9702 w04 ms_all

UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS
GCE Advanced Subsidiary/Advanced Level
MARK SCHEME for the November 2004 question paper
9702 Physics
9702/01 Paper 1 (Multiple Choice), maximum raw mark 40
Mark schemes must be read in conjunction with the question papers and the Report on the
Examination.
• CIE will not enter into discussion or correspondence in connection with these mark
schemes.
CIE is publishing the mark schemes for the November 2004 question papers for most IGCSE and
GCE Advanced Level syllabuses.

Grade thresholds taken for Syllabus 9701 (Physics) in the November 2004 examination.
minimum mark required for grade:maximum
mark
available
A B E
Component 1 40 33 30 23
The thresholds (minimum marks) for Grades C and D are normally set by dividing the
mark range between the B and the E thresholds into three. For example, if the difference
between the B and the E threshold is 24 marks, the C threshold is set 8 marks below the
B threshold and the D threshold is set another 8 marks down. If dividing the interval by
three results in a fraction of a mark, then the threshold is normally rounded down.

November 2004
GCE AS/A LEVEL
MARK SCHEME
MAXIMUM MARK: 40
SYLLABUS/COMPONENT: 9702/01
PHYSICS
Paper 1
(Multiple Choice)

Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper
GCE AS/A LEVEL – NOVEMBER 2004 9702 1
© University of Cambridge International Examinations 2005
Question
Number
Key
Question
Number
Key
1 C 21 A
2 C 22 A
3 D 23 A
4 A 24 D
5 B 25 C
6 D 26 C
7 D 27 C
8 C 28 D
9 D 29 A
10 B 30 D
11 B 31 C
12 C 32 B
13 B 33 C
14 B 34 C
15 A 35 D
16 A 36 B
17 B 37 A
18 A 38 D
19 B 39 C
20 A 40 D

GCE Advanced Subsidiary and Advanced Level
9702 PHYSICS
9702/02 Paper 2 (Structured), maximum raw mark 60
This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and students, to indicate the requirements of the
examination. This shows the basis on which Examiners were initially instructed to award marks. It does not
indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began. Any
substantial changes to the mark scheme that arose from these discussions will be recorded in the published
Report on the Examination.
All Examiners are instructed that alternative correct answers and unexpected approaches in candidates’
scripts must be given marks that fairly reflect the relevant knowledge and skills demonstrated.
Mark schemes must be read in conjunction with the question papers and the Report on the Examination.
• CIE will not enter into discussion or correspondence in connection with these mark schemes.
CIE is publishing the mark schemes for the November 2004 question papers for most IGCSE and GCE
Advanced Level syllabuses.

mark
available
A B E
Component 2 60 41 37 25
The thresholds (minimum marks) for Grades C and D are normally set by dividing the mark
range between the B and the E thresholds into three. For example, if the difference between
the B and the E threshold is 24 marks, the C threshold is set 8 marks below the B threshold
and the D threshold is set another 8 marks down. If dividing the interval by three results in a
fraction of a mark, then the threshold is normally rounded down.

November 2004
GCE A AND AS LEVEL
MARK SCHEME
MAXIMUM MARK: 60
PHYSICS
Paper 2 (Structured)

A and AS LEVEL – NOVEMBER 2004 9702 2
1 (a) (i) e.g. check for zero error (on micrometer)/zero the micrometer B1
(ii) take readings along the length of the wire/at different points B1
(iii)take readings spirally/around the wire B1 [3]
(b) (i) 4% A1
(ii) 8% A1 [2]
2 (a) all same speed in a vacuum (allow medium)/all travel in a vacuum (1)
transverse/can be polarised (1)
undergo diffraction/interference/superposition (1)
can be reflected/refracted (1)
show properties of particles (1)
oscillating electric and magnetic fields (1)
transfer energy/progressive (1)
not affected by electric and magnetic fields (1)
(allow any three, 1 each) B3 [3]
(b) 495 nm = 495 x 10-9
m C1
number = 1/(495 x 10-9
) = 2.02 x 106
A1 [2]
(allow 2 or more significant figures)
(c) (i) allow 10-7
→ 10-11
m B1
(ii) allow 10-3
→ 10-6
m B1 [2]
3 (a) constant gradient/straight line B1 [1]
(b) (i) 1.2 s A1
(ii) 4.4 s A1 [2]
(c) either use of area under line or h = average speed x time C1
h = ½ x (4.4 – 1.2) x 32 C1
= 51.2 m A1 [3]
(allow 2/3 marks for determination of h = 44 m or h =58.4 m
allow 1/3 marks for answer 7.2 m)

