This document discusses key Islamic concepts of din (way of life), ibadah (worship), and da'wah (invitation to Islam). It defines din as the all-encompassing code prescribed by Allah that integrates worship, law, governance, and social obligations. Ibadah refers not just to rituals but expressing submission to Allah in all actions. Da'wah means inviting others to understand tawhid (monotheism) through wisdom, reasoning, and good counsel, with the goal of enjoining right conduct and forbidding wrong. The methodology of da'wah should be with patience, gentleness, and prioritizing opportunities when people are receptive.
This slide program describes the significance of our strong relation with Allah Subhanahu, our only Creator and Deity. It explains various levels of this relation. It also describes ways to develop this relation in the light of Quran and Sunnah. It outlines impediments in the way to get close to Allah Subhanahu.
The document discusses the Islamic concept of shirk, which is defined as ascribing partners to God or giving God's rights or attributes to other beings. It provides details on different categories of shirk, including shirk in rububiyyah (lordship), asma wa sifat (names and attributes), and uluhiyyah (divinity). The document emphasizes that shirk is the greatest sin in Islam and will not be forgiven, as it prevents one from entering paradise. It also discusses related concepts like tabarruk (seeking blessings), talismans, and omens.
This document provides a summary of the key beliefs and principles of Islam according to Saleh As-Saleh. It discusses Islam as the final and complete message from God to mankind, perfected by God and requiring no additions or deletions. It outlines Islam's purpose, beliefs regarding God's oneness and attributes, righteous deeds, interactions, lawful/unlawful matters, migration, jihad, and avoiding deviations. It advises following the Quran and teachings of Muhammad and his companions to understand Islam correctly and calls people to Islam by establishing evidence for God's oneness and linking life/death to the afterlife.
Here the Quran clearly states that repentance is accepted from apostates who repent, and that the punishment for apostasy is from God, not murder by other humans. Taking a human life for apostasy has no basis in the Quran.
Imam Sulayman ibn ‘Abdillah
Language: English | Format: PDF | Pages: 209 | Size: 2.5 MB
A comprehensive text on issues related to alliance with non-Muslims in the context of Jihad and conduct during war.
-
Contents:
Preface…………………………………………………………………. 5
The Foundation of Islām and Its Principle …………………. 12
Millat Ibrāhīm: The Path …………………………………………. 38
Ad-Dalā’il Fī Hukm Muwālāt Ahl Al-Ishrāk………………… 75
The Dividing Border Between Muwālāt and Tawallī ……. 112
Refraining From Making Takfīr of a Kāfir …………… 120
The Verdict of Imām Ahmad Shākir ……………………….. 123
The Imāms of Najd – Vs. – the Murji’ah………………. 131
The Muwahhidūn are Not Khawārij………………………… 174
Millat Ibrāhīm: The Obstacles……………………………………………….. 189
Conclusion……………………………………………………………………….. 199
At-Tibyān Publications Releases:…………………………………………… 208
Worship in Islam encompasses all aspects of life, including rituals, beliefs, social activities, and contributions to others. It means complete submission and obedience to God by conforming one's life and actions to the teachings of the Quran and Sunnah. The five pillars of ritual worship in Islam are salah (prayer), zakah (charity), sawm (fasting), hajj (pilgrimage), and seeking knowledge, which is also considered an act of worship.
The document provides an overview of key Islamic concepts including:
- What it means to be a Muslim is to submit one's will to Allah.
- The purpose of life is to worship Allah alone. Worship encompasses all internal and external actions done to please Allah.
- The five pillars of Islam are the foundation of faith and practice for Muslims: the shahadah (declaration of faith), salah (prayer), zakah (charity), sawm (fasting during Ramadan), and hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca).
The document provides an overview of key concepts related to religion and Islam. It defines religion as a subjective term and notes how the meaning has shifted over time. It discusses the Arabic term "Madhab" and how it is similar to religion. Technical definitions of religion from various scholars are presented.
It then focuses on explaining the term "Deen" which is used in the Quran and Hadith to refer to Islam/the Islamic system. Deen encompasses beliefs, worship, customs, and covers all aspects of society. The document defines Islam as submission to Allah and living according to his laws as revealed in the Sharia. It provides characteristics of the Islamic Sharia, noting it is revealed by Allah, comprehensive,
This slide program describes the significance of our strong relation with Allah Subhanahu, our only Creator and Deity. It explains various levels of this relation. It also describes ways to develop this relation in the light of Quran and Sunnah. It outlines impediments in the way to get close to Allah Subhanahu.
The document discusses the Islamic concept of shirk, which is defined as ascribing partners to God or giving God's rights or attributes to other beings. It provides details on different categories of shirk, including shirk in rububiyyah (lordship), asma wa sifat (names and attributes), and uluhiyyah (divinity). The document emphasizes that shirk is the greatest sin in Islam and will not be forgiven, as it prevents one from entering paradise. It also discusses related concepts like tabarruk (seeking blessings), talismans, and omens.
