps minimize spontaneous volunteer difficulties
6/15/2013 ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm Partner 14 ARES unit-owned equipment • VHF/UHF repeaters are commonly established • Some units receive financial support from local authorities and regional authorities • Enables sophisticatedAmateur infrastructure and advanced capabilities • Linked repeater systems • D-STAR digital voice and digital data • Typically enjoy dedicated space at county EOC, the “ARES Room” Quality control and coordination • Oversight exercised by hierarchical oversight/coordination • Section,District and County levels • Peer review ARRL offers training and credentialing • “Official Emergency Station” is the basic ARES credential • ARECC EC-001 provides introductory training including NIMS/ICS and actual field practices, aligned with FEMA/NFA home-study courses • ARECC EC-016 provides advanced training for ARES management personnel • Courses are updated periodically to incorporate evolving best practices
National Traffic System 6/15/2013 ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm Partner 15 Proven and dependable wide-area coverage • System covers 83 Sections in U.S.A. and Canada • Almost 800 relay stations active in 2013 • Eastern Area NTS, Feb 2013 • 2,450 messages relayed manually • 9,477 messages relayed digitally • Transcontinental Corps, Feb 2013 • 1,219 messages relayed manually NTS is a system not a specific technology • 800 operators in all US states, Canadian provinces and ARRL sections • Hierarchical and scalable - up to 4 cycles/day • Emergency operations may be ad hoc • Point-to-point relay • Multimode to interface with any available networks and stations • Traditional nets operate using CW (Morse code) and SSB fone • NTS Digital is an automated HF network • Winlink software customized for automatic operation • Uses SCS Pactor III technology for high-speed HF backbone links • Basic credential is “Official Relay Station” appointment
NTS Digital HF Relay Network 6/15/2013 ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm Partner 16  Digital Relay Station  Regional MBO Station  Area Hub Station
National Organizational Structure Articles of Association By-laws Elected Leadership Board of Directors Vice Directors Section Managers Appointed Officers CEO COO CFO CDO CTO HQ Staff President 1stVice President 2ndVice President VP of Int’l Affairs Secretary Treasurer 6/15/2013 17ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm Partner Legend Elected by Membership Professional Staff
Section Management Division Director Section Manager Section Emergency Coordinator District Emergency Coordinators County Emergency Coordinators Official Emergency Stations Section Traffic Manager Net Managers Official Relay Stations Digital Relay Stations Official Observer Coordinator Official Observers Technical Coordinator Technical Specialists Public Information Coordinators Public Information Officers State Government Liaison Local Government Liaison Affiliated Club Coordinator ARRL Affiliated Clubs Legal Counsel Consulting Engineers 6/15/2013 18ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm Partner Elected Appointed Legend •Executive •Management •Supervisory •Specialist
Ops Management 6/15/2013 ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm Partner 19 Sponsor Coordinate Supervise Liaison Perform
Radio Service Amateur Radio Service Personal Radio Service (GMRS) Personal Radio Service (FRS) Multi-Use Radio Service (MURS) Public Radio Service (CB) Private Land Mobile Radio Alternate Names Ham Radio, Wireless General Mobile Radio Service Family Radio Service "Color Dot" Citizens Band Business Band "Color Dot" Intended Use Enthusiasts, Experimental Business, Personal Personal Business, Personal, Industrial Business, Personal Business, Industrial, Public Safety FCC Regulations Part 97 Part 95 A Part 95 B Part 95 J Part 95 D Part 90 C Operating Grant Licensed Licensed By Rule * By Rule * By Rule * Licensed License Term 10 years 5 years -- -- -- 10 years Filing Fee $25 $80 -- -- -- $210 + other fees Authorized Operations International National National National National Assigned Territory Frequency Allocation MF/HF/VHF/UHF/ SHF/EHF + 1.8 MHz – 250 GHz in defined bands (named by wavelength) UHF 462—467 MHz UHF 462—467 MHz VHF 151—154 MHz HF 26.9—27.4 MHz HF/VHF/UHF 25-50MHz 72-76 MHz 150-174 MHz 421-512 MHz 800/900/1430MHz Channel Assignments Frequency Agile (no restrictions) 23 1 (7 shared with FRS) 14 5 40 Numerous 3 w/trunking Interference Self-coordinated Shared Shared Shared Shared Shared (exc. PS) Appendix 1: Public Radio Services, Licensing & Regulatory Environment* 8 February 2012 20Two-Way Radio Services in the United States *“By Rule” means no operator or station license is required and none are granted. However, operators are required to comply with applicable FCC regulations. 1 Channels are restricted near US/Canadian border as certain frequencies are used in Canada by other radio services. 2 Deviation is restricted per channel used. 3 Channels are assigned by application to FCC-designated "Frequency Coordinators" and are allocated by intended purpose/demonstrated need. 4 Maximum power determined by regulation based on required service area and antenna height. 5 Station construction permits required. * Reprinted with permission from Two-Way Radio Services in the United States, © 2012 by Joseph Ames W3JY
Radio Service Amateur Radio Service Personal Radio Service (GMRS) Personal Radio Service (FRS) Multi-Use Radio Service (MURS) Public Radio Service (CB) Private Land Mobile Radio Maximum Power 1,500W output 50W out mobile 15W out fixed sta. 5W out. small base 5/0.5W ERP W-T 0.5W ERP 2W output 4W output 12W PEP (SSB) 1,000W HF 300W HF/VHF-Low 500W VHF-High 4 500W UHF + 4 Typical Power 100W 0.5W 0.5W 2W 4W 5W-50W Modes AM, FM, SSB, CW, Data, Video FM FM AM, FM, Data AM, SSB AM, SSB, FM, Data CTCSS/DCS X X X X -- X Encryption -- -- -- -- -- X Handheld X X X X X X Mobile X X -- X X X Base X X -- X X X 5 Repeaters X X -- -- -- X Phone Patch X -- -- -- -- X Antenna Restrictions None. (FAA and municipal codes apply) 20' freestanding or 20' above building/tree Integrated, non- modifiable 60' freestanding 20' above building 60' freestanding 20' above building VARIOUS Realistic Range Global Local (+) Line of Sight (+) Local (-) Local (-) Local (+) Typical Cost of Equipment VARIES <$100 entry-level >$10,000 premium Commercial grade: $150 hand held $400 mobile Consumer grade: >$10 walkie-talkie Commercial grade: $100 to $500 Consumer grade: $60 - $200 mobile <$100 walkie-talkie Commercial grade: VARIOUS Appendix 2: Public Radio Services: Regulated Capabilities* 8 February 2012 21Two-Way Radio Services in the United States * Reprinted with permission from Two-Way Radio Services in the United States, © 2012 by Joseph Ames W3JY
ARRL EPA Section Emergency Net Index May 2014 Name Service Area Freq (MHz) Offset PL Mode Scheduled Time Comments NATIONAL TRAFFIC SYSTEM Eastern Area Net (EAN) Eastern US 7.243 LSB 1430 ET NTS scheduled net Third Region Net (3RN) DE, MD, PA 7.243 LSB 1600 ET NTS scheduled net - alt 3.917 "" DE, MD, PA 3557.000 CW 1945 & 2130 NTS scheduled net Pennsylvania Traffic Net (PTN) EPA + WPA 3.585 CW 1900 + 2200 ET NTS scheduled net, formerly EPA and WPA, now merged EPA Echolink Traffic Net (EAETN) EPA 146.640 - 82.5 FM 2000 ET Thurs via AA3RG (Pine Grove) and Echolink node AA3RG-R EPA Emergency Phone & Traffic Net (EPAEPTN) EPA 3.917 LSB 1800 ET EPA Section ARES Guard Frequency; NTS scheduled net WPA Phone & Traffic Net WPA 3.983 LSB 1800 ET NTS scheduled net; wintertime 3.983MHz, 1645 ET ARES/RACES PEMA/RACES Eastern Pa. 3.9875 LSB 0900 ET SUN RACES scheduled net "" Central Pa. 3.9935 LSB 0830 ET SUN RACES scheduled net "" Western Pa. 3.9905 LSB 0900 ET SUN RACES scheduled net "" Pennsylvania 3.9935 LSB 0800 ET 1st SUN RACES scheduled net / Primary emergency freq "" Pennsylvania 3.9845 LSB Wartime/Emergency Secondary emergency frequency "" Pennsylvania 3.9995 LSB Wartime/Emergency Secondary emergency frequency "" Pennsylvania 7.2545 LSB Wartime/Emergency Secondary emergency frequency "" Pennsylvania 7.2505 LSB Wartime/Emergency Secondary emergency frequency PEMA Eastern Area EPA 146.835 - 88.5 FM Wartime/Emergency PEMA network repeater, Eagleville ARES District 1 Guard Frequency Greater Philadelphia 147.270 + 77 FM As Required Per MOU with WN3A Bucks Co ARES Bucks Co. Pa. 147.090 + 131.8 FM 2100 ET Wed Bucks Co. Primary Chester Co. ARES/RACES Net Chester Co. Pa. 146.940 131.8 FM 1930 ET Thurs W. Chester (linked to 440 UHF network) secondary "" Chester Co. Pa. 446.175 + 100.0 FM 1930 ET Thurs South Chester-W. Chester (linked to 446.525 & 446.175) primary "" Chester Co. Pa. 446.175 - 100.0 FM 1930 ET Thurs North Chester-W. Chester (linked to 446.525 & 448.875) primary "" Chester Co. Pa. 446.525 - 100.0 FM 1930 ET Thurs Central Chester- W. Chester (linked to 446.175 & 448.875) primary Delaware Co. ARES/RACES Net Delaware Co. Pa. 446.925 + 173.8 FM 1930 ET Wed Delaware Co. Primary Montgomery Co. RACES Net Montgomery Co. Pa. 146.835 - 88.5 FM 1900 ET Thurs Weekly Net - VHF; Echolink "" Montgomery Co. Pa. 53.410 - 131.8 FM 1901 ET Thurs Weekly Net - VHF "" Montgomery Co. Pa. 449.125 - 88.5 FM 1900 ET Thurs Weekly Net - UHF Link "" Montgomery Co. Pa. 3.994 LSB 1900 ET Thurs Weekly HF Circuit Test - 1900-1915 "" Montgomery Co. Pa. 28.410 USB 1915 ET Thurs Weekly HF Circuit Test - 1915-1930 "" Montgomery Co. Pa. 445.01875 - DV 1900 ET Thurs Weekly Net - D-Star 445.01875/440.01875 MHz "" Montgomery Co. Pa. 1255.575 - DV 1901 ET Thurs Weekly Net - D-Star 1255.5750/1243.5750 MHz Philadelphia ARES Net Philadelphia, Pa. 147.030 + 91.5 FM 2100 ET Sun Philadelphia Philadelphia ARES Net Philadelphia, Pa. 444.800 + 186.2 FM 2100 ET Sun Philadelphia SKYWARN Montgomery Co. Skywarn Montgomery Co. Pa. 146.835 - 88.5 FM As Required Activated ad hoc Chester Co. Skywarn Chester Co Pa. 146.940 - 131.8 FM As Required + + + +unconfirmed + + + + Delco Skywarn Delaware Co Pa. 446.925 - 173.8 FM As Required EPA VHF Nets K3PDR D -STAR Net Philadelphia Metro 445.18125 - DV 2000 ET Mondays Sponsored by Phila. Digital Radio Association Lower Bucks Co. Emcom Group 2m FM Simplex Net Lower Bucks Co Pa 147.420 FM 2010ET Mondays Alternate 147.450 Marple -Newtown Weather & Information Net Philadelphia Metro 147.195 + 100.0 FM 0830 ET Daily Sponsored by Marple -Newtown ARC K3MN/R EPA Emergency Net Data 2014-05-18.xlsx Page 1 of 2
ARRL EPA Section Emergency Net Index May 2014 Name Service Area Freq (MHz) Offset PL Mode Scheduled Time Comments Mid Atlantic D -STAR Net Mid Atlantic US 147.610 - DV 2002 ET alt. Tuesdays K3PDR- Phila. Digital Radio Association "" Mid Atlantic US 445.18125 - DV 2000 ET alt. Tuesdays K3PDR- Phila. Digital Radio Association "" Mid Atlantic US 440.01875 - DV 2001 ET alt. Tuesdays AA3E Monco RACES repeater LDS Church Emcomm Net PA/NJ/NY various FM 2100 ET Wednesdays BEARS network / linked repeaters RF Hill Traffic Net Bucks Co Pa 145.310 - 131.8 Wed, Sun 2000 ET RF Hill NTS Net HF Service Nets - Misc. East Coast Amateur Radio Service (ECARS) Eastern/Coastal US 7.255 LSB Daytime hours Public service net for mobile operators Maritime Mobile Service Net / Intercontinental Net Global 14.300 USB Noon - 9PM ET H&W for maritime vessels, overseas servicemen Midwest Amateur Radio Service Midwestern US 7.258 LSB Daytime hours Public service net for mobile operators North Central Amateur Radio Service Northern Midwest US 7.197 LSB Daytime hours Public service net for mobile operators Radio Rescue Net CONUS 3.911 LSB Local Nighttime Monitored guard freq for mobile distress, ass't (MMN) SATERN HF CONUS 14.265 USB 1500Z M -Sat Disaster Response / Training SATERN HF - Eastern Area ("SATEAST") East region US 7.265 LSB 1700Z Sat Disaster Response / Training South Coast Amateur Radio Service Gulf Coast Rehion US 7.251 LSB Daytime hours Public service net for mobile operators NY-NJ-NE Central Jersey Traffic Net Central NJ 146.760 - 156.7 FM 2000 ET LATE SESSION Jersey Shore ARS Traffic Net Jersey Shore 146.895 - 151.4 FM 1930 Daily New England Weather Net New England and East Coast 3.905 LSB 0530--0630 daily Weather and information for New England and East Coast New Jersey Net State of NJ 3.544 1900 & 2200 ET New Jersey Phone Net State of NJ 3.950 LSB 1700 ET M-Sat, 0900 Sun NTS Affiliate New Jersey VHF Net NNJ Section 146.700 - 141.3 FM 2230 ET LATE SESSION "" NNJ Section 146.895 - 151.4 FM 1930 ET EARLY SESSION New York State Operations Net New York State 3.925 LSB 1700 ET NTS scheduled net South Jersey Traffic Net SNJ Section 145.470 - 127.3 FM 2000 ET M-W-F-Sun EARLY SESSION "" SNJ Section 147.150 * 127.3 FM 2001 ET M-W-F-Sun EARLY SESSION "" SNJ Section 147.345 + 127.3 FM 2000 ET T-Th-Sat LATE SESSION LDS Church Emcomm Net PA/NJ/NY various FM 2100 ET Wednesdays BEARS network / linked repeaters DEL-MAR-VA Delaware Traffic Net DE 3.905 LSB 1830 ET M -Sa NTS Scheduled Net Delmarva Emergency Net DE, MD, VA 3.905 LSB 1830 ET Sun Delmarva peninsular region Maryland Emergency Net MD 3.821 LSB 1800 ET NTS scheduled net; 1730 ET wintertime hours Radio Email Target Station (Winlink2000 to NTS Digital Network Gateway) NTSD 3RN MBO/BBS - W3JY DE, MD, PA EAN, TCC HF Scanning Pactor 1-3 Full-time Scanning HF: 3591.9; 3593.9; 7100.4;7102.4; 10140.9; 10142.9 "" SEPA/DE/SNJ 145.010 1200B Packet Full-time Packet 145.010 EPA Emergency Net Data 2014-05-18.xlsx Page 2 of 2
COLLECTED HISTORIES OF THE AMATEUR RADIO PUBLIC SERVICE CORPS THE LEGACY OF GEORGE HART W1NJM (SK)
i Table of Contents Editor’s Note .................................................................................................................................................1 How It All Started—the NTS..........................................................................................................................1 A History of the Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service (RACES) ...............................................................3 The Beginning of RACES............................................................................................................................3 A Short History of ARES and NTS ..................................................................................................................8 Figure 1: George Hart’s original design for Amateur Radio Public Service Corps..........................................................1 EDITOR’S NOTE This compilation of living history articles was prepared in 2013 by Joe Ames W3JY of the Eastern Area Staff of the National Traffic System Figure 1: George Hart’s original design for Amateur Radio Public Service Corps
1 HOW IT ALL STARTED—THE NTS By George Hart W1NJM, August 1974 QST Although the National Traffic System first went into operation in 1949, this was by no means the first ARRL-organized venture into organized traffic handling. In fact, as most of us who have done our homework on ARRL history know, organized traffic handling was the basic reason for the founding of ARRL. But let’s not go into all that, because it’s all in “Two Hundred Meters and Down’. Suffice it to say that “Trunk Lines” existed in the teens and twenties and became really widespread in the thirties, right up to the advent of World War II. By that time, however spot frequency network operation was starting to take hold, and the concept of Trunk Lines was approaching obsolescence. That is, instead of consecutive schedules along the points of the Trunk Line, which had become standard procedure, several stations would meet on a spot frequency and find that some of the TL points could be bypassed. Then other stations off the points of the trunk, hearing the hubbub, would offer coverage of another city, and would be accepted into the growing group. First thing you know, here was a loosely-organized regional net, not a Trunk Line in the traditional sense at all. This gradual demise of the Trunk Line concept was interrupted by the late 1941 unpleasantness and was not resumed until 1947, when reorganization commenced from headquarters under the supervision first of W1JMY, then of W6JQB, who became “National Trunk Line Manager” (and sorted DXCC cards) and W1QMI. Traffic men, after the first blush of getting back on the air following the long wartime hiatus, rushed to join in the reorganization, and soon the Trunk Lines were “in business” again. But things were not quite the same. The rigid pre-war “iron man” requirement that all participants be ORS appointees and able to operate every night (except weekends) started to break down. The immediate-pre-war conditions shortly prevailed again, and the so-called Trunk Lines started to become spot-frequency nets, with tentacles extending far off their prescribed routes and often into another line’s “territory” and the threat of hodge- podge soon became apparent. Complaints from newcomers started to arrive at headquarters that the TL concept was obsolete. Independent nets started to appear in increasing numbers, some of them including former trunkliners disenchanted with the old setup. Efforts by headquarters to hold the Trunk Lines together became increasingly difficult. Something had to be done. Cherished traditions die hard, and Trunk Lines were among the most cherished by many old-time traffic men of the day. When the league, in 1949,
2 embarked on the establishment of a National Traffic System entirely different and separate from the Trunk Lines, the procedure was cautious, exploratory, tentative. First a survey was conducted to determine the amount of support from traffic leaders, then a QST article (“new traffic plan” QST sept. 1949), then correspondence to line up leaders, and finally a shaky start of operation on Oct. 1, 1949. The Trunk Lines continued, and headquarters continued to support them; but they were not pushed, as NTS was, and gradually their members shifted their operation to NTS nets until the ARRL Trunk Lines eventually faded away. A few continued to operate independently but were “Trunk Lines” in name only; actually they were spot frequency nets, similar to the new NTS nets. In the first few years if its existence, the infant NTS survived what must have been one of the worst sunspot nulls in history. Winter and summer, conditions on 80 meters were consistently described as “horrible.” In wintertime, the muf dipped so low that often the band was completely dead during the evening hours when the nets operated. In summer, QRN added to the woes. But NTS adherents hung in there, and when sunspots started to reappear in sufficient numbers to re-establish “normal” conditions, more traffic men joined in. Not until then did it become an established and recognized fact that NTS was here to stay. The sixties were the “heyday” of NTS. Propagation conditions were generally good, participation was high, pride in a “tight organization” was great. Long before the advent of ARRL Advisory committees, “Area Staffs” of NTS were formed to assist the ARRL Communications Manager, in administration of the extensive system. (actually the Pacific Area Staff was formed experimentally in 1952, but similar staffs in Eastern and Central areas were formed more than a decade later). Managership posts at the region, area, and TCC levels became sought-after by traffic men, and held on to when acquired, sometimes for more than a decade. Not until the turn of the 70’s and the advent of voice-operated monitoring nets and other phone nets on the high frequencies did NTS start coming under fire as a possible-inept and obsolescent amateur public service. Most such nets operated daytimes and many of them were highly successful in obtaining prompt delivery of traffic, but all were independently organized and appeared to prefer to remain that way. Since NTS was primarily designed to operate during the evening hours when most amateurs are available, and since there appeared to be a sizable contingent of amateurs who operated daytimes but preferred NTS connection, a “Daytime NTS” was set up for trial and is even now in operation on that basis. As in the original NTS, the going is slow and tough, and although conditions don’t seem to be as bad as they were in the early fifties, they are bad enough.
