This document discusses the importance of creating an overall design or "grand design" when developing or modifying enterprise information systems. It states that the grand design should include clarifying the overall configuration and operating conditions of both existing systems and any new systems being developed. The grand design is important for optimizing the quality and performance of the entire system, even when adding to or renovating existing systems, rather than building entirely new systems from scratch.
The role of Information System is very significant in today’s competitive environment for the sake of protecting the core capability of any company. Information System helps the official stakeholders of the organization by providing them reliable updates and helps the industries where immediate updates are very crucial; some of these industries are travelling services, stock exchange, banking and the like. Almost all the companies are now investing in to Information System in order to reap the core benefits that it offers. However, these investments do not always end up be reaping benefits; risk is definitely involved in this case and ‘failures’ are unfortunately a part of this very field. Researchers have tried to come up with the major causes for these failures; even academicians have put in their efforts to do so. However, none of them has been able to resolve this complex mystery.
The document discusses business modeling and how modeling systems can help businesses redesign processes to cut costs. It states that a business model must be adaptable to changing customer needs and priorities. The modeling system allows businesses to link IT systems to organizational information and processes in a relational way to facilitate redesigning processes.
Learning outcomes of system analysis and design and.pptxSanad Bhowmik
System analysis and design refers to examining a business situation to improve procedures and methods through better computerized information systems. It provides structure for analyzing and designing information systems and involves a series of processes to systematically improve a business. The learning outcomes include being able to define system concepts, develop information systems using various problem-solving tools, write requirements and specifications, and work in groups on system development projects.
The document provides an overview of a 7-step process for building an information system. The 7 steps are: 1) Identify and list stakeholders, 2) Identify and list actors, 3) Identify and list use cases, 4) Identify and list scenarios, 5) Identify and list steps, 6) Identify and list classes/objects, and 7) Manage work products. It describes each step in the process, including defining stakeholders, actors, use cases, scenarios, and mapping analysis to design. The process emphasizes discovery, iteration, and developing a shared understanding between stakeholders.
The document discusses system analysis and development models. It describes the need for system analysis from various points of view like system objectives, boundaries, importance, etc. It then explains the key stages in system analysis like system study, feasibility study, system analysis, system design, coding, testing, implementation and maintenance. It also discusses various system analysis tools like data flow diagrams, decision tables, etc.
01. Birta L. G., Arbez G. - Modelling and Simulation_ (2007).pdfAftaZani1
This document provides an overview and introduction to the textbook "Modelling and Simulation: Exploring Dynamic System Behaviour" by Louis G. Birta and Gilbert Arbez. The textbook aims to provide a practical introduction to modelling and simulation of both discrete-event and continuous-time dynamic systems. It takes a project-oriented perspective and introduces an activity-based conceptual modelling framework called ABCmod to describe system structure and behavior at the conceptual level, prior to implementation. The textbook is intended for senior undergraduate and graduate students interested in learning modelling and simulation methodology.
The document discusses the roles and responsibilities of a business analyst. It explains that a business analyst serves as a bridge between clients and technical teams by understanding client needs, documenting requirements, overseeing project timelines, and ensuring completed systems meet specifications. The business analyst must understand both business and technical aspects of projects to effectively communicate between parties.
The role of Information System is very significant in today’s competitive environment for the sake of protecting the core capability of any company. Information System helps the official stakeholders of the organization by providing them reliable updates and helps the industries where immediate updates are very crucial; some of these industries are travelling services, stock exchange, banking and the like. Almost all the companies are now investing in to Information System in order to reap the core benefits that it offers. However, these investments do not always end up be reaping benefits; risk is definitely involved in this case and ‘failures’ are unfortunately a part of this very field. Researchers have tried to come up with the major causes for these failures; even academicians have put in their efforts to do so. However, none of them has been able to resolve this complex mystery.
The document discusses business modeling and how modeling systems can help businesses redesign processes to cut costs. It states that a business model must be adaptable to changing customer needs and priorities. The modeling system allows businesses to link IT systems to organizational information and processes in a relational way to facilitate redesigning processes.
Learning outcomes of system analysis and design and.pptxSanad Bhowmik
System analysis and design refers to examining a business situation to improve procedures and methods through better computerized information systems. It provides structure for analyzing and designing information systems and involves a series of processes to systematically improve a business. The learning outcomes include being able to define system concepts, develop information systems using various problem-solving tools, write requirements and specifications, and work in groups on system development projects.
The document provides an overview of a 7-step process for building an information system. The 7 steps are: 1) Identify and list stakeholders, 2) Identify and list actors, 3) Identify and list use cases, 4) Identify and list scenarios, 5) Identify and list steps, 6) Identify and list classes/objects, and 7) Manage work products. It describes each step in the process, including defining stakeholders, actors, use cases, scenarios, and mapping analysis to design. The process emphasizes discovery, iteration, and developing a shared understanding between stakeholders.
