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Presented By
Dr. Niraj Chaudahri
Assistant Professor,
Sanjivani College of Engineering ,
Dept.of MBA,
Kopargaon
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Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon
Department of MBA
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307 – Six Sigma For Operation
Define Phase
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Goals of Define Phase
• Understand the project, including its purpose
and scope.
• Determine whether the process is a good
candidate for DMAIC.
• Map the current process.
• Detail customer expectations.
• Estimate timelines and costs using project
management tools
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Define Phase Deliverables
• Identify problem statement
• Determine the project scope
• Conduct financial impact
• Establish project goals and form team
• Determine project deliverables and milestones
• Project charter acceptance from management
• Define phase tollgate review
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DMAIC Define Phase Overview
• The Define phase is approximately 2 to 3
weeks process based on the project inputs
and begins with the selection of project
champion.
• The define phase is all about establishing the
project therefore many individual activities to
complete. There are multiple tools and
concepts available in Define phase of six sigma
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Project Selection
• Select a project with needs and criteria that are
appropriate for using DMAIC. The problem could be
anything that impact the Key performance Indicator
(KPI) like process output, customer satisfaction,
production cost, defects, rework, cycle time etc.
• Project Cost/Benefit Analysis (CBA): Cost/Benefits
analysis involves looking at the projected costs and
returns of a project. It gives us data that we need to
decide whether a project is worth doing.
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Project Selection
• Cost of Poor Quality: Cost of Poor Quality (CoPQ) is
defined as the cost associated with providing poor
Quality products or services. It is basically
combination of preventive costs, appraisal costs,
Internal failure costs, and external failure costs.
• Project Charter: A process charter is a high level
document that provide purpose and motivation for
the initiative, serves as a working document for the
team and as a reference for the rest of the company.
Project charter is the most important document in
Define phase of six sigma and that will be updated
throughout the DMAIC process.
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A Project Charter should contain following elements
• Business case
• Problem statement
• Project scope
• Goal statement
• Milestone/Deliverables
• Resources
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Process Characteristics
• Swim Lane Flow Chart: These process maps provide
the interactions between different departments and
the roles performed by different people in the
organization. Also termed as ‘swim- lane’ charts,
these process maps have vertical lines showing the
movement of process from person to person.
• Input-Output (IPO) Model : Measurement of process
inputs and outputs can be used to optimize the
process being measured. Inputs may be raw
material, resources etc and out puts are the end
products.
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Process Characteristics
Flow chart: A process flowchart is a simple process map
that provides the visual representation of the
sequence of activities along with their points of
decisions. These flowcharts provide the basic details
of the process, which can later be augmented by
adding the roles of different staffs.
SIPOC: A SIPOC is a high-level process mapping tool to
help visualize a process and its influences. In other
words, it is a useful tool that depicts how a process
serves the customer and summarizes inputs and
outputs of a process in a visual format
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Team Process Mapping
• Forming: Team members get to know each other and
look for roles within the team.
• Storming: The team get used to each other, and start
to disagree and have conflicts.
• Norming: Team members accept their roles and
begin to feel like a cohesive team.
• Performing: The team can both reach consensus and
act on that consensus as a group.
• Transforming: The team is breaking up because the
project is nearly or completely ended.