3 Mode? Well, it always seems to be a basis for controversy, but NTS was never set up specifically with one mode in mind, has never been exclusive in that respect and still isn’t—and that includes both the daytime and evening contingents. True, in the beginning NTS seemed to attract mostly cw operators, almost exclusively so at regional level and above, and most if not all evening operation at such levels is now conducted by that mode. Conversely, the net NTS (Daytime)—NOT a different system—is getting its start on the phone bands. But in principle, the NTS selects the mode to suit the need, within availabilities. It will use the best mode for the purpose of traffic men capable of using that mode are available. If not, it will use the mode in which traffic men are available. This is the only practical way to run a traffic-handling system. In conclusion, here are some calls of early pioneer in NTS. How many do you recognize, and how many are still around? W1BVR, W2s: LRW CLL PRE, W3GEG W4s: ANK BAZ NNJ, W5GZU W6s: CE JZ W7s: CZY FIX WJ, W8s: NOH SCW UPB YCP, W9s: CBE TT, W0s: AUL BE HMM IC SCA ZJO, VE’s 2GM 3ATR 3BUR 3GL. ---W1NJM -----  ----- A HISTORY OF THE RADIO AMATEUR CIVIL EMERGENCY SERVICE (RACES) As written by George Hart K6RXU, originally published in the Fall 2005 edition of the QCWA Journal. (c) 2005 QCWA and George Hart. Reprinted with permission. The Beginning of RACES While NTS held my main personal interest during the early 50's, I had many other functions as "National Emergency Coordinator." The original concept of a man from headquarters to take charge didn't work out, partly because it was the wrong concept in the first place, partly because Doc Hayes, who was the right type to implement this concept, undertook it with a supercilious and peremptory demeanor which stirred up a lot of antagonism in the field. ARRL had its own organization for emergency communications known first as the ARRL Emergency Corps (AEC) in pre- WWII days, starting in 1935. With postwar reactivation, in an effort to recruit more amateurs, whether ARRL members or not, the name was changed to the Amateur Radio Emergency Corps and the organization better defined with leaders appointed by the SCM at local and section levels and by ARRL headquarters at national level. At national level, therefore, I as National Emergency Coordinator was the nominal leader of the AREC. I never let this high-sounding title go to my head. I even protested to my boss, Ed Handy, that the title was inappropriate, that a more appropriate title would be "Assistant Communications Manager for Emergency
4 Preparedness" or, since I was also the architect and nominal leader of NTS, "Assistant Communications Manager for Public Service." But Ed decided we must retain the NEC title to conform to the Board's original mandate. So I was stuck with it, and had difficulty in the field overcoming some of the resentment Doc had caused. My next ploy was to chuck the "take charge" concept of the "man from HQ" and replace it with that of a general advisor to develop principles of organization and operation, to make the AREC a single strong facility of groups working together in a national plan. Ed was more receptive to this change. The man on the scene (the Emergency Coordinator) was obviously the best suited to take charge at the local level, because he knew the people and the problems existing at that level. The Section Emergency Coordinator would try to tie together all these local groups to form a section or state plan. My job would be to tie all the state plans together into a national plan for emergency communications, issuing bulletins to keep everyone advised of the national picture, presenting ideas and advice for organizing, general philosophizing, a little humor, etc. I would also undertake field trips to "spread the word," but not to try to organize or reorganize at the state or local level. While all this was going on, negotiations were proceeding at the federal government level to put amateur radio in the forefront of civilian defense communications. Most of these negotiations were taking place above me, by Communications Manager Ed Handy, General Manager A. L. Budlong, and President George Bailey; but I was definitely involved. I was eager to have our AREC recognized as the amateur radio facility to provide this service under our direction and management; but it soon became quite clear that this was not to be, and nobody but I seemed to think it was desirable. It would be a government facility run by government agencies - the FCC to provide regulations, the newly-created Federal Civil Defense Administration under the Executive Office of the President to provide administration and direction, the ARRL to provide advice and bodies. I recall two names at national government level most involved with the formation of RACES - Red Rollins of FCC and Bob Burton of FCDA. Both were working-level people in their respective agencies, to iron out the shape and form of this new service. Unlike WERS, the new service would be an amateur service and its regulations part of the Amateur Radio Service regulations. It would be run by amateurs under the aegis of FCDA and local civil defense agencies. The underlying theme was defense against enemy attack, and this meant that this part of the amateur service would continue to function even under national emergency conditions; therefore, adequate security measures had to be taken - which was the main reason why the AREC was not involved officially
5 but very much involved in practice. Neither Rollins nor Burton were particularly friendly to ARRL, but both were very much aware of our involvement and I had many trips to Washington and Battle Creek in the 50's to deal with mutual problems. This was a period during the onset of the "cold war" in which civil defense preparedness was paramount. One of the things that seemed most to concern Rollins and Burton at the beginning was what to name the new amateur service. I tended to be impatient with this, but Rollins insisted that the name furnish an acronym that was pronounceable and, if possible, spelled a word. After expenditure of goodness knows how much government time they came up with the name "Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service," RACES. What amused me and what I often remarked about was that after all the brainpower wasted in devising this name and suitable acronym, most government employees pronounced it "racies." Another amusing story was that when someone in FCDA tried to requisition receiving equipment for monitoring RACES operations, a curt reply came back that receiving equipment is not issued for the purpose of "listening to the races.". Be all this as it might, what it boiled down to was that although licensed amateurs would be at the forefront in administering this new service, direction, guidance and implementation would be conducted by government agencies, not by ARRL/AREC. I considered it a blow to our prestige, but most amateurs, even those at leadership levels, seemed quite content. At least it would be an amateur service, not cloaked under another name. And if war with communist countries developed it would continue to operate, although under strict security measures. I must have made at least a dozen trips to Battle Creek, Mich., where FCDA was established, sometimes staying for days at a time to attend civil defense functions being conducted there. Travel was by air direct to Detroit, but from there to Battle Creek by local feeder flights of North Central or Lake Central Airlines. The connections were usually tenuous at best. The aircraft were almost exclusively DC-3's, the workhorses of much early commercial air traffic but relegated to local flights after the industry started producing bigger craft capable of longer flights at higher speed. The DC-3's could land and take off from short runways with their small economical engines and wide wingspread with considerable reliability, but were easily storm-tossed. I remember several flights between Detroit and Battle Creek during stormy weather in which passengers became airsick, including myself on a couple of occasions. Hotel accommodations were at the Hart Hotel or the Post Tavern. The former was the more modem, the latter a very old relic of previous grandeur but nevertheless very interesting. I became closely acquainted with many of the working staff during this period in the middle "50's.
6 In New York, State Civil Defense Communications Officer Vincent Kenney, W2BGO, formed the Northeastern States Civil Defense Amateur Radio Alliance (NSCDARA), comprising RACES personnel from all the New England states plus New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania. NSCDARA became quite prominent in RACES affairs and eventually changed its name to United States Civil Defense Amateur Radio Alliance (USCDARA) and undertook to represent many other states. I recall meetings held in New York City, Battle Creek, Montpelier, Vt. and Wilmington, Del., all of which I attended as an ARRL representative. I also attended FCDA regional conferences of civil defense directors and communications officers all over the U.S. and made many acquaintances among not only government employees but also employees of various industries trying to get in on the civil defense bandwagon. Prominent among these was AT&T, which was trying to promote its alerting system called "Conelrad." I had several verbal bouts with AT&T minions during this period., most of them on the good-natured side. My principal contention was that AT&T claimed to have everything under control and could provide all facilities necessary for civil defense alerting and communication, "provided you pay the rate," but that we amateurs could do the same things on a volunteer basis at no expense to anyone but ourselves. I was out of my depth trying to compete with highly-paid AT&T employees, but nevertheless commanded quite a bit of respect from government people. Even some of the commercial people attending these conferences recognized us amateurs as having a vital stake in communications matters. At one point I attended, along with Ed Handy, a civil defense regional conference at Oiney, Md., followed by a week of attendance at the civil defense staff college, where I learned many things I really didn't need to know but also made many new acquaintances among prominent civil defense people. The Amateur Radio Public Service Corps It was a challenging and most interesting period, and a very busy one for me. All this travel and attendance at conferences required extended absences from my desk, where the work piled up and often required many late hours after I returned, because I had no understudy or assistant at that time. At home evenings I participated in a number of NTS nets and on weekends in ARRL contests and other on-the-air activities. Contests did not seem to interest me much and DX not at all, so in them my participation was nominal; I considered it part of my job as the No. 2 man in the CD to be active in all phases of CD sponsorship. In Field Day, emergency preparedness exercises and NTS operation I was super-active, because these were my special field. I was a founding member of two local affiliated clubs, the Newington Amateur Radio League and the Connecticut Wireless Association, and served nearly all
7 the offices of both clubs, including president. NARL was more of a social group with only about a dozen diehard members and was going down hill until it was revived in the 60's and is now one of the most active clubs in the area. CWA was a group of CW experts with a member limit of 15 whose principal activity was Field Day. We had high score in our class several times and usually finished in the top ten; but I lost interest when the members started paying attention only to DX and DXCC and eventually the club fell apart. However, during its heyday through the 60's, 70's into the 80's, CWA made its presence felt in many activities and included in its membership a number of ARRL employees, such as Ed Handy, W1BDI; Joe Moskey, W1JMY; John Cann, W1RWS; John Lmdholm, W1DGL; and myself. In 1951, at a hamfest in Jackson's Mill, W.Va., I joined the QCWA. In later years I was a founding member of two QCWA chapters, the Nutmeg Chapter in Connecticut and the Royal Palm Chapter in Naples, Fla. But we are getting ahead of the story. In the early 50's I tried to consolidate the AREC and the NTS under one ARRL- sponsored umbrella called the Amateur Radio Public Service Corps (ARPSC). The idea was that NTS would operate daily, 365 days a year, handling routine radiogram traffic during normal times. The AREC would conduct occasional drills to keep in practice and a high state of preparedness. Once a year we would conduct a simulated emergency test nationwide in which the AREC nets would become active at local levels to handle simulated emergency conditions and the NTS would provide both local and long-distance record messages. This required close cooperation between these two divisions of ARPSC. When RACES came into being, on order of the Board of Directors I included RACES in ARPSC as a third division. Much to my surprise and dismay, the people in the federal government who were implementing RACES took exception to the inference that ARRL was sponsoring RACES, so I quickly rearranged the diagram to show that the connection between RACES and ARPSC was one of support, not sponsorship. This settled the ruffled feathers, but it was a harbinger of an uncomfortable relationship. The civil defense people wanted to use amateurs to fulfill their emergency communications plans but they didn't want to use the existing amateur radio organization designed to do so. I thought this was the wrong approach, that it denigrated the existing amateur service the League had worked so hard to organize for years. I proposed that ARPSC and RACES overlap each other, that AREC be the principal emergency communications system during peacetime, RACES during wartime or other periods of national emergency. I exhorted the local AREC groups to participate in their local RACES organizations but to maintain their AREC identity also, to offer served agencies their services during peacetime emergencies but be ready and able to participate in RACES
8 whenever it was activated. The ideal was to have the local EC serve as the RACES Radio Officer or the RO to also be the EC, or at least have a cordial relationship between these two leaders, and for each entity to have overlapping membership so they could work together in any situation that arose. This worked out well in some cases, in some only partially, in some not at all; but I still think it was the way to effect the greatest good for the greatest number. ARPSC never really took hold. Those who handled written messages (NTS) and those who were primarily interested in emergency operations (AREC) had too little in common to work well together, despite my almost-frantic exhortations at times. The AREC (which was changed to ARES when it was decided we should not have a "corps within a corps") and NTS went their separate ways in operation and preparation, only partially working together during communications emergencies when the principal function became the handling of individual "welfare" messages. I ground out page after page of bulletins to NTS and AREC leadership, and editorial messages in the "Public Service" section of QST, trying to get NTS set up to operate on extended schedules during emergencies and ARES to train operators in handling official and personal messages in proper format, with limited success. Any enterprise implemented almost entirely by unpaid volunteers is unlikely to be completely successful. I was not satisfied with limited success and I suppose made quite a few enemies as a result. NTS, ARES and RACES still exist, still separate entities, and ARPSC is a thing of the past. -----  ----- A SHORT HISTORY OF ARES AND NTS By the Arkansas Section Traffic & Emergency Net Staff ASTEN has been focused for some time on ARES and the National Traffic System. I thought it might be good food for thought to cover some of the history of ARES and the NTS. I know some of our new folks will benefit from knowing the history and for all those that already know it, it is pleasant to our ears to know the history is still being taught and shared with those that are coming online today. The history of the Amateur Radio Emergency Service begins in 1935 with a note in the Sept. 1935 issue of QST magazine which is published by the ARRL asking hams interested in signing up for emergency communications to write to League HQ in Newington CT. Initial instructions were for members to contact their local civic officials and offer their services. The goal was to have at least one ARRL Emergency Corps member in each community. The first local emergency coordinators were appointed in 1937. Following WWII the position of Section Emergency Coordinator was established as an official appointment to be made by the Section Communications Manager, (now SM). In 1951 the AEC became the Amateur Radio Emergency Corps. In 1963 the AREC was made the emergency division of the
9 Amateur Radio Public Service Corps. In 1978 the AREC was changed to ARES. The American Radio Relay League (ARRL) sponsored the Amateur Radio Public Service Corps (ARPSC), as a voluntary organization of licensed amateur radio operators. It was in answer to a Federal Communications Commission mandate in Part 97 under Basics and Purpose, to enhance, "the value of the amateur service as a voluntary non commercial communications service, particularly with respect to providing emergency communications." The Communications Department of the ARRL in Newington, CT guides today all activities of ARES and the NTS. In 1949 the ARRL organized the National Traffic System, which is the largest amateur message relay system in the world and is, used by amateur radio operators as a 365- day a year public service. The NTS is a system of traffic or message handling nets, which meet daily across the US. In this system a message can be introduced at any point within the system and be delivered at any other point intact. This system covers all of the US, its territories and possessions and all of Canada. This takes quite a bit of organization and training to accomplish. To assure that a message is not lost or changed in transit the NTS has over the years established a format for message transmission within the NTS. The ARRL radiogram serves this purpose. ARES and the NTS continue to play an all important role in Emergency communications. ARES and the NTS will change in the future, as it always has in the past. A look at the past teaches us that things have always changed over time. The important thing to remember is that as changes come our way in the future, that we don’t forget to teach the past to those who come online. -----  -----
FOREWORD The Association of Public-Safety Communications Officials-International, Inc., and the American Radio Relay League, Inc. (ARRL) share the common bond of communications in the public interest. APCO International is made up of Emergency Medical, Law Enforcement, Fire and other Public Safety Communications personnel whose primary responsibility is the management, design, maintenance and operation of communications facilities in the public domain. The ARRL is a non-commercial association of radio amateurs bonded together for the promotion of interest in Amateur Radio communication and experimentation, for the relaying of messages by radio, for the advancement of the radio art and of the public welfare, for the representation of the radio amateur in legislative matters and for the maintenance of fraternalism and a high standard of conduct. While the members of APCO International are charged with responsibility of communications in the public interest as professional members of the public safety community, a primary responsibility of the Amateur Radio Service, as established by Part 97 of the Federal Communications Commission's regulations, is the rendering of public service communication for the general public, particularly in times of emergency, when normal communications are not available. APCO International has, since its inception, taken the lead in establishing International standards for public safety communications. Through International Headquarters and Affiliates, APCO International strives for professionalism and continuity of communications through education, standardization and the exchange of information. Organizing and coordinating Amateur Radio operators in the amateur frequency bands, the ARRL has been serving the general public directly and government and relief agencies for more than 75 years. To that end, in 1935 the league organized the Amateur Radio Emergency Corps (now called the Amateur Radio Emergency Service--ARES). In 1949 the League created the National Traffic System (NTS). Together, ARES and NTS comprise the League's public service Field Organization of volunteer radio amateurs. As leaders and representatives of radio amateurs, the ARRL has responsibilities in motivation, education, policy and leadership in promoting Amateur Radio functions in the public service, especially in times of emergency when the resources of radio amateurs may be most survivable communications available. I. Purpose The purpose of this document is to state the terms of a mutual agreement between the ARRL and APCO International that will serve as a broad framework within which volunteer personnel of the ARRL may coordinate their facilities and equipment with APCO International members and their agencies for disaster communications Association of Public Safety Communications Officials Int'l 1 of 3
II. Definition of Disaster A disaster is either a natural or man-made occurrence that causes human suffering or human needs that the victims cannot alleviate without assistance and which rapidly depletes the resources of the responding agencies involved. It will be understood and agreed that members of the Amateur Radio Emergency Service will neither seek nor accept any duties other than that of Amateur Radio communications. III. Method of Cooperation In order that the emergency communications facilities of the ARES and NTS may be coordinated and utilized to the fullest advantage during disasters, APCO International and ARRL agree to the following: A. Through its national headquarters in Newington, Connecticut, the ARRL will establish regular liaison with the APCO International headquarters in South Daytona, Florida, through a standing committee of each organization. This liaison will provide the closest possible cooperation and direct operational assistance by the ARRL in emergency communications planning, and in the coordination of amateur radio communications facilities for disaster operations. B. APCO International welcomes the cooperation and assistance of the American Radio Relay League, through its headquarters and its field organizations, to extend Amateur Radio emergency communications planning into the jurisdictions of APCO International chapters. APCO International chapters will be urged to further the cooperative effort by requesting that local ARRL ARES, and NTS personnel serve as disaster volunteers for emergency communications, with such personnel reporting to the ARES Emergency Coordinator of jurisdiction. ARRL ARES, and NTS volunteers, will be encouraged to take part in pre-disaster training and planning and to work with APCO International chapters to provide amateur radio communications equipment and volunteers, and to meet the needs of their disaster communications plans. C. When a disaster occurs requiring the use of amateur radio communications facilities, APCO International, through an individual chapter and with the understanding of the agency (agencies) to be served, may recommend the assistance of the ARRL ARES, and NTS nearest the scene of the disaster. This assistance may include, but is not limited to the following: 2. The establishment and maintenance of fixed, mobile, and portable station emergency communication facilities for local radio coverage and point-to-point contact between public safety officials and locations, as required. 2 of 3