The document discusses system analysis and development models. It describes the need for system analysis from various points of view like system objectives, boundaries, importance, etc. It then explains the key stages in system analysis like system study, feasibility study, system analysis, system design, coding, testing, implementation and maintenance. It also discusses various system analysis tools like data flow diagrams, decision tables, etc.
01. Birta L. G., Arbez G. - Modelling and Simulation_ (2007).pdfAftaZani1
This document provides an overview and introduction to the textbook "Modelling and Simulation: Exploring Dynamic System Behaviour" by Louis G. Birta and Gilbert Arbez. The textbook aims to provide a practical introduction to modelling and simulation of both discrete-event and continuous-time dynamic systems. It takes a project-oriented perspective and introduces an activity-based conceptual modelling framework called ABCmod to describe system structure and behavior at the conceptual level, prior to implementation. The textbook is intended for senior undergraduate and graduate students interested in learning modelling and simulation methodology.
The document discusses the roles and responsibilities of a business analyst. It explains that a business analyst serves as a bridge between clients and technical teams by understanding client needs, documenting requirements, overseeing project timelines, and ensuring completed systems meet specifications. The business analyst must understand both business and technical aspects of projects to effectively communicate between parties.
The document discusses a business analysis project for Lowmill Corporation where the maintenance department needs reorganization from a physical and systematic level as they are unable to provide data on failing production equipment. A new system is needed to understand high failure production areas so the engineering department can improve equipment uptime and maximize manufacturing capacity. The paper will analyze the business process related to Lowmill's maintenance department issues.
System Analysis and Design Project documentationMAHERMOHAMED27
this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is
This document provides an overview of software construction. It begins with definitions of software construction and discusses why the construction phase is important. It describes the key activities in construction as developing the design model and implementation. The document focuses on developing the design model, including ensuring traceability to the analysis model and adapting the design for the implementation environment. It provides examples from a sample recycling machine system to illustrate traceability between models and handling inheritance and associations in the design model.
This document discusses systems analysis and design (SAD) and the system development life cycle (SDLC). It defines SAD as the process of understanding and specifying an information system's requirements and designing how the system will be implemented. SDLC refers to the stages a system goes through from planning to retirement. The document compares different systems development methodologies like waterfall, prototyping, and spiral models, outlining their advantages and disadvantages. It also discusses techniques for managing development projects.
The System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a conceptual model used in project management that describes stages in developing an information system project. It includes planning, analysis, design, implementation, and maintenance phases. During planning and analysis, requirements are defined and the system is evaluated. In design, options are considered and blueprints are developed. Implementation involves completing tasks such as testing. Maintenance provides ongoing support and improvements. The SDLC provides an organized process to develop systems efficiently and meet user needs.
The document discusses various approaches to system analysis including waterfall, prototyping, rapid application development, and agile methods. It describes the typical phases of system analysis as planning, analysis, design, implementation, and support/maintenance. Key aspects of requirements analysis are covered such as information discovery techniques like interviews, questionnaires, and joint application design sessions. The benefits and shortcomings of different system analysis methodologies are also summarized.
This document provides an introduction to system analysis and design. It discusses key concepts such as:
- The phases of the system development life cycle include preliminary study, feasibility study, analysis, design, coding, testing, implementation, and maintenance.
- System analysis involves studying current business processes, identifying problems, and recommending solutions.
- System design converts the logical design from analysis into a physical design, determining system inputs, outputs, and processing.
This document provides guidance on estimating the effort required for a software development project. It discusses estimating human effort by rating functions as easy, medium, hard, or complex and assigning effort estimates in days. Additional activities like analysis, design, and testing are estimated as percentages of the build effort. Hardware requirements like processor power, disk space, and RAM are also addressed at a high level. The overall message is that project estimation is imprecise but essential, and estimates should be revisited regularly as more information becomes available.
Keene Systems latest whitepaper release simplifies the process of planning a software project by comparing it with the phases of building a house. To simplify it even further, Keene also developed a clever infographic that visually walks the viewer through the 10 step process with a conversation between a construction worker and a programmer.
System analysis and design involves developing a complete information system including hardware, software, people, procedures, and data. System analysis is the process of understanding the current system by collecting data, analyzing processes, and identifying problems and improvements. System design develops the new system based on requirements and analysis, proceeding from general design to detailed design. Tools like flowcharts, data flow diagrams, and structured English are used to describe the system design.
The document provides details about a Canteen Management System project, including its objectives, scope, and design considerations. The key points are:
1. The project aims to develop a computerized system to manage canteen activities like recording user details and transactions in order to simplify tasks, reduce paperwork, and provide reports.
