This document provides an overview of seed systems and regulation in Tanzania. It discusses the roles of various stakeholders in the formal and informal seed sectors, including national research institutes, universities, seed companies, farmers' groups, and NGOs. It outlines Tanzania's seed classification system and regulatory framework, including the Seed Act of 2003 and legislation protecting plant breeders' rights. Challenges in the seed industry include underfunding of research, weak extension services, low seed quality, and lack of awareness about improved varieties. Strengthening seed systems is important for increasing agricultural productivity and food security in Tanzania.
B4FA 2012 Ghana: Seed Trade Environment in Ghana - Daniel Otungeb4fa
Presentation by Daniel Otunge, African Agricultural Technology Foundation
Delivered at the B4FA Media Dialogue Workshop, Accra, Ghana - September 2012
www.b4fa.org
B4FA 2012 Nigeria: Seed Trade Environment in Nigeria - Daniel Otungeb4fa
Presentation by Daniel Otunge, African Agricultural Technology Foundation, Nairobi
Delivered at the B4FA Media Dialogue Workshop, Ibadan, Nigeria - September 2012
www.b4fa.org
B4FA 2013 Ghana: Seed trade environment in Ghana - Daniel Otungeb4fa
Presentation at the March 2013 dialogue workshop of the Biosciences for Farming in Africa media fellowship programme in Accra, Ghana.
Please see www.sti4d.com/b4fa for more information
Brief Perspective on Global Food situation with regard to Food Safety
Introduction to the Global Food Safety Partnership.
Role and Relevance in the Dairy Sector, especially in Africa..
Upcoming Food Safety Workshop Event..
Innovative funding toinclude agri business in ARDFrancois Stepman
Presentation by PAEPARD
21 September 2015. The Hague. This workshop was co-organised by the Netherlands Ministries of Foreign and Economic Affairs, CGIAR Consortium, World Agroforestry Center (ICRAF), The Dutch Sustainable Trade Initiative (IDH), the Netherlands Development Organisation (SNV) and the Food & Business Knowledge Platform
B4FA 2012 Ghana: Seed Trade Environment in Ghana - Daniel Otungeb4fa
Presentation by Daniel Otunge, African Agricultural Technology Foundation
Delivered at the B4FA Media Dialogue Workshop, Accra, Ghana - September 2012
www.b4fa.org
B4FA 2012 Nigeria: Seed Trade Environment in Nigeria - Daniel Otungeb4fa
Presentation by Daniel Otunge, African Agricultural Technology Foundation, Nairobi
Delivered at the B4FA Media Dialogue Workshop, Ibadan, Nigeria - September 2012
www.b4fa.org
B4FA 2013 Ghana: Seed trade environment in Ghana - Daniel Otungeb4fa
Presentation at the March 2013 dialogue workshop of the Biosciences for Farming in Africa media fellowship programme in Accra, Ghana.
Please see www.sti4d.com/b4fa for more information
Brief Perspective on Global Food situation with regard to Food Safety
Introduction to the Global Food Safety Partnership.
Role and Relevance in the Dairy Sector, especially in Africa..
Upcoming Food Safety Workshop Event..
Innovative funding toinclude agri business in ARDFrancois Stepman
Presentation by PAEPARD
21 September 2015. The Hague. This workshop was co-organised by the Netherlands Ministries of Foreign and Economic Affairs, CGIAR Consortium, World Agroforestry Center (ICRAF), The Dutch Sustainable Trade Initiative (IDH), the Netherlands Development Organisation (SNV) and the Food & Business Knowledge Platform
Beans - New bean varieties for income and nutrition in AfricaHillary Hanson
Science and Technical Partnership in Africa: Technologies, Platforms and Partnerships in support of the African agricultural science agenda, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire, April 4&5, 2017
25 November 2020. DevCo Infopoint. 85 researchers spanning 25 countries worked intensely for the past three years to identify the most promising solutions to end hunger sustainably, with a focus on the role of donors. Their efforts, which combined artificial intelligence, state-of-the-art modelling, and a strong partnership with Nature Research, was released on October 13, as part of a series of events, hosted by the German Federal Ministry of Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), and a call to action from the research community.
