Formation evaluation involves systematically gathering and analyzing data to determine the presence and producibility of hydrocarbons. Various tools are used to obtain data on properties like porosity, fluid saturation and permeability. Seismic surveys provide large-scale structure data while mud logging and wireline logging provide real-time and higher resolution data, respectively. Cores allow direct measurement of properties. Together, integration of data from these various sources allows petrophysicists and engineers to fully characterize reservoirs and estimate hydrocarbon volumes.
formation evaluation for reservoir engineeringmohammedsaaed1
Formation evaluation involves using tools to measure properties of rock and fluid in a wellbore to analyze hydrocarbon reservoirs. Key techniques include mud logging to monitor drilling, coring to obtain samples, open-hole wireline logging to characterize formations, logging while drilling for real-time data, formation testing to obtain pressure and fluid samples, and cased-hole logging for monitoring producing wells. The data is used to evaluate potential fluid flow and recovery from reservoirs.
This document discusses rebar detection using non-destructive testing methods. It provides background on rebar detectors and their significance in locating reinforcing bars embedded in concrete. The document outlines different rebar detection instruments, including the Profoscope, Profoscope+, and Profometer 5+, describing their mechanisms and functions. It also describes the procedure for using a rebar detector to locate reinforcing bars before drilling or coring concrete structures.
The document provides a summary of a geotechnical investigation report for a proposed check dam construction site. Three boreholes were drilled and standard penetration tests (SPT) were conducted at 1.5m intervals to determine soil properties. Laboratory tests including specific gravity, moisture content, particle size distribution, liquid limit and plastic limit tests were performed on soil samples. Subsurface exploration found soils to have SPT values ranging from 3 to 60. The report provides tables with soil properties and allowable bearing capacities for foundations of varying widths at 0.86m depth.
Muhammad Nafees Abbasi is an engineering geologist seeking a position that offers opportunities for professional growth. He has over 5 years of experience in soil testing, geotechnical investigation, and material testing. His responsibilities have included conducting laboratory tests, logging subsurface strata, preparing reports, and supervising technicians. He is proficient in software such as NovoLAB and has experience performing non-destructive tests like plate load tests.
Noah C. Sluiter is seeking a position as a geologist with experience in field operations supervision, surface logging, gas detection equipment calibration and operation, well site inspection, and sample identification. He has a B.S. in geology from Grand Valley State University and training in areas including HAZWOPER, safety, and drilling. His previous roles include field operations supervisor for ALS Oil & Gas and surface logger for ALS Empirica, where he generated logs, monitored drilling parameters, and ensured safety compliance. He has skills in geological field techniques, gas detection and analysis software, and GIS mapping tools.
SHALES AS SEALS AND UNCONVENTIONAL STORAGE RESERVOIRS robert dilmore doe netlSteve Wittrig
This document provides an overview of a project studying shales as seals and unconventional reservoirs for carbon storage. The project aims to evaluate shale matrix and fracture response to CO2 exposure through experimental and modeling work. This will improve understanding of CO2 injection and storage performance in shales and inform resource assessment and risk analysis. The work involves measuring shale properties like permeability and porosity under CO2 exposure, analyzing how CO2 sorption impacts fracture conductivity, and modeling multi-phase CO2 flow through fractured shale networks. Core samples from South Dakota are being acquired and analyzed to support the experiments and modeling. The results will enhance understanding of shales for carbon storage and sealing capacity predictions.
Fundamentals of Petroleum Engineering Module 5Aijaz Ali Mooro
This document provides an overview of formation evaluation techniques including: mud logging to analyze drill cuttings; coring to obtain formation samples; open-hole logging using tools to measure electrical, acoustic, and radioactive properties; logging while drilling to obtain logs in real-time; formation testing to obtain pressure and fluid samples; and cased-hole logging for production monitoring and reservoir analysis. The goal of formation evaluation is to interpret measurements taken inside the wellbore to characterize reservoirs and quantify hydrocarbon reserves in the surrounding rock.
