The document discusses globalization and its effects on Dubai. It summarizes that Dubai has experienced rapid economic growth and development over the last decade due to foreign investment and its embrace of globalization. However, this growth has relied heavily on migrant workers who often face exploitation, abuse, and human rights violations. While Dubai has become very wealthy, the millions of migrant workers that power its economy frequently suffer discrimination, unpaid wages, confinement, and physical assault.

1. GLOBALIZATION AND ITS EFFECT ON DUBAI BY JOHN PERRY

2. Globalization “ The increasing integration of developing countries in world trade and world finance, along with the deregulation and liberalization of markets, asset diversification, and increased activity by multinational corporations (35).” Moghadam, V.M. (2005). Globalizing women: Transnational Feminist Networks. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press.

3. UAE: A Brief History Dubai is 1 of 7 Sheikhdoms in the UAE. Originally known as the Trucial States as they signed a truce for Great Britain’s protection in 1820. Britain withdrew in 1971. Joined with Coalition Forces against Iraq in the Gulf War of 1991. Considered Iran a foe in 1999. Less than half the population are Arabs Most of the population are from E and SE Asia.

4. Dubai Today Dictatorship The 7 Sheikhs govern separate territories yet meet as a group to decide on Governmental policies..etc “ a regime without a parliament or a political opposition, without trade unions, political parties or associations. All books and newspapers are subject to censorship. Sharia law is observed (law based on the Koran), including corporal punishment…all Jews are strictly banned from entering the country So, the emirate boasts residents hailing from 150 different countries - except Israel (Fichtner).” Sustainability Problems: 1.4 million population is expected to double by 2010 Heavy traffic due to overpopulation Lack of water irrigation Terrorism Prevention Riots among migrant workers

5. A Growing Dubai Over the last decade, the economy of Dubai grew 236% It will soon pass Saudi Arabia, for the richest nation in the Middle East. Last year there was a 16% GDP growth- twice the number in China. This is largely due to the “CEO” of Dubai, Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum.

6. One of the largest industries in Dubai is real estate. Including foreign investments there are $100 billion dollars invested in Dubai. Twice the amount invested in the Iraqi Reconstruction Project. The world’s tallest building is being constructed next to the world’s largest mall. The mall holds an indoor ski slope, one of the world’s largest aquariums, and a theme park twice the size of Disneyland. In late 2005, a groundbreaking ceremony was held for a Donald Trump tower to be built in Dubai. The Burj Dubai (2008)

7. Western Influence Into Dubai Over the last thirty years, Dubai has attempted to keep up with the West by allowing foreign investment into its region.

8. Dubai’s Outside Investments 2% stake in Daimler Chrysler Investments in NY landmark Helmsley Building Contracts to build Mediterranean Spas all over the world A new city in Saudi Arabia

9. “ Osama bin Laden’s Nightmare” "Twenty years ago, four companies operated a few cargo cranes in this free trade zone. Today, 6,300 companies from 100 countries have a presence here, and they are joined by new companies every day. A nodal point of world trade has taken shape in an extremely short time, linking India and Africa, China and Europe (Fichtner)."

10. U.S. Military and the UAE The U.S. currently has 2 military bases in the UAE. Fujairah (East Coast) Al Dhafra Air Base (West Coast) Both nations signed a defense agreement after the Gulf War in 1991. Currently, from Al Dhafra, the U.S. are monitoring efforts for the Iraqi Reconstruction Project and guarding a no-fly zone. Fujairah is a port that mostly houses oil tankers going to and fro.

11. The Dubai Ports Scandal In mid February of ’06, Dubai Ports World buys out P&O Shipping company, which currently works out of 6 U.S. ports. The public believes the move is a direct threat to national security.

12. Secure America’s Ports!

13. Arguments for the Ports Deal…Bush’s first veto? Q “Mr. President, leaders in Congress, including Senator Frist, have said that they'll take action to stop the port control shift if you don't reverse course on it. What do you say to those in Congress who plan to take legislative action? THE PRESIDENT : They ought to listen to what I have to say about this. They ought to look at the facts, and understand the consequences of what they're going to do. But if they pass a law, I'll deal with it, with a veto (2/21/06).” “ We have got to strengthen our relationships and friendships with moderate Arab countries in the Middle East…UAE is a valued and strategic partner…I'm committed to strengthening our relationship with the UAE and explaining why it's important to Congress and the American people (3/10/06).” “ Congress was still very much opposed to it…I'm concerned about a broader message this issue could send to our friends and allies around the world, particularly in the Middle East (3/10/06).”

14. Lieberman Sounds Off

15. 2/10/06 Dubai Ports World (DPW) buys out P&O Shipping ($6.8 billion), the British Shipping Firm that works out of 6 U.S. ports. 2/15/06 Both Democrats and Republicans call for review of deal. 2/19/06 Homeland Security Secretary Michael Chertoff defends the deal. 2/21/06 Senate Majority Leader Bill Frist, R-Tennessee, and House Speaker Dennis Hastert, R-Illinois, among lawmakers that call for the administration to stop the deal. 2/21/06 President Bush says he will veto any legislation that will block the deal. 2/23/06 DPW and the White House agree to delay the ports deal, to give the president more time to convince members of Congress there is no threat to national security. 3/8/06 House Appropriations Committee votes 62-2 to block ports deal 3/9/06 Sen. Frist and Sen. Hastert tell President Bush the bill is dead on Capitol Hill. 3/9/06 DPW agrees to turn over all of its port operations in the U.S. to a U.S. entity TIMELINE OF EVENTS

16. Globalization and Human Rights Dubai’s rapid construction is made possible through the work of millions of migrants, mostly from India and the Philippines. However, they suffer from discrimination, exploitation and abuse. Sometimes employers use violence if a domestic worker demands better working conditions or her pay. A Filipina domestic worker in the United Arab Emirates said, “I asked for my salary and she hit me. She slapped me, my nose bled.” Eleven out of twenty-six Filipino domestic workers interviewed in the United Arab Emirates in March 2006 reported being deprived of adequate nutrition. “ I don’t want to die from starvation and too much work. Breakfast was water and bread; there was no lunch. They would say I can only eat bread. I lost five kilograms [eleven pounds] in three months.” Rosa Alvarez, domestic worker ( HRW.org )

17. The Migrants’ Plight Recently, human rights activists have called on the World Bank to champion an international convention for the protection of migrants that recently entered the Dubai workforce. Of the 17 million workers in the UAE, migrants comprise some 90%. Migrants: Large numbers of women are employed as domestic servants Face intimidation and violence. Confiscate migrants’ documents. Sexual assault from employees, supervisors, sponsors, police, and security forces. Children are vulnerable to labor, sexual exploitation, and denial of basic human rights. “ I was locked up inside the agency for 45 days. We were Indonesians and Filipinos; 25 of us. We got food only once a day. We couldn’t go out at all. The agency said we owed them 1,500 Dhm – three months’ salary. Five of us ran away; we used a blanket to escape from the second floor. Four of us got injured.” – Cristina Suarez, Filipina domestic worker, age 26, Dubai, UAE, February 27, 2006