(d) ∆p = m∆v OR p = mv C1
= 0.25 x (28 + 12) C1
= 10 N s A1 [3]
(answer 4 N s scores 2/3 marks)
3 (e) (i) total/sum momentum before = total/sum momentum after B1
in any closed system B1 [2]
(ii) either the system is the ball and Earth B1
momentum of Earth changes by same amount B1
but in the opposite direction B1
or Ball is not an isolated system/there is a force on the ball (B1)
Gravitational force acts on the ball (B1)
causes change in momentum/law does not apply here (B1) [3]
(if explains in terms of air resistance, allow first mark only)
4 (a) wavelength = 1.50 m B1 [1]
(b) v = f λ C1
speed = 540 m s-1
A1 [2]
(c) (progressive) wave reflected at the (fixed) ends B1
wave is formed by superposition of (two travelling) waves B1
this quantity is the speed of the travelling wave B1 [3]
5 (a) (i) F/A B1
(ii) ∆L/L B1
(iii)FL/A.∆L B1 [3]
(b) (i) ∆L = 0.012 x 0.62 x 350 M2
= 2.6 mm A0 [2]
(ii) 2.0 x 1011
= (F x 0.62)/(7.9 x 10-7
x 2.6 x 10-3
) C1
F = 660 N A1 [2]

(iii)either stress when cold = 660/(7.9 x 10-7
) = 840 MPa
or tension at uts = 198 N M1
either this is greater than the ultimate tensile stress
or tension at uts is less then tension in (ii) A1
the wire will snap A1 [3]
(Allow possibility for the two ‘A’ marks to be scored as long as some quantitative
answer – even if incorrect – has been given for the ‘M’ mark)
6 (a) (i) resistance is ratio V/I (at a point) B1
either gradient increases or I increases more rapidly than V B1 [2]
(If states R = reciprocal of gradient, then 0/2 marks here)
(ii) current = 2.00 mA C1
resistance = 2 000 Ω A1 [2]
(b) (i) straight line from origin M1
passing through (6.0 V, 4.0 mA) (allow ½ square tolerance) A1 [2]
(ii) individual currents are 0.75 mA and 1/33 mA C1
current in battery = 2.1 mA A1 [2]
(allow argument in terms of P = I2
R or IV)
(c) same current in R and in C M1
p.d. across C is larger than that across R M1
so since power = VI, greater in C A1 [3]
(allow argument in terms of P = I2
R or IV)
7 (a) (i) nucleus is small M1
in comparison to size of atom A1 [2]
(ii) nucleus is massive/heavy/dense B1
and charged (allow to be scored in (i) or (ii)) B1 [2]
(b) (i) symmetrical path and deviation correct w.r.t. position of nucleus B1
deviation less than in path AB B1
(ii) deviation > 90o
and in correct direction B1 [3]

9702 PHYSICS
9702/03 Paper 3 (Practical Test), maximum raw mark 25

mark
available
A B E
Component 3 25 22 20 14

November 2004
GCE A AND AS LEVEL
MARK SCHEME
MAXIMUM MARK: 25
PHYSICS
Paper 3 (Practical Test)