T.Paramarthalingom provides a curriculum vitae summarizing his qualifications and experience as a QA/QC inspector specializing in mechanical engineering projects. He has over 15 years of experience in inspection roles in Singapore and holds relevant technical certifications. His background includes inspecting piping, structural work, and equipment installation for offshore rigs, power plants, and other industrial facilities.
formation evaluation for reservoir engineeringmohammedsaaed1
Formation evaluation involves using tools to measure properties of rock and fluid in a wellbore to analyze hydrocarbon reservoirs. Key techniques include mud logging to monitor drilling, coring to obtain samples, open-hole wireline logging to characterize formations, logging while drilling for real-time data, formation testing to obtain pressure and fluid samples, and cased-hole logging for monitoring producing wells. The data is used to evaluate potential fluid flow and recovery from reservoirs.
This document discusses rebar detection using non-destructive testing methods. It provides background on rebar detectors and their significance in locating reinforcing bars embedded in concrete. The document outlines different rebar detection instruments, including the Profoscope, Profoscope+, and Profometer 5+, describing their mechanisms and functions. It also describes the procedure for using a rebar detector to locate reinforcing bars before drilling or coring concrete structures.
The document provides a summary of a geotechnical investigation report for a proposed check dam construction site. Three boreholes were drilled and standard penetration tests (SPT) were conducted at 1.5m intervals to determine soil properties. Laboratory tests including specific gravity, moisture content, particle size distribution, liquid limit and plastic limit tests were performed on soil samples. Subsurface exploration found soils to have SPT values ranging from 3 to 60. The report provides tables with soil properties and allowable bearing capacities for foundations of varying widths at 0.86m depth.
Muhammad Nafees Abbasi is an engineering geologist seeking a position that offers opportunities for professional growth. He has over 5 years of experience in soil testing, geotechnical investigation, and material testing. His responsibilities have included conducting laboratory tests, logging subsurface strata, preparing reports, and supervising technicians. He is proficient in software such as NovoLAB and has experience performing non-destructive tests like plate load tests.
Noah C. Sluiter is seeking a position as a geologist with experience in field operations supervision, surface logging, gas detection equipment calibration and operation, well site inspection, and sample identification. He has a B.S. in geology from Grand Valley State University and training in areas including HAZWOPER, safety, and drilling. His previous roles include field operations supervisor for ALS Oil & Gas and surface logger for ALS Empirica, where he generated logs, monitored drilling parameters, and ensured safety compliance. He has skills in geological field techniques, gas detection and analysis software, and GIS mapping tools.
SHALES AS SEALS AND UNCONVENTIONAL STORAGE RESERVOIRS robert dilmore doe netlSteve Wittrig
This document provides an overview of a project studying shales as seals and unconventional reservoirs for carbon storage. The project aims to evaluate shale matrix and fracture response to CO2 exposure through experimental and modeling work. This will improve understanding of CO2 injection and storage performance in shales and inform resource assessment and risk analysis. The work involves measuring shale properties like permeability and porosity under CO2 exposure, analyzing how CO2 sorption impacts fracture conductivity, and modeling multi-phase CO2 flow through fractured shale networks. Core samples from South Dakota are being acquired and analyzed to support the experiments and modeling. The results will enhance understanding of shales for carbon storage and sealing capacity predictions.
Fundamentals of Petroleum Engineering Module 5Aijaz Ali Mooro
This document provides an overview of formation evaluation techniques including: mud logging to analyze drill cuttings; coring to obtain formation samples; open-hole logging using tools to measure electrical, acoustic, and radioactive properties; logging while drilling to obtain logs in real-time; formation testing to obtain pressure and fluid samples; and cased-hole logging for production monitoring and reservoir analysis. The goal of formation evaluation is to interpret measurements taken inside the wellbore to characterize reservoirs and quantify hydrocarbon reserves in the surrounding rock.
T.Paramarthalingom provides a curriculum vitae summarizing his qualifications and experience as a QA/QC inspector specializing in mechanical engineering projects. He has over 15 years of experience in inspection roles in Singapore and holds relevant technical certifications. His background includes inspecting piping, structural work, and equipment installation for offshore rigs, power plants, and other industrial facilities.