This document provides a summary of the key beliefs and principles of Islam according to Saleh As-Saleh. It discusses Islam as the final and complete message from God to mankind, perfected by God and requiring no additions or deletions. It outlines Islam's purpose, beliefs regarding God's oneness and attributes, righteous deeds, interactions, lawful/unlawful matters, migration, jihad, and avoiding deviations. It advises following the Quran and teachings of Muhammad and his companions to understand Islam correctly and calls people to Islam by establishing evidence for God's oneness and linking life/death to the afterlife.
Here the Quran clearly states that repentance is accepted from apostates who repent, and that the punishment for apostasy is from God, not murder by other humans. Taking a human life for apostasy has no basis in the Quran.
Imam Sulayman ibn ‘Abdillah
Language: English | Format: PDF | Pages: 209 | Size: 2.5 MB
A comprehensive text on issues related to alliance with non-Muslims in the context of Jihad and conduct during war.
-
Contents:
Preface…………………………………………………………………. 5
The Foundation of Islām and Its Principle …………………. 12
Millat Ibrāhīm: The Path …………………………………………. 38
Ad-Dalā’il Fī Hukm Muwālāt Ahl Al-Ishrāk………………… 75
The Dividing Border Between Muwālāt and Tawallī ……. 112
Refraining From Making Takfīr of a Kāfir …………… 120
The Verdict of Imām Ahmad Shākir ……………………….. 123
The Imāms of Najd – Vs. – the Murji’ah………………. 131
The Muwahhidūn are Not Khawārij………………………… 174
Millat Ibrāhīm: The Obstacles……………………………………………….. 189
Conclusion……………………………………………………………………….. 199
At-Tibyān Publications Releases:…………………………………………… 208
Worship in Islam encompasses all aspects of life, including rituals, beliefs, social activities, and contributions to others. It means complete submission and obedience to God by conforming one's life and actions to the teachings of the Quran and Sunnah. The five pillars of ritual worship in Islam are salah (prayer), zakah (charity), sawm (fasting), hajj (pilgrimage), and seeking knowledge, which is also considered an act of worship.
The document provides an overview of key Islamic concepts including:
- What it means to be a Muslim is to submit one's will to Allah.
- The purpose of life is to worship Allah alone. Worship encompasses all internal and external actions done to please Allah.
- The five pillars of Islam are the foundation of faith and practice for Muslims: the shahadah (declaration of faith), salah (prayer), zakah (charity), sawm (fasting during Ramadan), and hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca).
The document provides an overview of key concepts related to religion and Islam. It defines religion as a subjective term and notes how the meaning has shifted over time. It discusses the Arabic term "Madhab" and how it is similar to religion. Technical definitions of religion from various scholars are presented.
It then focuses on explaining the term "Deen" which is used in the Quran and Hadith to refer to Islam/the Islamic system. Deen encompasses beliefs, worship, customs, and covers all aspects of society. The document defines Islam as submission to Allah and living according to his laws as revealed in the Sharia. It provides characteristics of the Islamic Sharia, noting it is revealed by Allah, comprehensive,
3 professional ethics and morality islamic ethical paradigmUme Nasreen
The document discusses Islamic ethical principles and values. It outlines how the Quran and teachings of Prophet Muhammad established a holistic ethical paradigm. Some of the universal Islamic ethical values discussed include protection of property, genealogy, religion, reason, and life. The concept of Tawhid or unity is emphasized as the foundation for ethics in the universe, life, political authority, law, and financial matters. The importance of justice, fairness, and moderation is also highlighted.
The document discusses the concept of worship in Islam. It states that worship in Islam encompasses all aspects of life, both ritual and mundane acts. It is not limited to ritual acts like prayer and fasting, but also includes social, economic and other activities done to please God. The comprehensive definition includes anything said or done to obey God, from beliefs and social contributions to fulfilling religious rituals. Rituals alone are not sufficient - true worship requires conforming all actions and inner thoughts to God's guidance at all times.
This document discusses similarities found across various religious scriptures and teachings, including Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, and Islam. It notes similarities in the concept of one God without partners or images, prohibitions against idol worship, gambling, adultery, fortune telling, liquor, pork, racism, lustful thoughts, and interest. It also discusses similarities in teachings around judgment day, angels having no free will, the importance of repentance, and prohibitions against charging interest. The document aims to promote understanding between religions.
This slide program explains concept of Ibadah in Islam. It defines liberty and happiness in Islamic and secular terms. It shows that true liberty and happiness could only be achieved through Ibadah of Allah Subhanahu Wa Taala alone.
This document provides a summary of the key beliefs and teachings of Islam according to the author. It discusses:
1) Islam as the complete and final message from God that does not require any additions or deletions.
2) The main rights and purposes of humanity according to Islam, including worshipping God alone.
3) Core Islamic concepts like Tawheed (monotheism), knowledge, righteousness, interactions, lawful/unlawful acts.
