The survey found that in Q4 2008, businesses were represented from a broad range of industries and employee sizes. Both working capital and stock prices were dramatically affected, and there was a significant reduction in new building permits and a slight reduction in employee work hours. For Q1 2009, large reductions in anticipated expenditures for travel and education were expected, along with reductions extending to salaries and benefits, though a modest increase in expenditures for raw materials was anticipated.