1 (b) Uncertainty = 1 mm (i.e. 0.5 mm at each end) 1
Percentage uncertainty in first value of d 1
(i.e. ratio correct and x 100)
If working not clear (e.g. bald 0.4% to 0.5%), then 1/2 in this section
(c) (ii) Repeated readings in first set of measurements
There must be at least two values of t. 1
(d) Readings 3
Expect to see 6 sets of raw readings (1 mark).
Write the number of readings as a ringed total by the table.
Check a value for T 2
. Underline checked value and tick if correct (1 mark).
If the number of oscillations has not been recorded, do not award this mark.
If T 2
incorrect, write in correct value. Ignore small rounding errors.
Check a value for d 3
. Underline this value and tick if correct (1 mark).
If incorrect, write in correct value. Ignore small rounding errors.
Minor help given by Supervisor, then -1. Excessive help then -2.
Reasonable time used for oscillations 1
At least half of the raw times must be greater than 20 s.
Quality of results 1
Judge by scatter of points about the line of best fit.
This mark may be scored for 5 trend plots with small scatter.
Wrong trend/curved trend will not score this mark.
This mark can only be scored if the plotted points occupy more than 2 large squares in
the y-direction.
Column headings 2
Apply to T 2
and d 3
only. One mark each.
The headings must contain a quantity and a unit
Consistency in raw values 2
Apply to t and d only. One mark each
All the values of t should be given to the nearest 0.01 s or 0.1 s.
All the values of d must be given to the nearest millimetre.
Significant figures 2
Apply to T 2
and d 3
only. One mark each.
All the values of T 2
must be given to 3 or 4 s.f.
If d given to 1 s.f., then accept d 3
to 1 or 2 s.f.
to 2 or 3 s.f.
to 3 or 4 s.f.
Check each value by row in the table.

(e) Axes 1
Scales must be such that the plotted points occupy at least half the graph grid in
both the x and y directions. Scales must be labelled with the quantity plotted.
Ignore units.
Do not allow awkward scales (e.g. 3:10, 6:10, 7:10 8:10 etc.). There must be no
more than 3 large squares without a scale marking.
Plotting of points 1
Write the number of plots as a ringed total on the graph grid. All observations
must be plotted. Check a suspect plot. Circle and tick if correct. If incorrect, show
correct position with arrow, and -1. Work to half a small square.
Line of best fit 1
There must be a reasonable balance of points about the line of best fit. Allow one
‘off trend’ plot to be ignored. Only allow a straight line through a linear trend.
Determination of gradient 1
∆ used must be greater than half the length of the drawn line.
∆x/∆y scores zero. Check the read-offs. Do not allow tangents to curves.
y-intercept 1
The value may be read directly or calculated using y = mx + c and a
point on the line. Work to half a small square.
(f) Gradient equated with k 1
Do not award this mark if wrong graph (e.g. T vs d, d 3
vs T 2
etc.)
Value of k with unit (e.g. s2
m-3
or s2
cm-3
) 1
Unit must be consistent with value. Any POT error will not score this mark.
Intercept equated with
g
l4 2
π
1
Value of g with unit (e.g. m s-2
or cm s-2
) 1
This mark is conditional on the previous mark being scored.
Unit must be consistent with value. Value should be 19.7/y-intercept.
Method of working must be correct.
Simultaneous equation method can score 1 mark if the units of k and g
are correct.

(g) (i) Calculation of d when T = 2 s 1
Method of working must be correct. A final numerical answer is expected
(ii) d too large for case (approx 45 cm width). 1
Accept sensible answers consistent with candidate's result from (g) (i).
Be generous. Accept values to 0.50 m as small. Some justification needed.
25 marks in total

GCE Advanced Level
9702 PHYSICS
9702/04 Paper 4 (Core), maximum raw mark 60

mark
available
A B E
Component 4 60 39 34 18

November 2004
GCE A LEVEL
MARK SCHEME
MAXIMUM MARK: 60
PHYSICS
Paper 4 (Core)

A LEVEL – NOVEMBER 2004 9702 4
1 (a) θ (rad) = 2π x (10.3/360) 1
= 0.180 rad (n.b. 3 sig. fig.) 1 [2]
(b) (i) tan θ = 0.182 (n.b. 3 sig. fig.) 1
(ii) percentage error = (0.002/0.180) x 100 1
= 1.1 (%) 1 [3]
(allow 0.002/0.182 and allow 1 4 sig. fig.)
2 (a) (i) grav. pot. energy = GM1M2/R 1
energy = {6.67 x 10-11
x 197 x 4 x (1.66 x 10-27
)2
}/9.6 x 10-15
1
= 1.51 x 10-47
J 1 [3]
(ii) elec. pot. energy = Q1Q2/4πε 0R 1
energy = {79 x 2 x (1.6 x 10-19
)2
}/4π x 8.85 x 10-12
x 9.6 x 10-15
1
= 3.79 x 10-12
J 1 [3]
(For the substitution, -1 each error or omission to max 2 in (i) and in (ii))
(b) electric potential energy >> gravitational potential energy 1 [1]
(c) either 6 MeV = 9.6 x 10-13
J or 3.79 x 10-12
J = 24 MeV 1
not enough energy to get close to the nucleus 1 [2]
3 (a) (i) reasonable shape as ‘inverse’ of k.e. line 1
(ii) straight line, parallel to x-axis at 15 mJ 1 [2]
(b) either (max) kinetic energy (= ½ mv2
) = ½ mω 2
a0
2
1
15 x 10-3
= ½ x 0.15 x ω 2
x (5.0 x 10-2
)2
1
ω = 8.9(4) rad s-1
1
or (k.e. = ½ mv2
), v = 0.44(7) m s-1
1
ω = v/a = (0.447)/(5.0 x 10-2
) 1
ω = 8.9(4) rad s-1
1 [3]
(c) (i) either loss of energy (from the system) or amplitude decreases
or additional force acting (on the mass) 1
either continuous/gradual loss or force always opposing motion 1 [2]
(ii) either (now has 80% of its) p.e./k.e. = 12 mJ or loss in k.e. = 3 mJ 1
new amplitude = 4.5 cm (allow ± 0.1 cm) 1 [2]

