John Rawls was a political philosopher who argued that a just society should prioritize civil liberties and fairness. He believed that principles of justice could be determined through an "original position" where people chose principles without knowing their place in society. Rawls argued for two principles of justice: 1) Equal basic liberties for all, and 2) Social and economic inequalities must benefit society's least advantaged and be attached to positions open to all. He believed civil disobedience could be justified in instances of clear injustice where legal means of redress have failed without undermining the rule of law.
1. Ronald Dworkin defends the philosophical thesis of the unity of value, that all values are fundamentally one.
2. He argues that values like ethics, morality, politics, law, and impersonal values are interconnected and not in conflict.
3. Dworkin presents a substantive account of core values like ethics, morality, political morality, law, legitimacy, justice, freedom, equality, and democracy to illustrate their underlying unity.
The document discusses several concepts from Rousseau's works, including:
1) Conflicts arise between claims of justice based on strength versus claims based on need or first possession, leading to violence.
2) Rousseau argues that justice comes from submitting to conditions imposed on others, and justice must be reciprocal to be accepted.
3) Putting the law above man is problematic, as the legislative power is essential to the state and laws must have ongoing force from the people's will to govern.
Cass Sunstein is an American legal scholar known for his extensive work on constitutional law, administrative law, and political philosophy. He has authored over 30 books and hundreds of articles on various topics. Some of his most well-known books include The Partial Constitution (1994), which critiques theories of constitutional interpretation; Nudge (2008), which explores libertarian paternalism; and Radicals in Robes (2005), which argues against extreme right-wing courts. Throughout his career, Sunstein has advocated for deliberative democracy and sought to reconcile individual rights with collective self-governance.
The Legal Campaign for Prostitution Abolition in canadamaxfungo
This document summarizes Canada's history of laws around prostitution and the recent legal campaign for abolition. It provides context on past laws criminalizing various parties. The Bedford case struck down laws as unconstitutional for putting safety at risk. New 2014 laws criminalize buying sex but not selling it, to reduce demand. The document argues prostitution discriminates and a Swedish-style model is needed to address harms, not a decriminalized or regulated system.
Sexual Assault Law Reform in Canada as a Catalyst for Social Change maxfungo
The document summarizes the history and evolution of sexual assault laws in Canada from 1892 to present. Key reforms include: (1) replacing gender-specific rape laws with sexual assault in 1983; (2) defining consent and limiting defenses in 1992; and (3) ongoing reforms to address issues like intoxication, age of consent, and fraud. However, reporting and conviction rates remain low due to entrenched social attitudes and evidentiary challenges in court.
John Rawls was a political philosopher who argued that a just society should prioritize civil liberties and fairness. He believed that principles of justice could be determined through an "original position" where people chose principles without knowing their place in society. Rawls argued for two principles of justice: 1) Equal basic liberties for all, and 2) Social and economic inequalities must benefit society's least advantaged and be attached to positions open to all. He believed civil disobedience could be justified in instances of clear injustice where legal means of redress have failed without undermining the rule of law.
1. Ronald Dworkin defends the philosophical thesis of the unity of value, that all values are fundamentally one.
2. He argues that values like ethics, morality, politics, law, and impersonal values are interconnected and not in conflict.
3. Dworkin presents a substantive account of core values like ethics, morality, political morality, law, legitimacy, justice, freedom, equality, and democracy to illustrate their underlying unity.
The document discusses several concepts from Rousseau's works, including:
1) Conflicts arise between claims of justice based on strength versus claims based on need or first possession, leading to violence.
2) Rousseau argues that justice comes from submitting to conditions imposed on others, and justice must be reciprocal to be accepted.
3) Putting the law above man is problematic, as the legislative power is essential to the state and laws must have ongoing force from the people's will to govern.
Cass Sunstein is an American legal scholar known for his extensive work on constitutional law, administrative law, and political philosophy. He has authored over 30 books and hundreds of articles on various topics. Some of his most well-known books include The Partial Constitution (1994), which critiques theories of constitutional interpretation; Nudge (2008), which explores libertarian paternalism; and Radicals in Robes (2005), which argues against extreme right-wing courts. Throughout his career, Sunstein has advocated for deliberative democracy and sought to reconcile individual rights with collective self-governance.
The Legal Campaign for Prostitution Abolition in canadamaxfungo
This document summarizes Canada's history of laws around prostitution and the recent legal campaign for abolition. It provides context on past laws criminalizing various parties. The Bedford case struck down laws as unconstitutional for putting safety at risk. New 2014 laws criminalize buying sex but not selling it, to reduce demand. The document argues prostitution discriminates and a Swedish-style model is needed to address harms, not a decriminalized or regulated system.
Sexual Assault Law Reform in Canada as a Catalyst for Social Change maxfungo
The document summarizes the history and evolution of sexual assault laws in Canada from 1892 to present. Key reforms include: (1) replacing gender-specific rape laws with sexual assault in 1983; (2) defining consent and limiting defenses in 1992; and (3) ongoing reforms to address issues like intoxication, age of consent, and fraud. However, reporting and conviction rates remain low due to entrenched social attitudes and evidentiary challenges in court.