4) Rejecting deviations from Islam and emphasizing correct beliefs and practices.
5) The importance of migration, Jihad for the spread of monotheism, and establishing Islamic communities and law.
The document provides a summary of the key beliefs and teachings of Islam according to the author. It discusses:
1) Islam as the complete and final message from God that does not require any additions or deletions.
2) The main rights and purposes of humanity according to Islam, including worshipping God alone.
3) Core Islamic concepts like Tawheed (monotheism), knowledge, righteousness, interactions, lawful/unlawful acts.
4) Rejecting deviations from Islam and emphasizing correct beliefs and practices.
Ibadah, the definition of worship in islamtopbottom1
Ibadah refers to the total submission and obedience to Allah in all aspects of life through actions and beliefs. It includes inward acts of the heart like love, fear and reliance on Allah as well as outward acts like prayer, fasting and charity. True ibadah is only that which is prescribed in Islamic law as derived from the Quran and Sunnah and excludes any innovations not supported by religious texts. Ibadah consists of four categories - inward speech of beliefs, outward speech through words, inward actions of emotions, and outward physical actions.
This document discusses the importance and principles of da'wah (inviting others to Islam). It emphasizes that da'wah is an obligation for Muslims according to the Quran and Sunnah. It outlines the importance of both public da'wah efforts as well as personal da'wah efforts to individuals. For personal da'wah, it recommends getting to know the individual, gaining their trust, strengthening their faith, and gradually instilling proper Islamic beliefs and practices in them. It also stresses having good character, knowledge and materials when conducting da'wah.
The document provides information about key similarities and differences between Islam and Judaism. It discusses their concepts of prayer, charity, marriage rituals, funerary practices, and holy days. Both religions believe in one God and prophets, and require prayer, charity, and burial of the deceased. However, they differ in the number of daily prayers, the direction of prayer, and languages used. Charity in Islam is obligatory while optional in Judaism. Marriage and funeral rituals share some elements but also have differences. Their holy days of Jumu'ah and Sabbath involve rest and prayer but have distinctive rules and observances.
The document provides an overview of some key beliefs and practices in Islam:
1) It discusses the five pillars of Islam - faith, prayer, charity, fasting, and pilgrimage - and provides details on daily prayers, charitable giving, fasting in Ramadan, and the hajj pilgrimage.
2) It explains core Islamic beliefs including belief in one God (Allah), prophets including Muhammad, and the Quran as the final revealed text from God.
3) It notes that Islam is a complete way of life and that Muslims are commanded to do good and avoid evil in their treatment of others.
Understanding Islam
The document provides an overview of key aspects of Islam, including:
- The basics of faith in Islam which include belief in one God and prophets such as Abraham, Moses, and Jesus.
- The five pillars of Islam which are the fundamental acts of worship: declaration of faith, prayer, charity, fasting, and pilgrimage.
- Other topics covered include the Quran, forms of worship, Islamic teachings on social issues, and questions Muslims may have.
The document discusses Islamic principles of peace, diversity, and prohibiting violence. It explains that Islam means peace, the roots of the word Islam mean submission to God, and its basic tenets promote peace. It discusses Quranic verses advocating diversity in humanity and rejecting compulsion in religion. It also outlines Islamic rules of war only permitting fighting in self-defense and prohibiting harming non-combatants, as well as requiring peace if the enemy seeks it.
The document provides information about Islam, including:
1) Islam's core beliefs include the oneness of God, Muhammad as his final prophet, and following divine revelations in the Quran.
2) Islam guides all aspects of life through religious duties and moral principles revealed in the Quran and teachings of Muhammad.
3) The message of Islam is presented as addressing issues of justice, ethics, society and more through timeless guidance from God.
Islam is a way of life that involves submission to God. It has over 1.5 billion followers worldwide from diverse backgrounds. The five pillars of Islam are the testimony of faith, prayer, charity, fasting during Ramadan, and pilgrimage to Mecca. Muslims believe in one God and that Muhammad is the final prophet who received and relayed the Quran as God's final revelation to humanity.
This document provides an overview of Islamic perspectives on the rights of neighbors. It discusses hadith that emphasize showing generosity, respect and help to neighbors regardless of whether they are Muslim or relatives. Neighbors are said to have one, two or three rights depending on their relationship and faith. The document outlines Islamic teachings on protecting a neighbor's interests, respecting them, forgiving wrongs and helping them in times of injustice or calamity. Overall it emphasizes treating all neighbors according to the highest ethical code in Islam.
This document provides a translator's preface and the first chapter of a treatise on establishing certainty in faith. The preface introduces the author, 12th century scholar Abdallah al-Haddad, and his goal of writing concise texts to strengthen religious foundations. The first chapter instructs the reader to strengthen their certainty through attentively reflecting on verses and hadiths about God's majesty, the truthfulness of prophets, and by contemplating the signs of God in creation. Maintaining certainty acts as a protection against doubts and results in an unshakable faith comparable to a towering mountain.
