Arduino for beginners

1. Serial Communication
Protocols And
Embedded IoT
G Hariharan
Roll 35,S3 ECE

2. Serial Communication

3. UART
• UART is a computer hardware device for
asynchronous serial communication in which the
data format and transmission speeds are
configurable. The electric signaling levels and
methods (such as differential signaling, etc.) are
handled by a driver circuit external to the UART.
• RS232,RS484 etc are the major standards

4. I2C
• I2C is a multi-master, multi-slave, single-ended,
serial computer bus invented by Philips
Semiconductor (now NXP Semiconductors). It is
typically used for attaching lower-speed peripheral
ICs to processors and microcontrollers in short-
distance, intra-board communication.
• It uses two lines namely SDA(Serial data line) and
SCL(Serial clock line)

5. SPI
• The Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) bus is a
synchronous serial communication interface
specification used for short distance
communication, primarily in embedded systems.
The interface was developed by Motorola in the
late eighties and has become a de facto standard.
Typical applications include Secure Digital cards and
liquid crystal displays.
• Uses 3 lines namely MOSI,MISO and SCK
• It is faster as compared to I2C

6. BOOTLOADER
• Bootloader is the first code that runs when a
microcontroller is powered ON.
• In most microcontrollers it is stored in the OFFSET
0x0000.
• It is basically a .hex file
• UART protocol requires a bootloader while the SPI
dosent need one.
• Bootloaders are usually burned using SPI

7. SLIP PROTOCOL
• The Serial Line Internet Protocol (also SLIP) is an
encapsulation of the Internet Protocol designed to
work over serial ports and modem connections. It
is documented in RFC 1055. On personal computers,
SLIP has been largely replaced by the Point-to-Point
Protocol (PPP), which is better engineered, has
more features and does not require its IP address
configuration to be set before it is established. SLIP
is being used to connect microcontrollers to the
internet.