2. The system design focuses on making the interface user-friendly, automating processes, improving accuracy, and making data easily available.
3. Input, output, file, and procedure designs are discussed to optimize data entry and processing while minimizing errors and delays. Database design and testing plans are also covered.
This document describes a project for automating a book store's inventory system. It begins with an acknowledgment section thanking those who provided guidance. It then includes an introduction outlining the problems with a manual system and benefits of an automated one. The document outlines the proposed automated system's requirements, design, source code, testing, and possibilities for future enhancements. The system is intended to allow easy searching and purchase of books in a store's inventory database.
This document provides an overview of systems analysis and design. It discusses the key phases of the systems development life cycle including planning, analysis, design, and implementation. It also describes various structured analysis tools used during the analysis phase like data flow diagrams, data dictionaries, and decision tables. The document outlines different design strategies and techniques for input, output, and forms design. It emphasizes the importance of testing and quality assurance activities.
Workshop on Basics of Software Engineering (DFD, UML and Project Culture)Dr Sukhpal Singh Gill
Three days workshop on Basics of Software Engineering at Thapar University, Patiala on 7th-9th, 2013. Workshop on Basics of Software Engineering (DFD, UML and Project Culture)
The document describes a proposed login system project for a college. It discusses the objectives of the project which are to simplify tasks, reduce paperwork, provide training to users, and automate the existing manual system. It describes the system design process including output, input, file, procedure, and control design. It also discusses database design, implementation planning, testing, interfaces, and documentation. The input design section covers elements of input data like source documents and guidelines to control data amount, avoid delays and errors, and keep the input process simple. The output design section notes the importance of output presentation and discusses types of application and operating outputs.
Architecture of Object Oriented Software EngineeringSandesh Jonchhe
The document describes the architecture of object-oriented system engineering (OOSE). It discusses 5 main models used in OOSE: the requirements model, analysis model, design model, implementation model, and test model. Each model focuses on a different aspect of system development, from capturing user requirements to implementing and testing the system. The analysis model aims to structure the system into a robust object model, while the design model refines this for the implementation environment. Traceability between the models allows changes to propagate through the system architecture.
The document discusses software engineering and provides definitions and classifications of software. It defines software as a set of programs and documentation that activate hardware to perform tasks. Software is classified as generic or customized and described in categories such as system software, business software, design software, embedded software, and artificial intelligence. The roles and skills of a system analyst/software engineer are also outlined, including technical skills like analysis, design, and project management as well as interpersonal skills. Finally, the document discusses the system development life cycle (SDLC) process.
The document discusses system engineering and requirements engineering for software systems. It covers topics such as:
1) The hierarchy of system elements including software, hardware, people, databases, documentation and procedures.
2) The requirements engineering process including inception, elicitation, elaboration, negotiation, specification and validation.
3) Techniques for eliciting requirements such as use cases, scenarios, interviews and collaborative requirements gathering meetings.
The document discusses system engineering and requirements engineering processes. It provides details on:
1) The hierarchy of system modeling which defines processes, represents behavior and inputs/outputs, and links components.
2) Business process engineering which focuses on enterprise goals and creates models and process frameworks.
3) Requirements engineering processes like elicitation, analysis, negotiation and validation to understand customer needs and agree on deliverables.
Northern Engraving | Modern Metal Trim, Nameplates and Appliance PanelsNorthern Engraving
What began over 115 years ago as a supplier of precision gauges to the automotive industry has evolved into being an industry leader in the manufacture of product branding, automotive cockpit trim and decorative appliance trim. Value-added services include in-house Design, Engineering, Program Management, Test Lab and Tool Shops.
inQuba Webinar Mastering Customer Journey Management with Dr Graham HillLizaNolte
HERE IS YOUR WEBINAR CONTENT! 'Mastering Customer Journey Management with Dr. Graham Hill'. We hope you find the webinar recording both insightful and enjoyable.
In this webinar, we explored essential aspects of Customer Journey Management and personalization. Here’s a summary of the key insights and topics discussed:
Key Takeaways:
Understanding the Customer Journey: Dr. Hill emphasized the importance of mapping and understanding the complete customer journey to identify touchpoints and opportunities for improvement.
Personalization Strategies: We discussed how to leverage data and insights to create personalized experiences that resonate with customers.
Technology Integration: Insights were shared on how inQuba’s advanced technology can streamline customer interactions and drive operational efficiency.
The document discusses a business analysis project for Lowmill Corporation where the maintenance department needs reorganization from a physical and systematic level as they are unable to provide data on failing production equipment. A new system is needed to understand high failure production areas so the engineering department can improve equipment uptime and maximize manufacturing capacity. The paper will analyze the business process related to Lowmill's maintenance department issues.
