47 extraluminal gas in the upper quadrants
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This document describes and shows images of different types of extraluminal gas found in the upper quadrants on medical imaging. It includes examples of pneumoperitoneum, retroperitoneal gas around the kidney after a colonoscopy, a left subphrenic abscess, renal and perirenal abscesses, a pancreatic abscess, a lesser sac abscess, pneumatosis intestinalis from amyloidosis, gas in the biliary tree after surgery, emphysematous cholecystitis, portal vein gas in a baby with necrotizing enterocolitis, Chilaiditi's syndrome, and gas in a wound infection in the rectus sheath after abdominal surgery.
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This document discusses pneumoperitoneum, which refers to free gas in the peritoneal cavity. It can be caused by a perforated abdominal viscus and is a medical emergency. The best way to detect free intraperitoneal air is with an upright chest x-ray. There are several signs visible on imaging that can indicate the presence of pneumoperitoneum, including air in the subhepatic space, Morrison's pouch, or beneath the diaphragm. The case review describes a patient presenting with abdominal pain and distention who is found to have pneumoperitoneum on chest x-ray.
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- The spleen was historically described as "the organ full of mystery" due to lack of understanding of its function. Splenectomy became more successful in the late 19th century.
- The spleen is wedge-shaped and located in the left upper abdominal quadrant. It has important roles in immune function and filtering blood. Injuries are often due to blunt trauma from motor vehicle accidents or direct blows.
- Assessment of splenic injuries involves history, examination, and investigations like ultrasound, CT scan, or diagnostic peritoneal lavage. Injuries are graded based on the Organ
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Bleeding per rectum
Rectal bleeding has many potential causes, both minor and major. Minor bleeding may be due to hemorrhoids or fissures, while more severe bleeding requires emergency treatment. In cases of massive bleeding, initial steps include admission to the hospital, insertion of IV lines, monitoring of vitals, and blood transfusions as needed to stabilize the patient. Further tests such as colonoscopy or angiography aim to locate the source of bleeding so it can be addressed through methods like cauterization or surgery. Surgical intervention may be needed if other measures do not stop severe or persistent bleeding.
Pleuraleffusions
1) The pleural space is located between the lungs and chest wall, containing a thin layer of fluid. Fluid enters and leaves the space constantly through the parietal and visceral pleura.
2) Fluid accumulates in the pleural space when the rate of fluid formation exceeds the rate of lymphatic drainage. Transudative effusions result from systemic factors altering fluid movement, while exudative effusions occur when the pleura are inflamed.
3) Many diseases can cause pleural effusions by increasing pleural capillary pressure, permeability, or decreasing serum oncotic pressure. Inflammation of the pleura is a common cause of exudative effusions.
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Clinical presentation of a patient with pleural effusion
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Prostate Biopsy--New Emerging Trends, Dr. Muhammad Bin Zulfiqar
In this presentation we will discuss about the
Anatomy of Prostate
Technique of Transrectal US
Carcinoma Prostate and
Different modes of prostatic biopsy.
Eponymous fractures name Dr. muhammad Bin Zulfiqar
This document lists and briefly describes several eponymous fractures. Some of the fractures described include:
- Colles fracture - A distal radius fracture with dorsal displacement of the distal fragment.
- Jones fracture - A fracture of the base of the fifth metatarsal distal to the tuberosity.
- Segond fracture - A proximal tibial epiphysis fracture associated with anterior cruciate ligament rupture.
- Barton's fracture - A fracture of the articular surface of the radius with dorsal or ventral displacement.
The document provides brief 1-2 sentence descriptions of over 30 different eponymous fractures. It includes diagrams to illustrate some of the fracture patterns.
18 Airspace Diseases Dr. Muhammad Bin Zulfiqar
In this presentation all images of Chapter 18 from Grainger and Allison have been discussed.
Our aim is to discuss authentic material .
This is only for educational purposes.
In this chapter air space infilteration have been discussed. Ground glass haze and consolidation are discussed in detail.
17 Thoracic Trauma and Related Topics
This presentation is a selection of images from 17th chapter of grainger and allison.
Our aim is to provide standard and proved cases of the disease process.
This all is for educational purpose
Basic approach to brain CT Dr. Muhammad Bin Zulfiqar
This document provides an overview of basic brain CT, including its principles, anatomy, common pathologies, and interpretation. It discusses how CT uses X-rays to reconstruct cross-sectional images and analyze tissue density. Key points covered include the appearance of skull fractures, hemorrhages, infarcts, tumors, infections and other intracranial abnormalities. Understanding normal anatomy is emphasized to aid in detecting abnormalities.
16 High Resolution Computed Tomography of Interstitial and Occupational Lung ...
16 High Resolution Computed Tomography of Interstitial and Occupational Lung ...Dr. Muhammad Bin Zulfiqar
This presentation is collection of images from chapter 16 of Grainger and Allison.
Inthis we will discuss the ILD.
This is only for educational purposes.15 Pulmonary Neoplasms Dr. Muhammad Bin Zulfiqar
This Presentation is a collection of chapter 5 images from Grainger and Allison.
Our aim is to study authentic data.
This is only for educational purposes
Ultrasound of spinal cord in neonates Dr. Muhammad Bin Zulfiqar
In this presentation we will discuss role of high resolution in characterizing normal variant and pathologies of spinal pathologies.
This is a pictoral review.
Intervention radiology— an introduction Dr. Muhammad Bin Zulfiqar
This presentation provides sufficient material for anyone who wants is interested in interventional radiology. Here we will discuss the available facilities, mechanisms and equipments.
In my opinion this presentation will prove a footstep in interventional radiology
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- 1. 47Extraluminal Gas in the Upper Quadrants
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- 3. • Fig GI 47-1 Pneumoperitoneum.
- 4. • Fig GI 47-2 Retroperitoneal gas surrounding the left kidney after colonoscopy.
- 5. • Fig GI 47-3 Left subphrenic abscess. Characteristic mottled radiolucent appearance of the abscess (arrow), which is located above the fundus of the stomach, is due to gas bubbles intermixed with necrotic material and pus.
- 6. • Fig GI 47-4 Renal and perirenal abscess.
- 7. • Fig GI 47-5 Pancreatic abscess.
- 8. • Fig GI 47-6 Lesser sac abscess with a prominent gas-fluid level (arrow).
- 9. • Fig GI 47-7 Pneumatosis intestinalis secondary to primary amyloidosis of the small bowel.
- 10. Fig GI 47-8 Gas in the biliary tree in a patient who had undergone a surgical procedure to relieve biliary obstruction.
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- 13. • Fig GI 47-11 Chilaiditi's syndrome.
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