Stanford University has an extensive Transportation Demand Management (TDM) program to reduce single-occupancy vehicle trips and encourage sustainable transportation options like public transit, biking, and carpooling. The TDM program includes shuttle services, parking policies, commute subsidies, and rideshare resources. It has been successful, decreasing the drive-alone rate from 72% in 2002 to 45.5% in 2011 for employees. This reduction in parking demand avoided an estimated $107.8 million in construction costs for new parking facilities. The TDM program emphasizes environmental sustainability, community relations, employee well-being, and reducing investment in parking.

1. Transportation
Demand Management
at Stanford University
A Brief Overview
August 17, 2013

2. TDM
Transportation Demand Management is
the application of strategies and policies
to reduce travel demand (specifically of
single-occupancy private vehicles), or to
redistribute this demand in space or in
time.

3. Importance of TDM at Stanford
 Environmental Sustainability
- Climate change
- Air quality
- Resource conservation
 Community Relations
- Traffic (GUP) and neighborhood parking
- Public service (Marguerite)
 Employee Well Being
- Stress reduction
- Increased exercise
- Financial rewards
 Reduce Investment in Parking

4. TDM Program
 Extensive shuttle
 Parking fee
program
 Emergency ride
home
 Freshman “no cars”
 Transit information
 Rideshare matching
 Bicycle program
 Pre-tax transit pass
+ commuter checks
 Eco Pass/Go Pass
 Charter services
 Commute planning
 Car rental: hourly—
half-day
 Carsharing
 East Bay Express
 Commute Club
 Work shift mgt.
 Personal outreach
 Promotions / events
 Extensive website

5. Commute Club Program
 Clean Air Cash
($300/year) and other
incentives
 Carpool permit
 Vanpool subsidies
 Reserved parking
spaces for
carpools/vanpools
 Complimentary daily
parking passes for
carpoolers
 Rewards for
recruiting members
 12 free hours of car
rental
 Transit subsidy
 Purchase eight daily
permits per month
 Entries into regular
prize drawings
 Members only gifts
 “Love Stories,”
Commute Heroes,
“Picture My
Commute,” “Pain at
the Pump”

6. MargueriteFleet
32 to 38
passenger
Diesel Electric
Hybrid = 5
32 to 37
passenger
Diesel
Transit = 21
28 to 30
passenger
Diesel
Shuttle = 19
14 to 16
passenger
Diesel
Sprinter = 9

7. Marguerite Fleet
Three electric buses due this week

8. Promote: Campaigns
Posters

9. Promote: Campaigns
Postcards

10. Promote: Campaigns

11. Promote: Campaigns

18. Metrics
 Annual trip counts (3,474 am, 3,591 pm)
 Campus commute mode survey
 Commute Club/carpool participation
 Parking permit sales
 Campus parking demand
 Marguerite shuttle ridership
 Commuter VMT/carbon footprint
 Program costs
 Parking construction costs avoided

19. 72.0%
65.1% 62.8%
57.8% 54.4% 51.9% 50.3%
46.0% 48.0% 45.5% 46.8%
41.9%
4.0%
9.7% 11.5%
14.3%
15.8% 17.7% 19.9%
21.2% 19.1% 21.0% 21.1%
23.6%
7.0% 9.2% 9.5%
9.9%
10.3% 11.8% 11.2%
13.1% 12.8% 12.7% 12.3%
13.9%
10.0% 9.1% 9.6%
9.7% 10.0% 9.4% 9.3% 9.5% 10.2% 9.8% 9.2% 8.4%
4.0% 2.8% 2.9% 4.2% 4.8% 4.9% 5.1% 6.2% 5.9% 7.3% 6.9% 7.5%
2.0% 2.3% 1.8% 2.2% 2.8% 2.9% 2.7% 2.6% 2.6% 2.7% 2.7% 3.1%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009* 2010 2011 2012 2013
Vanpool
Other
Walk
Marg/Bus
Carpool
Bicycle
Caltrain
Drive Alone
University Mode Split

20. 72.0%
65.1%
62.8%
57.8%
54.4%
51.9% 51.3%
48.0%
45.5% 46.8%
41.9%
59.6% 58.6%
54.0%
49.7%
47.5%
45.9%
41.5%
39.3%
40.6%
36.9%
33.6% 33.4%
32.3%
30.2% 29.5% 28.9%
26.2%
24.8%
26.0%
23.6%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2010 2011 2012 2013
University
employees
All university
commuters
Entire university
population
(incl. residents)
University Drive Alone Rates

21. 3,673
3,841
4,077
4,533
6,144
6,727
7,191
8,096
7,730
8,057
8,306 8,214
2,416 2,550 2,581
2,794
4,114
4,650
5,264
6,156
5,953
6,231
6,883 6,968
1,288 1,330
1,541
1,789
2,129 2,177
2,010 2,039
1,861 1,946
1,528
1,309
‐
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
FY01‐02 FY02‐03 FY03‐04 FY04‐05 FY05‐06 FY06‐07 FY07‐08 FY08‐09 FY09‐10 FY10‐11 FY11‐12 FY 12‐13*
Commute Club
members
Clean Air Cash
recipients
Carpoolers
Commute Club Membership
*Sept.‐May only

22. 0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Commuter CO2 Emissions (metric tons)

23. 20,710
20,790
22,325
22,127
21,810
21,543
20,750
20,362
20,475
20,285
20,655
17,785
17,087
17,471
17,649
17,029
16,849
16,490
16,059
15,677
15,494
16,635
86%
82% 78% 80% 78% 78% 79% 79% 77%
76%
81%
21,992 22,241
22,689 22,741
21,512 21,577
20,625
18,948 19,105 19,360
19,711
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
2001‐02 2002‐03 2003‐04 2004‐05 2005‐06 2006‐07 2007‐08 2008‐09 2009‐10 2010‐11 2011‐12
Parking Inventory/Utilization
Feb. 15 parking permit snapshot
Student population
Staff population
Faculty population
Parking inventory
Occupied spaces
Active permits
(except CRT, PZ, SH, new Z)

24. Parking Construction Avoided
Group Drive alone rates
Employees 2002 = 72% 2011 = 45.5%
Grad Students 2004 = 51.6% 2011 = 28%
Postdocs 2003 = 46% 2011 = 21%
Parking spaces not constructed due to drop in parking demand:
3,172
Construction cost avoided: 3,172 x $34,000/space =
$107,848,000

25. http://transportation.stanford.edu
Brodie Hamilton
Director
Parking & Transportation Services
650.723.5815
brodie.hamilton@stanford.edu