This document discusses ground investigation for tunnelling projects. It covers objectives of ground investigation planning including suitability assessment, design, construction planning and environmental impact determination. Key risks like water ingress, ground collapse and obstructions are highlighted. Common ground conditions like dykes, wedges and timber piles are shown. Strategies and techniques for ground investigation planning, during design and construction stages are outlined. Methods for different ground types like soft ground, hard rock and karst deposits are also described. The document emphasizes comprehensive planning and supervision of ground investigation works for tunnelling projects.
This is an academic lecture for the Diploma in Engineering Mining and Mine Survey Technology Students based on the syllabus of the Bangladesh Technical Education Board (BTEB), Bangladesh. The course is related to Understanding the basics of Coring.
Subject: Petroleum Well Design & Completion
The document describes a summer training project report on soil and concrete testing conducted at a site in New Delhi. It provides details of various tests performed on soil samples collected from the site, including sieve analysis, mechanical analysis, liquid limit, plastic limit, shrinkage limit, consolidation, permeability and specific gravity tests. It also describes some basic cement tests conducted like fineness, setting time, soundness and consistency tests. The trainees gained hands-on experience of actual field and lab procedures under expert guidance during their 6-week summer training project.
Formation evaluation is the process of interpreting measurements taken inside a wellbore to detect and quantify oil and gas reserves. It involves mud logging during drilling, coring to obtain formation samples, open-hole logging before casing, logging while drilling for real-time data, formation testing to obtain fluid samples and pressure measurements, and cased-hole logging after well completion. The data are used to evaluate reservoirs and predict fluid flow for optimal hydrocarbon recovery.
Correlation between Soil Properties and External Corrosion Growth rate of Car...theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
This document describes an experiment to prepare core plugs from rock core samples. The objectives are to determine physical properties of the rock like porosity and permeability. The procedure involves slabbing the core, drilling plugs from the core using a core plugging machine, and analyzing the plugs through routine and special core analysis. Routine analysis provides properties for reservoir evaluation while special analysis gives information on multiphase flow and wettability. The results of core analysis are used to improve hydrocarbon recovery and production predictions.
This document contains the resume of Naceruddine Benabdallah, an engineer in geology and sedimentologist from Algeria. He received a degree in geology in 2004 with a focus on sedimentology. His professional experience includes various roles in logging and as a geologist for oil companies in Algeria from 2006 to the present. He has technical expertise in areas like well monitoring, log interpretation, and reservoir modeling. He is proficient in English, French, and Arabic and has skills in computer programs for geological analysis.
This document provides an introduction and overview of key concepts for understanding petroleum geology and reservoir evaluation, including the exploration and production (E&P) process. It defines important terms like reservoir, seal, and pay and explains the requirements for a viable petroleum or carbon dioxide storage system. The document also summarizes common sources of geological data used in reservoir evaluation like seismic imaging, well logs, cores, and analogs. It describes the E&P stages from permit evaluation through development and outlines how companies evaluate exploration permits based on assessing the probability of successful petroleum systems.
The fourth presentation of a series of presentations on Operations Geology. Very basic, just to introduce beginners to operations geology. I hope the end users will find this and the following presentations very helpful.
Mark Travis has 9 years of experience in geology, including work for both junior and major mining companies exploring for Carlin-type gold and roll-front uranium deposits. He has a B.S. in Geology from the University of Wyoming and experience in roles such as project geologist, permitting specialist, and mine geologist. His skills include exploration drilling programs, data analysis and interpretation, permitting and environmental work, GIS software, and project management.
UQMP is a leading materials science and engineering consultancy in Australia that was founded in 1998. It provides professional consultancy, expert opinion, and contract research services focused on component failure investigations using world-class analytical facilities at The University of Queensland. UQMP's team has expertise in materials analysis, failure analysis, stress analysis, wear evaluation, and forensic engineering services.
Weatherford provides integrated oilfield services including formation evaluation, wellsite analysis, hydraulic fracturing, and microseismic monitoring. Their synchronized fracturing approach called Fracology involves evaluating reservoirs through lab and wellsite testing, analyzing drilling cuttings and mud samples, executing optimized hydraulic fracturing treatments while monitoring in real-time, and verifying results through microseismic data. This integrated approach aims to maximize production and reservoir recovery.
