2. 03
Describe Alloy
01
Examples of Alloy
02 And its importance
Compare Alloy with
pure metals
Justification
04 Pure metal and Alloy
Uses of alloy
05 Based on their composition
and properties
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
9. FACTS
: THE STRENGTH AND HARDNESS OF
ALLOYS ARE BASED ON THE
ARRANGEMENT OF PARTICLES
( AT TOC 04 WILL LEARN MORE
ABOUT IT)
:
10. THE ALLOYING PROCESS HELPS TO
PREVENT THE CORROSION OF
METAL AND ALTER THE PROPERTIES
OF A PURE METAL TO MAKE IT
HARDER AND STRONGER.
WHY WE USUALLY USE ALLOYS
RATHER THAN PURE METALS IN
OUR DAILY LIVES :?
:L
13. A PURE METAL IS MADE UP OF :
● ONE TYPE OF ATOM
● SAME SIZE
● ARRANGED IN AN ORDERLY
ARRANGEMENT
WHEN FORCE IS APPLIED
● LAYERS OF ATOMS IN A
METAL EASILY SLIDE OVER
EACH OTHER
● CAUSES PURE METALS TO
BE DUCTILE AND EASILY
PULLED INTO FINE WIRE
()()()()()()()()()()
()()()()()()()()()()
()()()()()()()()()()
()()()()()()()()()()
PURE
METAL
:L
DUSTILE:
METAL THAT
IS ABLE TO
DRAWN OUT
INTO THIN
WIRES
14. PURE METAL ARE ALSO:
● MALLEABLE
● SHAPE CAN BE EASILY
CHANGED
THERE ARE EMPTY SPACES
BETWEEN
THE ATOMS IN A PURE METAL
WHEN FORCE IS APPLIED :
● LAYERS OF ATOMS IN A
METAL WILL SLIDE TO FILL
THE EMPTY SPACE
● FORM A NEW STRUCTURE
:L
MALLEABLE: a
metal or other
material able to be
hammered or
pressed into shape
without breaking or
cracking
15. ALLOY ALLOY IS FORMED WHEN :
● FOREIGN ATOM ARE MIXED WITH PURE
METAL
● FOREIGN ATOMS HAVE DIFFERENT IN
SIZE COMPARED TO ATOMS IN PURE
METAL
HENCE, THE ORDERLY ARRANGEMENT OF
ATOMS IN A PURE METAL IS DISRUPTED
● DIFFICULT FOR THE LAYERS OF
ATOMS IN AN ALLOY SLIDE OVER EACH
OTHER WHEN FORCE IS APPLIED
:L
16. IN CONCLUSION :
PURE METAL IS ARRANGED IN AN ORDERLY
ARRANGEMENT WHICH MAKE THEM EASILY SLIDE OVER
EACH OTHER THEREFORE TO BE DUCTILE AND EASILY
PULLED INTO FINE WIRE.THEY ARE ALSO MALLEABLE
AND ITS SHAPE CAN BE EASILY CHANGED BECAUSE THEY
HAVE EMPTY SPACES. WHEN FORCE APPLIED,LAYERS OF
ATOMS IN A METAL WILL SLIDE TO FILL UP THE EMPTY
SPACES AND FORM A NEW STRUCTURE.
ALLOY IS FORMED WHEN FOREIGN ATOMS WITH
DIFFERENT IN SIZE COMPARED TO ATOMS OF PURE
METAL ARE MIXED WITH PURE METAL. HENCE, THE
ORDERLY ARRANGEMENT OF ATOMS IN A PURE METAL IS
DISRUPTED.WHEN FORCE APPLIED, LAYERS OF ATOMS IN
AN ALLOY MAKES IT DIFFICULT TO SLIDE OVER EACH
OTHER.
:L
18. COMPOSITION
● 93% Aluminium
● 3% Copper
● 3% Magnesium
● 1% Manganese
PROPERTIES
● Stronger than pure
aluminium
● Low density
● Does not rust
USES
● Body of
aeroplanes
● Electric cables
● Racing bicycles
DURALUMI
N
USES OF ALLOYS BASED ON THEIR
COMPOSITION AND PROPERTIES
19. COMPOSITION
● 90% Copper
● 10% Tin
PROPERTIES
● Stronger than pure copper
● Does not rust
● Shiny
USES
● Medals
● Monuments
● Trophies
BRONZE
20. COMPOSITION
● 70% Copper
● 30% Zinc
PROPERTIES
● Stronger than pure copper
● Does not rust
● Shiny
USES
● Musical
instruments
● Doorknobs
● Keys
BRASS
22. COMPOSITION
● 98% Iron
● 0.2 - 2%
Carbon
PROPERTIES
● Also known as carbon steel
● Stronger and harder
● Malleable
USES
● Structure of
buildings
● Railway tracks
● Body of cars
STEEL
23. COMPOSITION
● 73% Iron
● 18% Chromium
● 8% Nickel
● 1% Carbon
PROPERTIES
● Stronger than pure iron
● Resistant to corrosion
USES
● Cutlery
● Sinks
● Surgical
instruments
STAINLESS
STEEL