System Analysis and Design Project documentationMAHERMOHAMED27
this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is this is
This document provides an overview of software construction. It begins with definitions of software construction and discusses why the construction phase is important. It describes the key activities in construction as developing the design model and implementation. The document focuses on developing the design model, including ensuring traceability to the analysis model and adapting the design for the implementation environment. It provides examples from a sample recycling machine system to illustrate traceability between models and handling inheritance and associations in the design model.
This document discusses systems analysis and design (SAD) and the system development life cycle (SDLC). It defines SAD as the process of understanding and specifying an information system's requirements and designing how the system will be implemented. SDLC refers to the stages a system goes through from planning to retirement. The document compares different systems development methodologies like waterfall, prototyping, and spiral models, outlining their advantages and disadvantages. It also discusses techniques for managing development projects.
The System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a conceptual model used in project management that describes stages in developing an information system project. It includes planning, analysis, design, implementation, and maintenance phases. During planning and analysis, requirements are defined and the system is evaluated. In design, options are considered and blueprints are developed. Implementation involves completing tasks such as testing. Maintenance provides ongoing support and improvements. The SDLC provides an organized process to develop systems efficiently and meet user needs.
The document discusses various approaches to system analysis including waterfall, prototyping, rapid application development, and agile methods. It describes the typical phases of system analysis as planning, analysis, design, implementation, and support/maintenance. Key aspects of requirements analysis are covered such as information discovery techniques like interviews, questionnaires, and joint application design sessions. The benefits and shortcomings of different system analysis methodologies are also summarized.
This document provides an introduction to system analysis and design. It discusses key concepts such as:
- The phases of the system development life cycle include preliminary study, feasibility study, analysis, design, coding, testing, implementation, and maintenance.
- System analysis involves studying current business processes, identifying problems, and recommending solutions.
- System design converts the logical design from analysis into a physical design, determining system inputs, outputs, and processing.
This document provides guidance on estimating the effort required for a software development project. It discusses estimating human effort by rating functions as easy, medium, hard, or complex and assigning effort estimates in days. Additional activities like analysis, design, and testing are estimated as percentages of the build effort. Hardware requirements like processor power, disk space, and RAM are also addressed at a high level. The overall message is that project estimation is imprecise but essential, and estimates should be revisited regularly as more information becomes available.
Keene Systems latest whitepaper release simplifies the process of planning a software project by comparing it with the phases of building a house. To simplify it even further, Keene also developed a clever infographic that visually walks the viewer through the 10 step process with a conversation between a construction worker and a programmer.
System analysis and design involves developing a complete information system including hardware, software, people, procedures, and data. System analysis is the process of understanding the current system by collecting data, analyzing processes, and identifying problems and improvements. System design develops the new system based on requirements and analysis, proceeding from general design to detailed design. Tools like flowcharts, data flow diagrams, and structured English are used to describe the system design.
The document provides details about a Canteen Management System project, including its objectives, scope, and design considerations. The key points are:
1. The project aims to develop a computerized system to manage canteen activities like recording user details and transactions in order to simplify tasks, reduce paperwork, and provide reports.
2. The system design focuses on making the interface user-friendly, automating processes, improving accuracy, and making data easily available.
3. Input, output, file, and procedure designs are discussed to optimize data entry and processing while minimizing errors and delays. Database design and testing plans are also covered.
This document describes a project for automating a book store's inventory system. It begins with an acknowledgment section thanking those who provided guidance. It then includes an introduction outlining the problems with a manual system and benefits of an automated one. The document outlines the proposed automated system's requirements, design, source code, testing, and possibilities for future enhancements. The system is intended to allow easy searching and purchase of books in a store's inventory database.
This document provides an overview of systems analysis and design. It discusses the key phases of the systems development life cycle including planning, analysis, design, and implementation. It also describes various structured analysis tools used during the analysis phase like data flow diagrams, data dictionaries, and decision tables. The document outlines different design strategies and techniques for input, output, and forms design. It emphasizes the importance of testing and quality assurance activities.
Workshop on Basics of Software Engineering (DFD, UML and Project Culture)Dr Sukhpal Singh Gill
Three days workshop on Basics of Software Engineering at Thapar University, Patiala on 7th-9th, 2013. Workshop on Basics of Software Engineering (DFD, UML and Project Culture)
The document describes a proposed login system project for a college. It discusses the objectives of the project which are to simplify tasks, reduce paperwork, provide training to users, and automate the existing manual system. It describes the system design process including output, input, file, procedure, and control design. It also discusses database design, implementation planning, testing, interfaces, and documentation. The input design section covers elements of input data like source documents and guidelines to control data amount, avoid delays and errors, and keep the input process simple. The output design section notes the importance of output presentation and discusses types of application and operating outputs.
