This document provides an overview of government resources available on the deep web. It begins with definitions of the deep web and an explanation that most web information is dynamically generated and not indexed by standard search engines. It then discusses findings from a 2000 study that estimated the deep web contains over 550 billion documents and 750 terabytes of information, far more than the surface web. Examples of deep web resources are then given for the federal, state and local levels of the US government, including statutes, regulations, court records, and municipal codes.
These are slides from the first webinar in the Accidental Gov Info Librarian series. Presented by Bryna Coonin, it covers the basics of government information.
These are slides from the first webinar in the Accidental Gov Info Librarian series. Presented by Bryna Coonin, it covers the basics of government information.
[MOBILEHCI2013] MagPen: Magnetically Driven Pen Interaction On and Around Con...Sungjae Hwang
This paper introduces MagPen, a magnetically driven pen interface that works both on and around mobile devices. The proposed device introduces a new vocabulary of gestures and techniques that increase the expressiveness of the standard capacitive stylus. These techniques are: 1) detecting the orientation that the stylus is pointing to, 2) selecting colors using locations beyond the screen boundaries, 3) recognizing different spinning gestures associated with different actions, 4) inferring the pressure applied to the pen, and 5) uniquely identifying different pens associated with different operational modes. These techniques are achieved using commonly available smartphones that sense and analyze the magnetic field produced by a permanent magnet embedded in a standard capacitive stylus. This paper explores how magnets can be used to expand the design space of current pen interaction, and proposes a new technology to achieve such results.
[MOBILEHCI2013] MagPen: Magnetically Driven Pen Interaction On and Around Con...Sungjae Hwang
This paper introduces MagPen, a magnetically driven pen interface that works both on and around mobile devices. The proposed device introduces a new vocabulary of gestures and techniques that increase the expressiveness of the standard capacitive stylus. These techniques are: 1) detecting the orientation that the stylus is pointing to, 2) selecting colors using locations beyond the screen boundaries, 3) recognizing different spinning gestures associated with different actions, 4) inferring the pressure applied to the pen, and 5) uniquely identifying different pens associated with different operational modes. These techniques are achieved using commonly available smartphones that sense and analyze the magnetic field produced by a permanent magnet embedded in a standard capacitive stylus. This paper explores how magnets can be used to expand the design space of current pen interaction, and proposes a new technology to achieve such results.
In this presentation, I share the results I found from conducting a case study in a graduate educational learning technology course at a medium sized university in the southwest US. The purpose of this case study was to understand the meanings that graduate students assign to their experience with HyFlex design. The term HyFlex has its roots in two words: Hybrid – combines both online and face-to-face teaching and learning activities in a single course, and Flexible – students choose their mode of participation whether face-to-face, online, or both. Findings show four themes that capture the meanings the participating graduate students assigned to their experience with HyFlex design: accommodating students’ needs, increasing access to course content, differentiating instruction, and encouraging student control.
Building Online Learning Communities Using Web 2.0 TechnologiesDr. Mariam Abdelmalak
In this presentation, I describe how I use Web 2.0 technologies to facilitate the development of a community of learners among graduate distant students and how students responded to the use of Web 2.0 tools and to what extent these tools assisted in developing a community of learners. Twitter, Skype, Google Documents, Blog, and Wiki were intentionally used in order to build online learning communities among students. An anonymous survey was used. The students indicated that using Google Documents, Twitter, Wiki, and blog gave them a sense of a learning community while using Skype did not give them a sense of a learning community. Google Documents and Wiki had the most impact on students’ sense of a learning community in the course.
[MOBILEHCI2013] VibPress: Estimating Pressure Input Using Vibration Absorptio...Sungjae Hwang
This paper introduces VibPress, a software technique that enables pressure input interaction on mobile devices by measuring the level of vibration absorption with a built-in accelerometer when the device is in contact with a damping surface (e.g., user’s hands). This is achieved using a real-time estimation algorithm running on the device. Through a user evaluation, we provide evidence that this system is faster than previous software-based approaches, and as accurate as hardware-augmented approaches (up to 99.7% accuracy). We also provide insight about the maximum number of pressure levels that users can reliably distinguish, reporting usability metrics (time, errors, and cognitive loads) for different pressure levels and types of gripping gestures (press and squeeze).
