This document summarizes the experiences of Kelvin Doe, a Maker from Sierra Leone, and discusses the Maker Movement.
Kelvin created DJ equipment and believes innovation can help build up his country. The document also profiles makers from Togo and Benin who have created 3D printers, e-waste recycling projects, and air sensor networks. The Maker Movement encourages skills sharing, problem solving, a sense of achievement, and exploring/experimenting with new technologies. Digital fabrication tools have become more accessible, fueling the growth of makerspaces and fablabs globally.
A terrific thought-leadership piece on: The power of Silicon Valley's billion-dollar unicorns, and the shift to venture capitalists providing the main fuel for American innovation.
Go here for more: http://www.osvresearch.com/
Where are the Next Googles and Amazons? They should be here by nowJeffrey Funk
Great startups aren’t being founded like they were in the 1970s (Microsoft, Apple, Oracle, Genentech, Home Depot, EMC), 1980s (Cisco, Dell, Adobe, Qualcomm, Amgen, Gilead Sciences), and 1990s (Amazon, Google, Netflix, Salesforce.com, PayPal). All of these startups reached the top 100 for market capitalization, but Facebook is the only startup founded since 2000 which has entered the top 100. Tesla and Uber are often discussed as highly successful but they have many times higher cumulative losses than did Amazon at its time of peak losses and neither has had a profitable year despite being older than Amazon was when it achieved profits. Furthermore, few of the recent Unicorn IPOs have experienced shareprice increases greater than those of the Nasdaq (14 of 45), only 3 of these 14 have profits, and only six of them have a
market capitalization over $30 (Zoom), $20 (Square), and $10 billion (Twilio, DocuSign, Okta). America’s venture capital system isn’t working as well as it once did, and the coronavirus will make things worse before the VC system gets better.
A terrific thought-leadership piece on: The power of Silicon Valley's billion-dollar unicorns, and the shift to venture capitalists providing the main fuel for American innovation.
Go here for more: http://www.osvresearch.com/
Where are the Next Googles and Amazons? They should be here by nowJeffrey Funk
Great startups aren’t being founded like they were in the 1970s (Microsoft, Apple, Oracle, Genentech, Home Depot, EMC), 1980s (Cisco, Dell, Adobe, Qualcomm, Amgen, Gilead Sciences), and 1990s (Amazon, Google, Netflix, Salesforce.com, PayPal). All of these startups reached the top 100 for market capitalization, but Facebook is the only startup founded since 2000 which has entered the top 100. Tesla and Uber are often discussed as highly successful but they have many times higher cumulative losses than did Amazon at its time of peak losses and neither has had a profitable year despite being older than Amazon was when it achieved profits. Furthermore, few of the recent Unicorn IPOs have experienced shareprice increases greater than those of the Nasdaq (14 of 45), only 3 of these 14 have profits, and only six of them have a
market capitalization over $30 (Zoom), $20 (Square), and $10 billion (Twilio, DocuSign, Okta). America’s venture capital system isn’t working as well as it once did, and the coronavirus will make things worse before the VC system gets better.
What's Wrong with the Silicon Valley Growth Model (Extended UCL Lecture)Tim O'Reilly
A three part lecture for the Institute for Innovation and Public Purpose at University College London. I talk about how the Silicon Valley growth model is leading from value creation to rent extraction, then about how public policy shapes our markets and what public policy students can learn from technology platforms (both what they do right and how they go wrong), and finally, I touch on some of the great mission-driven goals that could replace "increasing corporate profits" as the guiding objective of our economy.
Brian Solis takes a look at how disruption changed the face of the music industry, and the lessons all businesses can learn from this period of massive change. This paper examines the effects of "digital Darwinism" on how we create, distribute and consume music, as well as the effects of disruptive technology on our everyday lives.
CSC Report: Digital Disruptions: Technology Innovations Powering 21st Century Business
Serialized on Forbes.com, and acclaimed by eWeek, The Financial Times, Signal Magazine et al.