Architecture of Object Oriented Software EngineeringSandesh Jonchhe
The document describes the architecture of object-oriented system engineering (OOSE). It discusses 5 main models used in OOSE: the requirements model, analysis model, design model, implementation model, and test model. Each model focuses on a different aspect of system development, from capturing user requirements to implementing and testing the system. The analysis model aims to structure the system into a robust object model, while the design model refines this for the implementation environment. Traceability between the models allows changes to propagate through the system architecture.
The document discusses software engineering and provides definitions and classifications of software. It defines software as a set of programs and documentation that activate hardware to perform tasks. Software is classified as generic or customized and described in categories such as system software, business software, design software, embedded software, and artificial intelligence. The roles and skills of a system analyst/software engineer are also outlined, including technical skills like analysis, design, and project management as well as interpersonal skills. Finally, the document discusses the system development life cycle (SDLC) process.
The document discusses system engineering and requirements engineering for software systems. It covers topics such as:
1) The hierarchy of system elements including software, hardware, people, databases, documentation and procedures.
2) The requirements engineering process including inception, elicitation, elaboration, negotiation, specification and validation.
3) Techniques for eliciting requirements such as use cases, scenarios, interviews and collaborative requirements gathering meetings.
The document discusses system engineering and requirements engineering processes. It provides details on:
1) The hierarchy of system modeling which defines processes, represents behavior and inputs/outputs, and links components.
2) Business process engineering which focuses on enterprise goals and creates models and process frameworks.
3) Requirements engineering processes like elicitation, analysis, negotiation and validation to understand customer needs and agree on deliverables.
Northern Engraving | Modern Metal Trim, Nameplates and Appliance PanelsNorthern Engraving
What began over 115 years ago as a supplier of precision gauges to the automotive industry has evolved into being an industry leader in the manufacture of product branding, automotive cockpit trim and decorative appliance trim. Value-added services include in-house Design, Engineering, Program Management, Test Lab and Tool Shops.
inQuba Webinar Mastering Customer Journey Management with Dr Graham HillLizaNolte
HERE IS YOUR WEBINAR CONTENT! 'Mastering Customer Journey Management with Dr. Graham Hill'. We hope you find the webinar recording both insightful and enjoyable.
In this webinar, we explored essential aspects of Customer Journey Management and personalization. Here’s a summary of the key insights and topics discussed:
Key Takeaways:
Understanding the Customer Journey: Dr. Hill emphasized the importance of mapping and understanding the complete customer journey to identify touchpoints and opportunities for improvement.
Personalization Strategies: We discussed how to leverage data and insights to create personalized experiences that resonate with customers.
Technology Integration: Insights were shared on how inQuba’s advanced technology can streamline customer interactions and drive operational efficiency.
Conversational agents, or chatbots, are increasingly used to access all sorts of services using natural language. While open-domain chatbots - like ChatGPT - can converse on any topic, task-oriented chatbots - the focus of this paper - are designed for specific tasks, like booking a flight, obtaining customer support, or setting an appointment. Like any other software, task-oriented chatbots need to be properly tested, usually by defining and executing test scenarios (i.e., sequences of user-chatbot interactions). However, there is currently a lack of methods to quantify the completeness and strength of such test scenarios, which can lead to low-quality tests, and hence to buggy chatbots.
To fill this gap, we propose adapting mutation testing (MuT) for task-oriented chatbots. To this end, we introduce a set of mutation operators that emulate faults in chatbot designs, an architecture that enables MuT on chatbots built using heterogeneous technologies, and a practical realisation as an Eclipse plugin. Moreover, we evaluate the applicability, effectiveness and efficiency of our approach on open-source chatbots, with promising results.
Northern Engraving | Nameplate Manufacturing Process - 2024Northern Engraving
Manufacturing custom quality metal nameplates and badges involves several standard operations. Processes include sheet prep, lithography, screening, coating, punch press and inspection. All decoration is completed in the flat sheet with adhesive and tooling operations following. The possibilities for creating unique durable nameplates are endless. How will you create your brand identity? We can help!
Discover top-tier mobile app development services, offering innovative solutions for iOS and Android. Enhance your business with custom, user-friendly mobile applications.
High performance Serverless Java on AWS- GoTo Amsterdam 2024Vadym Kazulkin
Java is for many years one of the most popular programming languages, but it used to have hard times in the Serverless community. Java is known for its high cold start times and high memory footprint, comparing to other programming languages like Node.js and Python. In this talk I'll look at the general best practices and techniques we can use to decrease memory consumption, cold start times for Java Serverless development on AWS including GraalVM (Native Image) and AWS own offering SnapStart based on Firecracker microVM snapshot and restore and CRaC (Coordinated Restore at Checkpoint) runtime hooks. I'll also provide a lot of benchmarking on Lambda functions trying out various deployment package sizes, Lambda memory settings, Java compilation options and HTTP (a)synchronous clients and measure their impact on cold and warm start times.