The document discusses the Muslim world's reaction to blasphemy. It defines blasphemy and outlines rules around it in Pakistani law, Sharia law, and international law. It notes that blasphemy laws in Pakistan prohibit insulting or defaming Islam, the Prophet Muhammad, or Quran. However, these laws are controversial as they can be used to target minorities and are inconsistent with international standards of freedom of religion and expression. The document concludes by saying that Muslim protests in response to blasphemy should reflect reason and not resort to violence, as occurred in some countries, in order to avoid sending a negative message.
The document discusses the five pillars of Islam which are the basic moral obligations for Muslims: Shahada (professing faith), Salat (prayer), Zakat (charity), Sawm (fasting during Ramadan), and Hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca). It explains that Islamic morality stems from belief in one God and the purpose of human life being to worship God. Some of the fundamental characteristics of a Muslim are piety, humility before God and others, and not being vain or attached to worldly pleasures. A Muslim should be morally good in all circumstances and enjoin virtue while prohibiting vice in society.
3 professional ethics and morality islamic ethical paradigmUme Nasreen
The document discusses Islamic ethical principles and values. It outlines how the Quran and teachings of Prophet Muhammad established a holistic ethical paradigm. Some of the universal Islamic ethical values discussed include protection of property, genealogy, religion, reason, and life. The concept of Tawhid or unity is emphasized as the foundation for ethics in the universe, life, political authority, law, and financial matters. The importance of justice, fairness, and moderation is also highlighted.
The document discusses the concept of worship in Islam. It states that worship in Islam encompasses all aspects of life, both ritual and mundane acts. It is not limited to ritual acts like prayer and fasting, but also includes social, economic and other activities done to please God. The comprehensive definition includes anything said or done to obey God, from beliefs and social contributions to fulfilling religious rituals. Rituals alone are not sufficient - true worship requires conforming all actions and inner thoughts to God's guidance at all times.
This document discusses similarities found across various religious scriptures and teachings, including Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, and Islam. It notes similarities in the concept of one God without partners or images, prohibitions against idol worship, gambling, adultery, fortune telling, liquor, pork, racism, lustful thoughts, and interest. It also discusses similarities in teachings around judgment day, angels having no free will, the importance of repentance, and prohibitions against charging interest. The document aims to promote understanding between religions.
This slide program explains concept of Ibadah in Islam. It defines liberty and happiness in Islamic and secular terms. It shows that true liberty and happiness could only be achieved through Ibadah of Allah Subhanahu Wa Taala alone.
This document provides a summary of the key beliefs and teachings of Islam according to the author. It discusses:
1) Islam as the complete and final message from God that does not require any additions or deletions.
2) The main rights and purposes of humanity according to Islam, including worshipping God alone.
3) Core Islamic concepts like Tawheed (monotheism), knowledge, righteousness, interactions, lawful/unlawful acts.
4) Rejecting deviations from Islam and emphasizing correct beliefs and practices.
5) The importance of migration, Jihad for the spread of monotheism, and establishing Islamic communities and law.
The document provides a summary of the key beliefs and teachings of Islam according to the author. It discusses:
1) Islam as the complete and final message from God that does not require any additions or deletions.
2) The main rights and purposes of humanity according to Islam, including worshipping God alone.
3) Core Islamic concepts like Tawheed (monotheism), knowledge, righteousness, interactions, lawful/unlawful acts.
4) Rejecting deviations from Islam and emphasizing correct beliefs and practices.
Ibadah, the definition of worship in islamtopbottom1
Ibadah refers to the total submission and obedience to Allah in all aspects of life through actions and beliefs. It includes inward acts of the heart like love, fear and reliance on Allah as well as outward acts like prayer, fasting and charity. True ibadah is only that which is prescribed in Islamic law as derived from the Quran and Sunnah and excludes any innovations not supported by religious texts. Ibadah consists of four categories - inward speech of beliefs, outward speech through words, inward actions of emotions, and outward physical actions.
This document discusses the importance and principles of da'wah (inviting others to Islam). It emphasizes that da'wah is an obligation for Muslims according to the Quran and Sunnah. It outlines the importance of both public da'wah efforts as well as personal da'wah efforts to individuals. For personal da'wah, it recommends getting to know the individual, gaining their trust, strengthening their faith, and gradually instilling proper Islamic beliefs and practices in them. It also stresses having good character, knowledge and materials when conducting da'wah.
The document provides information about key similarities and differences between Islam and Judaism. It discusses their concepts of prayer, charity, marriage rituals, funerary practices, and holy days. Both religions believe in one God and prophets, and require prayer, charity, and burial of the deceased. However, they differ in the number of daily prayers, the direction of prayer, and languages used. Charity in Islam is obligatory while optional in Judaism. Marriage and funeral rituals share some elements but also have differences. Their holy days of Jumu'ah and Sabbath involve rest and prayer but have distinctive rules and observances.
