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1. THE PHILIPPINE
GOVERNMENT AND ITS NATURE
GROUP 10
SILONGAN, D.M.

2. 3 BRANCHES OF THE PHILIPPINE
GOVERNMENT
The Philippines is a republic with a presidential form of government wherein power is
equally divided among its three branches: executive, legislative, and judicial.
https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/...
LEGISLATIVE EXECUTIVE JUDICIARY

3. LEGISLATIVE
THE
3 BRANCHES OF THE PHILIPPINE
GOVERNMENT
The Legislative branch is authorized to make laws, alter, and repeal
them through the power vested in the Philippine Congress. This
institution is divided into the Senate and the House of
Representatives.

4. According to the 1987 Constitution, legislative power shall be
vested in the Congress of the Philippines, which shall consist
of a Senate and a House of Representatives.
CONGRESS
The Senate shall be composed of
twenty-four Senators who shall
be elected at large by the
qualified voters of the Philippines,
as may be provided by law;
24 SENATORS
The House of Representatives shall be composed
of not more than 250 (unless otherwise fixed by
law), 20 percent of whom must be Party-list
representatives.
< 250 House of Representative
20% Party-list
https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/...

5. Congress is responsible for making enabling laws to make sure the spirit of the constitution is upheld in
the country and, at times, amend or change the constitution itself.
In order to craft laws, the legislative body comes out with two main documents: bills and resolutions.
MAKING ENABLING LAWS
Legislative process
https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/...
Bills are laws in the making. They pass
into law when they are approved by both
houses and the President of the
Philippines.
BILLS
Resolutions convey principles
and sentiments of the Senate
or the House of
Representatives. These
resolutions can further be
divided into three different
elements:
Resolutions
Joint
Concurrent
Simple
A bill may be vetoed by the President, but the House of
Representatives may overturn a presidential veto by
garnering a 2/3rds vote.
If the President does not act on a proposed law
submitted by Congress, it will lapse into law after 30
days of receipt.
3 elements

6. https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/...
Used for matters affecting the
operations of both chambers of
Congress and must be approved
in the same form by both houses,
but are not transmitted to the
President for his signature and
therefore have no force and
effect of a law
Require the approval of
both chambers of
Congress and the
signature of the
President, and have the
force and effect of a law
if approved.
Deal with matters
entirely within the
prerogative of one
chamber of Congress,
are not referred to the
President for his
signature, and therefore
have no force and
effect of a law
JOINT CONCURRENT SIMPLE
3 Elements of a Resolution

7. EXECUTIVE
THE
3 BRANCHES OF THE PHILIPPINE
GOVERNMENT
The Executive branch is composed of the President and the Vice
President who are elected by direct popular vote and serve a term
of six years. The Constitution grants the President authority to
appoint his Cabinet. These departments form a large portion of
the country’s bureaucracy.

8. Article VII, Section 1, of the 1987 Constitution vests executive power on the President of the Philippines.
The President is the Head of State and Head of Government, and functions as the commander-in-
chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines. As chief executive, the President exercises control over all
the executive departments, bureaus, and offices.
Head of State and Head
of Government
Commander-in-chief
of AFP
Control over all the executive
departments, bureaus, and
offices
PRESIDENT

9. Besides the constitution, the powers of the President of the Philippines are specifically outlined in
Executive Order No. 292, s. 1987, otherwise known as the Administrative Code of 1987. The following
powers are:
POWERS OF THE PRESIDENT
Executive Order
No. 292, s. 1987
1. Power of control over the executive branch
Control over all the executive departments, bureaus, and offices.
2. Power ordinance power
Power to give executive issuances, which are means to streamline the policy and programs of an administration.
There are six issuances that the President may issue. They are the following as defined in the Administrative Code of
1987:
Executive
orders
Administrative
orders
Proclamations Memorandum
orders
Memorandum
circulars
General or
special orders