4 (a) (i) 50 mT 1
(ii) flux linkage = BAN 1
= 50 x 10-3
x 0.4 x 10-4
x 150 = 3.0 x 10-4
Wb 1 [3]
(allow 49 mT 2.94 x 10-4
Wb or 51 mT 3.06 x 10-4
Wb)
(b) e.m.f./induced voltage (do not allow current)
proportional/equal to 1
rate of change/cutting of flux (linkage) 1 [2]
(c) (i) new flux linkage = 8.0 x 10-3
x 0.4 x 10-4
x 150
= 4.8 x 10-5
Wb 1
change = 2.52 x 10-4
Wb 1 [2]
(ii) e.m.f. = (2.52 x 10-4
)/0.30 1
= 8.4 x 10-4
V 1 [2]
(d) either for a small change in distance x 1
(change in) flux linkage decreases as distance increases 1
so speed must increase to keep rate of change constant 1 [3]
or (change in) flux linkage decreases as distance increases (1)
at constant speed, e.m.f/flux linkage decreases as x increases (1)
so increase speed to keep rate constant (1)
5 (a) into (plane of) paper/downwards 1 [1]
(b) (i) the centripetal force = mv2
/r 1
mv2
lr = Bqv hence q/m = v/r B (some algebra essential) 1 [2]
(ii) q/m = (8.2 x 106
)/(23 x 10-2
x 0.74) 1
= 4.82 x 107
C kg-1
1 [2]
(c) (i) mass = (1.6 x 10-19
)/(4.82 x 107
x 1.66 x 10-27
) 1
= 2u 1 [2]
(ii) proton + neutron 1 [1]
6 (a) (i) either probability of decay or dN/dt = (-)λN OR A = (-)λN 1
per unit time with symbols explained 1 [2]
(ii) greater energy of α particle means 0
(parent) nucleus less stable 1
nucleus more likely to decay 1
hence Radium-224 1 [3]
(b) (i) either λ = In2/3.6 or λ = In2/3.6 x 24 x 3 600
= 0.193 = 2.23 x 10-6
1
unit day -1
s-1
1 [2]
(one sig.fig., -1, allow λ in hr-1
)

(ii) N = {(2.24 x 10-3
)/224} x 6.02 x 1023
1
= 6.02 x 1018
1
activity = λN
= 2.23 x 10-6
x 6.02 x 1018
1
= 1.3 x 1013
Bq 1 [4]
(c) A = A0 e-ln2.tlT
0.1 = exp(-In2 . n) 1
n = 3.32 1 [2]
(n = 3 without working scores 1 mark)
7 (a) variation is non-linear 1
two possible temperatures 1 [2]
(b) e.g. 1. small thermal capacity/measure ∆θ of small object
/short response time
2 readings taken at a point/physically small
3 can be used to measure temperature difference
4 no power supply required
etc. (any two, 1 mark each) 2 [2]

GCE Advanced Level
9702 PHYSICS
9702/05 Paper 5 (Practical Test), maximum raw mark 30

mark
available
A B E
Component 5 30 24 22 15

November 2004
GCE A LEVEL
MARK SCHEME
MAXIMUM MARK: 30
PHYSICS
Paper 5 (Practical Test)