Essentials of Automations: Exploring Attributes & Automation ParametersSafe Software
Building automations in FME Flow can save time, money, and help businesses scale by eliminating data silos and providing data to stakeholders in real-time. One essential component to orchestrating complex automations is the use of attributes & automation parameters (both formerly known as “keys”). In fact, it’s unlikely you’ll ever build an Automation without using these components, but what exactly are they?
Attributes & automation parameters enable the automation author to pass data values from one automation component to the next. During this webinar, our FME Flow Specialists will cover leveraging the three types of these output attributes & parameters in FME Flow: Event, Custom, and Automation. As a bonus, they’ll also be making use of the Split-Merge Block functionality.
You’ll leave this webinar with a better understanding of how to maximize the potential of automations by making use of attributes & automation parameters, with the ultimate goal of setting your enterprise integration workflows up on autopilot.
LF Energy Webinar: Carbon Data Specifications: Mechanisms to Improve Data Acc...DanBrown980551
This LF Energy webinar took place June 20, 2024. It featured:
-Alex Thornton, LF Energy
-Hallie Cramer, Google
-Daniel Roesler, UtilityAPI
-Henry Richardson, WattTime
In response to the urgency and scale required to effectively address climate change, open source solutions offer significant potential for driving innovation and progress. Currently, there is a growing demand for standardization and interoperability in energy data and modeling. Open source standards and specifications within the energy sector can also alleviate challenges associated with data fragmentation, transparency, and accessibility. At the same time, it is crucial to consider privacy and security concerns throughout the development of open source platforms.
This webinar will delve into the motivations behind establishing LF Energy’s Carbon Data Specification Consortium. It will provide an overview of the draft specifications and the ongoing progress made by the respective working groups.
Three primary specifications will be discussed:
-Discovery and client registration, emphasizing transparent processes and secure and private access
-Customer data, centering around customer tariffs, bills, energy usage, and full consumption disclosure
-Power systems data, focusing on grid data, inclusive of transmission and distribution networks, generation, intergrid power flows, and market settlement data
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20100929 nc granddesign
1. "design matters" is common
to all countries. So let's try to
be more creative.
Nikkei Computer 2010.9.29
Satoe Kuwahara
Sapporo Sparkle k.k.
2. "design matters" is common to all countries. So let's try to be more creative.
The editorial made a specific suggestion in "Aiming for real architect" issued on August 18, 2010
that "we need to now focus on the grand design(overall picture of business and system)" . In this
series, we look at the methodology of the grand design and introduce some actual cases. Satoe
Kuwahara, system coordinator of Sapporo Sparkle who has been working in system design long
time expounds the methodology and the theory of the grand design.
Q. What is the grand design for enterprise information system?
The most important thing to make the grand design is "to create the overall picture of system to
be develop". It should include all the thing related to the system to be built.
First, you should examine both the system to be developed and the existing system carefully in
order to clarify the real picture of the system that meets user's requirements. After this process is
completed, you will start to develop "system design in operation". It is very important not only to
design functions of the system, but also design the operating and using state of the system. This
is a key factor for the success of creating the grand design. The grand design is provided by ar-
chitect, and the architect creates "complete picture of the system" in other words, the operating
condition of the system, and clarifies "configuration of the system".
Clarifying the overall picture and configuration of the system.
Clarifying the configuration of system is restated as follows: "clarifying the component and opera-
tion condition of the system". So the architect describes both operation and using state of the sys-
tem, and clarifies hierarchical structure from the logical(using state) to physical(execution and de-
velopment unit) for the system platform including actual business, application software and mid-
dleware, and defines the mutual relationship between each component and each hierarchy level.
It sounds a bit difficult but it's not complicated as it may sound. We work on the development in
the following order. We first clarify the final state of the system to be achieved, and then consider
what we need to do to it. The points of system development are "imagination" and to image the
operating state of the system with "reality". These two are the most important basics of all.
Q. It is natural to create the overall picture of the system when you develop a system
from scratch. However, there is not much call for this kind of project these day.
Actually, there is very little chance that you develop a system from scratch. However on the other
hand, there is also very few system that is not related any other system. Backbone system that
supports the value chain of the company is operated with the systems within and outside of the
company. In other words, one business process crosses the multiple systems. From the viewpoint
of the business process, it is quite natural that multiple systems work together. Conversely, from
the viewpoint of each system, it is natural that multiple business processes are closely related to
other systems. Therefore, we need to develop a new system carefully, and to integrate with the
existing systems. Even the system is added more than once and becomes a hodgepodge of
states and collection of various function, there still is an overall picture of the system. The all de-
liverables of the project is crystallized in the overall picture.