3. Maintenance of the continuity of communications for the duration of the emergency period or until normal communications channels are substantially restored. D. ARRL agrees to supply APCO International with lists of emergency coordinators on an annual basis. APCO International agrees to supply ARRL with pertinent information and points of contact from the various chapters on an annual basis. E. Detailed operating plans for the utilization of the communications facilities of the Amateur Radio service should be developed with APCO International chapters in cooperation with local ARRL ARES, and NTS personnel. F. APCO International will recommend to its chapters that membership on disaster preparedness and relief committees include representation from the ARRL through its local ARES and NTS organizations. G. APCO International will recommend to its membership that standing committees be appointed within the chapters as a means of maintaining liaison with local ARRL officials. APCO International will recommend to its chapters that local ARRL officials be admitted to appropriate APCO International training classes. H. Each organization will distribute copies of this MOU through its field structure, and make copies available to other Organizations, both public and private, which may have an active interest in disaster operations. This agreement is in force as of the date indicated below, and shall remain in effect unless terminated by written notification from either party to the other. Signed unto this day, the twenty-fourth of October in the year 1996.   3 of 3
MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING BETWEEN UNITED STATES POWER SQUADRONS® AND AMERICAN RADIO RELAY LEAGUE INC This MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING is between the United States Power Squadrons®, a non-profit corporation under the laws of the State of North Carolina and qualified as tax exempt under section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of the United States (hereinafter “USPS”) and the American Radio Relay League Inc, an incorporated association without capital stock under the laws of the State of Connecticut and qualified as tax exempt under section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of the United States (hereinafter “ARRL”). WITNESSED THAT: WHEREAS, ARRL was established in 1914 as a noncommercial association of radio amateurs organized for the promotion of interest in amateur radio communication and experimentation, for the establishment of networks to provide communication in the event of disasters or other emergencies, for the advancement of the radio art and of the public welfare, and for the maintenance of fraternalism and a high standard of conduct, and for more than ninety years has provided our nation with public service and technical development in the art and science of radio communications, and WHEREAS USPS has been actively engaged in the education of its members in a wide variety of boating and nautical subjects since its establishment in 1914, has initiated emergency training of the general public in matters of seamanship, boat-handling, and navigation during World Wars I and II; and for more than ninety years has provided our nation with basic and safe boating instruction including the proper use of marine radio communications, made locally available on a continuing basis through its public course development and teaching; USPS is organized into 33 districts and approximately 430 squadrons; the squadron being the local unit of USPS, and WHEREAS ARRL publishes a monthly magazine for its members and maintains an extensive library of technical and informative educational publications, and 1 of 4
WHEREAS USPS also publishes a monthly periodical for its members and also publishes and maintains an extensive library of technical and informative educational publications, and WHEREAS the goal of the USPS – ARRL Memorandum of Understanding is to create a mutually beneficial program that would enhance the membership of each organization; maximize cooperative education programs, including publications and technical courses; develop products, thus serving both the recreational boater and the amateur radio enthusiast; develop programs that can serve the interest of both organizations, and provide a basis for sharing technical expertise and knowledge of the respective disciplines. NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto agree as follows: 1. USPS and ARRL will assist each other in marketing, developing and promoting educational materials that are specific to the dual interests of the recreational boater and the amateur radio enthusiast. These materials will consist of publications, courses, and other educational products as may be mutually agreed upon. 2. USPS and ARRL will collaborate in the development and distribution of promotional and media release materials utilizing print and electronic media. 3. Each organization will establish procedures so that their marketing and public relations personnel can work together to achieve maximum public exposure for national and international promotions, events, and projects. 4. ARRL and USPS will cooperate in identifying publications and products that can be carried by the other’s on-line store. 5. ARRL and USPS will collaborate in the development of products to serve Boaters who are also Amateur Radio enthusiasts. 6. USPS and ARRL will pursue opportunities for cross-advertising in each other’s monthly periodical to include membership recruitment, information on publications, educational courses, training, and products of interest that are carried in their respective on-line stores. 2 of 4
7. USPS and ARRL will jointly pursue a program to emphasize the benefits of amateur radio aboard recreational vessels . 8. USPS and ARRL will jointly pursue, an emergency service program designed to benefit local communities in times of disaster and emergency needs and establish a structure to maximize and promote the benefits of a joint USPS and ARRL Amateur Radio emergency Service working relationship. 9. ARRL and USPS will consider sponsorship of a USPS Amateur Radio Contest. ARRL will assist USPS in designing and promoting such contest. 10. ARRL and USPS will assist each other in obtaining suitable accommodations at their respective annual conventions where information concerning the organizations may be displayed. 11. ARRL and USPS will jointly develop informational programs concerning their activities in order to improve the attractiveness of both organizations to youth and young adults. 12. ARRL will assist USPS districts and squadrons by providing a list of speakers that may be called upon to provide information about amateur radio at district and squadron meetings. General Provisions: A. The parties shall maintain open communication, cooperation, and support in furtherance of their mutual goals and objectives. B. This Memorandum of Understanding may be amended only with the written consent of all parties. C. Termination. Either party to this Memorandum of Understanding may obtain termination of this Memorandum of Understanding by providing notice to the other party of its intent to terminate. Such notice shall be in writing and be effective upon receipt of the written notice or four days after the date of the notice, whichever shall first occur. 3 of 4
Effect of Termination. Upon the Termination Date specified each party to this Memorandum of Understanding shall have no further rights or obligations hereunder, except for any unpaid amounts or incomplete performance pending as of the Termination Date, which shall be promptly paid or performed; and further except for any indemnity, insurance or liability limiting provisions, all of which shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding termination of this Memorandum of Understanding. D. The terms of this agreement are personal to each party, and neither party may assign or delegate its rights or obligations hereunder without the written consent of the other party. E. The parties assume joint responsibility for the form and composition of this Memorandum of Understanding and no provision of this agreement shall be construed presumptively for or against either of the parties. FOR AMERICAN RADIO RELAY LEAGUE: __________________________________________ ____________ David Sumner, Chief Executive Officer Date FOR THE UNITED STATES POWER SQUADRONS: ____________________________________________ ____________ G. Leslie Johnson, SN, Chief Commander Date 4 of 4
1 | P a g e     A MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING BETWEEN                   And the                                                                                                Purpose    The purpose of this document is to state the terms of a mutual agreement (Memorandum of Understanding or MOU) between American Radio Relay League (ARRL), the national association for Amateur Radio, and Boy Scouts of America (BSA). The MOU will serve as a framework within which both organizations may, where mutually beneficial, cooperate in, support or cosponsor programs or events intended to foster and promote education, technical awareness, and achievement in Amateur Radio, emergency preparedness and communications, and other joint efforts and undertakings. Each organization comprises volunteers and professional staff in support of their respective educational and technical recognition programs and efforts. It is intended that this agreement will promote joint coordination and exercise of the resources of both ARRL and BSA to recognize the potential and capability of individual members of both organizations in the furtherance of their education and achievement in topics found within Scouting and Amateur Radio. Recognition    ARRL recognizes BSA as a program of character development, leadership skills, physical fitness and various life and outdoor skills for males ages 7 to 18 as part of the Cub Scout and Boy Scout programs, and both males and females ages 14 to 21 as part of the Venturing program. The Boy Scouts of America is one of the nation's largest and most prominent values‐based youth development organizations. BSA provides a program for young people that builds character, trains them in the responsibilities of participating citizenship, and develops personal fitness.
2 | P a g e     For nearly a century, BSA has helped build future leaders by combining educational activities and lifelong values with fun. The Boy Scouts of America believes — and, through nearly a century of experience, knows — that helping youth is a key to building a more conscientious, responsible, and productive society. BSA recognizes ARRL as a non‐commercial membership association of radio amateurs, organized for the promotion of interest in Amateur Radio communication and experimentation. ARRL is the principal representative of the Amateur Service and Amateur Satellite Services in the United States, and is the Secretariat for the International Amateur Radio Union (IARU), the worldwide federation of national Amateur Radio societies. ARRL is organized for the establishment of networks to provide communications in the event of disasters or other emergencies, the advancement of the radio art and of the public welfare, the fostering of education, the promotion and conduct of research and development, and the dissemination of technical, educational and scientific information relating to electronic communication, the representation of radio amateurs in regulatory matters, and the promotion of fraternalism and high standards of conduct among radio amateurs. It serves its members by protecting and enhancing radio spectrum access and providing a national resource to the public. Principles of Cooperation    ARRL will serve as a key resource for K2BSA and Radio Merit Badge training at the BSA National Scout Jamboree. Support may include assisting the K2BSA Director with program development and the recruitment of staff members, coordination with manufacturers to provide necessary equipment resources, providing FCC volunteer examiner (VE) testing supplies for use at the Jamboree, and furnishing Amateur Radio publications for use by K2BSA staff members and visitors. ARRL will continue to promote participation in the annual Jamboree on the Air (JOTA) event to its members, the general Amateur Radio community, and Amateur Radio clubs. ARRL will also continue to encourage the organization of local JOTA efforts for Scouts and Scouters to participate in, and provide material resources that aid in an effective JOTA event. ARRL will serve as contributing editor to the Radio Merit Badge publication (those sections pertaining to Amateur Radio), will assist with the review, creation and modification of requirements as necessary, and will assist in developing course material, lesson plans, and other resources for teaching the Radio Merit Badge to Scouts. To the extent that BSA desires, ARRL will contribute to the content of the Electricity, Electronics, and Emergency Preparedness and Communications merit badge publications, especially in areas that currently, or may in the future, pertain to Amateur Radio. BSA, by virtue of its active membership and its outdoor program, represents a significant source of potential new radio operators looking to utilize Amateur Radio for emergency communications while in the field, education, experimentation, and friendship. BSA will encourage Scouts and Scouters to become familiar with opportunities for public and community service and personal growth through involvement in Amateur Radio.
3 | P a g e     General Provisions    The parties shall maintain open communication, cooperation, and support in furtherance of their mutual goals and objectives. This Memorandum of Understanding may be amended only with the written consent of both parties. Either party to this Memorandum of Understanding may terminate this Memorandum of Understanding by providing written notice to the other party thirty (30) days prior to its intent to terminate. The parties assume joint responsibility for the form and composition of this Memorandum of Understanding and no provision of this agreement shall be construed presumptively for or against either of the parties. Neither party to this MOU has the authority to act on behalf of the other party or bind the other party to any obligation. This MOU is not intended to be enforceable in any court of law or dispute resolution forum. The sole remedy for non‐performance under this MOU shall be termination, with no damages or penalty.     FOR THE AMERICAN RADIO RELAY LEAGUE:      __________________________________________ ____________   Dated _______________  Dr. Kay Craigie, President        FOR THE BOY SCOUTS OF AMERICA:      ____________________________________________ _________ Dated ________________  Robert J. Mazzuca, Chief Scout Executive  
Memorandum of Agreement Between American Radio Relay League, Inc. And Civil Air Patrol Purpose The purpose of this document is to state the terms of a mutual agreement (Memorandum of Agreement) between the Civil Air Patrol (CAP) and the American Radio Relay League, Inc. (ARRL) to provide a broad framework for cooperation between the two organizations during emergencies and disasters, for education of members regarding the capabilities and regulatory environments of CAP and the Amateur Radio Service, to promote interest in public service especially among the nation's youth, as well as other activities in which cooperation may be mutually beneficial. Background Members of ARRL and CAP share common goals of serving the public through efficient and effective use of radio communications. To this end, members of both organizations engage in regular training to prepare for emergency and disaster communications. Members of both organizations provide important communications capability to the Homeland Security programs of the United States. CAP uses radio communications primarily to ensure the safe and efficient prosecution of its own operational missions authorized and funded by various Departments and Agencies of the United States Government. Additional assistance is also provided to state and local government entities. CAP personnel are tasked by various authorizing agencies to support these entities and CAP communications is generally considered to be an essential resource that is critical to the successful performance of CAP's missions. Amateur Radio operators have a long history of providing radio communication support to served agencies in both the governmental and private sectors in response to emergencies and disasters. There are a number of programs, including several sponsored by the ARRL, which facilitate cooperation between Radio Amateurs and served agencies at both the national and local levels. Such missions often require CAP members and Amateur Radio operators to work closely together to meet the public need. In addition, many people hold both ARRL and CAP membership and are authorized to operate on both Amateur Radio and U.S. Government radio frequencies assigned to CAP. Such circumstances occasionally result in confusion about the proper use and role of the respective radio services. As a result of this Memorandum of Agreement, CAP and ARRL will make every effort to educate their members about the role of the two organizations, the two services' regulatory environments, and especially the rationale for rules pertaining to use of Amateur Radio frequencies by CAP operators who hold Amateur Radio licenses. This educational process will help promote a better understanding of the capabilities and restrictions of both organizations and will enable CAP and ARRL leaders at the local levels to more effectively utilize and integrate the resources of both organizations in exercises and actual emergencies. 1 of 3
Recognitions The parties to this memorandum recognize the following points about their mutual missions and relationship: 1. It is recognized that although many CAP volunteers also hold Amateur Radio licenses, CAP operates on frequencies regulated by the National Telecommunications & Information Administration (NTIA) and CAP operators are required to use NTIA-compliant radio equipment on those frequencies. 2. It is recognized that the ARRL is the national association for Amateur Radio in the United States. A principal purpose of ARRL in the furtherance of the public welfare is the establishment of Amateur Radio networks to provide electronic communications in the event of disasters or other emergencies. To achieve this purpose, ARRL offers formal training in emergency communications, publishes literature concerning emergency communications, and sponsors volunteer programs through which Radio Amateurs may offer their services to governmental and private-sector served agencies. Most of ARRL's volunteer emergency communications programs function as part of the ARRL Field Organization, so as to be responsive to events taking place at the state and local level. 3. It is further recognized that persons acting as CAP members are required to operate on frequencies reserved for the federal government pursuant to a license granted by a federal agency. These frequencies are for official use only by CAP members and may not be disclosed to unauthorized personnel, i.e. Amateur Radio operators. CAP members have no special authority to operate on Amateur Radio frequencies by reason of their membership in CAP. Therefore, use of Amateur Radio while acting as a CAP member is inconsistent with Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Regulations, including 47 CFR §97.113(a)(3) and §97.113(a)(5) and the U.S. Government Table of Frequency Allocations contained in the NTIA Manual of Regulations and Procedures for Federal Radio Frequency Management (47 CFR 300). CAP regulations specify that Amateur Radio frequencies shall not be used to conduct the regular business of CAP. 4. It is further recognized that licensed radio stations may make use of any means of radio communication available to provide essential communications to protect the immediate safety of human life and to provide the immediate protection of property when normal communication systems are not available. (See FCC Part 97, Subpart E and NTIA Manual Section 7). Mutual Support ARRL and CAP agree to the following mutual support and cooperation activities: 1. Promote awareness of and respect for the difference in regulations governing radio communications by CAP and Amateur Radio. 2. Promote interest in skills applicable to both organizations' operations, such as radio direction- finding, basic electronics, and effective operating discipline. 3. Provide opportunities for their respective members, particularly youth, to learn how to join CAP and how to become Amateur Radio operators. 2 of 3
4. Provide a broad framework for cooperation between the two organizations during emergencies and disasters. 5. Share information on appropriate volunteer training opportunities. 6. Carry out joint training exercises to provide simulated emergency and disaster communications support when suitable occasions are identified at local, regional, or national levels. These exercises may include CAP training missions in which Amateur Radio volunteers use their personal equipment on Amateur frequencies while CAP volunteers use equipment approved for CAP operation on Federal frequencies assigned to CAP. 7. This MOA does not convey Air Force Assigned Mission (AFAM) status. In order for joint exercises to be conducted as Air Force missions, prior approval is required from CAP- USAF, the CAP's Air Force liaison and oversight agency. EffectiveDates: This MOA will become effective on the date the last party signs this MOA. Either party may terminate this MOA by giving the other party thirty (30) days notice of intent to terminate. All modifications to this agreement must be in writing and signed by both parties. Jim Haynie, W5JBP Date President, American Radio Relay League, Inc. Civil Air Patrol, by Dwight H. Wheless Date Major General, CAP Commander CAP-USAF, by 17 May 05 George C. Vogt Date Colonel, USAF Commander 3 of 3
Memorandum of Understanding between The American National Red Cross and ARRL, the national association for Amateur Radio
American Red Cross ARRL, the national association for Amateur Radio MOU – Red Cross and ARRL Page 2 of 12 Document version: Feb. 2010 I. Purpose The purpose of the Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) is to document the relationship between the American National Red Cross (the “Red Cross”) and the ARRL, the national association for Amateur Radio (the “ARRL”). This MOU provides a broad framework for cooperation between the two organizations in preparing for and responding to disaster relief situations at all levels in rendering assistance and service to victims of disaster, as well as other services for which cooperation may be mutually beneficial. II. Independence of Operations Each party to this MOU will maintain its own identity in providing services. Each organization is separately responsible for establishing its own policies and financing its own activities. III. Organization Descriptions The American Red Cross is a humanitarian organization led by volunteers and guided by its Congressional Charter and the Fundamental Principles of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement. The Red Cross provides relief to victims of disasters and helps people prevent, prepare for and respond to emergencies. The Red Cross provides services to those in need regardless of citizenship, race, religion, age, sex, national origin, disability, sexual orientation, veteran status or political affiliation. The ARRL is the national membership association for Amateur Radio operators. The ARRL is a not-for-profit organization that engages in the promotion of interest in Amateur Radio communication and experimentation; the establishment of Amateur Radio networks to provide electronic communications in the event of disasters or other emergencies; the furtherance of the public welfare; the advancement of the radio art; the fostering and promotion of noncommercial intercommunication by electronic means throughout the world; the fostering of education in the field of electronic communication; the promotion and conduct of research and development to further the development of electronic communication; the dissemination of technical, educational and scientific information relating to electronic communication; and the printing and publishing of documents, books, magazines, newspapers and pamphlets necessary or incidental to any of the above purposes.