Solow's Computer Paradox and the Impact of AIJeffrey Funk
These slides show why IT has not delivered large improvements in productivity and why new forms of IT like AI will also not deliver large improvements, except in selected sectors. The main reason is that the improvements in AI are over-hyped and because most sectors do not have large inefficiencies in the organization of people, machinery, and materials.
The borderless workplace, anyone contributing from anywhere at any time, from any device, is fast becoming a reality.
This whitepaper will help you discover capabilities you and your organization need in order to thrive in the new world of work.
Contact us today, to find out how to thrive in the borderless workplace: enquiries@tmaworld.com
My keynote at the Open Exchange Summit in Nashville on April 18, 2018. I talk about the implications for many different kinds of companies of the fact that increasingly large segments of our economy are being dominated by algorithmically managed network marketplaces.
What's Wrong With Silicon Valley's Growth ModelTim O'Reilly
A talk I gave on the oreilly.com live training platform on January 22, 2020, focusing on the way that many Silicon Valley startups are designed to be financial instruments rather than real companies. They are gaming the financial system, much like the CDOs that fueled the 2009 financial crash. I talk about the rise of profitless IPOs, and contrast that with the huge profits of the last wave of Silicon Valley giants. In many ways, it is an extended meditation on Benjamin Graham's famous statement, "In the short term, the market is a voting machine, but in the long term it is a weighing machine."
One of the great irony of successful companies is how easily they can fail. New companies are founded to take advantage of some new technology. They become highly successful and but when the technology shifts, something new comes along, they are unable to adapt and fail. This is the innovator’s dilemma.
Then there are companies that manage to survive. For example, Kodak survived two platform shift, only til fail the third. IBM has survived over 100 years. What do successful companies do differently?
Innovation Works (创新工场) is a business creation platform designed to create the next wave of leaders in the Chinese Internet with a keen focus on e-Commerce, Mobile Internet and Cloud Computing.
Technology and behavior megatrends are reshaping business globally. To advance and grow, organizations need new ways to connect to both employees and customers, because old paradigms are costly.
The traditional brick-and-mortar business model is no longer the only option for the aspiring entrepreneur. Many of today’s greatest successes belong to those who have captured the power of the viral loop by designing products and services that spread themselves through the channels of the Internet, propelled by word-of-mouth recommendations.
These slides discuss Robert Gordon's recent book, The Rise and Fall of American Growth. He argues that growth was faster between 1870 and 1940 than between 1940 and 2010. Simply put, an American in 1870 would not have recognized life in 1940 but an American in 1940 would recognize life today. These slides discuss what would be needed to change these results and thus make the improvements since 1940 equivalent to those between 1870 and 1940
Download the full report now: http://bit.ly/1QD3aDm
Imagine a future where you don’t have to think about money. Got it? Well you’re probably thinking about it the wrong way. Because today, right now, money isn’t real.
That bill you can hold in your hand is simply a representation of a transaction about to take place, completely dependent upon our belief that it has a value. We believe wholeheartedly that a piece of paper can be exchanged for a cup of coffee or a microwave oven. But, when we strip away our dependence on this concept of “money”, and the physicality of its exchange, what remains in the pure transaction. A transaction of value.
This report unpacks how our very concept of money is evolving, and describes how the system designed to manage its movement is ripe for disruption. This shift will create immediate opportunities for brands to connect with consumers as not only participants, but partners in modern culture.
Our report examines:
• The concept of value beyond traditional financial notions
• How value hinges upon trust, and the way trust is driving disruption
• Tech startups and small group communities working together to challenge the way we’re paying for our lives
• Peer to peer exchanges, dying middlemen and algorithmic security
• New asset classes and a working vision of the Internet of Things
49 pp., 23 illustrations
Our report points to the near future, where every person, place, and thing has a measurable value that can be exchanged intangibly, rapidly, securely, and most importantly, directly. It’s a system where abstract notions like social currency have a value that can be transacted in the same way that we now buy a cup of coffee. It’s a system that can empower a planet where every single device, every head of lettuce, every drop of fuel, every road and cable that make up our infrastructure have a value not only in and of itself, but also in the context of its use.