Rice - Advanced rice varieties for Africa Hillary Hanson
Science and Technical Partnership in Africa: Technologies, Platforms and Partnerships in support of the African agricultural science agenda, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire, April 4&5, 2017
Smallholder dairy farming in Tanzania: Farming practices, animal health and p...ILRI
Poster prepared by Silvia Alonso, Phil Toye, George Msalya, Delia Grace and Fred Unger for the 6th All Africa Conference on Animal Agriculture, Nairobi, Kenya, 27-30 October 2014.
Action research and scaling partnership: Africa RISING experiences in the Eth...africa-rising
Presented by Kindu Mekonnen and Peter Thorne at the Technology for African Agricultural Transformation (TAAT), Small Livestock Compact – Small Ruminants Country Inception and Planning Workshop, 22 June 2018, ILRI, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Presentation by John Thompson and Hannington Odame at the event "The Political Economy of Agricultural Policy Processes in Africa", September 2014.
http://www.future-agricultures.org/events/the-political-economy-of-agricultural-policy-processes-in-africa
Science and Technical Partnership in Africa: Technologies, Platforms and Partnerships in support of the African agricultural science agenda, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire, April 4&5, 2017
The Brussels Development Briefing no. 49 on “Youth in agribusiness: shaping the future of agriculture” took place on 18th of May 2017 from 09:00 to 13:00, at the ACP Secretariat in Brussels, Belgium. This Briefing was co-organised by CTA, the ACP Secretariat, European Commission (DG DEVCO), Concord, PAFO and AgriCord.
Why dry areas should invest masively in innovation to ensure food securityCGIAR
For dry areas the core problem is that growing food requires much more water than all other uses combined, that is to say, in dry areas there just isn't enough water to grow food. The complex challenges facing dry areas cannot be solved with one silver bullet, but will require an
integrated approach involving sustainable natural resource management, crop and livestock genetic
improvement as well as socio-economic innovation.
Keynote speech made by Dr Frank Rijsberman at the Opening Ceremony of the Global Forum for Innovations in Agriculture, Abu Dhabi, February 3, 2014.
GFAR Webinar on Farmers’ Rights: Achieving Complementarity Between the Inform...Francois Stepman
30 May 2017. Webinar. As one of the series of GFAR webinars, GFAR Secretariat brought together several presenters to engage the agri-food research and innovation community around the topic of Farmers’ Rights, and especially how to achieve the complementarity between the informal and formal seed systems.
Tips for effective advocacy: lessons from the Open Forum on Agricultural Biot...The Scinnovent Centre
Preseantation by Daniel Otunge of OFAB-AATF during The Scinnovent Centre's training on the Art of Influencing Policy Change: tools and strategies for researchers, held on 12-14 February 2013 in Nairobi
Tips for effective advocacy: lessons from the Open Forum on Agricultural Biot...Dorine Odongo
Presentation by Daniel Otunge during a taining on The Art of Influencing Policy Change: tools and strategies for researchers, held by The Scinnovent Centre at the African Academy of Sciences Campus, Nairobi; 12th to 14th February 2013.
Beans - New bean varieties for income and nutrition in AfricaHillary Hanson
Science and Technical Partnership in Africa: Technologies, Platforms and Partnerships in support of the African agricultural science agenda, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire, April 4&5, 2017
25 November 2020. DevCo Infopoint. 85 researchers spanning 25 countries worked intensely for the past three years to identify the most promising solutions to end hunger sustainably, with a focus on the role of donors. Their efforts, which combined artificial intelligence, state-of-the-art modelling, and a strong partnership with Nature Research, was released on October 13, as part of a series of events, hosted by the German Federal Ministry of Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), and a call to action from the research community.