Trying to optimize the overall picture
An overall picture of system is changed by the business environment and the technologies ap-
plied. It is not always possible to develop a system from scratch, in some cases, you have no oth-
er choice than to add to or renovate the existing system. So we may not always have ideal cir-
cumstances for the system development. Therefore it is very important to optimize the quality of
the overall picture of system in accordance with the situations faced. In other words, the overall
picture should be matched with the current situation and future plan of the system. In order to
keep the updated and most suitable system for your company, it is necessary not only to improve
the system to maintain the performance but also review the overall system design and technical
specifications at an appropriate time. Examining the role and direction of the company, creating
the overall picture of the system that meets the requirements of the company and realizing the
2 Sapporo Sparkle k.k.
3. "design matters" is common to all countries. So let's try to be more creative.
development plan, these are the roles of the architect or designer who draws the grand design of
system. As I already mentioned above about the system transition, the architect draws "the over-
all picture showing operating state of the system", and so naturally it includes the making the plan
of system transition. The grand design is not only for the system development from a scratch, it is
necessary for any type of project including adding and updating the system and applying packag-
es or cloud computing.
Q. "Making the overall picture of operating state for both existing system and system to
be developed" sounds right, but it may be difficult to be accepted by ordering party.
"The essence of focusing on design in system development" is "thinking every possibility " and
"try all kinds of measures ". Expressing it in another way, focusing on what methodology should
be used in the project is actually not the essence of focusin on design.
Examining and considering whether or not "the current state is good enough".
It is very important to consider whether or not "the current state of the system is good enough" ,
and to study the requirements and the value of the system to be developed. These consideration
and study are needed to done before making future decision about the planning and designing of
the system. Considering the cost issues of the system by taking the responding to a system fail-
ure and a change for examples. "Making the overall picture of the system to be developed simple"
is common solution for these kind of issues. From this point of view, the technological require-
ments for the system to be developed and issues to be addressed with the project is clarified. The
scope of the project includes to meet the requirements the system to be developed and the over-
all system.
3 Sapporo Sparkle k.k.
4. "design matters" is common to all countries. So let's try to be more creative.
Q. Is it natural to consider about the relationship between the existing systems and the
system to be develop when you develop a new system?
Of course, it is natural to consider about the relationship between them, because the systems will
not work properly without the consideration of the relationship. So therefore it is very important to
establish the appropriate linkage between the existing and new systems. However even if you
develop the system in this manner, there may be some problems in the systems. There may be
some detours in the system, heavy workload on the existing systems and no flexibility for the sys-
tems due to the inappropriate arrangement of the systems.
Improving "the system quality in the broad sense"
It would be enough to add a new system and ensure the relationship with the existing system, you
just add or build the functions that meet user's requirements. Systems usually and always work in
combination, and therefore "the system quality in the broad sense" including functionality, efficien-
cy and capability, reliability and flexibility is determined and evaluated by the performance of the
overall system. therefore it is very important to use of inventiveness to develop the system that
supports the business. Accumulating the requirements of the function doesn't lead to an overall
picture of system you intended. The point is how to build the structure of the overall system. In
order to achieve a good balance between competing goals; providing the requirements and cost
and time reduction, it is important to use both the technology and ingenuity. "Determining the re-
quirements and just build a system meeting the requirements" is not actually good enough, we
should not be satisfied with this. If you would find yourselves being satisfied with what you can do
now, the system you really desire may not be developed. In order to achieve an innovation in sys-
tem development, you should create the overall picture of system appropriately and bring the so-
lution for realization of the system by using the technology and ingenuity. With the rapid progress
of cloud computing, packages and tools, realization of the functions becomes much easier than
ever before. And that's why creating the grand design is important. Considering and creating the
grand design increases the value of system and reduces the cost and workload of the system de-
velopment. Quality of the grand design may determine the quality of the system.
Q. How many people understand the real meaning and process of creating the grand de-
sign?
Even creating the grand design is very important for and essence of the system development, it
has not been discussed and studied enough.
I suggest a renewed focus on "designing".
Before multi-vendor platforms, each customer had their own system and system engineer. The
customer and system engineer worked together to determine system design. Under such circum-
stance, the people around system placed emphasis on the grand design. After the multi-vendor
platforms become popular and are commonly applied, each system development project creates
its own system design. As the result of this, the grand design becomes less important than it once
was. As the result of this, the system may totally be different from the expectation of the user and
the grand design. This is caused by the inconsistent between the grand design and the processes
of the project.