Meet your new value system, or the future of money. UnMoney.
Methodology
For this report, sparks & honey conducted research and interviewed experts at DevCon1 in London (2015) and the Scaling Bitcoin Workshop in Hong Kong (2015). Using new social listening tools, we gauged public sentiment around the disruption of established currencies and financial systems. And tapping into our global scout network and proprietary cultural intelligence system, we combed through thousands of signals to build a vision of the future of value in an unmonied world.
What's Wrong with the Silicon Valley Growth Model (Extended UCL Lecture)Tim O'Reilly
A three part lecture for the Institute for Innovation and Public Purpose at University College London. I talk about how the Silicon Valley growth model is leading from value creation to rent extraction, then about how public policy shapes our markets and what public policy students can learn from technology platforms (both what they do right and how they go wrong), and finally, I touch on some of the great mission-driven goals that could replace "increasing corporate profits" as the guiding objective of our economy.
Brian Solis takes a look at how disruption changed the face of the music industry, and the lessons all businesses can learn from this period of massive change. This paper examines the effects of "digital Darwinism" on how we create, distribute and consume music, as well as the effects of disruptive technology on our everyday lives.
CSC Report: Digital Disruptions: Technology Innovations Powering 21st Century Business
Serialized on Forbes.com, and acclaimed by eWeek, The Financial Times, Signal Magazine et al.
Solow's Computer Paradox and the Impact of AIJeffrey Funk
These slides show why IT has not delivered large improvements in productivity and why new forms of IT like AI will also not deliver large improvements, except in selected sectors. The main reason is that the improvements in AI are over-hyped and because most sectors do not have large inefficiencies in the organization of people, machinery, and materials.
The borderless workplace, anyone contributing from anywhere at any time, from any device, is fast becoming a reality.
This whitepaper will help you discover capabilities you and your organization need in order to thrive in the new world of work.
Contact us today, to find out how to thrive in the borderless workplace: enquiries@tmaworld.com
My keynote at the Open Exchange Summit in Nashville on April 18, 2018. I talk about the implications for many different kinds of companies of the fact that increasingly large segments of our economy are being dominated by algorithmically managed network marketplaces.
What's Wrong With Silicon Valley's Growth ModelTim O'Reilly
A talk I gave on the oreilly.com live training platform on January 22, 2020, focusing on the way that many Silicon Valley startups are designed to be financial instruments rather than real companies. They are gaming the financial system, much like the CDOs that fueled the 2009 financial crash. I talk about the rise of profitless IPOs, and contrast that with the huge profits of the last wave of Silicon Valley giants. In many ways, it is an extended meditation on Benjamin Graham's famous statement, "In the short term, the market is a voting machine, but in the long term it is a weighing machine."
One of the great irony of successful companies is how easily they can fail. New companies are founded to take advantage of some new technology. They become highly successful and but when the technology shifts, something new comes along, they are unable to adapt and fail. This is the innovator’s dilemma.
Then there are companies that manage to survive. For example, Kodak survived two platform shift, only til fail the third. IBM has survived over 100 years. What do successful companies do differently?
Innovation Works (创新工场) is a business creation platform designed to create the next wave of leaders in the Chinese Internet with a keen focus on e-Commerce, Mobile Internet and Cloud Computing.
Technology and behavior megatrends are reshaping business globally. To advance and grow, organizations need new ways to connect to both employees and customers, because old paradigms are costly.
The traditional brick-and-mortar business model is no longer the only option for the aspiring entrepreneur. Many of today’s greatest successes belong to those who have captured the power of the viral loop by designing products and services that spread themselves through the channels of the Internet, propelled by word-of-mouth recommendations.