The document provides an overview of some key beliefs and practices in Islam:
1) It discusses the five pillars of Islam - faith, prayer, charity, fasting, and pilgrimage - and provides details on daily prayers, charitable giving, fasting in Ramadan, and the hajj pilgrimage.
2) It explains core Islamic beliefs including belief in one God (Allah), prophets including Muhammad, and the Quran as the final revealed text from God.
3) It notes that Islam is a complete way of life and that Muslims are commanded to do good and avoid evil in their treatment of others.
Understanding Islam
The document provides an overview of key aspects of Islam, including:
- The basics of faith in Islam which include belief in one God and prophets such as Abraham, Moses, and Jesus.
- The five pillars of Islam which are the fundamental acts of worship: declaration of faith, prayer, charity, fasting, and pilgrimage.
- Other topics covered include the Quran, forms of worship, Islamic teachings on social issues, and questions Muslims may have.
The document discusses Islamic principles of peace, diversity, and prohibiting violence. It explains that Islam means peace, the roots of the word Islam mean submission to God, and its basic tenets promote peace. It discusses Quranic verses advocating diversity in humanity and rejecting compulsion in religion. It also outlines Islamic rules of war only permitting fighting in self-defense and prohibiting harming non-combatants, as well as requiring peace if the enemy seeks it.
The document provides information about Islam, including:
1) Islam's core beliefs include the oneness of God, Muhammad as his final prophet, and following divine revelations in the Quran.
2) Islam guides all aspects of life through religious duties and moral principles revealed in the Quran and teachings of Muhammad.
3) The message of Islam is presented as addressing issues of justice, ethics, society and more through timeless guidance from God.
Islam is a way of life that involves submission to God. It has over 1.5 billion followers worldwide from diverse backgrounds. The five pillars of Islam are the testimony of faith, prayer, charity, fasting during Ramadan, and pilgrimage to Mecca. Muslims believe in one God and that Muhammad is the final prophet who received and relayed the Quran as God's final revelation to humanity.
This document provides an overview of Islamic perspectives on the rights of neighbors. It discusses hadith that emphasize showing generosity, respect and help to neighbors regardless of whether they are Muslim or relatives. Neighbors are said to have one, two or three rights depending on their relationship and faith. The document outlines Islamic teachings on protecting a neighbor's interests, respecting them, forgiving wrongs and helping them in times of injustice or calamity. Overall it emphasizes treating all neighbors according to the highest ethical code in Islam.
This document provides a translator's preface and the first chapter of a treatise on establishing certainty in faith. The preface introduces the author, 12th century scholar Abdallah al-Haddad, and his goal of writing concise texts to strengthen religious foundations. The first chapter instructs the reader to strengthen their certainty through attentively reflecting on verses and hadiths about God's majesty, the truthfulness of prophets, and by contemplating the signs of God in creation. Maintaining certainty acts as a protection against doubts and results in an unshakable faith comparable to a towering mountain.
The document discusses the Muslim world's reaction to blasphemy. It defines blasphemy and outlines rules around it in Pakistani law, Sharia law, and international law. It notes that blasphemy laws in Pakistan prohibit insulting or defaming Islam, the Prophet Muhammad, or Quran. However, these laws are controversial as they can be used to target minorities and are inconsistent with international standards of freedom of religion and expression. The document concludes by saying that Muslim protests in response to blasphemy should reflect reason and not resort to violence, as occurred in some countries, in order to avoid sending a negative message.
The document discusses the five pillars of Islam which are the basic moral obligations for Muslims: Shahada (professing faith), Salat (prayer), Zakat (charity), Sawm (fasting during Ramadan), and Hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca). It explains that Islamic morality stems from belief in one God and the purpose of human life being to worship God. Some of the fundamental characteristics of a Muslim are piety, humility before God and others, and not being vain or attached to worldly pleasures. A Muslim should be morally good in all circumstances and enjoin virtue while prohibiting vice in society.
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
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In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
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This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
1. Unit 7
Islamic Thought: Basic Concepts, Din
‘Ibadah and Da'wah
Prof. Dr. Anis Ahmad*
Prof. Anis is meritorious professor of comparative ethics and religion and Vice
Chancellor, Riphah International University, Islamabad. He is also Editor of
Quarterly Journal West & Islam, Islamabad. He can be contacted at
anis@riphah.edu.pk and anis@anisahmad.com
2. 1 General meaning of “Religion”
• Derived from Latin religare (to bind fast), religion is interpreted in
the West and the East as a set of doctrines, rituals, offerings ceremonies,
festivals and prayers. Western thinkers interpret it as a feeling of
dependence (Schliermacher); poetic thinking (Herder); Myth (Eliade);
an illusion and a mass neurosis (Freud); a bridge between magic and
science (Santayana); experience of the holy (Otto); and as man’s
Ultimate concern (Paul Tillich).
• Major world religions including Christianity, Buddhism, Hinduism,
Judaism and Zoroastrianism more or less share in this concept of
religion.