Rice - Advanced rice varieties for Africa Hillary Hanson
Science and Technical Partnership in Africa: Technologies, Platforms and Partnerships in support of the African agricultural science agenda, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire, April 4&5, 2017
Smallholder dairy farming in Tanzania: Farming practices, animal health and p...ILRI
Poster prepared by Silvia Alonso, Phil Toye, George Msalya, Delia Grace and Fred Unger for the 6th All Africa Conference on Animal Agriculture, Nairobi, Kenya, 27-30 October 2014.
Action research and scaling partnership: Africa RISING experiences in the Eth...africa-rising
Presented by Kindu Mekonnen and Peter Thorne at the Technology for African Agricultural Transformation (TAAT), Small Livestock Compact – Small Ruminants Country Inception and Planning Workshop, 22 June 2018, ILRI, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Presentation by John Thompson and Hannington Odame at the event "The Political Economy of Agricultural Policy Processes in Africa", September 2014.
http://www.future-agricultures.org/events/the-political-economy-of-agricultural-policy-processes-in-africa
Science and Technical Partnership in Africa: Technologies, Platforms and Partnerships in support of the African agricultural science agenda, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire, April 4&5, 2017
The Brussels Development Briefing no. 49 on “Youth in agribusiness: shaping the future of agriculture” took place on 18th of May 2017 from 09:00 to 13:00, at the ACP Secretariat in Brussels, Belgium. This Briefing was co-organised by CTA, the ACP Secretariat, European Commission (DG DEVCO), Concord, PAFO and AgriCord.
Why dry areas should invest masively in innovation to ensure food securityCGIAR
For dry areas the core problem is that growing food requires much more water than all other uses combined, that is to say, in dry areas there just isn't enough water to grow food. The complex challenges facing dry areas cannot be solved with one silver bullet, but will require an
integrated approach involving sustainable natural resource management, crop and livestock genetic
improvement as well as socio-economic innovation.
Keynote speech made by Dr Frank Rijsberman at the Opening Ceremony of the Global Forum for Innovations in Agriculture, Abu Dhabi, February 3, 2014.
GFAR Webinar on Farmers’ Rights: Achieving Complementarity Between the Inform...Francois Stepman
30 May 2017. Webinar. As one of the series of GFAR webinars, GFAR Secretariat brought together several presenters to engage the agri-food research and innovation community around the topic of Farmers’ Rights, and especially how to achieve the complementarity between the informal and formal seed systems.
Tips for effective advocacy: lessons from the Open Forum on Agricultural Biot...The Scinnovent Centre
Preseantation by Daniel Otunge of OFAB-AATF during The Scinnovent Centre's training on the Art of Influencing Policy Change: tools and strategies for researchers, held on 12-14 February 2013 in Nairobi
Tips for effective advocacy: lessons from the Open Forum on Agricultural Biot...Dorine Odongo
Presentation by Daniel Otunge during a taining on The Art of Influencing Policy Change: tools and strategies for researchers, held by The Scinnovent Centre at the African Academy of Sciences Campus, Nairobi; 12th to 14th February 2013.
Sustainable intensification in agricultureafrica-rising
Presented by Kindu Mekonnen, Peter Thorne and Million Getnet, ILRI, at the ILRI/CGIAR and EIAR Partnering together—Experience Sharing Workshop, EIAR, Addis Ababa, 7 August 2019
Gender dynamics in formal seed systems in Sub-Saharan Africa and worldwide le...CGIAR
This presentation was given by Rahma Adams (International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center / CIMMYT) on 21 November 2019, as part of the webinar ‘Gender dynamics in formal seed systems in Sub-Saharan Africa and worldwide lessons'. The webinar was co-organized by the CGIAR Collaborative Platform for Gender Research and CGIAR Research Program on Maize.