10. POWERS OF THE
PRESIDENT
3. Power over aliens
The President of the Philippines has certain powers over non-Filipinos in the Philippines. The
powers he may exercise over foreigners in the country are as follows:
The chief executive may have an alien in the Philippines deported from the country after due
process.
The President may change the status of a foreigner, as prescribed by law, from a non-
immigrant status to a permanent resident status without necessity of visa.
The President may choose to overrule the Board of Commissioners of the Bureau of
Immigration before their decision becomes final and executory (after 30 days of the issuance
of the decision). The Board of Commissioners of the Bureau of Immigration has jurisdiction
over all deportation cases.
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11. POWERS OF THE
PRESIDENT
4. Powers of eminent domain, escheat, land reservation and recovery of ill-
gotten wealth
The President of the Philippines has the authority to exercise the power of eminent domain.
The power of eminent domains means the state has the power to seize or authorize the
seizure of private property for public use with just compensation.
There are two constitutional provisions, however, that limit the exercise of such power:
(1) Article III, Section 9 of the Constitution provides that no person shall be deprived of his/her
life, liberty, or property without due process of law.
(2)Article III, Section 9 provides that private property shall not be taken for public use without
just compensation.

12. POWERS OF THE PRESIDENT
5. Power of appointment
The President may appoint officials of the Philippine government as provided by the constitution
and laws of the Philippines. Some of these appointments, however, may need the approval of the
Committee on Appointments (a committee composed of members from the House of
Representatives and the Senate of the Philippines).
Aside from the aforementioned powers of the President of the Philippines, he can also exercise
powers enumerated in the constitution, and powers given to him by law.
6. Power of general supervision over local governments
The President of the Philippines, as chief executive, has the mandate to supervise local
governments in the Philippines, despite their autonomous status as provided by Republic Act No.
7160 otherwise known as the Local Government Code of 1991.
7. Other powers

13. VICE PRESIDENT
According to the constitution, the vice president may
concurrently assume a cabinet position should the
President of the Philippines offer the former one. The
vice president will become a secretary concurrent to
the position of vice president.
Aside from the cabinet post, the vice president is
mandated to assume the presidency in case of the
death, disability, or resignation of the incumbent
President.
DUTIES OF THE VICE
PRESIDENT

14. Cabinet secretaries act as the alter ego of the President executing,
with his authority, the power of the Office of the President in their
respective departments.
The number of cabinet secretaries varies from time to time
depending on the need of an administration.
According to the Administrative Code of 1987, the President of the
Philippines may create or dissolve any department as he sees fit.
CABINET SECRETARIES
FUNCTIONS OF A CABINET SECRETARY

15. The executive branch extends beyond the national government.
According to Article X, Section 4 of the constitution, the President of the
Philippines is mandated to supervise local governments all over the
country.
However, because of Republic Act No. 7160, otherwise known as the
Local Government Code of 1991, local governments enjoy relative
autonomy from the national government.
LOCAL GOVERNMENT

16. JUDICIARY
THE
3 BRANCHES OF THE PHILIPPINE
GOVERNMENT
Judicial power rests with the Supreme Court and the lower
courts, as established by law (Art. VIII, sec. 1 of the 1987
Constitution).
Its duty is to settle actual controversies involving rights which
are legally demandable and enforceable (Art. VIII Sec. 1 (2)).
It is made up of a
Supreme Court and Lower Courts.

17. JUDICIARY
THE
3 BRANCHES OF THE PHILIPPINE
GOVERNMENT
The Constitution expressly grants the
Supreme Court the power of
Judicial Review as the power to declare a
treaty, international or executive
agreement, law, presidential decree,
proclamation, order, instruction, ordinance
or regulation unconstitutional.

18. APPOINTMENTS TO THE JUDICIARY
By virtue of Article VIII, Section 8, appointments
to the judiciary are made by the President of
the Philippines based on a list submitted by
the Judicial and Bar Council which is under
the supervision of the Supreme Court.
WHAT TO KNOW ABOUT THE
JUDICIARY

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