In this presentation, I share the results I found from conducting a case study in a graduate educational learning technology course at a medium sized university in the southwest US. The purpose of this case study was to understand the meanings that graduate students assign to their experience with HyFlex design. The term HyFlex has its roots in two words: Hybrid – combines both online and face-to-face teaching and learning activities in a single course, and Flexible – students choose their mode of participation whether face-to-face, online, or both. Findings show four themes that capture the meanings the participating graduate students assigned to their experience with HyFlex design: accommodating students’ needs, increasing access to course content, differentiating instruction, and encouraging student control.
FOLLOW INSTRUCTIONS BELOW.Part 1 The America Invents Act· .docxAKHIL969626
FOLLOW INSTRUCTIONS BELOW.
Part 1: "The America Invents Act"
· Research the Leahy–Smith America Invents Act (AIA)
· When was the act signed into law? (1pts)
· Explain the distinction between "first to file" and "first to invent". (3pts)
· How does the new law position the US with respect to the rest of the world? (3pts)
· What does “first to file” mean? How will this affect how you patent in the future? (3pts)
Part 2: Apple vs. Samsung
· Research the Apple vs. Samsung US patent infringement case
· What were the specific claims of the initial lawsuit? Who sued whom and for what? (3 pts)
· Summarize the outcome of the international lawsuits? (3 pts)
· Summarize the outcome of the US lawsuits? (4 pts)
Other Assessment Criteria:
· Grammar/Spelling(0-10% multiplier on total points from above)
· Do NOT use pronouns in a technical document
· Utilize proper:
· commas
· sentence structure
· reference source citing
· etc.
· Formatting (0-10% multiplier on total points form above)
· Consistent font, spacing, paragraph structure, easy to read and understand, etc.
· Submission is one page at most.
Running head: FINAL PAPER
1
FINAL PAPER
2
Final paper
South University
Legislative and Judicial Process | MPA6505 XA
Faculty: Timothy Smith
Introduction
In the recent years, the federal government has adopted various strategies to ensure public administration. There have been constitutional amendments as well as legislative reforms that deal with state statutes. The government has revolutionized public administration through the delivery of justice and the enactment of rules and regulations. This paper is a reflective essay on three aspects of public administration that include sources of formal law, state legislation and evolution of state law.
There are several sources of formal law that can be applied in public administration. As learned in the week’s chapter, the constitution is the major organ that acts as a source of laws that govern the citizens of the United States. The constitution contains numerous laws that define the various sectors of the nation. According to Holzer and Schwester (2011), the federal government through the Congress undertakes constitutional amendments to ensure that laws that control the actions of people are enacted.
Through the study of the sources of formal laws, I gained immense cognitive knowledge on fundamental aspects of public administration. Moreover, I am now in a position to define the role of laws in the society and the impact the laws will have in the future generations.
During the week’s study, the content that was taught enabled the learners to improve on their knowledge of public administration. The workload was adequate for that particular period. The knowledge learned about public administration was broken into various stages that allowed the learners to understand each section fully. As the learning continued throughout the week, I was in a position to embrace several strategies that assisted m ...
Jaimi Dowdell presents "Data Journalism for Business Reporting" at the free business journalism workshop, "Be a Better Business Watchdog -- CAR for Business Journalists," hosted by the Donald W. Reynolds National Center for Business Journalists, The Seattle Times and the University of Washington.
Keynote address by Rebecca Love Kourlis, Executive Director of the Institute for the Advancement of the American Legal System at the University of Denver. Given at Pepperdine School of Law, April 2010. Giving a national focus on the civil justice system and how it needs assessment and repair.
Jaimi Dowdell presents "Data Journalism for Business Reporting" during the free, daylong workshop, "Be a Better Business Watchdog -- CAR for Business Journalists."
For more information about free training for business journalists, please visit businessjournalism.org.
Lawmaking Judges Government and Private presented 2023 April 7.pptxStephen Ware
Stephen Ware became the Frank Edwards Tyler Distinguished Professor of Law at the University of Kansas in 2019.
Among his scholarly interests are arbitration and judicial selection. This lecture combines those topics and explains that:
1. Judicial Lawmaking is routine, inevitable.
2. Judges’ ideologies influence the content of the law judges make.
3. Importance of judicial ideology is why we battle over the 3 methods of selecting government judges and particular selections within them.