1 (b) (iii)Explanation of positioning of magnet 1
(e.g. place eye level with top of coil/measure length of magnet outside coil)
(d) Readings 3
6 sets then 3; 5 sets then 2; 4 sets then 1; 3 sets or less scores zero
Allow more than 6 sets without penalty.
Allow current values to be greater than 5 A.
Allow I = 0 to be one of the values in the table.
Any POT error then -1.
Write the number of readings as a ringed total by the table.
Minor help from the Supervisor, 1. Major help, then -2.
If help has been given then write SR at the top of the front page of the script, and
give a brief explanation of the type of help that has been given by the table of
results.
Repeated readings 1
There must be at least two sets of readings for either F or I.
Allow all the readings to be identical.
Column headings 1
Each column heading must contain a quantity and a unit.
There must be some distinguishing feature between the quantity and the unit.
Consistency of raw readings 1
All the raw readings of F should be given to the same number of d.p.
All the raw readings of I should be given to the same number of d.p.
Expect to see values to one or two d.p. only. Clearly manufactured readings scores
zero.

Graph Axes 1
The axes must be labelled with the quantities plotted.
Ignore units on the axes.
The plotted points must occupy at least half the graph grid in both the x and
y directions (i.e. 4 large squares in the x-direction and 6 large squares in
the y-direction).
Do not allow more than 3 large squares between the labels on an axis.
Do not allow awkward scales (e.g. 3:10, 6:10 etc.).
Graph Plotting of points 1
All the observations must be plotted.
Count the number of plots and ring this total on the grid.
Do not allow plots in the margin area.
Check one suspect plot. Circle this plot. Tick if correct. If incorrect, mark
the correct position with a small cross and use an arrow to indicate where
the plot should have been, and -1. Allow errors up to and including half a
small square.
Only a drawn straight line through a linear trend is allowable for this mark.
This mark can only be awarded for 5 or more plots on the grid. There must
be a reasonable balance of points about the drawn line. Do not allow a line
of thickness greater than half a small square.
Graph Line of best fit 1
Only a drawn straight line through a linear trend is allowable for this mark
This mark can only be awarded for 5 or more plots on the grid.
There must be a reasonable balance of points about the drawn line.
Do not allow a line of thickness greater than half a small square.
Graph Quality of results 1
Judge by scatter of points about the line of best fit.
Accept five good trend plots. Poor trend/no trend/wrong trend scores zero.

(e) (iii)Gradient 1
Ignore any units given with the value.
Hypotenuse of ∆ must be > half the length of line drawn.
Check the read-offs. Work to half a small square. A∆/A∆ gets zero.
Values taken from the table that lie on the line to within half a small square are
acceptable.
y-intercept 1
(f) k = gradient, W = y-intercept 1
Graph of I vs F will not score this mark unless analysis is consistent.
Unit of k and unit of W (i.e. N A-1
and N respectively) 1
SF in k 1
Allow 2 of 3 sf only
(g) Deducting the weight of the magnet from F will give a straight line passing through
the origin and therefore force of attraction is proportional to current. 2
If the weight of the magnet is not taken into consideration, then score zero.
Statement that force of attraction is not directly proportional to current scores zero.
(h) (i) Value of l when F = 10 N 1
Working must be checked.
(ii) Overheating problems with the coil when F = 10 N 1
Do not allow answers such as ‘large voltage cannot be obtained from the psu’
20 marks in total
Question 2
A1 Procedure OK (i.e. measure P and f; change P and repeat). 1
This mark can be scored even if the method is unworkable.
A2 Diagram of workable arrangement 2
Source of sound + pump (1 mark); microphone + CRO (1 mark)
Allow ½ if all apparatus is inside the bell jar.
Allow ½ if the container is open.