3. 2
• Representative Philosophical views on Religion
Voltaire (1694 – 1778)
• French Scholar
• Critical of Roman Catholicism as a tool of priests and
the religious establishments
Moses Mendelssohn (1729 – 1786)
• German Jewish Philosopher
• Regarded Judaic tradition as a body of revealed
legislation whose practice made people realize
universal truths.
4. 3
Immanuel Kant (1724 – 1804)
• German Philosopher
• Considered personal moral conviction as basis for
God’s existence
Aguste Comte(1798-1857): Evolution of Human thought
• Theological, mythical thinking
• Metaphysical, abstraction.
• Positivism scientific thinking. Correlating the facts of
observation with each other.
5. 4 Religious and Secular Divide
Mircea Eliade (1907 –1986)
The Western and the Eastern mind both believe in a dualism of:
Sacred and profane;
Religious and secular;
Worldly and spiritual
(Mircia Elide, The Sacred and Profane, The Nature of Religion, NY,
1959)
6. 5 Popular Muslim perceptions of madhhab (religion)
• Religion is a matter of worship such as prayer (salah), fasting (saum),
zakah, and pilgrimage (hajj).
• It is a spiritual encounter with the Ultimate, a matter of qalb, a mystical
experience, it has no place for reason ‘aql
• It means implementation of legal punishments (hudud) and regulations
(shari‘ah laws).
• It is a personal matter, society and state has no business with it.
7. 6 The Qur’anic View of “din”
Islam is din, a comprehensive way of life and not a madhhab or
religion.
The term din appears at around 85 places in the Qur’an; madhhab, an
Arabic word, is not used even once.
“The true din with Allah is Islam (submission to His Will):”
al-i-’Imran, 3:19
8. 7 Islam as the final and complete way of life, code,
din
“This day have I perfected your din for you, completed My favour
upon you, and have chosen for you Islam as your din (way of life).”
al-Maida 5:3
9. 8 Din also refers to the Day of Judgment
“The Master of the Day of Judgment”.
al-Fatihah 1:4
10. 9 Din incudes implementation of law
“The woman and the man guilty of adultery (or fornication) flog each
of them with a hundred stripes: And let not tenderness for them deter
you from what pertains to Allah's din, if you do truly believe in Allah
and the Last Day, and let a party of believers witness their
punishment.”
al-Nur 24:2
11. 10 Din calls for observing social obligations
“Have you observed him who belies din (day of judgment), that is he who
repels the orphan, and urges not the feeding of the needy…”
al-Ma‘un 107:1-2
12. 11 Din stands for removal of insecurity, oppression,
exploitation and realization of law and order in
society
“Keep on fighting against them until mischief ends and the Way
prescribed by Allah prevails”
al-Baqarah 2:193
13. 12 Din includes governance and statecraft
“All authority (Sovereignty)to govern rests only with Allah. He has
commanded that you serve none but Him. This is the right way of
life (al-din al qayyim), though most people are altogether unaware.”
Yusuf 12:40
14. 13 Din integrates the spiritual and the material
“Believers! When the call for prayer is made on Friday, hasten to
remembrance of Allah, and give up all trading. That is better for you if
you, only knew. But when the Prayer is ended, disperse in the land, and
seek Allah’s Bounty and remember Allah much so, that you may
prosper”.
al-Jum’ua 62:9-10
Islam rejects the idea of reducing din to ‘religious’ rituals and
ceremonies.
It integrates Allah’s obedience in economic, social and political realms.
15. 14 Din is defined as a total way of life
“O you who believe! Enter into Islam whole-heartedly; and follow not the
footsteps of the evil one; for he is to you an avowed enemy.”
al-Baqarah, 2:208
16. 15 ‘Ibadah in Islam
• ‘Ibadah is often translated as worship, which is indeed one
meaning of the term. Worship is understood as an act of
devotion, ritual or certain ways of salutation, offerings or
service on a specific time and space, e.g observing sabath on
Saturday by the Jews or Church services on Sunday in
Christianity.
• ‘Ibadah has much wider connotation in Islam.
17. 16
• The root word ‘abd means to become subservient , subdued ,
submissive. The literal meaning of ‘ibadah is to express utter
humbleness and humility. It is used in the Qur’an for acts of worship
salah, sawm, zakah, hajj.
• ‘Abid means a person who is observing fully ‘ibadat, its pl. ‘Abidin
means a group of worshippers.
18. 17 Ibadah as objective of human creation
“And I did not create the jinn and mankind except to serve Me”
al-Dhariyat 51:56
19. 18
• Din and Tawhid demand that all acts of ‘ibadah should be
exclusively for the Creator, Lord. This is fully expressed in al-
Fatihah:
“You alone we worship, You alone we seek for help”
al-Fatihah:1-4
“Your Lord has decreed that you worship non but Him”
al-Isra :17:23
20. 19
‘Ibadah demands dissociation from all deviation and rebellion acts.