The grand design improves the system quality in the broad sense. The broad sense means the
values will be produced by the system including user-friendly design and easy to develop and fix
etc. However, many of projects give preference to "accomplishing the project" over "the quality in
the broad sense". The grand design and the project management should be two wheels of same
cart which are inseparable and support each other, however projects in resent times have
seemed to be only focused on the project management. "If the overall picture doesn't really make
sense, there would be no reason to rebuild the system". However unfortunately, large number of
projects are implemented in this way, and it causes increase in the cost of development and poor
performance in the operation. I am afraid but must say that the relationship between the grand
4 Sapporo Sparkle k.k.
5. "design matters" is common to all countries. So let's try to be more creative.
design and the project management in system development in Japan is really ill-balanced.
Attitude that "design comes first"
I don't really like to compare Japan and overseas. However when I work together with the system
developers or package vendors abroad in system development project, I have to admit that they
value more the grand design than the system developers in Japan do. An executive of Indian IT
company once clearly said that "we cannot create the grand design. But if someone creates the
grand design, I would surely develop the system including all important elements based on the
grand design". However, if there is the inconsistency or the failure in the grand design, they surely
would point out the them. When I work together with the package vendors abroad in the global
project, they start by asking me about "the design and designer of the system". Before they start
developing, they understand and evaluate the design of system. So for them, the design is very
important and always comes first. In other words, it is necessary to accomplish the design in of
the system to be developed by utilizing the technologies available even there are some difficul-
ties. This kind of attitude lead the project team members to understand the importance of the de-
sign.
Q. How do you get people to understand the importance of the grand design? (Two
points are explained in the article published in August 18)
The most important process of creating the grand design is "to study thoroughly and to draw it
appropriately". This is the thing that we should tell to make the project members understand the
importance of the grand design properly. After this process, we start considering the procedure,
approach and methodology to be used in the development. This is also important and this, com-
plementary process, ensures the quality of the grand design.
Q. The process of creating the grand design includes identifying the issues, addressing
the issues(brainstorming and research etc) and determining the approach(solution). How-
ever, presence of some external matters such as delivery schedule, requirement of trou-
ble and uncertainty avoidance may reduce the freedom of the design.
The grand design can be created in many different ways, and every way is fine as long as what it
presents is appropriate. However there is some effective ways to create it, and I explain the effec-
tive methodology and process for creating the grand design.
Let's make a design team
In order to "create the complete state" and "clarify the structure" of the system, it is important to
build a design team with the specialists of both business and system. The main body of the de-
sign team should be formed by the user company, and the product vendors and the consultants
as the specialist of technology and project management join the main body. I believe that the
business and information system of Japan are not able to move forward if the business and infor-
mation system department of the user company cannot work together to create the grand design.
In order to develop a system that produces more value for the user company, it is necessary to
build the team for the grand design and make the best use of limited budget and human resource.
It is very unfortunate to say that today in Japan there are many characterless business processes
and information systems. The main reason for this is the fact that the user company leaves the
most important part of system development, the creating the grand design, to the consultants and
IT vendors. Creating the grand design includes a wide range of areas such as requirement analy-
sis, requirement definition, designing, development, transition, operation, maintenance, invest
management and system planning. Throughout the system development project, the grand de-
sign is used as "the guideline", and clarifies the realization picture of the system. Therefore it is
very important to have "the process for studying and considering the image of the system to be
developed", and to evaluate "whether or not it is appropriate and accurate for the purpose"
through the deliverables(architecture or model) of the grand design.
5 Sapporo Sparkle k.k.
6. "design matters" is common to all countries. So let's try to be more creative.
Q. How can we change the organization and human resources to create the grand de-
sign.
I think it is the time to review the role of the organization. In fact, because most of companies
don't have the design department or design team that can deal with the system design continu-
ously, they leave the development and the operation and maintenance to the project team and to
operation and the maintenance department respectively. In these circumstances, it is almost im-
possible to focus on the design of system. It is necessary to consider a wide range of aspects
when you create the grand design. It includes the consideration of structure that supports busi-
ness, the relationship between structure and business and the use of technologies available. The-
se consideration are should be done in terms of cost, reliability and related laws and regulations.
In fact, therefore, the architect or designer of the grand design requires several senses including
the sense of utilization(sense of producing advantageous effect), operation(sense of business)
and investment. As I already mentioned it at the beginning of this article that the point of system
development is the imagination, and it is another words for "the sense of notice" as I just de-
scribed. You may ask me "how can I develop the human resources who have the imagination or
the sense of notice?". It actually is a fair question but I am pretty optimistic about the developing
the skill of the human resources. The reason I am optimistic about this is because I believe that
creating the grand design is one of the most fun and exciting part of the system development. I
am not saying that you should try harder and jump over more hurdles to prove you are capable in
doing your job. I am just telling you that creating the grand design is fun, so let's have fun with it.
"Paying attention to designing" is same meaning of "loving design".
(interviewer: Nobuyuki Yajima)
6 Sapporo Sparkle k.k.