This document provides instructions for three hands-on activities about electricity and circuits for children ages 9-12. The activities are: 1) Using static electricity to make cornstarch suspended in water move, exploring non-Newtonian fluids and static charge. 2) Constructing a Leyden jar, an early capacitor, to store a static charge and feel a shock when discharging it. 3) Using circuit blocks to experiment with completing circuits and making a light turn on, learning basic circuitry. The document explains key concepts like conductors, insulators, circuits and static electricity to provide scientific context for the activities.
This document contains a list of 9 photographers credited for their photos used in a Haiku Deck presentation on SlideShare. It concludes by encouraging the reader to get started creating their own Haiku Deck presentation if they are inspired by what they saw.
El documento describe el sistema solar. Está formado por el sol y nueve planetas que orbitan alrededor de él, así como asteroides, cometas y otras características. Describe brevemente cada planeta y sus propiedades principales.
Föredraget tar upp vikten av sätta nytta, användning och användare i centrum när produkter utvecklas. Acceptans ska inte likställas med en testaktivitet som är begränsad till en sen fas i utvecklingen. Acceptance ska vara ett perspektiv som alla delar och som präglar aktiviteter som återkommer löpande under hela produktutveckling.
El documento describe el sistema solar. Está formado por el sol y nueve planetas que orbitan alrededor de él, así como asteroides, cometas y otras características. Describe brevemente cada planeta y sus propiedades principales.
국제슬로푸드한국협회(Slow Food Korea)는 국제슬로푸드생물다양성재단(Slow Food Foundation for Biodiversity)에서 추진하는 ‘맛의방주(The Ark of Taste)’ 프로젝트를 시행하고 있습니다.
‘맛의방주’는 사라져가는 지역의 향토음식문화를 발굴/기록하여 널리 알리고 보존하기 위한 일련의 과정으로, 현재 한국은 총32개의 품목이 등재되어 있습니다. (2015-03-26 기준)
The Trident ROV submarine project has revealed it uses a Raspberry Pi 3 as its onboard computer. The Pi was chosen for its strong community, performance, features and compact size. Video from the prototype shows the Pi-powered Trident cuts neatly through water. It connects to surface controls via a tether and wireless buoy, and is aimed to give more people access to underwater exploration. The crowdfunded Trident is expected for consumer use by the end of 2016.
This document contains a list of 9 photographers credited for their photos used in a Haiku Deck presentation on SlideShare. It concludes by encouraging the reader to get started creating their own Haiku Deck presentation if they are inspired by what they saw.
El documento describe el sistema solar. Está formado por el sol y nueve planetas que orbitan alrededor de él, así como asteroides, cometas y otras características. Describe brevemente cada planeta y sus propiedades principales.
Föredraget tar upp vikten av sätta nytta, användning och användare i centrum när produkter utvecklas. Acceptans ska inte likställas med en testaktivitet som är begränsad till en sen fas i utvecklingen. Acceptance ska vara ett perspektiv som alla delar och som präglar aktiviteter som återkommer löpande under hela produktutveckling.
El documento describe el sistema solar. Está formado por el sol y nueve planetas que orbitan alrededor de él, así como asteroides, cometas y otras características. Describe brevemente cada planeta y sus propiedades principales.
국제슬로푸드한국협회(Slow Food Korea)는 국제슬로푸드생물다양성재단(Slow Food Foundation for Biodiversity)에서 추진하는 ‘맛의방주(The Ark of Taste)’ 프로젝트를 시행하고 있습니다.
‘맛의방주’는 사라져가는 지역의 향토음식문화를 발굴/기록하여 널리 알리고 보존하기 위한 일련의 과정으로, 현재 한국은 총32개의 품목이 등재되어 있습니다. (2015-03-26 기준)
The Trident ROV submarine project has revealed it uses a Raspberry Pi 3 as its onboard computer. The Pi was chosen for its strong community, performance, features and compact size. Video from the prototype shows the Pi-powered Trident cuts neatly through water. It connects to surface controls via a tether and wireless buoy, and is aimed to give more people access to underwater exploration. The crowdfunded Trident is expected for consumer use by the end of 2016.
