1. FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION (4IR):
PROSPECT, PREPARATION AND CHALLENGES
Dr. B M Mainul Hossain
Associate Professor, Institute of Information Technology (IIT), University of Dhaka
Education: PhD in computer Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA.
Industry Experience: Former Software Engineer, Microsoft, Redmond, USA.
Research Areas: Machine Learning, Computer and Internet Security, Testing.
Email: bmmainul@du.ac.bd YouTube: techAminute++ (টেকামিমিে) FB Page: www.facebook.com/imbmmainul
3. Ploughing with a yoke of horned cattle in Ancient Egypt. Painting from the burial chamber of Sennedjem, c. 1200 BC.
Source: https://ashbournecollegebusinessstudies.files.wordpress.com/2011/11/sw2004_1_06a.jpg
https://d2rdhxfof4qmbb.cloudfront.net/wp-content/uploads/20201027183634/iStock-891419570-1024x683.jpg
Before Industrial Revolution
Product:
Agricultural &
Handicrafts
Service:
100% Manual or
Labour oriented
4. Industrial Revolution
Industrial Revolution was originally used to
refer to the transition from agricultural to
industrial society (roughly 1765–1830).
Revolutionary changes in society, economy,
and a set of entirely original inventions
The phrase ‘Fourth Industrial Revolution' was
first coined by Professor Klaus Schwab in his
book “The fourth industrial revolution” in 2016
5. The phrase ‘Fourth Industrial Revolution' was first
coined by Professor Klaus Schwab in his book “The
Fourth Industrial Revolution” in 2016
https://www.voanews.com/a/wef-founder-world-unprepared-to-deal-with-fourth-industrial-revolution/3143406.html
6. Timeline of Industrial Revolution
”In the future, talent, more than capital, will represent the critical factor of production.”
Source: http://visiativ-industry.ch/
8. Artificial Intelligence & Machine Learning
“Intelligence demonstrated (mimicked) by
machines, as opposed to the natural
intelligence displayed by animals including
humans”
11. Robotics
Robots are used routinely to carry out many
tasks that people don’t want to do because
such jobs are boring, dirty or dangerous.
https://www.lubrisource.com/blog/lubrisources-preventive-maintenance-services-for-robots
12. Internet of Things (IoT)
“Physical objects, that are embedded
with sensors, processing ability,
software, and other technologies, and
that connect and exchange data with
other devices over the networks.”
https://www.casadomo.com/2021/05/27/tecnologia-nfc-solucion-complementaria-ofrecer-valor-anadido-dispositivos-iot, wkipedia.com
13. Bigdata & 3D Printers
https://www.furninfo.com/furniture-industry-news/13869 https://zurich.virtual-room.com/en/
3D printing or additive manufacturing is
a process of making three dimensional
solid objects from a digital file.
Data sets that are too large or complex to be
dealt with by traditional data-processing
application software.
14.
15. Extended Reality (AR/VR)
Augmented Reality (AR): An interactive experience
of a real-world environment whereby the real world
are augmented by computer-generated perceptual
information
https://www.furninfo.com/furniture-industry-news/13869 https://zurich.virtual-room.com/en/
Virtual Reality (VR): Completely replaces the user’s
real-world environment with a simulated one.
32. Challenges
JOB LOSS
SECURITY
INEQUALITY
Xanthios, S. (2017). An Introduction to the Digital Divide. Retrieved from https://medium.com/@spirosx/an-introduction-to-the-digital-divide-33dc670f8c16.
https://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/D/bo57273552.html
33. Product Areas
Active
Firms
4IR Technologies in Use
Potential usages of 4IR
Technologies
Accounting and Financial
Software
7
IoT and Cloud Cyber Security Mobile
Apps
Distributed ledger for addressing credibility
and security, Data Analytics, Cyber security
Banking
Application
7 Cyber Security Mobile Apps
Distributed Ledger, Data Analytics,
AI and Machine Learning, Speech and Image
Processing, Computer Vision, Cyber Security
E-Commerce
and Web Portal
11
3D images and Augmented Reality
Mobile Apps Cyber security Cloud
Data analytics
Data Analytics, AR and VR, AI and Machine
Learning, Speech and Image Processing,
Computer Vision
E-Government
Solution
3 Cyber Security Big data
Blockchain, Data Analytics, AI and Machine
Learning, Speech and Image Processing,
Computer Vision, Cyber Security, IoT
Source: List of companies active in different application areas is taken from BASIS Software & IT Service Catalogue.
4IR Status of the IT Industry
34. Source: List of companies active in different application areas is taken from BASIS Software & IT Service Catalogue.
4IR Status of the IT Industry
Product Areas
Active
Firms
4IR Technologies in Use
Potential usages of 4IR
Technologies
Education Institute
Management
Application
9
IoT
Cyber security
BlockChain, Speech and Image Processing,
Computer Vision, IoT
Integrated Business
Application and ERP
22
Image processing Data analytics
IoT & RFID Cyber Security
Distributed Ledger, Data Analytics, Machine
Learning and AI, Cyber Security, IoT
IT Enabled
Services
24
Cyber security Cloud Block-chain
Image processing
IoT Mobile Apps Data analytics, AI
Data Analytics, AR and VR, AI and Machine
Learning, Speech and Image Processing,
Computer Vision
Hospital Management 4 IoT Cyber Security Image processing
Data Analytics, Distributed Ledger,
AI and Machine Learning, Speech and Image
Processing, Computer Vision
35. SL 4IR Technologies
Human resource need by the IT industry
2021
2024
(additional)
1 Sensors and Machine Intelligence Algorithms 778 819
2 Big Data and Analytics 2045 1002
3 Blockchain--Distributed Ledger Technology 732 490
4 Simulation, Visualization and Digital Twin 873 216
5 Industrial Internet of Things 849 791
6 Cyber Security 1191 633
7 Cloud and Edge Computing 903 539
8 Additive Manufacturing or 3D Printing 119 126
9 Human-Machine Cooperation 1442 181
10 Virtual and Augmented Reality 343 278
11 Autonomous Robots—factory, surface, drones and underwater 139 100
12 Image and Speech Processing 853 706
13 Neural Network and Machine Learning (Deep Learning) 649 755
Total 10916 6636
Source: Survey Data on Existing and Projected 4IR Skill need for the IT industry - PMIS
Opportunities of 4IR in Bangladesh
38. Recommendations
1
Equips all employees
with basic ICT skills
2
Better assess and
anticipate changing
skills needs in order
to adapt programs
3
Employer
(organization) must
use 4IR skills to reap
their benefits for
higher productivity
4
Training for
employees to keep
up with new skills
requirements is
crucial.
These recommendations are aligned with the the study: “Future Skills: Finding Emerging Skills to Tackle the Challenges of Automation in Bangladesh”