These slides discuss Robert Gordon's recent book, The Rise and Fall of American Growth. He argues that growth was faster between 1870 and 1940 than between 1940 and 2010. Simply put, an American in 1870 would not have recognized life in 1940 but an American in 1940 would recognize life today. These slides discuss what would be needed to change these results and thus make the improvements since 1940 equivalent to those between 1870 and 1940
Download the full report now: http://bit.ly/1QD3aDm
Imagine a future where you don’t have to think about money. Got it? Well you’re probably thinking about it the wrong way. Because today, right now, money isn’t real.
That bill you can hold in your hand is simply a representation of a transaction about to take place, completely dependent upon our belief that it has a value. We believe wholeheartedly that a piece of paper can be exchanged for a cup of coffee or a microwave oven. But, when we strip away our dependence on this concept of “money”, and the physicality of its exchange, what remains in the pure transaction. A transaction of value.
This report unpacks how our very concept of money is evolving, and describes how the system designed to manage its movement is ripe for disruption. This shift will create immediate opportunities for brands to connect with consumers as not only participants, but partners in modern culture.
Our report examines:
• The concept of value beyond traditional financial notions
• How value hinges upon trust, and the way trust is driving disruption
• Tech startups and small group communities working together to challenge the way we’re paying for our lives
• Peer to peer exchanges, dying middlemen and algorithmic security
• New asset classes and a working vision of the Internet of Things
49 pp., 23 illustrations
Our report points to the near future, where every person, place, and thing has a measurable value that can be exchanged intangibly, rapidly, securely, and most importantly, directly. It’s a system where abstract notions like social currency have a value that can be transacted in the same way that we now buy a cup of coffee. It’s a system that can empower a planet where every single device, every head of lettuce, every drop of fuel, every road and cable that make up our infrastructure have a value not only in and of itself, but also in the context of its use.
Meet your new value system, or the future of money. UnMoney.
Methodology
For this report, sparks & honey conducted research and interviewed experts at DevCon1 in London (2015) and the Scaling Bitcoin Workshop in Hong Kong (2015). Using new social listening tools, we gauged public sentiment around the disruption of established currencies and financial systems. And tapping into our global scout network and proprietary cultural intelligence system, we combed through thousands of signals to build a vision of the future of value in an unmonied world.
The Rise of Digital Darwinism and the Fall of Business As Usual by Brian SolisBrian Solis
Brian Solis shares his perspective on the future of business and how to compete against digital disruption. All of this talk about the future and how one day technology is going to disrupt everything around us is more than just talk. The future is already here. All of this talk about the future and how one day technology is going to disrupt everything around us is more than just talk. The future is already here.
Digital technology has impacted the lives of consumers and businesses around the world. With access to
the internet and the lowering cost of smart devices, audiences use the internet to improve their daily
lives. In this connected world, access to information is seen as a necessity rather than a convenience
Our Guide to Digital disruption Update 2019John Ashcroft
A collection of our articles on Digital Disruption and Change Management updated for 2019.
Don't thumb your nose at Digital Disruption
So what do we mean by digital disruption
The six forces shaping digital disruption
Digital Disruption Industries of the future
Which jobs will be at risk in the years ahead
Digital Disruption and the UK Banking System
My presentation from the Reglab 2010 ThinkTank Workshop in Stockholm in November 2010, http://www.reglab.se/reglab/braingain-reglabs-forsta-framsynsseminarium
Leading into the Third Industrial RevolutionRobin Teigland
My keynote presentation at the NEMO 14 (New Media Modern Democracy) "Meet the Digital Naturals" Conference at Lund University Campus Helsingborg in October 2014. http://nemo.blogg.lu.se/594/
The "Unproductive Bubble:" Unprofitable startups, small markets for new digit...Jeffrey Funk
This article will show that the current bubble has produced few profitable startups and involved few if any new digital technologies, nor technologies involving recent scientific advances, and thus it is unlikely that much that is productive will be left once the dust settles. There is a growth in old technologies such as e-commerce but little in new technologies such as AI. The startup losses are also much larger than in the past suggesting that fewer of today’s startups will still exist in a few years than those of 20 years ago.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
5. 這東西能用來做(MAKE)什麼呢?