Read more about this webinar at: https://gender.cgiar.org/webinar-seed-system-ssa/
Find out about other webinars hosted by the CGIAR Collaborative Platform for Gender Research: http://gender.cgiar.org/gender_events/webinars/
Presented as part of the "Moving Africa Towards a Knowledge Based Bio-economy" seminar on how agricultural innovation and in particular biosciences in areas such as breeding, agro-processing and value addition can contribute to economic growth and sustainable development in Sub-Saharan Africa. Key questions of the seminar:
How the millions of resource-poor smallholder farmers, so vital for food production and economic growth, can benefit from the prospects of a new bio-economy?
How countries in Sub-Saharan Africa can develop programmes, institutional capabilities and bioscience innovation structures able to adapt and use technologies and know-how based on their own priorities and needs?
How can Sweden assist countries in Sub-Saharan Africa to move Towards a Knowledge Based Bio-economy?
Sorghum and millet technology innovation system for eastern AfricaILRI
Poster prepared by Jane Omari, J. Ecuru, P. Chuwa, T. Haileselassie, A. Abebe, I. Virgin, M. Karembu, F. Nguthi, L. Opati, J. Komen, M. Gasingirwa, N. Nyange, K. Urama, E. Acheampong for the ILRI APM 2013, Addis Ababa, 15-17 May 2013
Push for greater R&D and innovation in AfricaPharmaAfrica
Presentation by the African Network for Drugs & Diagnostics Innovation made at the Euro-Africa Health Investment Conference, March 26 - 27, 2013, London, United Kingdom.
Partnerships for sustainable intensification research in Africaafrica-rising
Presented by Mateete Bekunda, Asamoah Larbi, Irmgard Hoeschle-Zeledon (IITA) and Kindu Mekonnen (ILRI) at the ASA, CSSA, and SSSA Annual Meeting, Phoenix, USA, 7 November 2016
In 2015, the world witnessed two critical global agreements – the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and Paris Climate Agreement. Both agreements emphasize the need to enhance gender equality while developing response measures to address climate change, reduce food insecurity and improve nutrition. This webinar looks at how gender can be incorporated in this process.
Presentation at the November 2012 dialogue workshop of the Biosciences for Farming in Africa media fellowship programme in Arusha, Tanzania.
Please see www.sti4d.com/b4fa for more information
B4FA 2012 Tanzania: Science Journalism in Tanzania - Joseph Kithamab4fa
Presentation at the November 2012 dialogue workshop of the Biosciences for Farming in Africa media fellowship programme in Arusha, Tanzania.
Please see www.sti4d.com/b4fa for more information
B4FA 2012 Tanzania: Genes - Out of the Lab into the News - Sharon Schmickleb4fa
Presentation at the November 2012 dialogue workshop of the Biosciences for Farming in Africa media fellowship programme in Arusha, Tanzania.
Please see www.sti4d.com/b4fa for more information
Presentation at the November 2012 dialogue workshop of the Biosciences for Farming in Africa media fellowship programme in Arusha, Tanzania.
Please see www.sti4d.com/b4fa for more information
B4FA 2013 Ghana: Agricultural biotechnology and the regulatory environment - ...b4fa
Presentation at the March 2013 dialogue workshop of the Biosciences for Farming in Africa media fellowship programme in Accra, Ghana.
Please see www.sti4d.com/b4fa for more information
Presentation at the March 2013 dialogue workshop of the Biosciences for Farming in Africa media fellowship programme in Accra, Ghana.
Please see www.sti4d.com/b4fa for more information
B4FA 2013 Ghana: Cassava mosaic disease resistance - Paul Asareb4fa
Presentation at the March 2013 dialogue workshop of the Biosciences for Farming in Africa media fellowship programme in Accra, Ghana.
Please see www.sti4d.com/b4fa for more information
B4FA 2013 Ghana: Bt cotton production in Ghana - Emmanuel Chambab4fa
Presentation at the March 2013 dialogue workshop of the Biosciences for Farming in Africa media fellowship programme in Accra, Ghana.