American Red Cross ARRL, the national association for Amateur Radio MOU – Red Cross and ARRL Page 3 of 12 Document version: Feb. 2010 IV. Methods of Cooperation The Red Cross and ARRL desire to expand their mutually-beneficial relationship to enhance community disaster preparedness and coordinate disaster planning and response activities as follows: Relationship building  Open Communications: Each organization will share current appropriate data regarding disasters, disaster declarations, and changes in regulations, technology and legislation related to communications. The same interaction and liaison will be encouraged at all levels of both organizations, to include all Red Cross chapters, ARRL sections and subordinate levels.  Local partnerships: Each organization will encourage its local units to communicate with the other organization’s corresponding local unit to explore opportunities for collaboration. These units may perform cooperative efforts such as disaster planning and preparedness, first aid, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), health courses, communications training and licensing, and community disaster education. Cooperative efforts could include participation in predisaster planning or any other of the methods of cooperation listed here or as listed in the sample local agreement found in Attachment C, Sample Statement of Cooperation for local organizational units. Attachment C may be modified or updated by joint agreement of each organization’s points of contact (listed in Attachment A, Organization Contact Information) without requiring a resigning of this MOU.  Shared members: Each organization will encourage interested volunteers to become members and participate in the activities of the other organization. Such volunteers shall meet the standards, have the responsibilities and be entitled to the privileges of each organization.  ARRL volunteers supporting the Red Cross: The ARRL may provide volunteers to assist the American Red Cross with communications in support of disaster relief roles as may be mutually agreed upon at the local and national levels. The Red Cross requires the completion of a criminal background check to participate in Red Cross activities. A criminal background check may be performed through the Red Cross process at no cost to the volunteer, or by State or local law enforcement agency at the volunteer’s own initiative and expense. The Red Cross is only responsible for the costs of background checks conducted through their processes. The ARRL accepts the requirement of a criminal background check for volunteers but prefers that such checks be performed by law-enforcement entities. The Red Cross agrees that ARRL volunteers shall not be asked or required to consent to credit checks, mode of living investigations, or investigative consumer reports in order to provide a communications function.  Red Cross members supporting the ARRL: Red Cross volunteers affiliated with a local Chapter that hold a valid Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Amateur Radio License are encouraged to participate in the Amateur Radio Emergency Service (ARES®) program to develop emergency communications skills, cross-train in local disaster drills and exercises, and integrate Chapter communications resources into the local emergency management structure.
American Red Cross ARRL, the national association for Amateur Radio MOU – Red Cross and ARRL Page 4 of 12 Document version: Feb. 2010 Assumptions  Radio station operations: It is understood and agreed that amateur radio operators, being licensed and regulated by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), shall at all times exercise sole and exclusive control over the operation of their radio stations. Such control cannot be surrendered or delegated, in accordance with Federal law.  Radio operators: It is understood and agreed that radio operators have skills that extend beyond amateur radio frequencies and equipment. These skills may be applied to operate on Red Cross frequencies and equipment.  FCC Licenses: The Red Cross is responsible for any licensing arrangements necessary for Red Cross operations that occur outside amateur radio licenses, or any amateur radio licenses established by American Red Cross Amateur Radio Club Stations. Individual amateur radio operators are responsible for the maintenance and renewal of their personal licenses. Activities  Training: The Red Cross recognizes the leadership and expertise of the ARRL in the area of amateur radio communications. Where appropriate, the Red Cross will rely on materials created by the ARRL to train radio communicators. Additionally, the ARRL offers training in Amateur Radio emergency communications that is mutually beneficial to the ARRL and to the American Red Cross. Volunteers holding valid ARRL Emergency Communications certificates of completion will be recognized for this knowledge.  Joint exercises: Chapters, Sections and subordinate units of each organization will be encouraged to engage in joint training exercises.  ARRL Field Day: The Red Cross will encourage all chapters to participate in ARRL Field Day, the Simulated Emergency Test (SET) and other emergency exercises. Participation may take many forms, including Red Cross officials visiting and touring sites to better understand the capabilities of local ARRL volunteers and ARES® units, or the joint use of Red Cross equipment such as vehicles or trailers.  Planning: Planning needs will be identified, tasked and completed to address issues beneficial to both organizations in responding to events. Such issues can be, but are not limited to pre-staging communications equipment, coordination of Mass Care and Damage Assessment support activities, and catastrophic disaster plans for high risk areas of the United States. During disasters  On-scene cooperation: Both ARRL volunteers and American Red Cross workers will work cooperatively at the scene of a disaster and in the disaster recovery, within the scope of their respective roles and duties as recommended in Attachment D, ARRL Roles on Red Cross Disaster Relief Operations.  National HQ coordination: Operational coordination between Red Cross HQ and ARRL HQ will occur through the primary points of contact as shown in Attachment A, Organization Contact Information or other officially designated staff. Reports and data that are mutually beneficial to each organization’s operations and mission assignments
American Red Cross ARRL, the national association for Amateur Radio MOU – Red Cross and ARRL Page 5 of 12 Document version: Feb. 2010 will be exchanged.  Communications: Whenever there is a disaster requiring the use of amateur radio communications resources and/or facilities, the local Red Cross Chapter may request the assistance of the local ARES organization responsible for the jurisdiction of the scene of the disaster. This assistance may include: alert and mobilization of ARRL ARES® personnel in accordance with a prearranged plan; establishment and maintenance of fixed, mobile, and portable station emergency communication facilities for local radio coverage; point-to-point contact between Red Cross personnel and locations; and the maintenance of the continuity of communications for the duration of the emergency period until normal communications channels are substantially restored, or until radio communications are no longer necessary in support of the response to the disaster.  Equipment sharing: Each organization may request equipment for temporary use to support operations. The specifics of responsibility and liability of the loaned equipment will be developed as part of plans and procedures, in writing, and are separate from this agreement.  Health and Welfare Messages: The Red Cross processes general welfare messages through the Red Cross Safe & Well web site. ARRL volunteers are encouraged to assist in registering people on the Safe & Well website by passing the required information from a point in the disaster area to someone outside the disaster area who can enter the information on the Safe & Well website. No special training or pre-defined agreements are necessary for ARRL volunteers to do this. The Safe and Well website is located on www.redcross.org. V. General a. The Red Cross and ARRL will use or display the name, emblem, or trademarks of the other organization only in the case of defined projects and only with the prior, express, written consent of the other organization. b. The Red Cross and ARRL will keep the public informed of their cooperative efforts through their public information offices during the time of disaster. c. The Red Cross and ARRL will widely distribute this MOU within the respective departments, administrative offices and subordinate levels of each organization and urge full cooperation. d. The Red Cross and ARRL will allocate responsibility for any shared expenses in writing in advance of any commitment. e. Local units of the Red Cross and subordinate levels in the ARRL Field Organization that desire a localized MOU to meet specific needs and conditions will utilize a format as shown in Attachment C, Sample Statement of Cooperation for local organizational units. f. ARRL agrees to adhere to Attachment B - the Code of Conduct for the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement and NGOs in Disaster Relief as it applies to disaster- caused situations in the USA. Attachment B will not be changed without a resigning of the MOU by both parties.
American Red Cross ARRL, the national association for Amateur Radio MOU – Red Cross and ARRL Page 6 of 12 Document version: Feb. 2010 VI. Periodic Review and Analysis Representatives of the Red Cross and ARRL will, on an annual basis on or around the anniversary date of this MOU, jointly evaluate their progress in implementing this MOU and revise and develop new plans or goals as appropriate. VII. Term and Termination This MOU is effective as of the date of the last signature below and expires on March 24, 2015, five years from the signature date. The parties may extend this MOU for an additional period not exceeding five years, and if so shall confirm this in a signed writing. It may be terminated by written notice from either party to the other at any time. VIII. Miscellaneous Neither party to this MOU has the authority to act on behalf of the other party or bind the other party to any obligation. This MOU is not intended to be enforceable in any court of law or dispute resolution forum. The sole remedy for non-performance under this MOU shall be termination, with no damages or penalty. IX. Signatures
American Red Cross ARRL, the national association for Amateur Radio MOU – Red Cross and ARRL Page 7 of 12 Attachment A – Organization Contact Information Document version: Feb. 2010 ATTACHMENT A – Organization Contact Information Primary Points of Contact The primary points of contact in each organization will be responsible for the implementation of the MOU in their respective organizations, coordinating activities between organizations, and responding to questions regarding this MOU. In the event that the primary point of contact is no longer able to serve, a new contact will be designated and the other organization informed of the change. Contact changes do not require any renegotiation of this MOU. Relationship Manager* and Operational Contact** American Red Cross ARRL Contact Keith Robertory Contact Michael P. Corey Title Manager, Disaster Technology Title Manager, Emergency Preparedness and Response Office phone 202-303-8628 Office phone 860-594-0222 24x7 Contact 202-303-4126 Mobile 860-597-8643 e-mail robertoryk@usa.redcross.org or dst@usa.redcross.org e-mail W5mpc@arrl.org *The Relationship Manager is the person that works with the partner organization in developing and executing the MOU. **The Operational Contact is the person each organization will call to initiate the disaster response activities as defined in the MOU. Organization Information American Red Cross ARRL Department Disaster Services Technology Department ARRL Address 2025 E Street, NW Washington, DC 20006 Address 225 Main Street Newington, CT 06111-1494 e-mail dst@usa.redcross.org e-mail info@arrl.org Website http://www.redcross.org/ Website www.arrl.org
American Red Cross ARRL, the national association for Amateur Radio MOU – Red Cross and ARRL Page 8 of 12 Attachment B – Code of Conduct Document version: Feb. 2010 ATTACHMENT B Code of Conduct for The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement and NGOs in Disaster Relief Principle Commitments: 1. The Humanitarian imperative comes first. 2. Aid is given regardless of the race, creed or nationality of the recipients and without adverse distinction of any kind. Aid priorities are calculated on the basis of need alone. 3. Aid will not be used to further a particular political or religious standpoint. 4. We shall endeavor not to act as instruments of government foreign policy. 5. We shall respect culture and custom. 6. We shall attempt to build disaster response on local capacities. 7. Ways shall be found to involve program beneficiaries in the management of relief aid. 8. Relief aid must strive to reduce future vulnerabilities to disaster as well as meeting basic needs. 9. We hold ourselves accountable to both those we seek to assist and those from whom we accept resources. 10. In our information, publicity and advertising activities, we shall recognize disaster victims as dignified human beings, not hopeless objects. ___________________________________________________________________________ More information about the code of conduct can be found at http://www.ifrc.org/publicat/conduct/ The Code Register The International Federation is keeping a public record of all those NGOs who register their commitment to the Code. The full text of the Code including a registration form is published by the International Federation and is available upon request. (Telephone +41 22 7304222, Fax +41 22 7330395). Non-governmental Organizations who would like to register their support for this Code and their willingness to incorporate its principles into their work should fill in and return the registration form.
American Red Cross ARRL, the national association for Amateur Radio MOU – Red Cross and ARRL Page 9 of 12 Attachment C – Statement of Cooperation for local organizational units Document version: Feb. 2010 ATTACHMENT C – Sample Statement of Cooperation for local organizational units American Red Cross XXX Chapter and <<XXX>>Cooperative Agreement The purpose of this Statement of Cooperation is to document the relationship between the American Red Cross XXXXX Chapter and the <<XXX (insert ARRL Section, ARES® unit or local radio club)>> for the purposes of disaster planning and response. This Statement of Cooperation provides the methods of cooperation between the two organizations in rendering assistance and service to victims of disaster, as well as other services for which cooperation may be mutually beneficial. This Statement of Cooperation incorporates by reference the details and limitations contained in the national MOU between the American Red Cross and the ARRL, the national association for Amateur Radio (the “ARRL”). Each organization retains its own identity in providing services, and each is responsible for establishing its own policies and financing its own activities. Concept of Cooperation The American Red Cross XXXXX Chapter and <<XXXX>> agree to the methods of cooperation listed in the American Red Cross and ARRL national MOU. In addition, they agree to the following specific local methods of cooperation. The American Red Cross XXXXX Chapter will: • Incorporate <<XXX>> in its response plans (EXAMPLE) • Provide preparedness training opportunities (EXAMPLE) • Provide shelter training (EXAMPLE) <<XXX>> will: • Provide personnel to assist with communications in support of disaster relief roles as agreed upon (EXAMPLE) • Expand their communications support to other activities within the disaster response system (Disaster Assessment, ERV driving) • Add another action as needed (EXAMPLE) This Statement of Cooperation is effective as of the date of the last signature below and expires on __________. It may be terminated by written notice from either party to the other at any time. Neither party to this Statement of Cooperation has the authority to act on behalf of the other party or bind the other party to any obligation. This Statement of Cooperation is not intended to be enforceable in any court of law or dispute resolution forum. The sole remedy for non-performance under this Statement of Cooperation shall be termination, with no damages or penalty.
American Red Cross ARRL, the national association for Amateur Radio MOU – Red Cross and ARRL Page 10 of 12 Attachment C – Statement of Cooperation for local organizational units Document version: Feb. 2010 The primary points of contact are: American Red Cross XXXXX Chapter Contact: e-mail: Office: Mobile: <<XXX>> Contact: e-mail: Office: Mobile: _______________________________________________________________________________ Signature American Red Cross XXXXX Signature <<XXX>> Print Name: _____________________________Print Name:_______________________________ Date: __________________________________ Date:____________________________________ Review Date (after one year): ________________________
American Red Cross ARRL, the national association for Amateur Radio MOU – Red Cross and ARRL Page 11 of 12 Attachment D – ARRL Roles on Red Cross Disaster Relief Operations Document version: Feb. 2010 ATTACHMENT D – ARRL Roles on Red Cross Disaster Relief Operations During a Red Cross Disaster Relief Operation (DRO), ARRL volunteers may perform in any of the following roles. These are examples of actual roles; they may or may not actually be included in all operations depending on the needs of the operation. It is possible that one person can support multiple roles or one role may require support from several people. This is not an exhaustive list and ARRL volunteers who have taken Red Cross Disaster Services training can participate in other roles. ARRL volunteers who are assigned roles by the Red Cross during a DRO will be provided with Red Cross credentials as required by the role, consistent with Red Cross policy. Amateur Radio Liaison: This role is for a person who is familiar with both Red Cross and local amateur radio operations. This role would establish contact with the local ARES unit, amateur radio club and repeater owners to provide a single technical-level point of contact for the DRO. If local agreements already exist, this role could be pre-designated. It would be expected that this role would be linked to a similar role in the partner organization. Communication Equipment Operator: This is a standard radio operator role for someone who would operate a two-way radio or other communication device at a fixed facility or mobile/portable location to support the DRO. They would pass messages from point to point either directly or through a message relay. Operators may use DRO-issued equipment or personally-owned equipment, and they may be on amateur radio frequencies or frequencies coordinated or licensed by the Red Cross. Communication Equipment Installation / Repair: This is a more technically hands-on role than the Operator. In this role, the person would be asked to temporarily install two-way radio equipment into a facility or vehicle that is under Red Cross authority through ownership, lease or rental. The equipment could include base-station radios, mobile radios and appropriate antennas. Equipment may also require field repairs, such as the radios installed into Red Cross ERVs. Disaster Assessment: Individuals who have taken the necessary training with the Red Cross can assess the damage caused by a disaster, and use their radio skills to relay that information back to a central point that will use the information to develop a complete picture of the event.