“And I know what I have to do now. I gotta
keep breathing (Making). Because tomorrow the sun
will rise, who knows what the tide could bring.”
7. 3D Printer
E WASTE
TOGO$100
,
so what?W
Inexpensive rapid prototyping
e-Waste management
Afate Gnikou, Togo
Air Sensor Network, Benin
They are Makers ...
9. Intrinsic / 本質的
There is something missing in our definition,
vision, of a human being: the need to make.
We are creatures who need to make.
..... Frank Bidart
10. 工業革命
MARKET REVOLUTION - Stay Hungry, Stay Updated - DIY & MAKER
It’s a revolution (not just a rebranding)
1st revolution:
steam engine
2nd revolution:
assembly line
3rd revolution:
IT & automation
4
digit
Source: The Third Industrial Revolution: How Lateral Power is Transforming Energy, the Economy, and the World, 2011; McKinsey, jun 2013.
Not a peripheral change but a paradigm shift: values, goals, ru
59. Over 100 community events in 2013
Please inquire for a detailed list of sponsorship and marketing opportunities
2014MediaKit
http://makezine.com/2014/01/01/the-year-of-100-maker-faires/
60. 你曾經展示過
或
銷售過自己的作品嗎?
Maker Market Study: 19
About half have sold or shown their work before, most often online.
Total Respondents
0 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Brick & morter
Events
Online/website (net)
Any of these (net) 48%
34%
Website used/plan to use to sell merchandise
Among those that use or plan to use a website to sell or show their
work, Etsy was most popular, followed by eBay and Amazon.
47% 39% 26%
—Adam Silver, DesignMind Blog, 2/7/12
Whether sold or shown work
About half have sold or shown their work before, most often online.
Total Respondents
0 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Brick & morter
Events
Online/website (net)
Any of these (net) 48%
34%
Website used/plan to use to sell merchandise
Among those that use or plan to use a website to sell or show their
work, Etsy was most popular, followed by eBay and Amazon.
實體店面
Maker Market Study, 2013, Maker Media and Intel
79. Number of attendees at Maker Faire
Kickstarter project hits
Revenue from maker-driven businesses
>1,000 hackerspaces around the world
2011 2012 2013 2011 2012 2013
$7M
$18M
$50M $525M
$895M
$>1B
Quirky Etsy
Find details at: http://hackerspaces.org/wiki/list_of_hacker_spaces
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
San Francisco Bay Area New York
Did not exist!
120K
64K
110K
50K
97K
27K
83K
23K
74K
Project Goal Funded
# of
backers
Pebble $100K $10.3M 69,000
Oculus rift $250K $2.4M 9,522
Goldieblox $150K $286K 5,519
Safecast $4K $104K 290
projectedprojected
rs contribute to, and improve upon, each other’s ideas and
wnership of rounded corners and button placement, makers
mprove them.
the tools to make the things. Tools that have been, until
inters, CNC machines and laser cutters — are now available
“Something big is happening to the
business of making things.”
— THE ECONOMIST, SEPT 2012
MAKER MARKET WHITEPAPER: 20
are also being mixed in with known products, such as Elenco’s Snap Circuits, and others.
VALUING THE MAKER MARKET
How big is the market today, and how big will it get
in the near future? In reviewing the market at the
2010 Foo Ignite East conference, Phillip Torrone and
Limor Fried of Adafruit Industries, estimated that
the market was on track to hit “300+ projects” by
the end of 2011, with the 13 reviewed in that session
accounting for more than $50M in revenue. Extending
this trend forward, and factoring in information from
retail channel and electronics manufacturers, the
market is forecast to reach a low end of $300M, and
a high end of $400M, for 2012. Based on assumptions regarding core growth rates and new growth areas, and
trends, the market has the potential to reach $1B, and beyond, by 2015.