4. A fourth method of selecting judges is contract, which selects private judges (arbitrators).
5. Judicial selections tend to reflect power under the applicable selection method.
This lecture asks "How much room for lawmaking by private judges (arbitrators) selected by contract will government lawmakers allow?", a question discussed in Ware's most-cited article "Default Rules from Mandatory Rules: Privatizing Law Through Arbitration,"
Minnesota Law Review, Vol. 83, No. 703, 1999
This lecture, including its question and answer session, may be viewed at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=09k7hyN4qkk
Scanned by CamScannerScanned by CamScannerChapte.docxtodd331
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Chapter 13:The Bureaucracy
ADA Text Version
Learning Objectives
1. Describe the formal organization of the federal bureaucracy.
2. Classify the vital functions performed by the bureaucracy.
3. Explain the present Civil Service system and contrast it with the 19th century spoils system.
4. Identify the various factors contributing to bureaucracy's growth over time.
5. Compare the means by which Congress and the president attempt to maintain control over the bureaucracy.
6. Analyze and evaluate the problems that bureaucratic organization poses for American democracy.
Introduction
The very word "bureaucracy" often carries negative connotations. To refer to an institution as a "bureaucracy" or characterize it as "bureaucratic" is usually intended as an insult. But the national bureaucracy, sometimes called the "fourth branch of government", is responsible for practically all of the day-to-day work of governing the country. While bureaucracy in the United States, consistent with our tradition of more limited government, is smaller than its counterparts in other longstanding democracies, its influence extends to almost every corner of American society. From delivery of the mail to regulation of the stock market to national defense, federal employees plan, regulate, adjudicate, enforce, and implement federal law. Despite recurrent calls to "shrink" the size of government, the federal bureaucracy remains the largest single employer in the United States. This lesson examines the bureaucracy's formal organization, its critical role in the American economy and society, and its perceived weaknesses.
Study Questions
1. How did sociologist Max Weber define bureaucracy?
2. Identify the various functions federal bureaucracies perform giving at least one example each:
a. Implementation
b. Regulation
c. Adjudication
d. Enforcement
e. Policy-making
3. How many people does the federal government employ? For what percentage of GDP does federal spending account? How does this compare to other economically advanced democracies?
4. Classify and distinguish the major types of bureaucracy in the federal government:
a. Cabinet Departments
b. Independent Agencies
c. Independent Regulatory Commissions
d. Government Corporations
5. How does the federal bureaucracy select and recruit personnel? Contrast the present civil service system with the spoils system. What advantages does the present system provide?
6. What factors explain the growth of bureaucracy over time despite recurrent calls for limiting the size of government?
7. Identify those factors in the budget process making it difficult to cut bureaucratic funding.
8. Describe the way Congress authorizes funding for the federal bureaucracy.
9. How does Congress attempt to control the federal bureaucracy?
10. How does the president attempt to control the federal bureaucracy?
11. What special problems does bureaucratic independence present in a democracy? Discuss with re.
Policy Implementationvibert jacobComment by William Lester.docxharrisonhoward80223
Policy Implementation
vibert jacob Comment by William Lester: Vibert Jacob
William Lester
Description of the program
Local agencies that need to be involved in the program Comment by William Lester: What program? You have not told me what the program is.
Georgia State Congress
The Congress of State of Georgia is one of the most important agencies that come in handy in the formulation of different social and political policies (Akbulut-Bailey, 2011). The Congress has a library that houses millions of print media. With the digital collection of the manuscripts, government documents and an array of books, it is easy to get the relevant information that is needed for the implementation of the program. Comment by William Lester: There is no Congress of the State of Georgia. Do you mean the Georgia State Legislature?
Georgia Supreme Court
Although the Georgia Supreme Court may be directly or indirectly involved in the local implementation of the program, it is important to note that its presence cannot be ignored. For a number of years, the court has decided a number of legal cases that have had far-reaching ramifications; both legal and social (Akbulut-Bailey, 2011). It is therefore, prudent that necessary information is assessed in the implementation process.
Local administrators
There are a number of public administrators within the state of Georgia. Most of these public servants are entrusted with the role of public agency management. This means that before implementation of any public or private policy programs within the city, they have to be involved.
Population
It is paramount to understand the demographics of Georgia State before undertaking the implementation of the policy program at hand. It is one of the most populous states in the US with an estimated population of ten million people (as per the 2015 census) (Annual Estimates of the Resident Population, 2015). Given that the state has one of the largest number of illegal immigrants, it is therefore important that the program implementation takes this into account. Comment by William Lester: Comment by William Lester: the State of Georgia
Community involved
In terms of racial composition, the whites accounts for around 60% of the total population. Blacks account for around 35% while the Asians account for 5% with the rest of composition being taken by the natives (Annual Estimates of the Resident Population, 2015). With the whites being the majority, then the program implementation ought to be tailored towards that. Comment by William Lester: What is the program?