American Red Cross ARRL, the national association for Amateur Radio MOU – Red Cross and ARRL Page 12 of 12 Document version: Feb. 2010 MINOR DOCUMENT REVISIONS November 1, 2010  Corrected sentence structure in Section IV, During Disasters, Communication to read properly  Updated ARRL Contact Information
A Case for Volunteer (Amateur Radio) Emcomm
A Case for Volunteer (Amateur Radio) Emcomm
A Case for Volunteer (Amateur Radio) Emcomm
A Case for Volunteer (Amateur Radio) Emcomm
A Case for Volunteer (Amateur Radio) Emcomm
A Case for Volunteer (Amateur Radio) Emcomm
A Case for Volunteer (Amateur Radio) Emcomm
A Case for Volunteer (Amateur Radio) Emcomm
A Case for Volunteer (Amateur Radio) Emcomm
A Case for Volunteer (Amateur Radio) Emcomm
A Case for Volunteer (Amateur Radio) Emcomm
A Case for Volunteer (Amateur Radio) Emcomm
A Case for Volunteer (Amateur Radio) Emcomm
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A Case for Volunteer (Amateur Radio) Emcomm

  • 1. PEMA ACS Steering Committee Spring 2013 rev 2
  • 2. About Amateur Radio FCC licensed radio enthusiasts • 750,000 hams in USA • 37,398 hams in Pennsylvania Amateur Radio Service • FCC Rules Part 97 • Voluntary,noncommercial communication service particularly with respect to providing emergency communications • Expansion of the existing reservoir of trained operators, technicians and electronics experts • Station and Operator are granted separate operating authority via license • Generous grants of frequencies, modes; broad discretion in power, antenna and locations • Examination-based operator licenses with three classes:Technician,General, Amateur Extra Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service (“RACES”) • Allows civil defense transmissions using Amateur Radio under a PresidentialWar Powers Act declaration,47 USC §606 per 47 USC §97.407 (FCC Part 97 Subpart E, “RACES”) • Stations must be registered by a civil defense organization • Operators must be FCC licensed and certified as enrolled in that civil defense organization • Communications restricted to certified civil defense stations • Certification is valid only within the territory of the sponsoring civil defense organization • Non-emergency training operations restricted to one hour per week and up to two State authorized drills per year, not to exceed 72 hours duration each 6/15/2013 2ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm Partner
  • 3. About ARRL The National Association for Amateur Radio • More than 160,000 dues paying members • 5,739 members in Pennsylvania • 15 Divisions • 71 Sections • More than 2,000 affiliated radio clubs • Trivia: ARRL’s diamond logo is the schematic diagram for a simple radio! 100Years of Service • Founded in 1914 by Hiram Percy Maxim,“W1AW” • Non-profit educational institution headquartered in Newington, CT • All 50 states, D.C., USVirgin Islands • Elected Board of Directors • Current President is Kay Cragie N3KN (late of Paoli, Chester County) Mission: to Promote and Advance Amateur Radio • Public Service • Advocacy • Education • Technology • Membership 6/15/2013 3ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm Partner
  • 4. The Go-to Emcomm NGO ARRLTrusted Partnerships Proven Management Field Operations Education & Training Consulting Expertise 6/15/2013 4ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm Partner
  • 5. ARRL Public Service Timeline 6/15/2013 ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm Partner 5 ARRL organized radiogram relays at its founding in 1914 • “Trunk Lines” similar to telegraph and telephone – “point-to-point” in today’s jargon ARRL Emergency Corps (AEC) established 1935 • Renamed Amateur Radio Emergency Corps (AREC) in 1951 • Made emergency division of ARPSC in 1963 • Current name Amateur Radio Emergency Service (ARES) was adopted in 1978 NTS organized in 1949 • Regularized point-to-point and ad hoc traffic relay with state-of-the-art network design • Scalable and disciplined“Hub and Spoke” or “Star Schema” ARRL & FCC create RACES in1952 • Based on WWII-era “War Emergency Radio Service” • Subpart F permits transmissions during PresidentialWar Powers Act declaration • Extremely rare – only once in postWWII-era (and that is perhaps an urban legend) • With end of DOD/FCDA*,RACES was orphaned to the discretion of state and local governments Amateur Radio Public Service Corps chartered in 1963 • Now simply,“the Field Organization” * Federal Civilian Defense Administration
  • 6. National MOUs ARRL ARC APC O BSA Citize n Corps CAP FCC FEMA NFCC NVOA D REAC T SATE RN SKY- WAR N SBE US Power Sqdn 6/15/2013 6ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm NGO Clockwise: ARC APCO BSA Citizen Corps CAP FCC FEMA NFCC NVOAD REACT SATERN SKYWARN SBE USPS
  • 7. AVolunteer Emcomm Solution 6/15/2013 ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm Partner 7 Partner with ARRL for program management • Frees PEMA’s budget and manpower for primary mission • Leverage ARRL’s core competency: volunteer emcomm management ARRL’s value proposition • Organization: leverage League’s existing structures and networks • Program Management: from strategy to implementation,at state, county and local levels • Equipment: substantial private inventory of interoperable assets • Relationships: in many counties and metro EMAs • Accountability: from qualified and respected leaders • Training: broadly available, cost-effective, rigorous and flexible to your requirements • Efficiency:through single-source provider concept PEMA retains policy control • Authority and scope of program • Service level agreements (SLA) • Statewide certification requirements • Single POC for program management and reporting • Minimal PEMA overhead and resource commitment
  • 8. 6/15/2013 ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm Partner 8 Links to existing PEMA command structures • State level: standards and coordination • Local level: operations and command • ARESMAT addresses escalation demands internally Facilitated integration of Disaster Response NGOs • Existing MOUs in many cases • Integration on a logical, needs-driven basis • Respects existing—and dedicated—missions while ensuring full capability in disaster Unbeatable Cost-Benefit Ratio • ARRL,ARES, and NTS are completely volunteer organizations • Operators come with substantial equipment and training • Additional training requirements can leverage PEMA or ARRL methodologies Benefits to ARRL • A prestigious new partnership • Continued justification for Amateur spectrum allocation • Civic goodwill and community visibility • Targeted recruiting opportunities • Fulfillment of our public service mission • Personal satisfaction from a worthy endeavour
  • 9. Field Organization Amateur Radio Emergency Service® --est.1935 NationalTraffic System® --est.1914/1949 FCC Amateur Auxiliary --Official Observers Corps --from earliest days of ARRL FCCVolunteer Examiners --license testing responsibility since 1982 6/15/2013 9ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm Partner
  • 10. ARRL Public-Private Cooperation Federal Communications Commission • RACES: ARRL partnered with FCC and DOD to establish this Civil Defense framework under Amateur Radio Service regulations. • Volunteer Examiner Coordinator System (VEC): developed modern concept ofVE testing in 1982 • Developed and administered all amateur exam elements since 1984 • ARRL administers 2/3 of all exams • FCC Amateur Radio Auxiliary recruits from the ARRL’s Official Observer Corps • We are proud to be “self-policing” to the highest level of “good engineering practice” NationalWeather Service • ARRL helped launch SKYWARN in 1970s • Established many local networks • Continues to support via ARES® units International Amateur Radio Union (IARU) •ARRL acts as IARU’s International Secretariat •Supplies headquarters staff and offices •RepresentsAmateur Radio at ITU andWRC meetings •Leading member of GAREC Committee (Global Amateur Radio Emergency Comms) 6/15/2013 10ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm Partner
  • 11. Education & Training Continuing Education Programs • Extensive catalog of courses on technology, operating practices, electronics, propagation • Online and CD/DVD • Classroom with live instructor available for ARECC • EC-001, Introduction to emergency Communication • EC-016, Public Service and Emergency Communications Management for Radio Amateurs Teaching and Testing • Volunteer Examiners • Volunteer Instructors • Mentors ARRL Publications • Monthly organ “QST” • QEX and NCJ • Extensive press catalogue of technical books, operating manuals (even adventure novels!) • CD and DVD catalogue is very healthy and growing Amateur Radio in the Classroom • Teacher training • Syllabus support • Teaching aids 6/15/2013 11ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm Partner
  • 12. Consulting Expertise Membership • Technical consulting (Volunteer Consulting Engineer program) • Legal advice (Volunteer Counsel program) Regulators • ARRL Monitoring System (“Intruder Watch”) and FCC Amateur Auxiliary • Independent studies and research • Regulation development and commentary • Lobbying and advocacy Industry • Participation through industry associations • ARRL Publications,“The Handbook” General public • RFI complaints • Municipalities and zoning ordinances • Emergency communications support issues • Misc. legal issues 6/15/2013 12ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm Partner
  • 13. Amateur Radio Emergency Service 6/15/2013 ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm Partner 13 County-level volunteer radio units • More than1,000 registered operators in Pennsylvania • Skill and performance levels can be impressive (e.g., Chester Co.ARES/RACES) • All have basic radio skills and desire to serve • Emergency Coordinator leads operations, often from county EOC • Best practice: doubles as county’s RACES officer • Builds response team from the local community Personally owned equipment • Basic capability isVHF/UHF fone (voice) • Many stations are HF and Data capable using AX.25 Packet, Pactor and NBEMS • Members are encouraged to create “go kits”, have backup power at home, and frequently own four- wheel drive vehicles ARESMAT:Mutual AssistanceTeam Concept • Organizes and directs operators willing to travel to disaster zones • Helps minimize spontaneous volunteer difficulties
  • 14. 6/15/2013 ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm Partner 14 ARES unit-owned equipment • VHF/UHF repeaters are commonly established • Some units receive financial support from local authorities and regional authorities • Enables sophisticatedAmateur infrastructure and advanced capabilities • Linked repeater systems • D-STAR digital voice and digital data • Typically enjoy dedicated space at county EOC, the “ARES Room” Quality control and coordination • Oversight exercised by hierarchical oversight/coordination • Section,District and County levels • Peer review ARRL offers training and credentialing • “Official Emergency Station” is the basic ARES credential • ARECC EC-001 provides introductory training including NIMS/ICS and actual field practices, aligned with FEMA/NFA home-study courses • ARECC EC-016 provides advanced training for ARES management personnel • Courses are updated periodically to incorporate evolving best practices
  • 15. National Traffic System 6/15/2013 ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm Partner 15 Proven and dependable wide-area coverage • System covers 83 Sections in U.S.A. and Canada • Almost 800 relay stations active in 2013 • Eastern Area NTS, Feb 2013 • 2,450 messages relayed manually • 9,477 messages relayed digitally • Transcontinental Corps, Feb 2013 • 1,219 messages relayed manually NTS is a system not a specific technology • 800 operators in all US states, Canadian provinces and ARRL sections • Hierarchical and scalable - up to 4 cycles/day • Emergency operations may be ad hoc • Point-to-point relay • Multimode to interface with any available networks and stations • Traditional nets operate using CW (Morse code) and SSB fone • NTS Digital is an automated HF network • Winlink software customized for automatic operation • Uses SCS Pactor III technology for high-speed HF backbone links • Basic credential is “Official Relay Station” appointment
  • 16. NTS Digital HF Relay Network 6/15/2013 ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm Partner 16  Digital Relay Station  Regional MBO Station  Area Hub Station
  • 17. National Organizational Structure Articles of Association By-laws Elected Leadership Board of Directors Vice Directors Section Managers Appointed Officers CEO COO CFO CDO CTO HQ Staff President 1stVice President 2ndVice President VP of Int’l Affairs Secretary Treasurer 6/15/2013 17ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm Partner Legend Elected by Membership Professional Staff
  • 18. Section Management Division Director Section Manager Section Emergency Coordinator District Emergency Coordinators County Emergency Coordinators Official Emergency Stations Section Traffic Manager Net Managers Official Relay Stations Digital Relay Stations Official Observer Coordinator Official Observers Technical Coordinator Technical Specialists Public Information Coordinators Public Information Officers State Government Liaison Local Government Liaison Affiliated Club Coordinator ARRL Affiliated Clubs Legal Counsel Consulting Engineers 6/15/2013 18ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm Partner Elected Appointed Legend •Executive •Management •Supervisory •Specialist
  • 19. Ops Management 6/15/2013 ARRL: PEMA's Emcomm Partner 19 Sponsor Coordinate Supervise Liaison Perform
  • 20. Radio Service Amateur Radio Service Personal Radio Service (GMRS) Personal Radio Service (FRS) Multi-Use Radio Service (MURS) Public Radio Service (CB) Private Land Mobile Radio Alternate Names Ham Radio, Wireless General Mobile Radio Service Family Radio Service "Color Dot" Citizens Band Business Band "Color Dot" Intended Use Enthusiasts, Experimental Business, Personal Personal Business, Personal, Industrial Business, Personal Business, Industrial, Public Safety FCC Regulations Part 97 Part 95 A Part 95 B Part 95 J Part 95 D Part 90 C Operating Grant Licensed Licensed By Rule * By Rule * By Rule * Licensed License Term 10 years 5 years -- -- -- 10 years Filing Fee $25 $80 -- -- -- $210 + other fees Authorized Operations International National National National National Assigned Territory Frequency Allocation MF/HF/VHF/UHF/ SHF/EHF + 1.8 MHz – 250 GHz in defined bands (named by wavelength) UHF 462—467 MHz UHF 462—467 MHz VHF 151—154 MHz HF 26.9—27.4 MHz HF/VHF/UHF 25-50MHz 72-76 MHz 150-174 MHz 421-512 MHz 800/900/1430MHz Channel Assignments Frequency Agile (no restrictions) 23 1 (7 shared with FRS) 14 5 40 Numerous 3 w/trunking Interference Self-coordinated Shared Shared Shared Shared Shared (exc. PS) Appendix 1: Public Radio Services, Licensing & Regulatory Environment* 8 February 2012 20Two-Way Radio Services in the United States *“By Rule” means no operator or station license is required and none are granted. However, operators are required to comply with applicable FCC regulations. 1 Channels are restricted near US/Canadian border as certain frequencies are used in Canada by other radio services. 2 Deviation is restricted per channel used. 3 Channels are assigned by application to FCC-designated "Frequency Coordinators" and are allocated by intended purpose/demonstrated need. 4 Maximum power determined by regulation based on required service area and antenna height. 5 Station construction permits required. * Reprinted with permission from Two-Way Radio Services in the United States, © 2012 by Joseph Ames W3JY
  • 21. Radio Service Amateur Radio Service Personal Radio Service (GMRS) Personal Radio Service (FRS) Multi-Use Radio Service (MURS) Public Radio Service (CB) Private Land Mobile Radio Maximum Power 1,500W output 50W out mobile 15W out fixed sta. 5W out. small base 5/0.5W ERP W-T 0.5W ERP 2W output 4W output 12W PEP (SSB) 1,000W HF 300W HF/VHF-Low 500W VHF-High 4 500W UHF + 4 Typical Power 100W 0.5W 0.5W 2W 4W 5W-50W Modes AM, FM, SSB, CW, Data, Video FM FM AM, FM, Data AM, SSB AM, SSB, FM, Data CTCSS/DCS X X X X -- X Encryption -- -- -- -- -- X Handheld X X X X X X Mobile X X -- X X X Base X X -- X X X 5 Repeaters X X -- -- -- X Phone Patch X -- -- -- -- X Antenna Restrictions None. (FAA and municipal codes apply) 20' freestanding or 20' above building/tree Integrated, non- modifiable 60' freestanding 20' above building 60' freestanding 20' above building VARIOUS Realistic Range Global Local (+) Line of Sight (+) Local (-) Local (-) Local (+) Typical Cost of Equipment VARIES <$100 entry-level >$10,000 premium Commercial grade: $150 hand held $400 mobile Consumer grade: >$10 walkie-talkie Commercial grade: $100 to $500 Consumer grade: $60 - $200 mobile <$100 walkie-talkie Commercial grade: VARIOUS Appendix 2: Public Radio Services: Regulated Capabilities* 8 February 2012 21Two-Way Radio Services in the United States * Reprinted with permission from Two-Way Radio Services in the United States, © 2012 by Joseph Ames W3JY
  • 22. ARRL EPA Section Emergency Net Index May 2014 Name Service Area Freq (MHz) Offset PL Mode Scheduled Time Comments NATIONAL TRAFFIC SYSTEM Eastern Area Net (EAN) Eastern US 7.243 LSB 1430 ET NTS scheduled net Third Region Net (3RN) DE, MD, PA 7.243 LSB 1600 ET NTS scheduled net - alt 3.917 "" DE, MD, PA 3557.000 CW 1945 & 2130 NTS scheduled net Pennsylvania Traffic Net (PTN) EPA + WPA 3.585 CW 1900 + 2200 ET NTS scheduled net, formerly EPA and WPA, now merged EPA Echolink Traffic Net (EAETN) EPA 146.640 - 82.5 FM 2000 ET Thurs via AA3RG (Pine Grove) and Echolink node AA3RG-R EPA Emergency Phone & Traffic Net (EPAEPTN) EPA 3.917 LSB 1800 ET EPA Section ARES Guard Frequency; NTS scheduled net WPA Phone & Traffic Net WPA 3.983 LSB 1800 ET NTS scheduled net; wintertime 3.983MHz, 1645 ET ARES/RACES PEMA/RACES Eastern Pa. 3.9875 LSB 0900 ET SUN RACES scheduled net "" Central Pa. 3.9935 LSB 0830 ET SUN RACES scheduled net "" Western Pa. 3.9905 LSB 0900 ET SUN RACES scheduled net "" Pennsylvania 3.9935 LSB 0800 ET 1st SUN RACES scheduled net / Primary emergency freq "" Pennsylvania 3.9845 LSB Wartime/Emergency Secondary emergency frequency "" Pennsylvania 3.9995 LSB Wartime/Emergency Secondary emergency frequency "" Pennsylvania 7.2545 LSB Wartime/Emergency Secondary emergency frequency "" Pennsylvania 7.2505 LSB Wartime/Emergency Secondary emergency frequency PEMA Eastern Area EPA 146.835 - 88.5 FM Wartime/Emergency PEMA network repeater, Eagleville ARES District 1 Guard Frequency Greater Philadelphia 147.270 + 77 FM As Required Per MOU with WN3A Bucks Co ARES Bucks Co. Pa. 147.090 + 131.8 FM 2100 ET Wed Bucks Co. Primary Chester Co. ARES/RACES Net Chester Co. Pa. 146.940 131.8 FM 1930 ET Thurs W. Chester (linked to 440 UHF network) secondary "" Chester Co. Pa. 446.175 + 100.0 FM 1930 ET Thurs South Chester-W. Chester (linked to 446.525 & 446.175) primary "" Chester Co. Pa. 446.175 - 100.0 FM 1930 ET Thurs North Chester-W. Chester (linked to 446.525 & 448.875) primary "" Chester Co. Pa. 446.525 - 100.0 FM 1930 ET Thurs Central Chester- W. Chester (linked to 446.175 & 448.875) primary Delaware Co. ARES/RACES Net Delaware Co. Pa. 446.925 + 173.8 FM 1930 ET Wed Delaware Co. Primary Montgomery Co. RACES Net Montgomery Co. Pa. 146.835 - 88.5 FM 1900 ET Thurs Weekly Net - VHF; Echolink "" Montgomery Co. Pa. 53.410 - 131.8 FM 1901 ET Thurs Weekly Net - VHF "" Montgomery Co. Pa. 449.125 - 88.5 FM 1900 ET Thurs Weekly Net - UHF Link "" Montgomery Co. Pa. 3.994 LSB 1900 ET Thurs Weekly HF Circuit Test - 1900-1915 "" Montgomery Co. Pa. 28.410 USB 1915 ET Thurs Weekly HF Circuit Test - 1915-1930 "" Montgomery Co. Pa. 445.01875 - DV 1900 ET Thurs Weekly Net - D-Star 445.01875/440.01875 MHz "" Montgomery Co. Pa. 1255.575 - DV 1901 ET Thurs Weekly Net - D-Star 1255.5750/1243.5750 MHz Philadelphia ARES Net Philadelphia, Pa. 147.030 + 91.5 FM 2100 ET Sun Philadelphia Philadelphia ARES Net Philadelphia, Pa. 444.800 + 186.2 FM 2100 ET Sun Philadelphia SKYWARN Montgomery Co. Skywarn Montgomery Co. Pa. 146.835 - 88.5 FM As Required Activated ad hoc Chester Co. Skywarn Chester Co Pa. 146.940 - 131.8 FM As Required + + + +unconfirmed + + + + Delco Skywarn Delaware Co Pa. 446.925 - 173.8 FM As Required EPA VHF Nets K3PDR D -STAR Net Philadelphia Metro 445.18125 - DV 2000 ET Mondays Sponsored by Phila. Digital Radio Association Lower Bucks Co. Emcom Group 2m FM Simplex Net Lower Bucks Co Pa 147.420 FM 2010ET Mondays Alternate 147.450 Marple -Newtown Weather & Information Net Philadelphia Metro 147.195 + 100.0 FM 0830 ET Daily Sponsored by Marple -Newtown ARC K3MN/R EPA Emergency Net Data 2014-05-18.xlsx Page 1 of 2
  • 23. ARRL EPA Section Emergency Net Index May 2014 Name Service Area Freq (MHz) Offset PL Mode Scheduled Time Comments Mid Atlantic D -STAR Net Mid Atlantic US 147.610 - DV 2002 ET alt. Tuesdays K3PDR- Phila. Digital Radio Association "" Mid Atlantic US 445.18125 - DV 2000 ET alt. Tuesdays K3PDR- Phila. Digital Radio Association "" Mid Atlantic US 440.01875 - DV 2001 ET alt. Tuesdays AA3E Monco RACES repeater LDS Church Emcomm Net PA/NJ/NY various FM 2100 ET Wednesdays BEARS network / linked repeaters RF Hill Traffic Net Bucks Co Pa 145.310 - 131.8 Wed, Sun 2000 ET RF Hill NTS Net HF Service Nets - Misc. East Coast Amateur Radio Service (ECARS) Eastern/Coastal US 7.255 LSB Daytime hours Public service net for mobile operators Maritime Mobile Service Net / Intercontinental Net Global 14.300 USB Noon - 9PM ET H&W for maritime vessels, overseas servicemen Midwest Amateur Radio Service Midwestern US 7.258 LSB Daytime hours Public service net for mobile operators North Central Amateur Radio Service Northern Midwest US 7.197 LSB Daytime hours Public service net for mobile operators Radio Rescue Net CONUS 3.911 LSB Local Nighttime Monitored guard freq for mobile distress, ass't (MMN) SATERN HF CONUS 14.265 USB 1500Z M -Sat Disaster Response / Training SATERN HF - Eastern Area ("SATEAST") East region US 7.265 LSB 1700Z Sat Disaster Response / Training South Coast Amateur Radio Service Gulf Coast Rehion US 7.251 LSB Daytime hours Public service net for mobile operators NY-NJ-NE Central Jersey Traffic Net Central NJ 146.760 - 156.7 FM 2000 ET LATE SESSION Jersey Shore ARS Traffic Net Jersey Shore 146.895 - 151.4 FM 1930 Daily New England Weather Net New England and East Coast 3.905 LSB 0530--0630 daily Weather and information for New England and East Coast New Jersey Net State of NJ 3.544 1900 & 2200 ET New Jersey Phone Net State of NJ 3.950 LSB 1700 ET M-Sat, 0900 Sun NTS Affiliate New Jersey VHF Net NNJ Section 146.700 - 141.3 FM 2230 ET LATE SESSION "" NNJ Section 146.895 - 151.4 FM 1930 ET EARLY SESSION New York State Operations Net New York State 3.925 LSB 1700 ET NTS scheduled net South Jersey Traffic Net SNJ Section 145.470 - 127.3 FM 2000 ET M-W-F-Sun EARLY SESSION "" SNJ Section 147.150 * 127.3 FM 2001 ET M-W-F-Sun EARLY SESSION "" SNJ Section 147.345 + 127.3 FM 2000 ET T-Th-Sat LATE SESSION LDS Church Emcomm Net PA/NJ/NY various FM 2100 ET Wednesdays BEARS network / linked repeaters DEL-MAR-VA Delaware Traffic Net DE 3.905 LSB 1830 ET M -Sa NTS Scheduled Net Delmarva Emergency Net DE, MD, VA 3.905 LSB 1830 ET Sun Delmarva peninsular region Maryland Emergency Net MD 3.821 LSB 1800 ET NTS scheduled net; 1730 ET wintertime hours Radio Email Target Station (Winlink2000 to NTS Digital Network Gateway) NTSD 3RN MBO/BBS - W3JY DE, MD, PA EAN, TCC HF Scanning Pactor 1-3 Full-time Scanning HF: 3591.9; 3593.9; 7100.4;7102.4; 10140.9; 10142.9 "" SEPA/DE/SNJ 145.010 1200B Packet Full-time Packet 145.010 EPA Emergency Net Data 2014-05-18.xlsx Page 2 of 2
  • 24. COLLECTED HISTORIES OF THE AMATEUR RADIO PUBLIC SERVICE CORPS THE LEGACY OF GEORGE HART W1NJM (SK)
  • 25. i Table of Contents Editor’s Note .................................................................................................................................................1 How It All Started—the NTS..........................................................................................................................1 A History of the Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service (RACES) ...............................................................3 The Beginning of RACES............................................................................................................................3 A Short History of ARES and NTS ..................................................................................................................8 Figure 1: George Hart’s original design for Amateur Radio Public Service Corps..........................................................1 EDITOR’S NOTE This compilation of living history articles was prepared in 2013 by Joe Ames W3JY of the Eastern Area Staff of the National Traffic System Figure 1: George Hart’s original design for Amateur Radio Public Service Corps
  • 26. 1 HOW IT ALL STARTED—THE NTS By George Hart W1NJM, August 1974 QST Although the National Traffic System first went into operation in 1949, this was by no means the first ARRL-organized venture into organized traffic handling. In fact, as most of us who have done our homework on ARRL history know, organized traffic handling was the basic reason for the founding of ARRL. But let’s not go into all that, because it’s all in “Two Hundred Meters and Down’. Suffice it to say that “Trunk Lines” existed in the teens and twenties and became really widespread in the thirties, right up to the advent of World War II. By that time, however spot frequency network operation was starting to take hold, and the concept of Trunk Lines was approaching obsolescence. That is, instead of consecutive schedules along the points of the Trunk Line, which had become standard procedure, several stations would meet on a spot frequency and find that some of the TL points could be bypassed. Then other stations off the points of the trunk, hearing the hubbub, would offer coverage of another city, and would be accepted into the growing group. First thing you know, here was a loosely-organized regional net, not a Trunk Line in the traditional sense at all. This gradual demise of the Trunk Line concept was interrupted by the late 1941 unpleasantness and was not resumed until 1947, when reorganization commenced from headquarters under the supervision first of W1JMY, then of W6JQB, who became “National Trunk Line Manager” (and sorted DXCC cards) and W1QMI. Traffic men, after the first blush of getting back on the air following the long wartime hiatus, rushed to join in the reorganization, and soon the Trunk Lines were “in business” again. But things were not quite the same. The rigid pre-war “iron man” requirement that all participants be ORS appointees and able to operate every night (except weekends) started to break down. The immediate-pre-war conditions shortly prevailed again, and the so-called Trunk Lines started to become spot-frequency nets, with tentacles extending far off their prescribed routes and often into another line’s “territory” and the threat of hodge- podge soon became apparent. Complaints from newcomers started to arrive at headquarters that the TL concept was obsolete. Independent nets started to appear in increasing numbers, some of them including former trunkliners disenchanted with the old setup. Efforts by headquarters to hold the Trunk Lines together became increasingly difficult. Something had to be done. Cherished traditions die hard, and Trunk Lines were among the most cherished by many old-time traffic men of the day. When the league, in 1949,
  • 27. 2 embarked on the establishment of a National Traffic System entirely different and separate from the Trunk Lines, the procedure was cautious, exploratory, tentative. First a survey was conducted to determine the amount of support from traffic leaders, then a QST article (“new traffic plan” QST sept. 1949), then correspondence to line up leaders, and finally a shaky start of operation on Oct. 1, 1949. The Trunk Lines continued, and headquarters continued to support them; but they were not pushed, as NTS was, and gradually their members shifted their operation to NTS nets until the ARRL Trunk Lines eventually faded away. A few continued to operate independently but were “Trunk Lines” in name only; actually they were spot frequency nets, similar to the new NTS nets. In the first few years if its existence, the infant NTS survived what must have been one of the worst sunspot nulls in history. Winter and summer, conditions on 80 meters were consistently described as “horrible.” In wintertime, the muf dipped so low that often the band was completely dead during the evening hours when the nets operated. In summer, QRN added to the woes. But NTS adherents hung in there, and when sunspots started to reappear in sufficient numbers to re-establish “normal” conditions, more traffic men joined in. Not until then did it become an established and recognized fact that NTS was here to stay. The sixties were the “heyday” of NTS. Propagation conditions were generally good, participation was high, pride in a “tight organization” was great. Long before the advent of ARRL Advisory committees, “Area Staffs” of NTS were formed to assist the ARRL Communications Manager, in administration of the extensive system. (actually the Pacific Area Staff was formed experimentally in 1952, but similar staffs in Eastern and Central areas were formed more than a decade later). Managership posts at the region, area, and TCC levels became sought-after by traffic men, and held on to when acquired, sometimes for more than a decade. Not until the turn of the 70’s and the advent of voice-operated monitoring nets and other phone nets on the high frequencies did NTS start coming under fire as a possible-inept and obsolescent amateur public service. Most such nets operated daytimes and many of them were highly successful in obtaining prompt delivery of traffic, but all were independently organized and appeared to prefer to remain that way. Since NTS was primarily designed to operate during the evening hours when most amateurs are available, and since there appeared to be a sizable contingent of amateurs who operated daytimes but preferred NTS connection, a “Daytime NTS” was set up for trial and is even now in operation on that basis. As in the original NTS, the going is slow and tough, and although conditions don’t seem to be as bad as they were in the early fifties, they are bad enough.