“In just a few years the Maker Movement
has gone from zero to impact to become
one of the driving forces in the development
of consumer oriented technologies.”
— ADVERTISING & MARKETING REVIEW,
GLEN EMERSON MORRIS, JUNE 2012
98. 數位科技
+
經濟貿易自由化
The cost of computing power has decreased from $222 per million transistors in 1992 to $0.06 per
million transistors in 2012.
FoundationaltrendsImpacttrends
The cost of data storage has decreased from $569 per gigabyte of storage in 1992 to $0.03 per
gigabyte in 2012.
The cost of Internet bandwidth has decreased from $1,245 per 1,000 Mbps in 1999 to $23 per
1,000 Mbps in 2012.
The overall trend of index of economic freedom, a compilation of 10 indicators measured by the
Heritage Foundation, has been increasing since 1995.
Nearly 70 percent of customers agree that they have increased information and choice about brands.
The compensation gap between the creative class and the rest of the workforce has steadily widened
over the past 10 years.
The economy-wide return on assets (ROA) has declined over the last 47 years, to a quarter of its
1965 level in 2012.
Graphic: Deloitte University Press | DUPress.com
Source: John Hagel, John Seely Brown, Tamara Samoylova, and Matt Frost, 2013 Shift Index metrics: The burdens of the past, Deloitte University Press,
November 11, 2013, pp. 9-27, http://dupress.com/articles/the-burdens-of-the-past/.
Figure 3. The Big Shift’s trends
can now easily compare options and prices
and have multiple ways to make a purchase
(for example, shopping both online and in
brick-and-mortar stores), and their loyalty to
product brands is decreasing. Separately, top
talent has much more bargaining power and
is able to command higher compensation
and pursue more desirable work opportuni-
ties, putting even more performance pressure
on companies.
消費行為改變
創新能力的重要性增加
公司治理與成長的挑戰增加
數位科技、網際網路普及與成本的大幅下降
經濟貿易自由化程度提高
99. Graphic: Deloitte University Press | DUPress.com
Source: Compustat, Deloitte analysis.
0%
Economy ROA
0.9%
Linear (economy ROA)
1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
1%
Graphic: Deloitte University Press | DUPress.com
Source: Deloitte analysis of data from Compustat and the US Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Figure 5. Economy-wide return on assets and US unemployment rate (1976–2012)
0%
Unemployment rate (%)
Unemploymentrate(%)
ROA(%)
Economy ROA (%)
‘81–’82 Unemployment from
7.6%–9.7%
‘82–’83: ROA from 2.7%–2.8%
‘91–’92 Unemployment from
6.8%–7.5%
‘92–’96: ROA from 1.6%–2.3%
‘00–’03 Unemployment from
4.0%–6.0%
‘01–’06: ROA from 0.2%–2.2%
‘08–’10 Unemployment from
4.9%–9.6%
‘08–’12: ROA from 0.5%–1.8%
1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012
4%
2%
0.5%
0.0%
1.0%
1.5%
2.0%
2.5%
3.0%
3.5%
4.0%
4.5%
6%
8%
10%
12%
公司治理與成長的挑戰增加
資遣
工作外包
僱用派遣員工
部門整併
撙節成本? 創新成長?
103. 適量生產的障礙降低
商品化的障礙降低
學習的障礙降低
逐漸消失的障礙...
Maker Movement
個人所面對的壓力
The cost of computing power has decreased from $222 per million transistors in 1992 to $0.06 per
million transistors in 2012.
FoundationaltrendsImpacttrends
The cost of data storage has decreased from $569 per gigabyte of storage in 1992 to $0.03 per
gigabyte in 2012.
The cost of Internet bandwidth has decreased from $1,245 per 1,000 Mbps in 1999 to $23 per
1,000 Mbps in 2012.
The overall trend of index of economic freedom, a compilation of 10 indicators measured by the
Heritage Foundation, has been increasing since 1995.
Nearly 70 percent of customers agree that they have increased information and choice about brands.