“For We assuredly sent amongst every People a messenger, (with the
Command), "Serve Allah, and shun the evil”
al Nahl 16:36
"Did I not enjoin on you, O you Children of Adam, that you should not
worship Satan; for that he was to you an evident enemy?”
Yasin 36:60
21. 20
• The calcification of fuqaha of ‘ibadat , mu‘ milat and ‘uqubat in a
sense confines ‘ibadah to rituals i.e salah , zakah, saum,and hajj.
• In Makkah saum , zakah and hajj were not ordained but believers were
asked to become ‘ibad, servant of Allah.
• An ‘abd (pl ‘ibad) and an ‘abid (worshiper) does not mean one and the
same.
• An ‘abd is a person who observes Allah’s commands in every single
action performed in society as reflected in al-Furqan 25:63-67
22. 21
• To be an ‘abd is an honor bestowed on Allah’s Messengers.
“And remember Our servant Job, when he called to his Lord” Saad 38:41
“and remember our servant David” Saad 38:17
“Never would the Messiah disdain to be a servant of Allah” an-Nisa 4:172
“Exalted is He who took His Servant by night from al-Masjid al-haram to
al-Masjid al- Aqsa”
al-isrā 17:1
23. 22 ‘Ibadah is also a comprehensive concept
“Say, "Indeed, my prayer, my rites of sacrifice, my living
and my dying are for Allah, Lord of the worlds”.
al-An‘am 6:162
24. “The (true) servants of the Merciful are those who walk humbly on the earth
who, when the ignorant people behave insolently towards them, say, "Peace to
you. who pass their nights in prostrating themselves and standing before their
Lord: who pray, "Our Lord, save us from the torment of Hell, for its torment
is killing. it is an evil abode and an evil resting place. who, when they spend,
are neither extravagant nor miserly but keep the golden mean between the
two (extremes).
(Continued) Al-Furqan 25:63-67
22.1 An ‘abd of Allah is known by his behavior
25. “…who do not invoke any god but Allah nor kill a soul, which Allah has forbidden,
unjustly, nor commit adultery. He who does this shall be punished for his sin. and his
torment shall be doubled on the Day of Resurrection, and he shall abide in a state of
ignominy. except the one who may have repented (after those sins) and have believed
and done righteous works, for such Allah will change his evil deeds into good deeds,
and He is very Forgiving and Merciful. In fact, the one who repents and does
righteous deeds, returns to Allah in the manner that he should. (And the servants of
the Merciful are those:) who do not bear witness to falsehood and who; if they have
ever to pass by what is vain, pass by like dignified people: who do not behave like the
blind and the deaf, when the Revelations of their Lord are recited to them for
admonition”. Al-Furqan 25:68-73
22.2
26. 23 ‘Ibadah and economic activity
‘Ibadah in Islam is not confined to the masjid
“O you who believe! When the call is heard for the prayer of the day of
congregation, haste unto the remembrance of Allah (fas‘au ila dhikr Allah)
and leave your trading. That is better for you if you did but know. But when
the prayer is concluded, freely spread in the land and seek Allah’s bounty yet
remember Allah much, so that you may be successful”.
al-Jumu‘ah 62:9-10
27. 24 Personal and social ‘ibadah
• ‘Ibadah is not confined to personal tazkiyah and tadhkir. The
Qur'an commands saving own self and family from hellfire.
“Believers, save yourselves and your families from the fire …”
al tahrim 66:6
Saving ‘ayal of Allah is also a personal , social and global
responsibly.
28. 25 Da‘wah
• Da'wah simply means ,dissemination ,call or invite toward the core
Islamic massage of tawhid , Oneness, Uniqueness, Transcendence and
Ultimacy of the Creator, subhanahu wa ta'ala
• Invitation to study and follow life of Allah’s final messenger as role
model for humanity.
• Every Muslim male or female is visualized by the Qur’an as a da‘iyah or
da‘i(one who invites).
• The Qur‘an has also used other words which carry meaning of da‘wah
such as indhar to caution or warn, or tadhkir to remind or iblagh to
communicate. The word da'wah embraces all these aspects.
• With very few exceptions all world religions try to share, if not preach or
propagate their teachings.
29. 26
• The Qur’an asks the Prophet to disseminate what ever is
revealed to him.
“O Messenger ! Communicate (disseminate) what has been
reveled to you from your Rabb, for if you fail to do that, you
have not fulfilled the task of His messengership. Allah will
certainly protect you from the evil of men. Surly Allah will not
guide the unbelievers ( to succeed against you). al-Mai’dah 5:67
30. 27 Individual and collective obligation
• The Qur’an links falah ,felicity and success of believers with their
proactive role as du'at.(pl of da‘iyah).
“Let there arise out of you a community (ummah) of people inviting all
that is good, enjoining all that is right, and forbidding all that is wrong
They are the ones to attain felicity”.
al-‘Imran 3:104
31. 28 Prime responsibility
The Muslim Ummah (community) is commissioned to work for
creation of peace , justice, balance, harmony moderation and fairness.