The document discusses static electricity through three experiments. It introduces key terms like electrons, insulators, and conductors. The first experiment shows that pouring water from a plastic cup allows it to drop slowly, demonstrating the cup has a static charge. The second experiment uses rubbing a plastic handkerchief on a stick to transfer electrons and create a static charge on the stick. The third experiment has students observe these demonstrations to understand static electricity.
The document discusses static electricity through three experiments. It introduces key terms like electrons, insulators, and conductors. The first experiment demonstrates how rubbing two insulators like a plastic cup and handkerchief transfers electrons, leaving one material positively charged and the other negatively charged. The second experiment shows water dropping from a charged plastic cup. The third has students rub a stick with a handkerchief, then bring the charged stick near a water drop to observe the effects of static electricity. The goal is to understand static charges and how they move electrons in materials.
The document discusses static electricity through an experiment. It introduces key terms like electrons, insulators, and conductors. The experiment has students work in groups to observe how rubbing materials like a plastic cup or stick with a handkerchief causes a transfer of electrons, leaving one material positively charged and the other negatively charged. Through pouring water and using other materials, the students can see the effects of this transfer of static charge. The purpose is to demonstrate how static electricity works and which materials more easily allow electron movement.
This document discusses electrical energy and static electricity. It begins by providing examples of static electricity from everyday life like sparks from clothing. It then explains that electrical energy comes from batteries that convert chemical energy and from power stations to homes. Electrical energy powers many devices and modern life relies on it. The document goes on to define objectives about static electricity, electric charges, potential difference, current, Ohm's law, and electrical concepts. It provides activities and explanations about positive and negative charges and Coulomb's law governing the force between charged particles.
This document provides materials on the topic of refraction of light. It includes 3 activities demonstrating refraction using various materials like a pencil, test tube, straw, and glass. It explains that refraction occurs when light passes from one medium to another of different optical density, causing the light's direction to change. The document also defines refraction and the index of refraction, discussing how light bends and travels at different speeds in different materials. Assessment and enrichment cards are included to test comprehension.
Std 8th Science Chapter 15 Some natural phenomena.pptxMVHerwadkarschool
This document discusses natural phenomena like lightning and earthquakes. It explains that lightning is caused by the accumulation of electric charges in clouds, which results in electric discharge between clouds or between clouds and the earth. The document provides safety tips during thunderstorms, such as seeking shelter inside a building. It also describes how lightning conductors protect buildings. Regarding earthquakes, it states they are caused by disturbances deep within the earth's crust and can cause damage. The document explains earthquakes are measured on the Richter scale.
Self Learning Material for Chemical Effects of Electric Currentheny2803
This document discusses electrical conductivity of liquids. It begins by introducing the topic and defining good and poor conductors of electricity. It then describes three activities to test whether various liquids conduct electricity using homemade testers. The activities find that lemon juice, vinegar and salt water conduct electricity, while distilled water is a poor conductor on its own but conducts when salt is dissolved in it. Other liquids like tap water, vegetable oil, milk and honey are classified as good or poor conductors based on the results.
This document discusses learning aids and improvised science teaching aids. It describes learning aids as devices like charts, diagrams or notes that help students grasp concepts more easily. It then defines audio-visual aids as tools that help communication and learning. The document goes on to provide examples of different types of visual, audio and audio-visual aids. It also describes several improvised science teaching aids that can be created with low-cost materials to demonstrate concepts like carbon dioxide being heavier than air, factors that influence conductor resistance, and a 3-in-1 cup that can be used for electrolysis, conductivity and electroplating experiments. Finally, it provides some additional examples of improvisation in science teaching and learning.
This document discusses learning aids and improvised science teaching aids. It describes learning aids as devices like charts, diagrams or notes that help students grasp concepts more easily. It then defines audio-visual aids as tools that help communication and learning. The document goes on to provide examples of different types of visual, audio and audio-visual aids. It also describes several improvised science teaching aids that can be created with low-cost materials to demonstrate concepts like carbon dioxide being heavier than air, factors that influence resistance of a conductor, and electrolysis of water. Finally, it defines improvisation as creating new combinations of existing pieces for a purpose, and provides additional examples of improvised science teaching aids.