Please see www.sti4d.com/b4fa for more information
B4FA 2013 Ghana: F1 hybrid seeds and plants - Claudia Canalesb4fa
Presentation at the March 2013 dialogue workshop of the Biosciences for Farming in Africa media fellowship programme in Accra, Ghana.
Please see www.sti4d.com/b4fa for more information
Presentation at the March 2013 dialogue workshop of the Biosciences for Farming in Africa media fellowship programme in Accra, Ghana.
Please see www.sti4d.com/b4fa for more information
B4FA 2013 Ghana: Status of maruca-resistant cowpea project in Ghana - IDK Ato...b4fa
Presentation at the March 2013 dialogue workshop of the Biosciences for Farming in Africa media fellowship programme in Accra, Ghana.
Please see www.b4fa.org for more information
B4FA 2013 Ghana: Genetic Engineering - Chris Leaverb4fa
Introduction to genetic engineering technologies and principles at B4FA 2013 Accra media fellowship workshop
For more information please see www.b4fa.org
Presentation at the November 2012 dialogue workshop of the Biosciences for Farming in Africa media fellowship programme in Arusha, Tanzania.
Please see www.b4fa.org for more information
B4FA 2012 Tanzania: Groundnut aflatoxin project ARI - Omari Mpondab4fa
Presentation at the November 2012 dialogue workshop of the Biosciences for Farming in Africa media fellowship programme in Arusha, Tanzania.
Please see www.b4fa.org for more information
B4FA 2012 Tanzania: GM crops now and for the future - Chris Leaverb4fa
Presentation at the November 2012 dialogue workshop of the Biosciences for Farming in Africa media fellowship programme in Arusha, Tanzania.
Please see www.b4fa.org for more information
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Explore our most comprehensive guide on lookback analysis at SafePaaS, covering access governance and how it can transform modern ERP audits. Browse now!
"𝑩𝑬𝑮𝑼𝑵 𝑾𝑰𝑻𝑯 𝑻𝑱 𝑰𝑺 𝑯𝑨𝑳𝑭 𝑫𝑶𝑵𝑬"
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 (𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐮𝐧𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬) is a professional event agency that includes experts in the event-organizing market in Vietnam, Korea, and ASEAN countries. We provide unlimited types of events from Music concerts, Fan meetings, and Culture festivals to Corporate events, Internal company events, Golf tournaments, MICE events, and Exhibitions.
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"𝐄𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐚 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐲, 𝐚 𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐣𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐲. 𝐖𝐞 𝐚𝐥𝐰𝐚𝐲𝐬 𝐛𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐞𝐯𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐬𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐥𝐲 𝐲𝐨𝐮 𝐰𝐢𝐥𝐥 𝐛𝐞 𝐚 𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐨𝐮𝐫 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐬."
RMD24 | Retail media: hoe zet je dit in als je geen AH of Unilever bent? Heid...BBPMedia1
Grote partijen zijn al een tijdje onderweg met retail media. Ondertussen worden in dit domein ook de kansen zichtbaar voor andere spelers in de markt. Maar met die kansen ontstaan ook vragen: Zelf retail media worden of erop adverteren? In welke fase van de funnel past het en hoe integreer je het in een mediaplan? Wat is nu precies het verschil met marketplaces en Programmatic ads? In dit half uur beslechten we de dilemma's en krijg je antwoorden op wanneer het voor jou tijd is om de volgende stap te zetten.
Taurus Zodiac Sign_ Personality Traits and Sign Dates.pptxmy Pandit
Explore the world of the Taurus zodiac sign. Learn about their stability, determination, and appreciation for beauty. Discover how Taureans' grounded nature and hardworking mindset define their unique personality.
Enterprise Excellence is Inclusive Excellence.pdfKaiNexus
Enterprise excellence and inclusive excellence are closely linked, and real-world challenges have shown that both are essential to the success of any organization. To achieve enterprise excellence, organizations must focus on improving their operations and processes while creating an inclusive environment that engages everyone. In this interactive session, the facilitator will highlight commonly established business practices and how they limit our ability to engage everyone every day. More importantly, though, participants will likely gain increased awareness of what we can do differently to maximize enterprise excellence through deliberate inclusion.