The compensation gap between the creative class and the rest of the workforce has steadily widened
over the past 10 years.
The economy-wide return on assets (ROA) has declined over the last 47 years, to a quarter of its
1965 level in 2012.
Graphic: Deloitte University Press | DUPress.com
Source: John Hagel, John Seely Brown, Tamara Samoylova, and Matt Frost, 2013 Shift Index metrics: The burdens of the past, Deloitte University Press,
November 11, 2013, pp. 9-27, http://dupress.com/articles/the-burdens-of-the-past/.
Figure 3. The Big Shift’s trends
The Big Shift impacts both individuals
and organizations. Individuals able to quickly
adopt new technologies and participate in
knowledge flows are benefiting from the forces
of the Big Shift as consumers and creative tal-
ent (see figure 3, impact trends). Consumers
can now easily compare options and prices
and have multiple ways to make a purchase
(for example, shopping both online and in
brick-and-mortar stores), and their loyalty to
product brands is decreasing. Separately, top
workforce talent is highly sought after as the
key to growth, innovation, and performance
improvement for companies. However, top-tier
talent can also now easily identify new oppor-
tunities and compare employment options,
wherever they might be. As a result, creative
talent has much more bargaining power and
is able to command higher compensation
and pursue more desirable work opportuni-
ties, putting even more performance pressure
on companies.
Meanwhile, companies are struggling.
The performance of US public companies, as
measured by return on assets (ROA), is now
just a quarter of its 1965 level (see figure 4).
Competition has increased, emerging from
new and unexpected areas, making it more dif-
ficult for companies to maintain performance.
In the past 55 years, the average tenure of a
company on the S&P 500 has declined from 61
years to 18 years.18
During that same period,
the rate at which companies lose their leader-
ship position within an industry has risen
39 percent.19
In response, many companies are resorting
to short-term cost-reduction tactics such as
layoffs and outsourcing, or using mergers and
acquisitions (M&A) to increase scale (and buy
revenue). As illustrated in figure 5, headcount
reduction has been a growing response to
poor performance. Many companies also try
9
數位科技
+
經濟貿易自由化
104. Fragmentation
...
市場、角色定位
專業自由工作者
個人
投資天使
利基市場
事業規模
vs.
生活品質
適量生產 業餘喜好者
公司
創意部門
特殊專業
領域
客戶參與
(設計、行銷)
Pro-consumer
Pre-consumer
Fragmentation will occur at different rates
and to varying degrees across the economy.
Much of the fragmentation is likely to occur in
product design and commercialization activi-
ties. This activity depends on creative talent,
and creative talent tends to seek the autonomy
available in smaller organizational settings.
This creative talent can establish much closer
connections to their customers and build
deeper relationships over time that will help
them to deliver more effective personalization
and customization, opening up opportunities
for customers to participate in the design and
creation of the products. These more special-
ized players will acquire deeper insight into
the needs of the highly focused niches they are
serving—needs that the customers themselves
Coders
Consumer Creator
Individual
Niche operators
Angels Domain
experts
Artists
Makers
Mom-
and-
pop
Figure 13. Niche operators
product businesses. One of the early effects of
the Big Shift has been the increasing capacity
for connection between participants in an eco-
system. For individuals and small teams, this
means they can more easily forge connections
with one another and with large companies
to learn, improve performance, and pursue
opportunities for long-term viability.
The fragmentation already underway is,
with some rare exceptions, still on the edge
of most established markets. However, early
shifts—including the loosening bonds between
workers and large employers and the wide-
spread erosion of barriers—are paving the way
for more small businesses to arise. The histori-
cal growth of the independent workforce has
not been reliably tracked;62
however, a study
by MBO Partners revealed that, in 2013, there
Graphic: Deloitte University Press | DUPress.com
Scale-and-scope operators
Manufacturing
Logistics
Digital tech
infrastructure
Facilities
management
Back office
Risk management
Social
Content
Data
Broker/market
Finance
Infrastructure
providers
Aggregation
platforms
The agent role has always existed, from the
personal wealth manager to the Hollywood
agent representing celebrities. What has
to provide proactive, holi
and learning services. The
is to help the individual le
105. Concentration
整合...