Natural destructive phenomena such as cyclones, lightning, and earthquakes can cause damage to life and property. Lightning is caused by electric discharge between clouds or between clouds and the earth's surface. Earthquakes result from the movement of tectonic plates deep underground. Proper precautions and building designs that can withstand tremors can help minimize damage from these natural hazards.
This document provides an overview of Module 7 on electric circuits. It discusses the basic concepts of circuits and how electricity flows through different paths or materials. It notes that circuits allow for a continuous flow of electrons without needing infinite sources and destinations. The module contains 5 lessons that cover circuit basics, series and parallel circuits, household electrical wiring, computing energy consumption, and safety with electricity. After completing the module, students are expected to understand basic circuit parts, distinguish series and parallel connections, relate voltage and current, compute resistances, estimate energy costs, and practice safety. It provides tips for learning such as taking time to understand concepts and asking for help if needed. A pre-test with multiple choice questions is also included to assess prior knowledge
This document discusses electricity and magnetism. It explains that electricity is produced when electrons move from one atom to another due to an energy source within the atom. Static electricity is produced when some materials like plastic or wool lose electrons through rubbing. Electricity can be found in homes through plug sockets and switches, which are connected to copper wires that carry electricity to power bulbs. The document provides safety advice about not touching electrical sockets when wet and holding plugs by the plastic instead of the wires.
The document describes an experiment where students created dye-sensitized solar cells using blackberry juice. They coated conductive glass with titanium dioxide to create the anode and graphite to create the cathode. The titanium dioxide was sensitized with blackberry dye then assembled into cells with the cathode and iodine electrolyte. The three cells were connected in series to a multimeter and lightbulb. The circuit generated 172mV and powered the lightbulb, demonstrating the cells' ability to convert light to electricity through the anthocyanin dye.
This document outlines an activity session to teach children about electricity through experiments and demonstrations. It aims to establish prior knowledge, investigate circuits and materials' conductivity, and discuss applications. The session includes:
- Experiments with circuits to determine what allows current flow and identify conductors vs insulators.
- An analogy comparing electric current to movement between trees to explain electrons.
- A circuit game to model electron flow using paper balls passed between children.
- Demonstrations using a "sound box" to compare conductivity of materials based on sound.
- Discussions of applications like traffic lights, sensors, and semiconductors in everyday devices.
- Emphasis on battery safety and dangers of main
This lesson plan aims to teach students about the properties of water. It will have students:
1) Describe the polarity of water molecules and how it affects water's properties.
2) Explain why water climbs glass but not plastic using an activity with paper strips.
3) Describe chromatography and how it can separate the components of water-based substances.
It involves several hands-on activities using materials like detergent, oil, food coloring and cylinders to demonstrate water's interactions and polarity. The lesson emphasizes how water's structure at the molecular level explains its unexpected bulk properties.
Matter Structure & Chemical & Physical changes, properties, and processes.Ospina19
A brief introduction to matter structure and how chemical and physical changes affect its properties in the processes described before. For more science information follow this link, which will take you to our blog; http://biologyblogvermont7.weebly.com
Physics project on frictional electricityVidhiBhutia
This document discusses the topic of frictional electricity through 15 sections. It begins with an introduction on how rubbing certain materials like amber can cause them to attract dust. It then covers key topics like positive and negative electricity, insulators and conductors, the gold leaf electroscope, electrostatic induction, and how friction causes the transfer of electrons. It discusses experiments that can be done with an electroscope and how charge distributes over conductor surfaces. The document concludes by listing some uses of frictional electricity, like in photocopying machines, and provides a bibliography.
Electricity can be generated through static or current forms. Static electricity is generated through friction, like rubbing a balloon on clothing, and can be used to pick up small pieces of paper. Current electricity involves the flow of electrons through a complete circuit with a power source. A simple circuit can be created with one bulb, battery, and wire to light the bulb. Additional components like switches, motors, and buzzers can be added to circuits. Electricity is an abstract concept that involves the conservation of current and energy transfer across components rather than use. Teaching electricity relies on analogies to explain the unseen flow of electrons.
