28 civil war wilderness thru sherman (11)
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Grant takes on Lee personally in the American Civil War with a battle plan to constantly attack. Their first encounter is in the Wilderness, a forested area where the woods catch fire, burning wounded soldiers alive. It is a bloody draw with high casualties on both sides. Next they meet at Spotsylvania, where there is more close-quarters fighting in trenches and rifle pits, resulting in heavy losses over 5 days despite rainy weather. At Cold Harbor, Union soldiers know the attack will be suicidal but they charge anyway, losing over 7,000 men in just one hour. Grant continues pursuing Lee but lays siege to Petersburg instead of further direct assaults. Sherman's March also aims to break Confederate will through total warfare
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Reconstruction aimed to rebuild the South after the Civil War and integrate former Confederate states back into the Union. Lincoln's plan called for a lenient readmission of states, while Radical Republicans sought stricter punishment of the South. Congress established military control over the South and new state governments that extended rights to freed slaves. However, the disputed 1876 election and Compromise of 1877 ended Reconstruction, removing federal oversight and allowing a return to white supremacist rule in the South.
26 civil war gettysburg (11)
The Battle of Gettysburg was a major turning point in the American Civil War. Over three days of intense fighting in July 1863 near the town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, the Union forces were able to stop General Robert E. Lee's Confederate invasion of the North. On the first day, Union cavalry slowed the Confederate advance and secured high ground. The second day saw heavy fighting as the Confederates attacked the Union flanks. On the third and final day, Pickett's Charge, a massive Confederate infantry assault on the Union center, was repulsed with heavy losses, forcing Lee to retreat. The Union victory ended Lee's campaign and put the Confederacy on the defensive for the rest of the war.
25 civil war fred thru vicks (11)
The document summarizes several major battles of the American Civil War. It describes Burnside's failed attack on Fredericksburg, where his forces were decimated trying to take Marye's Heights. It then discusses Hooker replacing Burnside and his defeat at Chancellorsville against Lee. Finally, it outlines Grant's siege of Vicksburg, where Pemberton surrendered the city on July 4th, giving the Union control of the Mississippi River.
22 civil war penn. thru enanc. (11)
Gen. George McClellan led the Union's Peninsular Campaign in an attempt to take Richmond, but it was a failure due to a lack of intelligence. Gen. Robert E. Lee took over the Confederate army and forced McClellan's army back down the Peninsula, resulting in a Confederate victory. After more Union failures, Lincoln replaced McClellan and issued the Emancipation Proclamation after the bloody but inconclusive Battle of Antietam.
22 civil war penn. thru enanc. (11)
Gen. George McClellan led the Union's Peninsular Campaign in an attempt to take Richmond, but it was a failure due to a lack of intelligence. Gen. Robert E. Lee took over the Confederate army and forced McClellan's army back down the Peninsula, resulting in a Confederate victory. After more Union failures, Lincoln replaced McClellan and issued the Emancipation Proclamation after the bloody but inconclusive Battle of Antietam.
21 civil war donelson thru monitor (11)
The Union had several war goals including cutting off the South by taking control of the Mississippi River, blockading Southern ports to prevent foreign aid, and making Richmond the capital of the Confederacy. General Ulysses S. Grant took the Confederate forts of Henry and Donelson along the Tennessee River in early 1862. This led to the Battle of Shiloh in April 1862, where Union and Confederate forces suffered heavy casualties in the first major battle of the war. The battle was initially a surprise Confederate attack but the Union forces were able to hold their line and gain reinforcements.
20 civil war davis thru first bull run (11)
The document summarizes key events at the start of the American Civil War, including the causes of the war being slavery and a power struggle between the North and South. It describes the first major battle at Fort Sumter in Charleston harbor in April 1861, where Confederate forces bombarded and forced the surrender of the Union garrison. This caused Lincoln to call for troops and more states to secede from the Union. The first major land battle was at Bull Run near Manassas, Virginia in July 1861, where Confederate forces led by General Beauregard defeated the Union army led by McDowell, demonstrating that the war would not be quickly won.
