2. An acid is a solution that has an excess of H+ ions. It comes
from the Latin word acidus that means "sharp" or "sour".
The more H + ions, the more acidic the solution.
Tastes Sour
Conduct Electricity
Corrosive, which means they break down certain substances.
Many acids can corrode fabric, skin and paper
Some acids react strongly with metals
Turns blue litmus paper red
Strong acid: Acid that complete ionizes.
Weak acid: Acid that partially ionizes.
Examples:
Acetic Acid = Vinegar
Citric Acid = lemons, limes, & oranges. It is in many sour
candies such as lemonhead & sour patch.
Ascorbic acid = Vitamin C which your body needs to
function.
Sulfuric acid is used in the production of fertilizers, steel,
paints, and plastics.
3. BASE ALKALI
Oxides & hydroxides of
many metals are not
soluble in water, called
bases
Insoluble metal oxides
& hydroxides, metal
carbonates, metal
hydrogen carbonates
are bases
Examples: Copper oxide,
Zinc oxide, calcium
carbonate
Bases that are soluble
in water are alkali
Example: aq Sodium
hydroxide, aqPotassium
hydroxide, aq Calcium
hydroxide
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4.
5. pH of a solution is determined using universal
indicator which is a mixture of dyes.
Universal indicator can be used a solution or as
universal indicator paper.
Each colour indicates a specific pH range