1) The document discusses the connection between static electricity and cone-bearing trees. Cone-bearing trees secrete resin when their bark is broken, which hardens and seals wounds. This resin can fossilize over time to form amber.
2) Ancient Greeks noticed that amber could attract small bits of straw or ash when rubbed with wool or fur. They believed amber had magical properties related to this. The name they gave amber, "elektron", means "substance of the Sun".
3) By the 17th century, scientists had sparked curiosity about amber's properties. It was finally explained that amber produces static electricity when rubbed, transferring electrons between the objects.
The document discusses static electricity through three experiments. It introduces key terms like electrons, insulators, and conductors. The first experiment shows that pouring water from a plastic cup allows it to drop slowly, demonstrating the cup has a static charge. The second experiment uses rubbing a plastic handkerchief on a stick to transfer electrons and create a static charge on the stick. The third experiment has students observe these demonstrations to understand static electricity.
The document discusses static electricity through three experiments. It introduces key terms like electrons, insulators, and conductors. The first experiment demonstrates how rubbing two insulators like a plastic cup and handkerchief transfers electrons, leaving one material positively charged and the other negatively charged. The second experiment shows water dropping from a charged plastic cup. The third has students rub a stick with a handkerchief, then bring the charged stick near a water drop to observe the effects of static electricity. The goal is to understand static charges and how they move electrons in materials.
The document discusses static electricity through an experiment. It introduces key terms like electrons, insulators, and conductors. The experiment has students work in groups to observe how rubbing materials like a plastic cup or stick with a handkerchief causes a transfer of electrons, leaving one material positively charged and the other negatively charged. Through pouring water and using other materials, the students can see the effects of this transfer of static charge. The purpose is to demonstrate how static electricity works and which materials more easily allow electron movement.
This document discusses electrical energy and static electricity. It begins by providing examples of static electricity from everyday life like sparks from clothing. It then explains that electrical energy comes from batteries that convert chemical energy and from power stations to homes. Electrical energy powers many devices and modern life relies on it. The document goes on to define objectives about static electricity, electric charges, potential difference, current, Ohm's law, and electrical concepts. It provides activities and explanations about positive and negative charges and Coulomb's law governing the force between charged particles.
This document provides materials on the topic of refraction of light. It includes 3 activities demonstrating refraction using various materials like a pencil, test tube, straw, and glass. It explains that refraction occurs when light passes from one medium to another of different optical density, causing the light's direction to change. The document also defines refraction and the index of refraction, discussing how light bends and travels at different speeds in different materials. Assessment and enrichment cards are included to test comprehension.
Std 8th Science Chapter 15 Some natural phenomena.pptxMVHerwadkarschool
This document discusses natural phenomena like lightning and earthquakes. It explains that lightning is caused by the accumulation of electric charges in clouds, which results in electric discharge between clouds or between clouds and the earth. The document provides safety tips during thunderstorms, such as seeking shelter inside a building. It also describes how lightning conductors protect buildings. Regarding earthquakes, it states they are caused by disturbances deep within the earth's crust and can cause damage. The document explains earthquakes are measured on the Richter scale.
Self Learning Material for Chemical Effects of Electric Currentheny2803
This document discusses electrical conductivity of liquids. It begins by introducing the topic and defining good and poor conductors of electricity. It then describes three activities to test whether various liquids conduct electricity using homemade testers. The activities find that lemon juice, vinegar and salt water conduct electricity, while distilled water is a poor conductor on its own but conducts when salt is dissolved in it. Other liquids like tap water, vegetable oil, milk and honey are classified as good or poor conductors based on the results.
This document discusses learning aids and improvised science teaching aids. It describes learning aids as devices like charts, diagrams or notes that help students grasp concepts more easily. It then defines audio-visual aids as tools that help communication and learning. The document goes on to provide examples of different types of visual, audio and audio-visual aids. It also describes several improvised science teaching aids that can be created with low-cost materials to demonstrate concepts like carbon dioxide being heavier than air, factors that influence conductor resistance, and a 3-in-1 cup that can be used for electrolysis, conductivity and electroplating experiments. Finally, it provides some additional examples of improvisation in science teaching and learning.