“And this is thus that We appointed you to be community of the
middle way , so that you might be witnesses unto all mankind and the
Messenger be a witness unto you”
al-Baqarah 2:143
32. 29 Allah’s prophets only remind their people
about Truth
“So render good counsel, if the reminder will benefit;
al-A‘la 87:9
“And keep reminding, for indeed, the reminder (exhortation)
benefits the believers”.
al-Dhariyat 51:55
33. 30 Da‘wah means basharat (good tidings) as well
as indhar
“O Prophet, indeed We have sent you as a witness and a
bringer of good tidings and a warner”.
al-Ahzab 33:45
34. 31 Inviting towards ma‘ruf
“You are the best community (ummah) produced [as an example] for
mankind. You enjoin what is right and forbid what is wrong and believe in
Allah…”
al-Imran 3:110
• Therefore a dedicated group of people should continuously do ‘amr bi al–
ma‘ruf and nahi ‘anil Munkar.
35. 32 Methodology of da‘wah
“Invite to the way of your Lord with wisdom and good
exhortation, and reason with them in the best possible manner”.
al-Nahal 16:125
• Path of Allah
• Reason, hikmah
• Mu‘izah hasanh
• Jidal, dialogue
36. 33 Psychology of da‘wah
“Make ease and avoid hardship, give good things and do
not spread hate”.
العلم کتاب بخاری
بالیسر االمر فی باب الجھاد کتاب مسلم
37. 34 Da‘wah with sabr and istaqamah
Narrated `Ikrima: Ibn `Abbas said, "Preach to the people once a week, and if you won't,
then preach them twice, but if you want to preach more, then let it be three times (a week
only), and do not make the people fed-up with this Qur'an. If you come to some people
who are engaged in a talk, don't start interrupting their talk by preaching, lest you
should cause them to be bored. You should rather keep quiet, and if they ask you, then
preach to them at the time when they are eager to hear what you say. And avoid the use
of rhymed prose in invocation for I noticed that Allah's Apostle and his companions
always avoided it.«
Hadees Number 6337 - Chapter 80 from Invocations. of Sahih Bukhari.
38. 35 Most appropriate communication
“Go, both of you, to Pharaoh. Indeed, he has transgressed. And
speak to him with gentle speech that perhaps he may take heed
or fear [ Allah ].”
Taha 20:43-44
39. 36 Prioritization in da‘wah
“He frowned and turned away. That the blind man came to
him, [interrupting]. How could you know, [O Muhammad],
perhaps he would cleanse himself, Or he might be mindful and
the good counsel might avail him.”
Abasa 80:1-4
40. 37 Content of Da'wah
“ Your God is one , there is no god (ilah) except Him, the Beneficent , the
Merciful.
al-Baqarah 2:163
He is unique :
“Say he is Allah, the Unique, Allah the Independent (The Eternal,
Absolute;) He begets not, nor was begotten; and there is nothing
comparable to Him”.
al-Ikhlas 112:1-4
41. 38 Use of polite language
• It rejects associationism (shirk) but does not allow use of
abusive language.
“ Do not revile those other then Allah whom they invoke
because they will revile Allah in ignorance an out of spite ”.
al-An'am 6:108
42. 39 Call to reason
“There many signs on earth for those of sure faith , and also in your own
selves do you not see”.
adh-Dhariyat 51:20-21
“Do they , then , not reflect on the Qur’an ?or are there locks on their
hearts”.
Muhammad 47:24
43. 40 Da‘wah of Moderation and balance
“O children of Adam, wear your beautiful apparel you and eat and drink
yet do not overdo things (exceed limits).He loves not the
extravagant(extremist)”.
al-A'raf 7:31
“…and be not extravagant Allah loves not the prodigals”
al-An‘am 6:141
44. 41 Da‘wah through social obligations
“It is not righteousness that ye turn your faces Towards East or West; but it
is righteousness- to believe in Allah and the Last Day, and the Angels, and the
Book, and the Messengers; to spend of your substance, out of love for Him,
for your kin, for orphans, for the needy, for the wayfarer, for those who ask,
and for the ransom of slaves; to be steadfast in prayer, and practice regular
charity; to fulfil the contracts which you have made; and to be firm and
patient, in pain (or suffering) and adversity, and throughout all periods of
panic. Such are the people of truth, the Allah-fearing.” al-Baqarah 2:177
45. 42 Da‘wah with transparent exemplary character
“O you who believe! Why say you that which you do not? It is most
hateful in the sight of Allah that you say that which you do not.”
al-Saff 61:2-3
46. 43 Cooperation in good deeds
“And help you one another in righteousness and pious acts, help not
one another in sin and transgression but keep your duty to Allah. Allah
is (indeed ) severe in punishment.”
al-Ma’idah 5:2
47. 44 Seeking help from Allah only
“Do not appeal to any other deity along with Allah ,no god except Him.
Everything is to perish except His face. Authority belongs to Him and to
Him you (all) be returned.”
al-Qasas 28:88