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Dr. William Harvey is a seasoned Operations Leader with extensive experience in chemical processing, manufacturing, and operations management. At Michelman, he currently oversees multiple sites, leading teams in strategic planning and coaching/practicing continuous improvement. William is set to start his eighth year of teaching at the University of Cincinnati where he teaches marketing, finance, and management. William holds various certifications in change management, quality, leadership, operational excellence, team building, and DiSC, among others.
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A personal brand exploration presentation summarizes an individual's unique qualities and goals, covering strengths, values, passions, and target audience. It helps individuals understand what makes them stand out, their desired image, and how they aim to achieve it.
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It is a sample of an interview for a business english class for pre-intermediate and intermediate english students with emphasis on the speking ability.
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Improving profitability for small businessBen Wann
In this comprehensive presentation, we will explore strategies and practical tips for enhancing profitability in small businesses. Tailored to meet the unique challenges faced by small enterprises, this session covers various aspects that directly impact the bottom line. Attendees will learn how to optimize operational efficiency, manage expenses, and increase revenue through innovative marketing and customer engagement techniques.
Cracking the Workplace Discipline Code Main.pptxWorkforce Group
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B4FA 2012 Tanzania: Seed trade environment in Tanzania - Daniel Otunge
1. B4FA’s Media Fellowship
Programme, NIGERIA (September 24-27,
2012)
Seed Trade Environment in Tanzania
By Daniel Otunge
OFAB Coordinator
d.otunge@aatf-africa.org
2. What is AATF?
• The African Agricultural Technology
Foundation (AATF) was incorporated in 2003
to facilitate transfer of proprietary
technologies to smallholder farmers in subSaharan Africa.
3. AATF Projects
Nitrogen & Water Efficient and salt tolerant Rice (NEWEST)
Virus resistant bananas;
Striga Control in maize
Aflatoxin control (Aflasafe)
Cassava
WEMA
Bt. Cowpea
OFAB
4.
5. About Open Forum on Agricultural
Biotechnology
• Platform for sharing credible, factual and balanced
information on modern biotechnology to impact
policy making process.
• Started by AATF in 2006 in Nairobi.
9. Types of seed systems
• There are two main types:
Informal: Major players are farmers
and NGOs
Formal: Major players are Companies,
NARIs, research institutes,
government,development partners,
etc.
10. The Role of farmers and NGOs
• Informal seed sector dominates the seed system in
Tanzania and most other African countries.
• Over 85% of seeds and planting materials are from the
informal seed system dominated by farmers and NGOs.
• Seed market distortion due to state, NGO and farmer
involvement.
11. Role of national research institutes
Tanzania has several research institutes under the
Directorate of Agricultural Research and Development play
crucial role in production of certified quality seeds for the
formal seed system sector. They include
Agricultural Research Institute-Selian
Agricultural Research Institute-Naliendele
Agricultural Research Institute-Mkuranga
Agricultural Research Institute-Mikocheni
Cassava Research Institute-Kibaha
Sugarcane Research Institute-Kibaha
12. Role of national institutes
The national research institutes are responsible for trials of
various biotech crops such as:
Maize (WEMA, Aflasafe)
Rice (NEWEST)
Cassava (Mosaic Virus, Brown streak)
Tobacco
Issues that needs to be highlighted for the benefit of the public include
industry readiness to take up to the technologies, capacity, status of
biosafety regulations, public education efforts to address concerns and
create awareness.