This document discusses learning aids and improvised science teaching aids. It describes learning aids as devices like charts, diagrams or notes that help students grasp concepts more easily. It then defines audio-visual aids as tools that help communication and learning. The document goes on to provide examples of different types of visual, audio and audio-visual aids. It also describes several improvised science teaching aids that can be created with low-cost materials to demonstrate concepts like carbon dioxide being heavier than air, factors that influence resistance of a conductor, and electrolysis of water. Finally, it defines improvisation as creating new combinations of existing pieces for a purpose, and provides additional examples of improvised science teaching aids.
Natural destructive phenomena such as cyclones, lightning, and earthquakes can cause damage to life and property. Lightning is caused by electric discharge between clouds or between clouds and the earth's surface. Earthquakes result from the movement of tectonic plates deep underground. Proper precautions and building designs that can withstand tremors can help minimize damage from these natural hazards.
This document provides an overview of Module 7 on electric circuits. It discusses the basic concepts of circuits and how electricity flows through different paths or materials. It notes that circuits allow for a continuous flow of electrons without needing infinite sources and destinations. The module contains 5 lessons that cover circuit basics, series and parallel circuits, household electrical wiring, computing energy consumption, and safety with electricity. After completing the module, students are expected to understand basic circuit parts, distinguish series and parallel connections, relate voltage and current, compute resistances, estimate energy costs, and practice safety. It provides tips for learning such as taking time to understand concepts and asking for help if needed. A pre-test with multiple choice questions is also included to assess prior knowledge
This document discusses electricity and magnetism. It explains that electricity is produced when electrons move from one atom to another due to an energy source within the atom. Static electricity is produced when some materials like plastic or wool lose electrons through rubbing. Electricity can be found in homes through plug sockets and switches, which are connected to copper wires that carry electricity to power bulbs. The document provides safety advice about not touching electrical sockets when wet and holding plugs by the plastic instead of the wires.
The document describes an experiment where students created dye-sensitized solar cells using blackberry juice. They coated conductive glass with titanium dioxide to create the anode and graphite to create the cathode. The titanium dioxide was sensitized with blackberry dye then assembled into cells with the cathode and iodine electrolyte. The three cells were connected in series to a multimeter and lightbulb. The circuit generated 172mV and powered the lightbulb, demonstrating the cells' ability to convert light to electricity through the anthocyanin dye.
This document outlines an activity session to teach children about electricity through experiments and demonstrations. It aims to establish prior knowledge, investigate circuits and materials' conductivity, and discuss applications. The session includes:
- Experiments with circuits to determine what allows current flow and identify conductors vs insulators.
- An analogy comparing electric current to movement between trees to explain electrons.
- A circuit game to model electron flow using paper balls passed between children.
- Demonstrations using a "sound box" to compare conductivity of materials based on sound.
- Discussions of applications like traffic lights, sensors, and semiconductors in everyday devices.
- Emphasis on battery safety and dangers of main
This lesson plan aims to teach students about the properties of water. It will have students:
1) Describe the polarity of water molecules and how it affects water's properties.
2) Explain why water climbs glass but not plastic using an activity with paper strips.
3) Describe chromatography and how it can separate the components of water-based substances.
It involves several hands-on activities using materials like detergent, oil, food coloring and cylinders to demonstrate water's interactions and polarity. The lesson emphasizes how water's structure at the molecular level explains its unexpected bulk properties.
Matter Structure & Chemical & Physical changes, properties, and processes.Ospina19
A brief introduction to matter structure and how chemical and physical changes affect its properties in the processes described before. For more science information follow this link, which will take you to our blog; http://biologyblogvermont7.weebly.com
Physics project on frictional electricityVidhiBhutia
This document discusses the topic of frictional electricity through 15 sections. It begins with an introduction on how rubbing certain materials like amber can cause them to attract dust. It then covers key topics like positive and negative electricity, insulators and conductors, the gold leaf electroscope, electrostatic induction, and how friction causes the transfer of electrons. It discusses experiments that can be done with an electroscope and how charge distributes over conductor surfaces. The document concludes by listing some uses of frictional electricity, like in photocopying machines, and provides a bibliography.