  • 28. 3 Mode? Well, it always seems to be a basis for controversy, but NTS was never set up specifically with one mode in mind, has never been exclusive in that respect and still isn’t—and that includes both the daytime and evening contingents. True, in the beginning NTS seemed to attract mostly cw operators, almost exclusively so at regional level and above, and most if not all evening operation at such levels is now conducted by that mode. Conversely, the net NTS (Daytime)—NOT a different system—is getting its start on the phone bands. But in principle, the NTS selects the mode to suit the need, within availabilities. It will use the best mode for the purpose of traffic men capable of using that mode are available. If not, it will use the mode in which traffic men are available. This is the only practical way to run a traffic-handling system. In conclusion, here are some calls of early pioneer in NTS. How many do you recognize, and how many are still around? W1BVR, W2s: LRW CLL PRE, W3GEG W4s: ANK BAZ NNJ, W5GZU W6s: CE JZ W7s: CZY FIX WJ, W8s: NOH SCW UPB YCP, W9s: CBE TT, W0s: AUL BE HMM IC SCA ZJO, VE’s 2GM 3ATR 3BUR 3GL. ---W1NJM -----  ----- A HISTORY OF THE RADIO AMATEUR CIVIL EMERGENCY SERVICE (RACES) As written by George Hart K6RXU, originally published in the Fall 2005 edition of the QCWA Journal. (c) 2005 QCWA and George Hart. Reprinted with permission. The Beginning of RACES While NTS held my main personal interest during the early 50's, I had many other functions as "National Emergency Coordinator." The original concept of a man from headquarters to take charge didn't work out, partly because it was the wrong concept in the first place, partly because Doc Hayes, who was the right type to implement this concept, undertook it with a supercilious and peremptory demeanor which stirred up a lot of antagonism in the field. ARRL had its own organization for emergency communications known first as the ARRL Emergency Corps (AEC) in pre- WWII days, starting in 1935. With postwar reactivation, in an effort to recruit more amateurs, whether ARRL members or not, the name was changed to the Amateur Radio Emergency Corps and the organization better defined with leaders appointed by the SCM at local and section levels and by ARRL headquarters at national level. At national level, therefore, I as National Emergency Coordinator was the nominal leader of the AREC. I never let this high-sounding title go to my head. I even protested to my boss, Ed Handy, that the title was inappropriate, that a more appropriate title would be "Assistant Communications Manager for Emergency
  • 29. 4 Preparedness" or, since I was also the architect and nominal leader of NTS, "Assistant Communications Manager for Public Service." But Ed decided we must retain the NEC title to conform to the Board's original mandate. So I was stuck with it, and had difficulty in the field overcoming some of the resentment Doc had caused. My next ploy was to chuck the "take charge" concept of the "man from HQ" and replace it with that of a general advisor to develop principles of organization and operation, to make the AREC a single strong facility of groups working together in a national plan. Ed was more receptive to this change. The man on the scene (the Emergency Coordinator) was obviously the best suited to take charge at the local level, because he knew the people and the problems existing at that level. The Section Emergency Coordinator would try to tie together all these local groups to form a section or state plan. My job would be to tie all the state plans together into a national plan for emergency communications, issuing bulletins to keep everyone advised of the national picture, presenting ideas and advice for organizing, general philosophizing, a little humor, etc. I would also undertake field trips to "spread the word," but not to try to organize or reorganize at the state or local level. While all this was going on, negotiations were proceeding at the federal government level to put amateur radio in the forefront of civilian defense communications. Most of these negotiations were taking place above me, by Communications Manager Ed Handy, General Manager A. L. Budlong, and President George Bailey; but I was definitely involved. I was eager to have our AREC recognized as the amateur radio facility to provide this service under our direction and management; but it soon became quite clear that this was not to be, and nobody but I seemed to think it was desirable. It would be a government facility run by government agencies - the FCC to provide regulations, the newly-created Federal Civil Defense Administration under the Executive Office of the President to provide administration and direction, the ARRL to provide advice and bodies. I recall two names at national government level most involved with the formation of RACES - Red Rollins of FCC and Bob Burton of FCDA. Both were working-level people in their respective agencies, to iron out the shape and form of this new service. Unlike WERS, the new service would be an amateur service and its regulations part of the Amateur Radio Service regulations. It would be run by amateurs under the aegis of FCDA and local civil defense agencies. The underlying theme was defense against enemy attack, and this meant that this part of the amateur service would continue to function even under national emergency conditions; therefore, adequate security measures had to be taken - which was the main reason why the AREC was not involved officially
  • 30. 5 but very much involved in practice. Neither Rollins nor Burton were particularly friendly to ARRL, but both were very much aware of our involvement and I had many trips to Washington and Battle Creek in the 50's to deal with mutual problems. This was a period during the onset of the "cold war" in which civil defense preparedness was paramount. One of the things that seemed most to concern Rollins and Burton at the beginning was what to name the new amateur service. I tended to be impatient with this, but Rollins insisted that the name furnish an acronym that was pronounceable and, if possible, spelled a word. After expenditure of goodness knows how much government time they came up with the name "Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service," RACES. What amused me and what I often remarked about was that after all the brainpower wasted in devising this name and suitable acronym, most government employees pronounced it "racies." Another amusing story was that when someone in FCDA tried to requisition receiving equipment for monitoring RACES operations, a curt reply came back that receiving equipment is not issued for the purpose of "listening to the races.". Be all this as it might, what it boiled down to was that although licensed amateurs would be at the forefront in administering this new service, direction, guidance and implementation would be conducted by government agencies, not by ARRL/AREC. I considered it a blow to our prestige, but most amateurs, even those at leadership levels, seemed quite content. At least it would be an amateur service, not cloaked under another name. And if war with communist countries developed it would continue to operate, although under strict security measures. I must have made at least a dozen trips to Battle Creek, Mich., where FCDA was established, sometimes staying for days at a time to attend civil defense functions being conducted there. Travel was by air direct to Detroit, but from there to Battle Creek by local feeder flights of North Central or Lake Central Airlines. The connections were usually tenuous at best. The aircraft were almost exclusively DC-3's, the workhorses of much early commercial air traffic but relegated to local flights after the industry started producing bigger craft capable of longer flights at higher speed. The DC-3's could land and take off from short runways with their small economical engines and wide wingspread with considerable reliability, but were easily storm-tossed. I remember several flights between Detroit and Battle Creek during stormy weather in which passengers became airsick, including myself on a couple of occasions. Hotel accommodations were at the Hart Hotel or the Post Tavern. The former was the more modem, the latter a very old relic of previous grandeur but nevertheless very interesting. I became closely acquainted with many of the working staff during this period in the middle "50's.
  • 31. 6 In New York, State Civil Defense Communications Officer Vincent Kenney, W2BGO, formed the Northeastern States Civil Defense Amateur Radio Alliance (NSCDARA), comprising RACES personnel from all the New England states plus New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania. NSCDARA became quite prominent in RACES affairs and eventually changed its name to United States Civil Defense Amateur Radio Alliance (USCDARA) and undertook to represent many other states. I recall meetings held in New York City, Battle Creek, Montpelier, Vt. and Wilmington, Del., all of which I attended as an ARRL representative. I also attended FCDA regional conferences of civil defense directors and communications officers all over the U.S. and made many acquaintances among not only government employees but also employees of various industries trying to get in on the civil defense bandwagon. Prominent among these was AT&T, which was trying to promote its alerting system called "Conelrad." I had several verbal bouts with AT&T minions during this period., most of them on the good-natured side. My principal contention was that AT&T claimed to have everything under control and could provide all facilities necessary for civil defense alerting and communication, "provided you pay the rate," but that we amateurs could do the same things on a volunteer basis at no expense to anyone but ourselves. I was out of my depth trying to compete with highly-paid AT&T employees, but nevertheless commanded quite a bit of respect from government people. Even some of the commercial people attending these conferences recognized us amateurs as having a vital stake in communications matters. At one point I attended, along with Ed Handy, a civil defense regional conference at Oiney, Md., followed by a week of attendance at the civil defense staff college, where I learned many things I really didn't need to know but also made many new acquaintances among prominent civil defense people. The Amateur Radio Public Service Corps It was a challenging and most interesting period, and a very busy one for me. All this travel and attendance at conferences required extended absences from my desk, where the work piled up and often required many late hours after I returned, because I had no understudy or assistant at that time. At home evenings I participated in a number of NTS nets and on weekends in ARRL contests and other on-the-air activities. Contests did not seem to interest me much and DX not at all, so in them my participation was nominal; I considered it part of my job as the No. 2 man in the CD to be active in all phases of CD sponsorship. In Field Day, emergency preparedness exercises and NTS operation I was super-active, because these were my special field. I was a founding member of two local affiliated clubs, the Newington Amateur Radio League and the Connecticut Wireless Association, and served nearly all
  • 32. 7 the offices of both clubs, including president. NARL was more of a social group with only about a dozen diehard members and was going down hill until it was revived in the 60's and is now one of the most active clubs in the area. CWA was a group of CW experts with a member limit of 15 whose principal activity was Field Day. We had high score in our class several times and usually finished in the top ten; but I lost interest when the members started paying attention only to DX and DXCC and eventually the club fell apart. However, during its heyday through the 60's, 70's into the 80's, CWA made its presence felt in many activities and included in its membership a number of ARRL employees, such as Ed Handy, W1BDI; Joe Moskey, W1JMY; John Cann, W1RWS; John Lmdholm, W1DGL; and myself. In 1951, at a hamfest in Jackson's Mill, W.Va., I joined the QCWA. In later years I was a founding member of two QCWA chapters, the Nutmeg Chapter in Connecticut and the Royal Palm Chapter in Naples, Fla. But we are getting ahead of the story. In the early 50's I tried to consolidate the AREC and the NTS under one ARRL- sponsored umbrella called the Amateur Radio Public Service Corps (ARPSC). The idea was that NTS would operate daily, 365 days a year, handling routine radiogram traffic during normal times. The AREC would conduct occasional drills to keep in practice and a high state of preparedness. Once a year we would conduct a simulated emergency test nationwide in which the AREC nets would become active at local levels to handle simulated emergency conditions and the NTS would provide both local and long-distance record messages. This required close cooperation between these two divisions of ARPSC. When RACES came into being, on order of the Board of Directors I included RACES in ARPSC as a third division. Much to my surprise and dismay, the people in the federal government who were implementing RACES took exception to the inference that ARRL was sponsoring RACES, so I quickly rearranged the diagram to show that the connection between RACES and ARPSC was one of support, not sponsorship. This settled the ruffled feathers, but it was a harbinger of an uncomfortable relationship. The civil defense people wanted to use amateurs to fulfill their emergency communications plans but they didn't want to use the existing amateur radio organization designed to do so. I thought this was the wrong approach, that it denigrated the existing amateur service the League had worked so hard to organize for years. I proposed that ARPSC and RACES overlap each other, that AREC be the principal emergency communications system during peacetime, RACES during wartime or other periods of national emergency. I exhorted the local AREC groups to participate in their local RACES organizations but to maintain their AREC identity also, to offer served agencies their services during peacetime emergencies but be ready and able to participate in RACES
  • 33. 8 whenever it was activated. The ideal was to have the local EC serve as the RACES Radio Officer or the RO to also be the EC, or at least have a cordial relationship between these two leaders, and for each entity to have overlapping membership so they could work together in any situation that arose. This worked out well in some cases, in some only partially, in some not at all; but I still think it was the way to effect the greatest good for the greatest number. ARPSC never really took hold. Those who handled written messages (NTS) and those who were primarily interested in emergency operations (AREC) had too little in common to work well together, despite my almost-frantic exhortations at times. The AREC (which was changed to ARES when it was decided we should not have a "corps within a corps") and NTS went their separate ways in operation and preparation, only partially working together during communications emergencies when the principal function became the handling of individual "welfare" messages. I ground out page after page of bulletins to NTS and AREC leadership, and editorial messages in the "Public Service" section of QST, trying to get NTS set up to operate on extended schedules during emergencies and ARES to train operators in handling official and personal messages in proper format, with limited success. Any enterprise implemented almost entirely by unpaid volunteers is unlikely to be completely successful. I was not satisfied with limited success and I suppose made quite a few enemies as a result. NTS, ARES and RACES still exist, still separate entities, and ARPSC is a thing of the past. -----  ----- A SHORT HISTORY OF ARES AND NTS By the Arkansas Section Traffic & Emergency Net Staff ASTEN has been focused for some time on ARES and the National Traffic System. I thought it might be good food for thought to cover some of the history of ARES and the NTS. I know some of our new folks will benefit from knowing the history and for all those that already know it, it is pleasant to our ears to know the history is still being taught and shared with those that are coming online today. The history of the Amateur Radio Emergency Service begins in 1935 with a note in the Sept. 1935 issue of QST magazine which is published by the ARRL asking hams interested in signing up for emergency communications to write to League HQ in Newington CT. Initial instructions were for members to contact their local civic officials and offer their services. The goal was to have at least one ARRL Emergency Corps member in each community. The first local emergency coordinators were appointed in 1937. Following WWII the position of Section Emergency Coordinator was established as an official appointment to be made by the Section Communications Manager, (now SM). In 1951 the AEC became the Amateur Radio Emergency Corps. In 1963 the AREC was made the emergency division of the
  • 34. 9 Amateur Radio Public Service Corps. In 1978 the AREC was changed to ARES. The American Radio Relay League (ARRL) sponsored the Amateur Radio Public Service Corps (ARPSC), as a voluntary organization of licensed amateur radio operators. It was in answer to a Federal Communications Commission mandate in Part 97 under Basics and Purpose, to enhance, "the value of the amateur service as a voluntary non commercial communications service, particularly with respect to providing emergency communications." The Communications Department of the ARRL in Newington, CT guides today all activities of ARES and the NTS. In 1949 the ARRL organized the National Traffic System, which is the largest amateur message relay system in the world and is, used by amateur radio operators as a 365- day a year public service. The NTS is a system of traffic or message handling nets, which meet daily across the US. In this system a message can be introduced at any point within the system and be delivered at any other point intact. This system covers all of the US, its territories and possessions and all of Canada. This takes quite a bit of organization and training to accomplish. To assure that a message is not lost or changed in transit the NTS has over the years established a format for message transmission within the NTS. The ARRL radiogram serves this purpose. ARES and the NTS continue to play an all important role in Emergency communications. ARES and the NTS will change in the future, as it always has in the past. A look at the past teaches us that things have always changed over time. The important thing to remember is that as changes come our way in the future, that we don’t forget to teach the past to those who come online. -----  -----
  • 35. FOREWORD The Association of Public-Safety Communications Officials-International, Inc., and the American Radio Relay League, Inc. (ARRL) share the common bond of communications in the public interest. APCO International is made up of Emergency Medical, Law Enforcement, Fire and other Public Safety Communications personnel whose primary responsibility is the management, design, maintenance and operation of communications facilities in the public domain. The ARRL is a non-commercial association of radio amateurs bonded together for the promotion of interest in Amateur Radio communication and experimentation, for the relaying of messages by radio, for the advancement of the radio art and of the public welfare, for the representation of the radio amateur in legislative matters and for the maintenance of fraternalism and a high standard of conduct. While the members of APCO International are charged with responsibility of communications in the public interest as professional members of the public safety community, a primary responsibility of the Amateur Radio Service, as established by Part 97 of the Federal Communications Commission's regulations, is the rendering of public service communication for the general public, particularly in times of emergency, when normal communications are not available. APCO International has, since its inception, taken the lead in establishing International standards for public safety communications. Through International Headquarters and Affiliates, APCO International strives for professionalism and continuity of communications through education, standardization and the exchange of information. Organizing and coordinating Amateur Radio operators in the amateur frequency bands, the ARRL has been serving the general public directly and government and relief agencies for more than 75 years. To that end, in 1935 the league organized the Amateur Radio Emergency Corps (now called the Amateur Radio Emergency Service--ARES). In 1949 the League created the National Traffic System (NTS). Together, ARES and NTS comprise the League's public service Field Organization of volunteer radio amateurs. As leaders and representatives of radio amateurs, the ARRL has responsibilities in motivation, education, policy and leadership in promoting Amateur Radio functions in the public service, especially in times of emergency when the resources of radio amateurs may be most survivable communications available. I. Purpose The purpose of this document is to state the terms of a mutual agreement between the ARRL and APCO International that will serve as a broad framework within which volunteer personnel of the ARRL may coordinate their facilities and equipment with APCO International members and their agencies for disaster communications Association of Public Safety Communications Officials Int'l 1 of 3
  • 36. II. Definition of Disaster A disaster is either a natural or man-made occurrence that causes human suffering or human needs that the victims cannot alleviate without assistance and which rapidly depletes the resources of the responding agencies involved. It will be understood and agreed that members of the Amateur Radio Emergency Service will neither seek nor accept any duties other than that of Amateur Radio communications. III. Method of Cooperation In order that the emergency communications facilities of the ARES and NTS may be coordinated and utilized to the fullest advantage during disasters, APCO International and ARRL agree to the following: A. Through its national headquarters in Newington, Connecticut, the ARRL will establish regular liaison with the APCO International headquarters in South Daytona, Florida, through a standing committee of each organization. This liaison will provide the closest possible cooperation and direct operational assistance by the ARRL in emergency communications planning, and in the coordination of amateur radio communications facilities for disaster operations. B. APCO International welcomes the cooperation and assistance of the American Radio Relay League, through its headquarters and its field organizations, to extend Amateur Radio emergency communications planning into the jurisdictions of APCO International chapters. APCO International chapters will be urged to further the cooperative effort by requesting that local ARRL ARES, and NTS personnel serve as disaster volunteers for emergency communications, with such personnel reporting to the ARES Emergency Coordinator of jurisdiction. ARRL ARES, and NTS volunteers, will be encouraged to take part in pre-disaster training and planning and to work with APCO International chapters to provide amateur radio communications equipment and volunteers, and to meet the needs of their disaster communications plans. C. When a disaster occurs requiring the use of amateur radio communications facilities, APCO International, through an individual chapter and with the understanding of the agency (agencies) to be served, may recommend the assistance of the ARRL ARES, and NTS nearest the scene of the disaster. This assistance may include, but is not limited to the following: 2. The establishment and maintenance of fixed, mobile, and portable station emergency communication facilities for local radio coverage and point-to-point contact between public safety officials and locations, as required. 2 of 3