Program goals
The goal of this program was to understand the complexities that surround the involvement of state in policy implementation. While the implementation at a local level has involved a number local agents, understanding how state agencies affect the process is vital especially for radar screen of state legislatures. Comment by William Lester: You cannot have a program goal for an undefine.
Response one pol-05Based on the look of the present Congress it .docxronak56
Response one pol-05
Based on the look of the present Congress it appears that there are at least 42 different committees. While some of these committees appear to be unique to either the House or the Senate there are overlapping committees such as the Armed Services, Budget and Intelligence committees. Although, Congressional committees are headed by the party that is currently in power of that respective house. In the current case, the Republican Party controls both and the majority on the committees is Republican (Congressional Committees). By having all committees controlled by the same party tends to lead to lesser independence for Congressional committees. The party polarization that exist in present day politics and is evident in the composition of Congress also tends lead to Congressional committees want to pass legislation onto either the House or the Senate that benefits the ideals of the party in power. To get a better understanding of the lesser independence when one party controls Congress we can look simple at the fact that the number of constitutional hearings is less during a unified Congress than when they are divided. For example, when the House has been unified between the years of 1970 to 2009 there have been on average two less constitutional hearing (Devins 2011).
Additionally, while there was a change in the 1970s that resulted in reforms of the committees and provided more power to the chairs and leaders of the political parties it affected how policy could passed through Congressional committees. The creation of lesser independence due to the increased party polarization has led to a system where when a major controls both policy that is designed to benefit a certain group may or may not be passed based on party affiliation (Pearson 2009).
By seeing the affects that party polarization has had on Congressional committees it would almost appear that having greater independence with the committees could potential lead to policies and bills that benefit a larger group being passed onto the Congressional floors. Furthermore, the redundancy of committees in both the House and Senate seem to prevent greater independence. This could primarily be to blame when one party controls all of Congress. An example this could be the House Appropriations committee seeking to allocate funds for the Department of Defense and based on the control the House at this time the committee is going to be heavily influenced by that party. Then, if the same party controls the Senate Appropriations committee the ideas of the less party in getting appropriations set aside that could either benefit or hinder the Department of Defense are ignored. Having greater independence and not having that specific influence from party polarization would generate better discussion and the potential for appropriations being allocated that are more potentially beneficial than not.
References:
Devins, Neal. 2011. "PARTY POLARIZATION AND CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEE CO ...
2. As summarized from a White Paper by Michael K Bergman
entitled, “The Deep Web: Surfacing Hidden Value”
A link to the 50+ page document is provided
at the end of this lecture (1).
3. “Searching on the Internet today can be
compared to dragging a net across the surface of
the ocean.”
5. Some key points to remember
“Most of the Web’s information is buried down on
dynamically generated sites, and standard search
engines never find it.”
“The deep Web is qualitatively different from the
surface Web.”
Bright Planet has quantified the size and relevancy of
the deep Web in a study based on data collected in
2000.
6. Key findings from the study include:
Public information on the deep Web in currently 400-550
times larger than the commonly defined WWW.
Deep Web contains 7,500 terabytes of information
compared to 19 terabytes on the surface Web.
Deep Web contains nearly 550 billion individual
documents compared to 1 billion on the surface Web.
More than 200,000 deep Web sites presently exist.
7. Key findings from the study include:
The typical deep Web site is not well known to the
Internet-searching public.
The deep Web is the largest growing category of new
information on the Internet.
More than half of the deep Web content resides in topic-
specific databases.
A full 95% of the deep Web is publicly accessible
information – not subject to fees or subscriptions.
8. I Love this quote!
“Eighty-five percent of Web users use search engines to
find needed information, but nearly as high a percentage
cite the inability to find desired information as one of
their biggest frustrations.”
9. Bright Planet did an analysis of the
largest deep Web sites
And compiled a list of 60 known, largest deep Web sites
containing data of about 750 terabytes of roughly 40 times
the size of the known surface Web.
Roughly two-thirds of these sites are public ones,
representing about 90% of the content available within this
group of sixty.