Electricity can be generated through static or current forms. Static electricity is generated through friction, like rubbing a balloon on clothing, and can be used to pick up small pieces of paper. Current electricity involves the flow of electrons through a complete circuit with a power source. A simple circuit can be created with one bulb, battery, and wire to light the bulb. Additional components like switches, motors, and buzzers can be added to circuits. Electricity is an abstract concept that involves the conservation of current and energy transfer across components rather than use. Teaching electricity relies on analogies to explain the unseen flow of electrons.
1) The document discusses the connection between static electricity and cone-bearing trees. Cone-bearing trees secrete resin when their bark is broken, which hardens and seals wounds. This resin can fossilize over time to form amber.
2) Ancient Greeks noticed that amber could attract small bits of straw or ash when rubbed with wool or fur. They believed amber had magical properties related to this. The name they gave amber, "elektron", means "substance of the Sun".
3) By the 17th century, scientists had sparked curiosity about amber's properties. It was finally explained that amber produces static electricity when rubbed, transferring electrons between the objects.
1. It’s Electric!
Experience the physical phenomenon that has shocked scientists forcenturies! Learn how to
construct a circuitand design your own light-up wearables. Watchas goop dances under the power
of static charge. Trap electricity in a jar to carry home!
Age range: 9-12 years
Focus: Electricity and Circuits
Introduction
Have you ever heard of a man named Nikola Tesla? He was a Serbian-American scientist living in
the late 1800’s who discovered and created many of the pieces of technology we use withelectricity
today. At a time when most homes still used candles to produce light, Tesla invented an electrical
system called alternating current, which is still used today to power homes all over the world. He
was one of the greatest minds of the 20th century and his interest began when his cat rubbed
against him causing a stinging shock.Have you ever had this happen to you? The same static shock
we feel can be found in a much more amplified source of lightening. Experiments with static
discharge and lightening were some of the first attempts at understanding electricity. Today we will
be conducting experiments that use static electricity as well as completing circuits to show the path
electricity needs to take to power up technology.
Activity 1: Dancing Goop
Materials
· Balloons – 1 per child (reusable)
· Hand pump – 2 per cart
· 2 oz. portion cup with lid – 1 per child
· Toothpicks– 1 per child
· Cornstarch – 2 tbsp per child
· Water – 1 tbsp per child
· 1 cup liquid measuring cup, withspout or lip forpouring
· Large bowlfor mixing
· Spoon for mixing
Set Up
Have on your tray one balloon for each child attending along withhand pumps. Be sure to have
enough portion cups with lids and toothpicksfor each child, as well. Place in the bowl 2 tablespoon
for every child attending the party. Donot add the water yet,but measure out one tablespoon of
water forevery child attending in to the measuring cup.
Directions
1. Distribute the balloons, toothpicks,and portion cups with lids around to the guests.
2. 2. Begin pouring the water in withthe cornstarch slowly.Add it a little at a time, gauging how
the fluid is coming together.
3. Mix carefully with the spoon or with yourhands to gauge whether it has reached a non-
Newtonian state.
4. Walk around the table and pour a portion of the fluid into each portion cup forthe children
to experiment with. They can test pouring it out and putting it backin the cup.
5. Once they have had a chanceto test the properties of the non-Newtonian fluid, have guests
pump up their balloons.
6. Charge the inflated balloons by rubbing on clothes or hair.
7. Once charged, have guests place their toothpicks into the fluid, then hold up to the balloon
to watchit move.
Explanation
When you rub the balloon against your hair or clothes, you are giving it extra electrons. The
addition of these electrons gives the balloon a negative charge. Meanwhile, the cornstarch, having
identity issues overwhether to be a liquid or a solid, has a neutral charge. When something has a
negative charge it repels the electrons of other objects while attracting protons. When a neutrally
charged objectis light enough in mass, like our cornstarch, the negatively charged balloon attracts
the neutral charge towards it. Try attracting the cornstarch when it’s in the cup or bowl. Itwon’t
work.This is because it now has a heavier mass than the negatively charged balloon can pull. This is
why you need to drip the cornstarchoff of the toothpick,it means there are fewer molecules for it
to adhere to.