A3 Measurement of P 1
(e.g. Bourdon gauge/pressure gauge/manometer/barometer). Must be shown correctly
on the diagram.
B1 Correct measurements taken to find frequency using CRO 1
Length of trace on screen + timebase setting
B2 Use of measurements to calculate frequency, or f = 1/T 1
B3 Maintain constant temperature whilst pressure is reduced 1
OR maintain constant frequency as pressure is reduced
OR close tap before taking readings
C Safety precaution 1
Safety screens/goggles
D1/2 Any further good design features 2
Some of these might be:
Difficulty with detecting sounds of low intensity at low pressures
Use a signal generator connected to speaker
Vacuum grease the wires to the speaker
Allow time between readings for apparatus to warm up/cool down
Monitor temperature with thermometer during experiment
Avoid unwanted sounds/use soundproof room
Source of sound and microphone both inside the chamber
Increase P as well as decrease P to give wide spread of readings
10 marks in total

Summary of shorthand notation which may be used in annotating scripts:
SFP Significant figure penalty
ECF Error carried forward
AE Arithmetical error
POT Power of ten error
NV Not valid
NR Not relevant
NBL Not best line
FO False Origin
NGE Not good enough
BOD Benefit of the doubt
NA Not allowed
SV Supervisor’s value
SR Supervisor’s report
OOR Candidate’s value is out of range
CON Contradictory physics not to be credited
✓∆
Used to show that the size of a triangle is appropriate (gradient
calculation)
✓C Used to show that the raw readings are consistent
✓SF
Used to show calculated quantities have been given to an appropriate
number of significant figures
^ Piece of work missing (one mark penalty)
^^ Several pieces of work missing (more than one mark penalty)
↔ Scale can be doubled in the x-direction
↕ Scale can be doubled in the y-direction

9702 PHYSICS
9702/06 Paper 6, maximum mark 40
examination. This shows the basis on which Examiners were initially instructed to award marks. It
does not indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before
marking began. Any substantial changes to the mark scheme that arose from these discussions will
be recorded in the published Report on the Examination.
All Examiners are instructed that alternative correct answers and unexpected approaches in
candidates’ scripts must be given marks that fairly reflect the relevant knowledge and skills
demonstrated.
Mark schemes must be read in conjunction with the question papers and the Report on the
Examination.
CIE is publishing the mark schemes for the November 2004 question papers for most IGCSE and
GCE Advanced Level syllabuses.

mark
available
A B E
Component 6 40 30 27 15

November 2004
GCE A AND AS LEVEL
MARK SCHEME
MAXIMUM MARK: 40
PHYSICS
Paper 6

Option A – Astrophysics and Cosmology
1 diameter of the Sun B1
nearest (neighbour) star/Proxima Centauri B1
diameter of (Milky Way) galaxy B1
extent of (visible) Universe (allow diameter/radius) B1 [4]
2 e.g. Atmospheric absorption/scattering M1
means light is too faint Al
Light pollution M1
means light cannot be distinguished against background Al [4]
Irregular atmospheric refraction/thermal currents (M1)
means small objects blurred/not seen (Al)
(any two sensible suggestions {M1 x 2} plus some further detail of each {A1 x 2})
3 (a)(i) either density such that Universe will not collapse or expand indefinitely B1
greater density than ρ0 means collapse (OR vice versa) B1
or determines whether Universe is ‘open’ or ‘closed’ (B1)
greater density than ρ0 means ‘closed’
OR smaller density than ρ0 means ‘open’ (B1) [2]
(ii) (if Universe is closed eventually all) kinetic energy of galaxies will be converted to
(gravitational) potential energy B1
(gravitational) potential energy involves the gravitational constant G B1 [2]
(b)(i)1 (sensible straight line and) one or two points chosen with attempt at antilogs B1
H0 = 100 km s-1
Mpc-1
(allow 80 → 125 km s-1
Mpc-1
) A1
1 Mpc = 3.1× 1019
km C1
H0 = 100/(3.1× 1019
) = 3.2× 10-18
s-1
Age = 1/H0 = 3.1× 1017
s A1 [4]
(i)2 ρ0 = (3× 10-18
}2
) / (8× π× 6.67× 10-11
) C1
= 1.86× 10-26
kg m-3
A1 [2]
(ii) number density = (1.86× 10-26
) / (1.66× 1027
) C1
≈ 10 A1 [2]

