Poster Design History
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This document discusses different types of graphic design, with a focus on promotional design and posters. It provides information on the history and evolution of posters, from broadsides printed via letterpress and woodblock printing, to lithography in the 19th century, and modern offset and screen printing. The key aspects of poster design discussed are using imagery and text to communicate a clear message from a distance in a memorable yet appropriate design. Examples of different styles and techniques through history are also presented.
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Poster Design History
- 1. graphic design 2 POSTER DESIGN Milton Glaser Dylan
- 2. GENERAL DESIGN Basic types of graphic design – Information design • Informs and identifies (logos!) – Editorial design • Magazines, books, newspapers – Promotional Design • Advertising, promotional materials » Applications often overlap
- 3. PROMOTIONAL DESIGN Promotional Design – Meant to promote sales or persuade. • Includes advertisements • Banners • Websites • Packaging • Brochures • Postcards • Posters
- 4. POSTERS Posters – A two-dimensional, single-page format used to display information, data, schedules, offerings, and to promote people, causes, places, products, companies, services or organizations. • Graphic Design Solutions, Chapter 7, pg 172 – Posters are produced in multiples and are meant to be hung in public places and to be seen from afar. • Outdoor advertising (billboards, signs)
- 5. POSTERS Concepts to consider when creating a poster: – Communicate a clear and easily understood message – Must be read from a distance – Include important information – Establish strong information and visual hierarchy – Create a memorable, unique design – Create an appropriate design, true to the spirit of the subject/message
- 6. POSTERS Make up of a poster: – Image based • Pictorial, abstract, symbolic, illustrative, graphic, photographic, collage, combination – Type based – Combination of text and imagery • Most posters are combinations of text and image
- 7. POSTERS IMAGE BASED POSTER – Symbolic – Graphic – Collage Luba Lukova Peace
- 8. POSTERS TEXT BASED – Unique typography Robert Indiana Love
- 9. POSTERS COMBINATION – Unique typography Henri-Toulouse Lautrec Moulin Rouge His first poster, sold for $250,000- the most expensive poster to date
- 10. POSTERS History of the poster – The poster, like most of the graphic arts, has evolved with technology. • Posters before the 19th century were traditionally known as BROADSIDES- large sheets of paper with lots of text announcing sales, events, etc. – Reproduced through letterpress, engraving, or woodblock printing
- 11. POSTERS Broadsides – Letterpress Negros for Sale 1859 Letterpress
- 12. POSTERS Broadsides – Letterpress Clarke, F. N. Will you fill your quota! 1863 Letterpress
- 14. POSTERS Woodblock Hokusai Katsushika Under the Wave off Kanagawa c.1829-1833 Color woodblock print
- 16. POSTERS Intaglio Bureau of Engraving and Printing One Dollar Bill 1923 Intaglio
- 17. POSTERS History of the poster – The development of lithography allowed the poster to bloom in the 19th century. • Lithography invented in 1798, adapted for mass reproduction of posters in Paris in the 1870’s • It was originally a drawing done on stone – Alois Senefelder, a Czech, invented it – It was popularized by Jules Cheret’s 3 Stone process using Red, Yellow, Blue stones
- 22. POSTERS History of the poster – Lithography began to phase out after the 1920’s, when photo offset started taking hold. • Used frequently in World War II posters • Used halftone patterns to reproduce images – Origins of present day offset printing
- 24. POSTERS Photo-offset John Heartfield The Meaning of Geneva 1932
- 25. POSTERS Photo-offset Office of War Information Loose Lips Sink Ships 1942-1945
- 28. POSTERS History of the poster – Silkscreen printing, known also as serigraphy, uses stencils to reproduce images. • Serigraphy is one of the oldest art forms • In the 1900’s silkscreen printing as we know it is developed in England. It would utilize a silk fabric as screen to develop a stencil. – Many t-shirts are done this way!
- 31. SYMBOLS Posters: – http://www.internationalposter.com/ – On printing: – http://www.commarts.com/CA/coldesign/davL_ 175.html
- 32. SYMBOLS Graphic Design Solutions- – Chapter 8