  • 37. 3. Maintenance of the continuity of communications for the duration of the emergency period or until normal communications channels are substantially restored. D. ARRL agrees to supply APCO International with lists of emergency coordinators on an annual basis. APCO International agrees to supply ARRL with pertinent information and points of contact from the various chapters on an annual basis. E. Detailed operating plans for the utilization of the communications facilities of the Amateur Radio service should be developed with APCO International chapters in cooperation with local ARRL ARES, and NTS personnel. F. APCO International will recommend to its chapters that membership on disaster preparedness and relief committees include representation from the ARRL through its local ARES and NTS organizations. G. APCO International will recommend to its membership that standing committees be appointed within the chapters as a means of maintaining liaison with local ARRL officials. APCO International will recommend to its chapters that local ARRL officials be admitted to appropriate APCO International training classes. H. Each organization will distribute copies of this MOU through its field structure, and make copies available to other Organizations, both public and private, which may have an active interest in disaster operations. This agreement is in force as of the date indicated below, and shall remain in effect unless terminated by written notification from either party to the other. Signed unto this day, the twenty-fourth of October in the year 1996.   3 of 3
  • 38. MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING BETWEEN UNITED STATES POWER SQUADRONS® AND AMERICAN RADIO RELAY LEAGUE INC This MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING is between the United States Power Squadrons®, a non-profit corporation under the laws of the State of North Carolina and qualified as tax exempt under section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of the United States (hereinafter “USPS”) and the American Radio Relay League Inc, an incorporated association without capital stock under the laws of the State of Connecticut and qualified as tax exempt under section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of the United States (hereinafter “ARRL”). WITNESSED THAT: WHEREAS, ARRL was established in 1914 as a noncommercial association of radio amateurs organized for the promotion of interest in amateur radio communication and experimentation, for the establishment of networks to provide communication in the event of disasters or other emergencies, for the advancement of the radio art and of the public welfare, and for the maintenance of fraternalism and a high standard of conduct, and for more than ninety years has provided our nation with public service and technical development in the art and science of radio communications, and WHEREAS USPS has been actively engaged in the education of its members in a wide variety of boating and nautical subjects since its establishment in 1914, has initiated emergency training of the general public in matters of seamanship, boat-handling, and navigation during World Wars I and II; and for more than ninety years has provided our nation with basic and safe boating instruction including the proper use of marine radio communications, made locally available on a continuing basis through its public course development and teaching; USPS is organized into 33 districts and approximately 430 squadrons; the squadron being the local unit of USPS, and WHEREAS ARRL publishes a monthly magazine for its members and maintains an extensive library of technical and informative educational publications, and 1 of 4
  • 39. WHEREAS USPS also publishes a monthly periodical for its members and also publishes and maintains an extensive library of technical and informative educational publications, and WHEREAS the goal of the USPS – ARRL Memorandum of Understanding is to create a mutually beneficial program that would enhance the membership of each organization; maximize cooperative education programs, including publications and technical courses; develop products, thus serving both the recreational boater and the amateur radio enthusiast; develop programs that can serve the interest of both organizations, and provide a basis for sharing technical expertise and knowledge of the respective disciplines. NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto agree as follows: 1. USPS and ARRL will assist each other in marketing, developing and promoting educational materials that are specific to the dual interests of the recreational boater and the amateur radio enthusiast. These materials will consist of publications, courses, and other educational products as may be mutually agreed upon. 2. USPS and ARRL will collaborate in the development and distribution of promotional and media release materials utilizing print and electronic media. 3. Each organization will establish procedures so that their marketing and public relations personnel can work together to achieve maximum public exposure for national and international promotions, events, and projects. 4. ARRL and USPS will cooperate in identifying publications and products that can be carried by the other’s on-line store. 5. ARRL and USPS will collaborate in the development of products to serve Boaters who are also Amateur Radio enthusiasts. 6. USPS and ARRL will pursue opportunities for cross-advertising in each other’s monthly periodical to include membership recruitment, information on publications, educational courses, training, and products of interest that are carried in their respective on-line stores. 2 of 4
  • 40. 7. USPS and ARRL will jointly pursue a program to emphasize the benefits of amateur radio aboard recreational vessels . 8. USPS and ARRL will jointly pursue, an emergency service program designed to benefit local communities in times of disaster and emergency needs and establish a structure to maximize and promote the benefits of a joint USPS and ARRL Amateur Radio emergency Service working relationship. 9. ARRL and USPS will consider sponsorship of a USPS Amateur Radio Contest. ARRL will assist USPS in designing and promoting such contest. 10. ARRL and USPS will assist each other in obtaining suitable accommodations at their respective annual conventions where information concerning the organizations may be displayed. 11. ARRL and USPS will jointly develop informational programs concerning their activities in order to improve the attractiveness of both organizations to youth and young adults. 12. ARRL will assist USPS districts and squadrons by providing a list of speakers that may be called upon to provide information about amateur radio at district and squadron meetings. General Provisions: A. The parties shall maintain open communication, cooperation, and support in furtherance of their mutual goals and objectives. B. This Memorandum of Understanding may be amended only with the written consent of all parties. C. Termination. Either party to this Memorandum of Understanding may obtain termination of this Memorandum of Understanding by providing notice to the other party of its intent to terminate. Such notice shall be in writing and be effective upon receipt of the written notice or four days after the date of the notice, whichever shall first occur. 3 of 4
  • 41. Effect of Termination. Upon the Termination Date specified each party to this Memorandum of Understanding shall have no further rights or obligations hereunder, except for any unpaid amounts or incomplete performance pending as of the Termination Date, which shall be promptly paid or performed; and further except for any indemnity, insurance or liability limiting provisions, all of which shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding termination of this Memorandum of Understanding. D. The terms of this agreement are personal to each party, and neither party may assign or delegate its rights or obligations hereunder without the written consent of the other party. E. The parties assume joint responsibility for the form and composition of this Memorandum of Understanding and no provision of this agreement shall be construed presumptively for or against either of the parties. FOR AMERICAN RADIO RELAY LEAGUE: __________________________________________ ____________ David Sumner, Chief Executive Officer Date FOR THE UNITED STATES POWER SQUADRONS: ____________________________________________ ____________ G. Leslie Johnson, SN, Chief Commander Date 4 of 4
  • 42. 1 | P a g e     A MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING BETWEEN                   And the                                                                                                Purpose    The purpose of this document is to state the terms of a mutual agreement (Memorandum of Understanding or MOU) between American Radio Relay League (ARRL), the national association for Amateur Radio, and Boy Scouts of America (BSA). The MOU will serve as a framework within which both organizations may, where mutually beneficial, cooperate in, support or cosponsor programs or events intended to foster and promote education, technical awareness, and achievement in Amateur Radio, emergency preparedness and communications, and other joint efforts and undertakings. Each organization comprises volunteers and professional staff in support of their respective educational and technical recognition programs and efforts. It is intended that this agreement will promote joint coordination and exercise of the resources of both ARRL and BSA to recognize the potential and capability of individual members of both organizations in the furtherance of their education and achievement in topics found within Scouting and Amateur Radio. Recognition    ARRL recognizes BSA as a program of character development, leadership skills, physical fitness and various life and outdoor skills for males ages 7 to 18 as part of the Cub Scout and Boy Scout programs, and both males and females ages 14 to 21 as part of the Venturing program. The Boy Scouts of America is one of the nation's largest and most prominent values‐based youth development organizations. BSA provides a program for young people that builds character, trains them in the responsibilities of participating citizenship, and develops personal fitness.
  • 43. 2 | P a g e     For nearly a century, BSA has helped build future leaders by combining educational activities and lifelong values with fun. The Boy Scouts of America believes — and, through nearly a century of experience, knows — that helping youth is a key to building a more conscientious, responsible, and productive society. BSA recognizes ARRL as a non‐commercial membership association of radio amateurs, organized for the promotion of interest in Amateur Radio communication and experimentation. ARRL is the principal representative of the Amateur Service and Amateur Satellite Services in the United States, and is the Secretariat for the International Amateur Radio Union (IARU), the worldwide federation of national Amateur Radio societies. ARRL is organized for the establishment of networks to provide communications in the event of disasters or other emergencies, the advancement of the radio art and of the public welfare, the fostering of education, the promotion and conduct of research and development, and the dissemination of technical, educational and scientific information relating to electronic communication, the representation of radio amateurs in regulatory matters, and the promotion of fraternalism and high standards of conduct among radio amateurs. It serves its members by protecting and enhancing radio spectrum access and providing a national resource to the public. Principles of Cooperation    ARRL will serve as a key resource for K2BSA and Radio Merit Badge training at the BSA National Scout Jamboree. Support may include assisting the K2BSA Director with program development and the recruitment of staff members, coordination with manufacturers to provide necessary equipment resources, providing FCC volunteer examiner (VE) testing supplies for use at the Jamboree, and furnishing Amateur Radio publications for use by K2BSA staff members and visitors. ARRL will continue to promote participation in the annual Jamboree on the Air (JOTA) event to its members, the general Amateur Radio community, and Amateur Radio clubs. ARRL will also continue to encourage the organization of local JOTA efforts for Scouts and Scouters to participate in, and provide material resources that aid in an effective JOTA event. ARRL will serve as contributing editor to the Radio Merit Badge publication (those sections pertaining to Amateur Radio), will assist with the review, creation and modification of requirements as necessary, and will assist in developing course material, lesson plans, and other resources for teaching the Radio Merit Badge to Scouts. To the extent that BSA desires, ARRL will contribute to the content of the Electricity, Electronics, and Emergency Preparedness and Communications merit badge publications, especially in areas that currently, or may in the future, pertain to Amateur Radio. BSA, by virtue of its active membership and its outdoor program, represents a significant source of potential new radio operators looking to utilize Amateur Radio for emergency communications while in the field, education, experimentation, and friendship. BSA will encourage Scouts and Scouters to become familiar with opportunities for public and community service and personal growth through involvement in Amateur Radio.
  • 44. 3 | P a g e     General Provisions    The parties shall maintain open communication, cooperation, and support in furtherance of their mutual goals and objectives. This Memorandum of Understanding may be amended only with the written consent of both parties. Either party to this Memorandum of Understanding may terminate this Memorandum of Understanding by providing written notice to the other party thirty (30) days prior to its intent to terminate. The parties assume joint responsibility for the form and composition of this Memorandum of Understanding and no provision of this agreement shall be construed presumptively for or against either of the parties. Neither party to this MOU has the authority to act on behalf of the other party or bind the other party to any obligation. This MOU is not intended to be enforceable in any court of law or dispute resolution forum. The sole remedy for non‐performance under this MOU shall be termination, with no damages or penalty.     FOR THE AMERICAN RADIO RELAY LEAGUE:      __________________________________________ ____________   Dated _______________  Dr. Kay Craigie, President        FOR THE BOY SCOUTS OF AMERICA:      ____________________________________________ _________ Dated ________________  Robert J. Mazzuca, Chief Scout Executive  
  • 45. Memorandum of Agreement Between American Radio Relay League, Inc. And Civil Air Patrol Purpose The purpose of this document is to state the terms of a mutual agreement (Memorandum of Agreement) between the Civil Air Patrol (CAP) and the American Radio Relay League, Inc. (ARRL) to provide a broad framework for cooperation between the two organizations during emergencies and disasters, for education of members regarding the capabilities and regulatory environments of CAP and the Amateur Radio Service, to promote interest in public service especially among the nation's youth, as well as other activities in which cooperation may be mutually beneficial. Background Members of ARRL and CAP share common goals of serving the public through efficient and effective use of radio communications. To this end, members of both organizations engage in regular training to prepare for emergency and disaster communications. Members of both organizations provide important communications capability to the Homeland Security programs of the United States. CAP uses radio communications primarily to ensure the safe and efficient prosecution of its own operational missions authorized and funded by various Departments and Agencies of the United States Government. Additional assistance is also provided to state and local government entities. CAP personnel are tasked by various authorizing agencies to support these entities and CAP communications is generally considered to be an essential resource that is critical to the successful performance of CAP's missions. Amateur Radio operators have a long history of providing radio communication support to served agencies in both the governmental and private sectors in response to emergencies and disasters. There are a number of programs, including several sponsored by the ARRL, which facilitate cooperation between Radio Amateurs and served agencies at both the national and local levels. Such missions often require CAP members and Amateur Radio operators to work closely together to meet the public need. In addition, many people hold both ARRL and CAP membership and are authorized to operate on both Amateur Radio and U.S. Government radio frequencies assigned to CAP. Such circumstances occasionally result in confusion about the proper use and role of the respective radio services. As a result of this Memorandum of Agreement, CAP and ARRL will make every effort to educate their members about the role of the two organizations, the two services' regulatory environments, and especially the rationale for rules pertaining to use of Amateur Radio frequencies by CAP operators who hold Amateur Radio licenses. This educational process will help promote a better understanding of the capabilities and restrictions of both organizations and will enable CAP and ARRL leaders at the local levels to more effectively utilize and integrate the resources of both organizations in exercises and actual emergencies. 1 of 3
  • 46. Recognitions The parties to this memorandum recognize the following points about their mutual missions and relationship: 1. It is recognized that although many CAP volunteers also hold Amateur Radio licenses, CAP operates on frequencies regulated by the National Telecommunications & Information Administration (NTIA) and CAP operators are required to use NTIA-compliant radio equipment on those frequencies. 2. It is recognized that the ARRL is the national association for Amateur Radio in the United States. A principal purpose of ARRL in the furtherance of the public welfare is the establishment of Amateur Radio networks to provide electronic communications in the event of disasters or other emergencies. To achieve this purpose, ARRL offers formal training in emergency communications, publishes literature concerning emergency communications, and sponsors volunteer programs through which Radio Amateurs may offer their services to governmental and private-sector served agencies. Most of ARRL's volunteer emergency communications programs function as part of the ARRL Field Organization, so as to be responsive to events taking place at the state and local level. 3. It is further recognized that persons acting as CAP members are required to operate on frequencies reserved for the federal government pursuant to a license granted by a federal agency. These frequencies are for official use only by CAP members and may not be disclosed to unauthorized personnel, i.e. Amateur Radio operators. CAP members have no special authority to operate on Amateur Radio frequencies by reason of their membership in CAP. Therefore, use of Amateur Radio while acting as a CAP member is inconsistent with Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Regulations, including 47 CFR §97.113(a)(3) and §97.113(a)(5) and the U.S. Government Table of Frequency Allocations contained in the NTIA Manual of Regulations and Procedures for Federal Radio Frequency Management (47 CFR 300). CAP regulations specify that Amateur Radio frequencies shall not be used to conduct the regular business of CAP. 4. It is further recognized that licensed radio stations may make use of any means of radio communication available to provide essential communications to protect the immediate safety of human life and to provide the immediate protection of property when normal communication systems are not available. (See FCC Part 97, Subpart E and NTIA Manual Section 7). Mutual Support ARRL and CAP agree to the following mutual support and cooperation activities: 1. Promote awareness of and respect for the difference in regulations governing radio communications by CAP and Amateur Radio. 2. Promote interest in skills applicable to both organizations' operations, such as radio direction- finding, basic electronics, and effective operating discipline. 3. Provide opportunities for their respective members, particularly youth, to learn how to join CAP and how to become Amateur Radio operators. 2 of 3
  • 47. 4. Provide a broad framework for cooperation between the two organizations during emergencies and disasters. 5. Share information on appropriate volunteer training opportunities. 6. Carry out joint training exercises to provide simulated emergency and disaster communications support when suitable occasions are identified at local, regional, or national levels. These exercises may include CAP training missions in which Amateur Radio volunteers use their personal equipment on Amateur frequencies while CAP volunteers use equipment approved for CAP operation on Federal frequencies assigned to CAP. 7. This MOA does not convey Air Force Assigned Mission (AFAM) status. In order for joint exercises to be conducted as Air Force missions, prior approval is required from CAP- USAF, the CAP's Air Force liaison and oversight agency. EffectiveDates: This MOA will become effective on the date the last party signs this MOA. Either party may terminate this MOA by giving the other party thirty (30) days notice of intent to terminate. All modifications to this agreement must be in writing and signed by both parties. Jim Haynie, W5JBP Date President, American Radio Relay League, Inc. Civil Air Patrol, by Dwight H. Wheless Date Major General, CAP Commander CAP-USAF, by 17 May 05 George C. Vogt Date Colonel, USAF Commander 3 of 3
  • 48.