Option F – The Physics of Fluids
4 (a) M shown near base of stem B1 [1]
(b)(i) density = mass/volume C1
volume submerged in liquid of density 1.0 g cm-3
= 165 cm3
C1
volume submerged in liquid of density 1.1 g cm-3
= 150 cm3
C1
change in volume = 15 cm3
A1
(ii) distance (= 15/0.75) = 20 cm A1 [5]
5 (a) arrows longer at centre than edges M1
arrows parallel and correct relative lengths A1 [2]
(b)(i) no unique value of (linear) speed B1 [1]
(ii)1 volume flow rate doubles A1
(ii)2 new radius = 1.05 r
new flow rate = 1.054× 2 C1
= 2.4(3) times greater A1 [3]
6 (a) (fluid) flow/movement B1
that is erratic/has eddies B1
i.e. speed varies continuously (in magnitude and direction) with time B1 [3]
(b)(i) for turbulent flow, FD/v2
C1
v = 58 m s-1
A1 [2]

Option M – Medical Physics
7 (a) pulse of ultrasound B1
reflected from boundaries B1
received (at surface) and processed B1
time for pulse to return gives depth of boundary B1
reflected intensity gives information on nature of boundary B1 [5]
(b) fraction = e-23 × 0.055
C1
= 0.28 A1 [2]
(c) fraction = 0.28× 0.35× 0.28 C1
= 0.027 A1 [2]
(or 0.35e-23 × 0.11
= 0.028)
8 (a)(i) rays from S converge to point behind retina B1
(ii) range of image distances B1
such that image is tolerably in focus B1 [3]
(b) for the same size of patch on the retina M1
focused image is further from the retina A1
(so) depth of focus is increased B1 [3]
9 (a) intensity = (0.33× 10-6
) / (65× 10-6
) C1
= 5.1 (5.08) × 10-3
W m-2
C1
I.L. = 10 lg (5.08× 10-3
) / (1.0× 10-12
) C1
= 97 dB A1 [4]
(b) (long-term exposure) could cause deafness OR
(short-term exposure) could cause tinnitus B1 [1]

Option P – Environmental Physics
10 (a) massive nucleus/named appropriate nucleus splits B1
into two approximately equal parts/named components B1
with the release of neutrons and energy B1 [3]
(b) moderator: slows down (high speed) neutrons M1
so that further fissions are more likely/will take place A1
control rods absorb neutrons M1
to provide control over the rate of fission A1 [4]
11 (a)(i) water moved from (area of) trough to crest to form wave B1
potential energy = mgh M1
= ½ λ Awρ× g× A
(must be laid out so that substitutions are obvious) M1
= ½ wA2
λ ρg A0 [3]
(ii) there are V/ λ wavecrests passing a point per unit time M1
power = ½ wA2
λ ρg× V/ λ A1
= ½ wA2
ρgV A0 [2]
(b) e.g hazard to shipping, unsightly, upset to shoaling fish etc.
(any sensible suggestion) B1 [1]
12 (a) input shown clearly as 1140 W B1
four outputs labeled correctly M1
arrows having approximately correct ratio of widths A1 [3]
(b) electrical heating more efficient at transferring energy to water B1
very little thermal energy escapes because plastic is an insulator B1
gas ring much less efficient because of thermal energy losses to the air B1
thermal energy losses due to conduction as kettle is metal B1 [4]

Option T – Telecommunications
13 (a) box for 1 m – 10 cm labeled T B1
(b) box for 10 cm – 1 cm labeled S B1 [2]
14 (a) frequency of carrier wave varies (in synchrony) with information signal B1
constant amplitude OR carrier frequency >> signal frequency B1
change in frequency measures displacement of information signal B1
rate at which carrier frequency varies gives frequency of information signal B1 [4]
(b)(i) period = 0.8 μ s C1
frequency = 1.25 MHz A1
(ii) 125 kHz A1 [3]
(c) advantage: e.g. better quality/less interference B1
disadvatange: e.g. more transmitters/more expensive B1 [2]
(any sensible suggestions, 1 each)
15 (a)(i) sampled every 0.5 ms C1
frequency = 2.0 kHz A1
(ii) at 1.0 V intervals B1
(iii) 4 bits B1 [4]
(b) needs sampling time shorter than smallest peak-trough interval B1
any suggestion of about (0.2 ms or about) 5 kHz (allow 5 kHz → 10 kHz) A1
needs voltage interval less than peak-trough height B1
any suggestion at about 0.3 V (allow 0.1 V → 0.4 V) C1
so either 12/0.3 = 40 OR 11/0.3 = 37 OR 10/0.3 = 34 etc. A1
(ignore binary nature of the ADC and the DAC)

9702 w04 ms_all

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