13. Tanzania Seed classes
Tanzania has adopted UN-FAO seed scheme that recognizes
four seed classes:
ASA, NARIs, Varsities,
companies
Foundation
Seed
ASA
Certified
Seed
•Companies
•Individuals
State agencies: research, certification and release
Standard
Seed
Farmers
Production/Market linkages
FARMERS
Breeder’s
Seed
14. Role of research institutes
Key challenges include:
•Inadequate funding: low funding for research
•Brain drain: Poor pay
•Poor infrastructure: Human and institutional
•Poor project planning: Deployment often left out
•Donor dependency: Incomplete projects
•Bad governance: Graft
15. Role of Universities & Colleges
In Tanzania the following institutions play key
role crops production and academic training
Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro
Ukiriguru Institute of Agriculture, Mwanza
Nyegezi Institute of Agriculture, Mwanza
Tengeru Institute of Agriculture, Arusha
Uyole Institute of Agriculture, Mbeya
Tumbi Institute of Agriculture, Tabora
Ilonga Institute of Agriculture, Morogoro
Mlingano Institute of Agriculture, Tanga
Kilosa Agricultural College,
16. Role of Seed Companies
• Tanzania has about 30? registered seed companies that play a
significant role in supply of quality seeds to farmers
• About 20? of these are members of Tanzania Seed Trade
Association (TASTA)
• Even so about 50%? of quality seeds are imported
• Seed production is an expensive undertaking
17. Why Biotech R & D
Increasing Global Demand for Cereals
Sustainable production
Declining arable land
Insect pest attacks
Viral and bacterial disease attacks
Weed control
Reduction in pesticide use
18. Why Biotech R & D…
Recurrent drought
Climate change
Nutrient Efficiency (Protein, starch, oil, fiber, vitamin A
etc.): Nutri-ceuticals
19. Role of CGIAR
• The CG centers also play important roles in seed production process.
• Most relevant ones include:
International Institute for Tropical Agriculture (IITA): rice, cassava,
World Vegetable Center (AVRDC),
International Maize and Wheat Research Center (CIMMYT): Maize,
wheat
Africa Rice Center (WARDA): NERICA
International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)
International Potato Center (CIP): Orange-fleshed Sweet Potato
20. Role of regional organizations
These organizations provide funding for agricultural research,
technology transfer and also facilitate better agricultural policy
and regulatory environments
•SADC (harmonization of seed systems etc)
•COMESA
•ASARECA
•EAC
•AATF
•AGRA
•NEPAD/CAADP (lobbying governments to increase budget
allocation for agricultural research, science, technology and
innovation)
21. Importance of seeds
Seeds are central to:
Crop production and yield
Agricultural technology delivery
Human and animal nutrition
Germplasm diversity and conservation
Genomics, genetics and breeding
Biofuels
23. Seed regulation in Tanzania
• Tanzania has policies, rules, regulations and laws,
which govern plant breeding, seed production, seed
variety testing, variety release, seed marketing,
quality control, conflict resolution, import and export.
24. Seed systems linkages
NSC: National Seeds Committee
MAFC
DRD
Ministries
(eg MAFC,
Finance, MS&T)
Credit
/Banks
Input
supplier
s
Agro-dealer
Association
TOSCI, ASA
NARIs, Varsities,
Multinational
companies
VRC, NBC
SEED COMPANIES
Farmers
NAES
MAFC: Ministry of Agriculture, Food Security and Cooperatives
DRD: Division of Research and Development
NVRC: National Variety Release Committee
NAES: National Agricultural Extension Service
NARIs: National Agricultural Research Institutes
NBC: National Biosafety Committee
PGRC: National Plant Genetic Resources Centre
TFA: Tanzania Farmers Association
TASTA: Tanzania Seed Trade Association
NGOs
Farmers
Consumers
TASTA
TFA
25. Seed regulation in Tanzania
• The Tanzania Official Seed Certification Institute
(TOSCI) is the official government agency responsible
for seed testing, certification and release.
• TOSCI is responsible for NPTs (National Performance
Trials) and DUS (Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability
of seed varieties).
• TOSCI works closely with the National Variety Release
Committee which also comprises representatives of
the Ministry of Agriculture, Food Security and
Cooperatives (MAFC).