為分散的市場、角色提供服務
基礎服務架構
供應商
Graphic: Deloitte University Press | DUPress.com
Coders
Consumer Creator
Individual
Niche operators
Scale-and-scope operators
Angels Domain
experts
Artists
Makers
Mom-
and-
Pop
Coders
Consumer Creator
Individual
Niche operators
Angels Domain
experts
Artists
Makers
Mom-
and-
Pop
Manufacturing
Logistics
Digital tech
infrastructure
Facilities
management
Back office
Risk management
Social
Content
Data
Broker/market
Finance
Consumer
Talent
Infrastructure
providers
Aggregation
platforms
Agent
businesses
The agent role has always existed, from the
personal wealth manager to the Hollywood
agent representing celebrities. What has
changed with the advance of technology is the
ways in which agents can operate and their
consequent increase in reach. Agents can now
function in a virtual format—from Pandora’s
music recommendations to Sosh’s event rec-
ommendations—to cost-effectively address the
needs of the mass market rather than targeting
just the very affluent.
A talent agent employs a deep understand-
to provide proactive, holistic career coaching
and learning services. The talent agent’s goal
is to help the individual learn faster from new
situations or new connections in the ever-
changing landscape. One factor driving the
need for talent agents is the increasing speed at
which skills lose relevance, primarily as a result
of rapid advances in technology. With no signs
that technological or related business change
will slow down, individuals’ skills will be ever
more subject to obsolescence, and workers
will face an unprecedented need to almost
產品/服務資訊
彙整業者
代理/仲介
業者
Seeed Studio
FedEx
UPS
Flextronics
Cloud Service
Pandora Internet Music
Sosh.com
Maker Map
Netflix
LinkedIn
Etsy Ebay Quickparts
Amazon KickStarter
106. Zero to maker Maker to maker Maker to market
Idea to
market
Marketplaces
Financing
options
Design
Service
bureaus
Access to
tools
Inspiration &
learning
Orchestrators
Making
technologies
Incubators
•Maker Faire
•Make magazine
•Instructables
•Pinterest
•Meetup
•General Assembly
•CodeAcademy
•DIY Drones
•Techshop
•Makerspaces
•MakerBot
•3D Systems
•ShopBot
•Quirky
•Threadless
•Thingiverse
•TinderCad
•3D SketchUp
•Autodesk
•Geomagic
•Maker Map
•Maker’s Row
•Ponoko
•Shapeways
•Quickparts
•Etsy
•eBay
•Kickstarter
•Indiegogo
•Highway 1
•Haxlr8r
•Bolt
•bunnie Huang
•Seeed Studios
•PCH
•Dragon Innovation
•AdaFruit
•SparkFun
Contract
manufacturers
Connectors
110. Figure 4: Fab
Lab’s
Role
in
the
Innovation
Value
Chain
Source: Overlay, World Bank 2012, Bulgaria: Supporting Innovation through Operational Program
Competitiveness 2007-2013.
Basic
Research
Early-stage
Technology
Development
Proof of
Concept
Product
Developm
ent
Production/
Marketing
Patent
Product
Development
Functional
Invention
Output
Business
Validation
Innovation:
New firm or
program
Viable
Business
Public Sector
Angel Investors,
Corporations,
Technology labs
Venture Capital
Corporate venture
funds, equity,
commercial debt
FabLab
Zero to maker Maker to maker Maker to market
普羅大眾 天使投資人
公司投資基金
創投公司
公司投資基金
股權交換
公司債
相關
技術開發
創意
可行性
腦力激盪
基礎研究
產品開發
生產
產品行銷
業務開發
專利 功能創意
服務模式
服務模式 創新公司 長期經營
產出
Maker Movement 3
Idea Social media People support Crowd funding Making Market
創意、創造、創業的新旅程