  • 49. Memorandum of Understanding between The American National Red Cross and ARRL, the national association for Amateur Radio
  • 50. American Red Cross ARRL, the national association for Amateur Radio MOU – Red Cross and ARRL Page 2 of 12 Document version: Feb. 2010 I. Purpose The purpose of the Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) is to document the relationship between the American National Red Cross (the “Red Cross”) and the ARRL, the national association for Amateur Radio (the “ARRL”). This MOU provides a broad framework for cooperation between the two organizations in preparing for and responding to disaster relief situations at all levels in rendering assistance and service to victims of disaster, as well as other services for which cooperation may be mutually beneficial. II. Independence of Operations Each party to this MOU will maintain its own identity in providing services. Each organization is separately responsible for establishing its own policies and financing its own activities. III. Organization Descriptions The American Red Cross is a humanitarian organization led by volunteers and guided by its Congressional Charter and the Fundamental Principles of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement. The Red Cross provides relief to victims of disasters and helps people prevent, prepare for and respond to emergencies. The Red Cross provides services to those in need regardless of citizenship, race, religion, age, sex, national origin, disability, sexual orientation, veteran status or political affiliation. The ARRL is the national membership association for Amateur Radio operators. The ARRL is a not-for-profit organization that engages in the promotion of interest in Amateur Radio communication and experimentation; the establishment of Amateur Radio networks to provide electronic communications in the event of disasters or other emergencies; the furtherance of the public welfare; the advancement of the radio art; the fostering and promotion of noncommercial intercommunication by electronic means throughout the world; the fostering of education in the field of electronic communication; the promotion and conduct of research and development to further the development of electronic communication; the dissemination of technical, educational and scientific information relating to electronic communication; and the printing and publishing of documents, books, magazines, newspapers and pamphlets necessary or incidental to any of the above purposes.
  • 51. American Red Cross ARRL, the national association for Amateur Radio MOU – Red Cross and ARRL Page 3 of 12 Document version: Feb. 2010 IV. Methods of Cooperation The Red Cross and ARRL desire to expand their mutually-beneficial relationship to enhance community disaster preparedness and coordinate disaster planning and response activities as follows: Relationship building  Open Communications: Each organization will share current appropriate data regarding disasters, disaster declarations, and changes in regulations, technology and legislation related to communications. The same interaction and liaison will be encouraged at all levels of both organizations, to include all Red Cross chapters, ARRL sections and subordinate levels.  Local partnerships: Each organization will encourage its local units to communicate with the other organization’s corresponding local unit to explore opportunities for collaboration. These units may perform cooperative efforts such as disaster planning and preparedness, first aid, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), health courses, communications training and licensing, and community disaster education. Cooperative efforts could include participation in predisaster planning or any other of the methods of cooperation listed here or as listed in the sample local agreement found in Attachment C, Sample Statement of Cooperation for local organizational units. Attachment C may be modified or updated by joint agreement of each organization’s points of contact (listed in Attachment A, Organization Contact Information) without requiring a resigning of this MOU.  Shared members: Each organization will encourage interested volunteers to become members and participate in the activities of the other organization. Such volunteers shall meet the standards, have the responsibilities and be entitled to the privileges of each organization.  ARRL volunteers supporting the Red Cross: The ARRL may provide volunteers to assist the American Red Cross with communications in support of disaster relief roles as may be mutually agreed upon at the local and national levels. The Red Cross requires the completion of a criminal background check to participate in Red Cross activities. A criminal background check may be performed through the Red Cross process at no cost to the volunteer, or by State or local law enforcement agency at the volunteer’s own initiative and expense. The Red Cross is only responsible for the costs of background checks conducted through their processes. The ARRL accepts the requirement of a criminal background check for volunteers but prefers that such checks be performed by law-enforcement entities. The Red Cross agrees that ARRL volunteers shall not be asked or required to consent to credit checks, mode of living investigations, or investigative consumer reports in order to provide a communications function.  Red Cross members supporting the ARRL: Red Cross volunteers affiliated with a local Chapter that hold a valid Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Amateur Radio License are encouraged to participate in the Amateur Radio Emergency Service (ARES®) program to develop emergency communications skills, cross-train in local disaster drills and exercises, and integrate Chapter communications resources into the local emergency management structure.
  • 52. American Red Cross ARRL, the national association for Amateur Radio MOU – Red Cross and ARRL Page 4 of 12 Document version: Feb. 2010 Assumptions  Radio station operations: It is understood and agreed that amateur radio operators, being licensed and regulated by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), shall at all times exercise sole and exclusive control over the operation of their radio stations. Such control cannot be surrendered or delegated, in accordance with Federal law.  Radio operators: It is understood and agreed that radio operators have skills that extend beyond amateur radio frequencies and equipment. These skills may be applied to operate on Red Cross frequencies and equipment.  FCC Licenses: The Red Cross is responsible for any licensing arrangements necessary for Red Cross operations that occur outside amateur radio licenses, or any amateur radio licenses established by American Red Cross Amateur Radio Club Stations. Individual amateur radio operators are responsible for the maintenance and renewal of their personal licenses. Activities  Training: The Red Cross recognizes the leadership and expertise of the ARRL in the area of amateur radio communications. Where appropriate, the Red Cross will rely on materials created by the ARRL to train radio communicators. Additionally, the ARRL offers training in Amateur Radio emergency communications that is mutually beneficial to the ARRL and to the American Red Cross. Volunteers holding valid ARRL Emergency Communications certificates of completion will be recognized for this knowledge.  Joint exercises: Chapters, Sections and subordinate units of each organization will be encouraged to engage in joint training exercises.  ARRL Field Day: The Red Cross will encourage all chapters to participate in ARRL Field Day, the Simulated Emergency Test (SET) and other emergency exercises. Participation may take many forms, including Red Cross officials visiting and touring sites to better understand the capabilities of local ARRL volunteers and ARES® units, or the joint use of Red Cross equipment such as vehicles or trailers.  Planning: Planning needs will be identified, tasked and completed to address issues beneficial to both organizations in responding to events. Such issues can be, but are not limited to pre-staging communications equipment, coordination of Mass Care and Damage Assessment support activities, and catastrophic disaster plans for high risk areas of the United States. During disasters  On-scene cooperation: Both ARRL volunteers and American Red Cross workers will work cooperatively at the scene of a disaster and in the disaster recovery, within the scope of their respective roles and duties as recommended in Attachment D, ARRL Roles on Red Cross Disaster Relief Operations.  National HQ coordination: Operational coordination between Red Cross HQ and ARRL HQ will occur through the primary points of contact as shown in Attachment A, Organization Contact Information or other officially designated staff. Reports and data that are mutually beneficial to each organization’s operations and mission assignments
  • 53. American Red Cross ARRL, the national association for Amateur Radio MOU – Red Cross and ARRL Page 5 of 12 Document version: Feb. 2010 will be exchanged.  Communications: Whenever there is a disaster requiring the use of amateur radio communications resources and/or facilities, the local Red Cross Chapter may request the assistance of the local ARES organization responsible for the jurisdiction of the scene of the disaster. This assistance may include: alert and mobilization of ARRL ARES® personnel in accordance with a prearranged plan; establishment and maintenance of fixed, mobile, and portable station emergency communication facilities for local radio coverage; point-to-point contact between Red Cross personnel and locations; and the maintenance of the continuity of communications for the duration of the emergency period until normal communications channels are substantially restored, or until radio communications are no longer necessary in support of the response to the disaster.  Equipment sharing: Each organization may request equipment for temporary use to support operations. The specifics of responsibility and liability of the loaned equipment will be developed as part of plans and procedures, in writing, and are separate from this agreement.  Health and Welfare Messages: The Red Cross processes general welfare messages through the Red Cross Safe & Well web site. ARRL volunteers are encouraged to assist in registering people on the Safe & Well website by passing the required information from a point in the disaster area to someone outside the disaster area who can enter the information on the Safe & Well website. No special training or pre-defined agreements are necessary for ARRL volunteers to do this. The Safe and Well website is located on www.redcross.org. V. General a. The Red Cross and ARRL will use or display the name, emblem, or trademarks of the other organization only in the case of defined projects and only with the prior, express, written consent of the other organization. b. The Red Cross and ARRL will keep the public informed of their cooperative efforts through their public information offices during the time of disaster. c. The Red Cross and ARRL will widely distribute this MOU within the respective departments, administrative offices and subordinate levels of each organization and urge full cooperation. d. The Red Cross and ARRL will allocate responsibility for any shared expenses in writing in advance of any commitment. e. Local units of the Red Cross and subordinate levels in the ARRL Field Organization that desire a localized MOU to meet specific needs and conditions will utilize a format as shown in Attachment C, Sample Statement of Cooperation for local organizational units. f. ARRL agrees to adhere to Attachment B - the Code of Conduct for the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement and NGOs in Disaster Relief as it applies to disaster- caused situations in the USA. Attachment B will not be changed without a resigning of the MOU by both parties.
  • 54. American Red Cross ARRL, the national association for Amateur Radio MOU – Red Cross and ARRL Page 6 of 12 Document version: Feb. 2010 VI. Periodic Review and Analysis Representatives of the Red Cross and ARRL will, on an annual basis on or around the anniversary date of this MOU, jointly evaluate their progress in implementing this MOU and revise and develop new plans or goals as appropriate. VII. Term and Termination This MOU is effective as of the date of the last signature below and expires on March 24, 2015, five years from the signature date. The parties may extend this MOU for an additional period not exceeding five years, and if so shall confirm this in a signed writing. It may be terminated by written notice from either party to the other at any time. VIII. Miscellaneous Neither party to this MOU has the authority to act on behalf of the other party or bind the other party to any obligation. This MOU is not intended to be enforceable in any court of law or dispute resolution forum. The sole remedy for non-performance under this MOU shall be termination, with no damages or penalty. IX. Signatures
  • 55. American Red Cross ARRL, the national association for Amateur Radio MOU – Red Cross and ARRL Page 7 of 12 Attachment A – Organization Contact Information Document version: Feb. 2010 ATTACHMENT A – Organization Contact Information Primary Points of Contact The primary points of contact in each organization will be responsible for the implementation of the MOU in their respective organizations, coordinating activities between organizations, and responding to questions regarding this MOU. In the event that the primary point of contact is no longer able to serve, a new contact will be designated and the other organization informed of the change. Contact changes do not require any renegotiation of this MOU. Relationship Manager* and Operational Contact** American Red Cross ARRL Contact Keith Robertory Contact Michael P. Corey Title Manager, Disaster Technology Title Manager, Emergency Preparedness and Response Office phone 202-303-8628 Office phone 860-594-0222 24x7 Contact 202-303-4126 Mobile 860-597-8643 e-mail robertoryk@usa.redcross.org or dst@usa.redcross.org e-mail W5mpc@arrl.org *The Relationship Manager is the person that works with the partner organization in developing and executing the MOU. **The Operational Contact is the person each organization will call to initiate the disaster response activities as defined in the MOU. Organization Information American Red Cross ARRL Department Disaster Services Technology Department ARRL Address 2025 E Street, NW Washington, DC 20006 Address 225 Main Street Newington, CT 06111-1494 e-mail dst@usa.redcross.org e-mail info@arrl.org Website http://www.redcross.org/ Website www.arrl.org
  • 56. American Red Cross ARRL, the national association for Amateur Radio MOU – Red Cross and ARRL Page 8 of 12 Attachment B – Code of Conduct Document version: Feb. 2010 ATTACHMENT B Code of Conduct for The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement and NGOs in Disaster Relief Principle Commitments: 1. The Humanitarian imperative comes first. 2. Aid is given regardless of the race, creed or nationality of the recipients and without adverse distinction of any kind. Aid priorities are calculated on the basis of need alone. 3. Aid will not be used to further a particular political or religious standpoint. 4. We shall endeavor not to act as instruments of government foreign policy. 5. We shall respect culture and custom. 6. We shall attempt to build disaster response on local capacities. 7. Ways shall be found to involve program beneficiaries in the management of relief aid. 8. Relief aid must strive to reduce future vulnerabilities to disaster as well as meeting basic needs. 9. We hold ourselves accountable to both those we seek to assist and those from whom we accept resources. 10. In our information, publicity and advertising activities, we shall recognize disaster victims as dignified human beings, not hopeless objects. ___________________________________________________________________________ More information about the code of conduct can be found at http://www.ifrc.org/publicat/conduct/ The Code Register The International Federation is keeping a public record of all those NGOs who register their commitment to the Code. The full text of the Code including a registration form is published by the International Federation and is available upon request. (Telephone +41 22 7304222, Fax +41 22 7330395). Non-governmental Organizations who would like to register their support for this Code and their willingness to incorporate its principles into their work should fill in and return the registration form.
  • 57. American Red Cross ARRL, the national association for Amateur Radio MOU – Red Cross and ARRL Page 9 of 12 Attachment C – Statement of Cooperation for local organizational units Document version: Feb. 2010 ATTACHMENT C – Sample Statement of Cooperation for local organizational units American Red Cross XXX Chapter and <<XXX>>Cooperative Agreement The purpose of this Statement of Cooperation is to document the relationship between the American Red Cross XXXXX Chapter and the <<XXX (insert ARRL Section, ARES® unit or local radio club)>> for the purposes of disaster planning and response. This Statement of Cooperation provides the methods of cooperation between the two organizations in rendering assistance and service to victims of disaster, as well as other services for which cooperation may be mutually beneficial. This Statement of Cooperation incorporates by reference the details and limitations contained in the national MOU between the American Red Cross and the ARRL, the national association for Amateur Radio (the “ARRL”). Each organization retains its own identity in providing services, and each is responsible for establishing its own policies and financing its own activities. Concept of Cooperation The American Red Cross XXXXX Chapter and <<XXXX>> agree to the methods of cooperation listed in the American Red Cross and ARRL national MOU. In addition, they agree to the following specific local methods of cooperation. The American Red Cross XXXXX Chapter will: • Incorporate <<XXX>> in its response plans (EXAMPLE) • Provide preparedness training opportunities (EXAMPLE) • Provide shelter training (EXAMPLE) <<XXX>> will: • Provide personnel to assist with communications in support of disaster relief roles as agreed upon (EXAMPLE) • Expand their communications support to other activities within the disaster response system (Disaster Assessment, ERV driving) • Add another action as needed (EXAMPLE) This Statement of Cooperation is effective as of the date of the last signature below and expires on __________. It may be terminated by written notice from either party to the other at any time. Neither party to this Statement of Cooperation has the authority to act on behalf of the other party or bind the other party to any obligation. This Statement of Cooperation is not intended to be enforceable in any court of law or dispute resolution forum. The sole remedy for non-performance under this Statement of Cooperation shall be termination, with no damages or penalty.
  • 58. American Red Cross ARRL, the national association for Amateur Radio MOU – Red Cross and ARRL Page 10 of 12 Attachment C – Statement of Cooperation for local organizational units Document version: Feb. 2010 The primary points of contact are: American Red Cross XXXXX Chapter Contact: e-mail: Office: Mobile: <<XXX>> Contact: e-mail: Office: Mobile: _______________________________________________________________________________ Signature American Red Cross XXXXX Signature <<XXX>> Print Name: _____________________________Print Name:_______________________________ Date: __________________________________ Date:____________________________________ Review Date (after one year): ________________________
  • 59. American Red Cross ARRL, the national association for Amateur Radio MOU – Red Cross and ARRL Page 11 of 12 Attachment D – ARRL Roles on Red Cross Disaster Relief Operations Document version: Feb. 2010 ATTACHMENT D – ARRL Roles on Red Cross Disaster Relief Operations During a Red Cross Disaster Relief Operation (DRO), ARRL volunteers may perform in any of the following roles. These are examples of actual roles; they may or may not actually be included in all operations depending on the needs of the operation. It is possible that one person can support multiple roles or one role may require support from several people. This is not an exhaustive list and ARRL volunteers who have taken Red Cross Disaster Services training can participate in other roles. ARRL volunteers who are assigned roles by the Red Cross during a DRO will be provided with Red Cross credentials as required by the role, consistent with Red Cross policy. Amateur Radio Liaison: This role is for a person who is familiar with both Red Cross and local amateur radio operations. This role would establish contact with the local ARES unit, amateur radio club and repeater owners to provide a single technical-level point of contact for the DRO. If local agreements already exist, this role could be pre-designated. It would be expected that this role would be linked to a similar role in the partner organization. Communication Equipment Operator: This is a standard radio operator role for someone who would operate a two-way radio or other communication device at a fixed facility or mobile/portable location to support the DRO. They would pass messages from point to point either directly or through a message relay. Operators may use DRO-issued equipment or personally-owned equipment, and they may be on amateur radio frequencies or frequencies coordinated or licensed by the Red Cross. Communication Equipment Installation / Repair: This is a more technically hands-on role than the Operator. In this role, the person would be asked to temporarily install two-way radio equipment into a facility or vehicle that is under Red Cross authority through ownership, lease or rental. The equipment could include base-station radios, mobile radios and appropriate antennas. Equipment may also require field repairs, such as the radios installed into Red Cross ERVs. Disaster Assessment: Individuals who have taken the necessary training with the Red Cross can assess the damage caused by a disaster, and use their radio skills to relay that information back to a central point that will use the information to develop a complete picture of the event.
  • 60. American Red Cross ARRL, the national association for Amateur Radio MOU – Red Cross and ARRL Page 12 of 12 Document version: Feb. 2010 MINOR DOCUMENT REVISIONS November 1, 2010  Corrected sentence structure in Section IV, During Disasters, Communication to read properly  Updated ARRL Contact Information