26. Seed regulation in Uganda
The following are the key regulatory documents
journalists should review to understand and to inform
and educate the public on seed regulatory
environment in Tanzania:
Seed Act, 2003
Protection of New Plant Varieties (Plant Breeders’ Rights)
Act, 2002
Biosafety Bill (review plans underway)
National Biotechnology and Biosafety Policy
27. Regulatory environment
There is need to guard against tendency to over-regulate or underregulate if seed industry is to flourish
Overregulation:
28. Use of other inputs
Use of other inputs still low because:
•Cost
•Availability
•Poverty
•Low awareness of benefits
Interventions :
Seed companies,
Relief agencies,
Governments (ASA, subsidies-maize, fertilizer etc)
NGOs/Donors (e.g. AGRA, IFDC, DFID, USAID, JICA, SASAKAWA 2000)
UN agencies (FAO, WFP, UNICEF etc)
30. Role of seed companies
• The companies use the following strategies to reach out to
farmers:
Agro-dealer networks
Demonstration plots
Sales and marketing agents
Promotion (not adequately done)
Media (pay less attention to seed value chain)
Farmer field days
Exhibitions
Companies have failed to play above roles effectively, leading to lack of
awareness of availability and benefits of certified quality seeds.
31. Role of extension service:
•Government extension staff are responsible for agriculture
extension
•However, generally the extension service is:
Ineffective
inefficient
Underfunded
Understaffed
32. Role of information:
Sources of information on new seed varieties include:
•Seed companies
•Use of ICTs
•The mass media
•Agro-dealers,
•NGOs
•Agric Extension service
•Farmer associations
•Exhibitions e.g. (Nane nane in Dodoma, Morogoro etc.)
33.
34. Role of AFSTA:
• The African Seed Trade Association is an industry body formed
to promote trade in quality seeds and innovative agricultural
technologies
• 26 National Seed Trade Associations and 70 member seed
companies spread across Africa.
• In Tanzania AFSTA operates through TASTA.
• Main programs include: ASIESA, WASA,COMRAP and Biotech
awareness.
35. Role of AFSTA:
• The national associations partner with government
departments and seed companies to create channels through
which farmers can access seeds more easily.
• Organizes annual congress where farmers get information at
exhibition booths. The 2012 Congress was held in Zanzibar,
TZ.
Next Congress:
5-8 March 2013 in Mauritius
36. Role of AGRA:
• The AGRA’s Program for African’s Seed
Systems (PASS) is perhaps the most
ambitious and well coordinator effort to
improve supply of seeds to farmers in
Africa.
• PASS aims to increase Africa’s capacity to
breed, produce and deploy quality seeds to
farmers e.g. NARIs, Farmers and Seed
Companies.
Dr Joe Dvries, PASS Director
37. THE STATUS OF PLANT INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY RIGHTS (IPRS)
38. What is IPR
• IPRs are legal instruments used to protect creations of the
mind which have commercial value, such as inventions, e.g. the
Bt Cotton, gene gun.
• They grant exclusive rights to the breeder against
unauthorized access and use
• New plant varieties are protected under:
TRIPS (Trade-Related Aspects of IPRs) Agreement
UPOV (International Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of
Plants
ARIPO (African Regional Intellectual Property Organization) .
39. IPRs situation
• Tanzania is among few countries in Africa with legislation to
protect plant breeders’ rights. It is called the Protection of New
Plant Varieties (Plant Breeders’ Rights) Act, 2002.
• This Act introduced a new and independent protection system for
plant varieties not registered under the Patents Act. This has
opened up TZ for seed production and trade investments
• The legislation also establishes the Plant Breeders’ Rights
Registry (under MAFC) separate from the normal Patents
Registry.
40. Challenges facing adoption of improved seeds
The following are some of the major challenges facing the seed
systems in Uganda:
Counterfeiting
Low quality seeds
Lack of awareness of benefits
Weak seed systems
Moribund extension service
Weak enforcement of regulations
Poverty
Weak seed companies