19 pre civil war (11)
- The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 repealed the Missouri Compromise and allowed settlers in those territories to decide whether to allow slavery, igniting tensions between North and South.
- Abraham Lincoln was elected President in 1860 as the first Republican candidate, with no support from Southern states. In response, several Southern states seceded and formed the Confederate States of America.
- The CSA was established with Jefferson Davis as President and a constitution that protected slavery. However, rising sectional tensions over the expansion of slavery led to the outbreak of the Civil War between the Union and the Confederacy in 1861.
18 compromise of 1850 (11)
The Compromise of 1850 addressed the issue of whether new western territories gained from Mexico would be slave or free states. With California seeking statehood, the balance of power between free and slave states was at risk of being disrupted. The Compromise proposed that California would join the Union as a free state, popular sovereignty would determine the status of other territories, the slave trade was banned in Washington D.C., and a new fugitive slave law was passed requiring Northerners to assist in returning runaway slaves. However, the compromise only temporarily resolved conflicts over slavery and the balance of power between North and South.
17 king cotton slavery (11)
The cotton gin led to a massive expansion of slavery in the American South. Eli Whitney's invention in 1793 automated the labor-intensive process of separating cotton fibers from seeds, vastly increasing production. Cotton production grew from 13,000 bales in 1792 to over 1 million bales by 1840. The demand for slave labor to cultivate and pick cotton grew tremendously, reversing the expectation that slavery would die out, and the South became increasingly dependent on the institution of slavery to maintain its economy. By 1860 over 4 million slaves, making up over 1/3 of the population in the Southern states, were kept as human property to support the cotton industry.
16 war with mexico (11)
The document summarizes the United States' war with Mexico from 1845 to 1848, which resulted in the United States acquiring large swaths of territory in the modern-day American Southwest. Key events included the annexation of Texas in 1845, a border dispute along the Rio Grande that helped trigger open conflict in 1846, and General Winfield Scott's capture of Mexico City in 1847 that led to the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, in which Mexico ceded California, New Mexico, and other territories for $15 million. The new territorial acquisitions intensified debates over the expansion of slavery that contributed to the coming of the Civil War.
15 manifest destiny texan revolution (11)
The document discusses the history of Texas and its path to statehood. It summarizes that American settlers moved to Texas in the 1830s under the idea of Manifest Destiny to spread democracy and freedom. They refused to follow new Mexican laws banning slavery and requiring conversion to Catholicism. This led to fighting and the Battle of the Alamo in 1836, where all Texan rebels were killed. Texas later gained independence from Mexico and applied for statehood in the US, but was initially denied.
14 jackson van buren (11)
- The Jacksonian era saw an expansion of democracy, with more common men able to vote without property requirements, and representatives coming from the common people rather than just the gentleman class.
- President Jackson opposed special privileges for banks and strongly supported a strong presidency and union. He vetoed bills, refused Supreme Court decisions, and pushed Indian removal.
- Jackson distrusted the Bank of the United States and its control over the economy. He vetoed its recharter and withdrew federal funds, contributing to an economic panic.
- The Nullification Crisis saw South Carolina threaten to nullify tariffs, but Jackson backed national authority and union over states' rights, resolving the crisis through compromise tariff cuts.
Missouri monroe (11)
The document discusses several key events and issues during the Era of Good Feelings and presidency of James Monroe, including the Missouri Compromise which admitted Missouri to the union as a slave state and banned slavery in other territories north of 36° 30' parallel. It also covers Simon Bolivar's independence movements in South America and the Monroe Doctrine announced in 1823 opposing European colonization in the Americas. The document concludes with Andrew Jackson defeating John Quincy Adams in the controversial 1828 presidential election.
More from djreeser (20)
28 civil war wilderness thru sherman (11)
- 36. “ I am killed”
- 39. Total Warfare
- 41. Gen. Sherman
- 45. Atlanta
- 46. Gen. Sherman