We will be exploring two of these sites in our exploration of
government resources, US Census and GPO Access.
The full list of 60 sites is presented as Table 2 in the linked
White Paper at the end of this lecture .
10. Bear with me as we review some basic civics we
learned in the 4th grade. It makes for a nice
framework moving forward.
11. Who remembers this?
Three Ring Government
Video is attached in the Unit 3 Support section and is
provided courtesy of YouTube.
12. Yes, that is right.
Executive Branch
Legislative Branch
Judicial Branch
All three branches are represented in the deep Web.
13. Executive Branch
President
Vice-President
Departments (Presidential Cabinet) – Some examples
include
Department of Transportation
Department of Labor
Department of Justice
14. Executive Branch
President
Vice-President
Departments (Presidential Cabinet) – Some examples
include
Department of Transportation
Department of Labor
Department of Justice
Now, let’s just drill a little deeper on this one department.
15. Department of Justice
The primary rulemaking components of the
Department of Justice include:
Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives
(ATF)
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
Bureau of Prisons (BOP)
Civil Rights Division
Office of Justice Programs
Executive Office for Immigration Review
16. Department of Justice
The primary rulemaking components of the
Department of Justice include:
Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives
(ATF)
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
Bureau of Prisons (BOP)
Civil Rights Division
Office of Justice Programs
Executive Office for Immigration Review
Once again let’s drive down on one facet – the DEA
17. Drug Enforcement Administration
(DEA) enforces federal controlled substances laws and
regulations. Through its diversion control program
(DCP), the DEA regulates drug manufacturers,
distributors, importers, exporters, hospitals, doctors,
pharmacists, and others involved with controlled
substances, and tracks transactions involving designated
chemicals that have legitimate uses but are subject to
diversion for illicit purposes.
18. Just one example…
Controlled Substances Act (2).
Just one of the laws they enforce. It is codified as part
of the US Code. The DEA is charged with enforcing
its provisions. US Code is one of the sources we will
work with in this unit.
20. Legislative Branch
Congress
House of Representatives
Senate
What do they do?
No jokes here. They make the laws.
How?
21. Nope, I couldn’t resist one more.
It’s Bill!
Video is attached in the Unit 3 Support section and is
provided courtesy of YouTube.
22. Judicial Branch
Courts decide arguments about the
meaning of laws, how they are applied,
and whether they break the rules of the
Constitution.
The Supreme Court and the other courts
in the Federal system issue opinions (or
rulings) and access to those opinions are
considered part of the deep Web.
23. As we have discussed, there are 3 branches
of government. We have focused thus far on
the Federal Level. In addition to the Federal
level, we must also learn about the other
two levels of government:
State and Local
There are deep Web resources for those as well.
24. Please note as we move through this portion of the
lecture, I am using examples based on the State of
MISSOURI and the Local of SPRINGFIELD. You can
adapt these examples to fit your state and locality.
Let us proceed.
25. Executive Branch
State Local
Missouri Governor, Jay Nixon Springfield Mayor, Bob Stephens
Within the Executive Branch are works with City staff in the various
six statewide elected officials and departments to see that the laws
sixteen executive departments (city ordinances) are enforced.
responsible for executing the laws
of the state.
26. Legislative Branch
State Local
House of Representatives and Springfield City Council
Senate make up the Missouri Citizens, City staff or Council
Congress in Jefferson City. members suggest an
The bill to law process
ordinance that may resolve a
problem or address a concern.
matches the Federal system.
Those proposed ordinances
go through a series of
readings, debate, committee
work, and a vote before some
are enacted into law. Some
die just like at Fed or State
level.
28. Deep Web at the State
and Local Levels
Missouri Revised Statutes (3)
Missouri Code of State Regulations (4)
Casenet – Missouri Court records case records including docket
entries, parties, judgments and charges in public court.
Restrictions apply (5).
Springfield City Code and Zoning Ordinances (6)
Springfield MO Outstanding Municipal Warrants (7)
I point these out not because we will necessarily cover them, but to
illustrate that these are all government resources that can be
considered part of the deep Web. Including them may also
encourage you to seek out such resources in your own jurisdictions.
29.
30. This is a three-week unit on
Government Resources.
Week One – Reading and Discussion Board
Participation
Week Two – Exploration of Resources
Week Three – Practice via Assignment
Please visit the Discussion Board, Unit
Support, and Assignments sections of
Blackboard to proceed.