Non-Newtonian fluid: a liquid with flow properties whichdifferin any way from a Newtonian fluid.
Also known as a fluid that exhibits properties of a liquid and a solid. It can take the shape of vessels
and flow like a liquid, while being dense enough to not easily penetrate and can be picked up and
handled.
Static charge: the imbalance of electric charges within or on the surface of a material.
References:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HAR90LDb-Uc
http://www.stevespanglerscience.com/lab/experiments/electric-cornstarch
Activity 2: Leyden Jar
Warning: This experiment deals with discharging a static electric shockwith your hands. Be certain
to communicate to party participants that they will get shockedif they follow all the steps of the
experiments.
Materials
· Small film canister with lid – 1 per child
· Large paper clip – 1 per child
3. · Aluminum foil – 1 1.5” x 4.5” strip per child
· Double sided tape – 1 per every 2 children
· Small safety scissors – classroom set
· Water – about 2 tbsps. per child
· Dixie cups – 1 per child
· PVC pipe cut to 12 inch length – 1 per every 2 children
· Fake fur squares – 1 per every 2 children
Set Up
On a tray have enough film canisters, lids, paper clips, double sided tape, and scissors foreach child.
Pre-cutseveral large strips of aluminum foil to pass around. For the water, you willfill each Dixie
cup 1/3 of the way fullwith one cup foreach child. Have out your PVC pipes and fake fur squares.
Directions
1. Begin by talking about how in the first experiment the balloon’s negative charge wouldbe
lost over time and question how youmight keep a charge stored to use forlater. What
does this device remind you of?
2. Distribute to each child a film canister withlid, a paper clip, a cup of water, a strip of
aluminum foil, and a pair of scissors.
3. Begin by measuring out the aluminum foil needed to wrap the base of yourcanister with
and cutoff any access foil. Make sure to leave a gap between the top of the canister and
the foil, if wrapped too high this experiment willnot work.
4. Take twolong strips of double sided tape and wrap them around the body of the canister.
5. Wrap your foilstrip around the tape, pressing firmly so there is high contact between the
foil and the canister.
6. Placeyour lid on the film canister to stabilize for the next step. Begin by pulling the open
end of the paperclip outward and press it straight (fig 1). Carefully holding the film
canister in place, puncture the paperclip through the lid of the canister (fig2).
Fig 2:
Fig 1:
4. 7. Take the lid off of your jar and pour in the water. Wipe down any water that may of
transferred to the outside of the jar, it needsto bedry beforeyouproceed.Replacethe
lid on the jar, listen for the snap that it is tightly closed.
8. Take your PVCpipe in hand and begin to rub it withthe fake fur.Listen for the crackleand
pop of the static charge building.
9. After a few seconds of rubbing, run the PVCpipe across the sides of the paperclip.
10. Repeat steps 8 and 9 a few times to build up a static charge inside the Leyden jar.
11. To demonstrate that the Leyden jar has worked, wemust discharge the static electricity.
To do this wewill carefully hold the jar touching the aluminum foiland with the same
hand, toucha finger or knuckle to the paperclip. Youwill hear and feel the shock or spark
of discharge from the Leyden Jar.
Explanation
The Leyden Jar, historically, was the original form of a capacitor,or more commonly known as a
battery. It was a device made out of glass, metal, and water developed in the University of Leiden in
Germany. The science of what is happening begins with the static charge. Just like withour balloon,
we are building a negative charge on the PVCpipe. We then transfer this charge into the Leyden jar
through the paperclip. The paperclip, being metal and set at a neutral charge, conductsthis
electricity into the jar. Once inside the water stores and conducts the charge, but it stops when it
encounters the plastic walls of the insulating film canister lined with the positively charged
aluminum foil. These two barriers do not allow the electric charge to travel any further and keep
them stored inside the jar. In order forthe static charge to be released, we just introduce another
conductorto the paperclip, which in this case are our fingers. We are creating a circuit withour
hand. With one finger on the positively charged aluminum foiland one finger on the negatively
charged paperclip, we complete the circuitnecessary to discharge our stored static electricity. This
is the shock wefeel and sometimes can even see when wetouch the Leyden jar.
References:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leyden_jar#Design
http://www.magnet.fsu.edu/education/tutorials/java/leydenjar/
Activity 3: Circuitry Blocks
Materials
· Circuitry blockkit – 3 kits per cart
· 2 AA batteries
Set Up
Have enough circuitry boards available depending on the size of the party. For a party of 10, use 2
kits for groups of fiveto work on. For a party of 15, use 3 kits. For a party of 30, use six kits.
Directions
1. Discuss how a circuitsworks, see below.
2. Experiment within teams of five to make the light turn on the circuitry block.
5. Explanation
When electricity is stored within a battery cell, like our Leyden jars, it is ready to be discharged or
released into a conductor.It has what scientists call, potential energy. With our Leyden jar, our
hands acted as a conductor. Tobe a conductorto electricity a material or objectneeds to be able to
help the flow of the electric current. The opposite of a conductor is an insulator. The plastic coatings
seen on electrical wires are an example of an insulator, because they do not allow electric current to
pass through.
Using insulators and conductors we can build a circuit.What does the word circuitsound like? In
order to move the electricity fromour battery to a piece of technology we must make a circular
path forit to follow.A circuit is usually made by linking electrical components together with pieces
of wire cable. Thus, in a flashlight, there is a simple circuit witha switch,a lamp, and a battery
linked together by a few short pieces of copper wire. When you turn the switchon, electricity flows
around the circuit. If there is a break anywhere in the circuit,electricity cannot flow.If one of the
wires is broken, for example, the lamp will not light. Similarly, if the switch is turned off,no
electricity can flow.This is why a switch is sometimes called a circuit breaker.
A current of electricity is a steady flow of electrons. When electrons movefrom one place to another
they carry electrical energy with them. In order for the electrons to flow there needs to be a push
behind it called electromotive force.Our battery generates this forceand is termed in volts of how
much it can push electrons forwardin to the circuit.When electrons are pushed out of the negative
terminal of the battery, they are attracted to follow the circuitto the positive terminal where there
are less electrons stored. Along the way in our circuit we may have placed a light, whichis has a
filament inside it whichconducts those electrons till it glows white hot, producing light as a
byproduct.
References:
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics/electricity-and-magnetism/v/circuits-part-1
I recommend watchingjust the first video on circuits. The other three lessons get very highly
technical forthose training to become electricians. However the Khan Academy does give a
comprehensive overview of circuitry.There are also videos in this lesson plan that includes
information on static electricity,potential energy, voltage, and capacitance.
OR: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vK0uAW8usco BillNye,for classic science knowledge!
How light bulbs work: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-MYB8butQwQ
6. Activity 4: Light-Up Wearables
Materials
· Small safety scissors – classroom set
· Foam strips and pieces – 1 1” x 2.5” strip per child
· Alligator clips – 1 per child
· Decoration (feathers, sequins, stickers, etc.)
· Pipe cleaners – 1 per child
· CR2032 button battery – 1 per child
· 5 mm LEDlight – 1 per child
Set Up
Placeon yourtray one button battery, one LEDlight, one strip of craft foam, and one alligator clip
per every child attending the party. On a second tray have decorations to be shared between every
twoparticipants.
Directions
1. Begin by making observations of the battery. Doyou see the plus and negative sign? How do
we think this battery is similar to our Leyden jar? How is it different?
2. Test the LEDlight against the battery. What does it take to make the light turn on? Which
“leg” of the LED should be touching whichside of the battery?
3. Once determined, longer leg to positive side, sandwich yourbattery and LED with the small
strip of craft foam.Take the alligator clipto hold the battery and light in place.
4. We now have a circuitand base for our light-up wearable. Kids may now decorate using the
stickers and other materials.
5. Once decorated youmay either clip the battery and light comboon to a child’s shirt or string
a pipe cleaner through the clip’s open wires to make a bracelet or ring.
Explanation
As weexperimented with the circuitry boards, we are creating another circuit.This time the circuit
is smaller, as the anode and cathode of the LEDconduct the flow of electrons in and out of the light.
Our insulator is the electrical tape. The light will stay on for as long as there is stored energy in the
battery and the legs of the LEDare touching the correct terminals.