Integrated Geophysical Approach for Rapid & Cost Effective Site Investigation...IEI GSC
- Geophysical techniques like seismic refraction tomography, electrical resistivity imaging, seismic tomography, and ground penetrating radar provide rapid and cost-effective site investigations for underground construction projects by acting as "eyes to the subsurface".
- They allow for detection of features like loose zones, shear zones, faults, fractures, and water lenses in a non-destructive manner, optimizing drill holes and minimizing surprises during construction.
- Case studies demonstrate successful applications for tunnel route investigations, dam safety assessments, and delineating weak zones, with integrated use of multiple techniques providing detailed subsurface characterization to aid project planning and design.
This document provides an overview of formation evaluation techniques used in petroleum exploration and development. It discusses various logging methods like mud logging, coring, open-hole logging using electrical, nuclear and acoustic tools, logging while drilling, formation testing including wireline formation testing and drill stem testing, and cased-hole logging techniques. The goal of formation evaluation is to detect and quantify oil and gas reserves using measurements taken inside the wellbore and interpret physical properties of rocks and contained fluids.
Munawar Islam is a geologist seeking a career position where he can utilize his organizational skills. He has over 5 years of experience as an engineering geologist working on hydroelectric power and infrastructure projects. His technical skills include drilling supervision, geological mapping, grouting, and geotechnical testing. He holds a BSc in Applied Geology from the University of the Punjab and is proficient in software like AutoCAD and ArcGIS.
Monitoring measuring and verification, Gonzalo Zambrano, University of AlbertaGlobal CCS Institute
This document summarizes Gonzalo Zambrano's presentation on monitoring, measuring and verification (MMV) for CO2 storage projects. It discusses the Aquistore project, which aims to demonstrate safe CO2 storage in deep saline formations in Alberta, Canada. The Aquistore project involves injecting CO2 into a saline formation over 3 km underground and uses various surface and downhole techniques to monitor the CO2 plume and ensure containment. These include 3D and time-lapse seismic surveys, a permanent seismic array, tiltmeters, GPS, and soil gas and groundwater monitoring.
Dear Sir / Madam,
Greetings and Good morning!!!!
Please find attached to this email a copy of my latest Resume. I am interested in applying for the Sr Hydrogeologist position. I have more than 16 years of experience in the field of Geological / Hydrogeological / and Geotechnical investigations in India, Singapore, Papua New Guinea and Bangladesh for soil & rock investigations for offshore and onshore. I believe that my strong technical experience and educational qualifications will make me a very competitive candidate for this position. I am immediately available for joining. If you have any questions or would like to set up a discussion, please let me know.
I look forward to hearing from you
Many Thanks,
Dr John Devadas. Dakey
drjohndevadas@yahoo.co.in
+91 8374568847
Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...bijceesjournal
The aquaponic system of planting is a method that does not require soil usage. It is a method that only needs water, fish, lava rocks (a substitute for soil), and plants. Aquaponic systems are sustainable and environmentally friendly. Its use not only helps to plant in small spaces but also helps reduce artificial chemical use and minimizes excess water use, as aquaponics consumes 90% less water than soil-based gardening. The study applied a descriptive and experimental design to assess and compare conventional and reconstructed aquaponic methods for reproducing tomatoes. The researchers created an observation checklist to determine the significant factors of the study. The study aims to determine the significant difference between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquaponics systems propagating tomatoes in terms of height, weight, girth, and number of fruits. The reconstructed aquaponics system’s higher growth yield results in a much more nourished crop than the traditional aquaponics system. It is superior in its number of fruits, height, weight, and girth measurement. Moreover, the reconstructed aquaponics system is proven to eliminate all the hindrances present in the traditional aquaponics system, which are overcrowding of fish, algae growth, pest problems, contaminated water, and dead fish.
artificial intelligence and data science contents.pptxGauravCar
What is artificial intelligence? Artificial intelligence is the ability of a computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks that are commonly associated with the intellectual processes characteristic of humans, such as the ability to reason.
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This document discusses ground investigation for tunnelling projects. It covers objectives of ground investigation planning including suitability assessment, design, construction planning and environmental impact determination. Key risks like water ingress, ground collapse and obstructions are highlighted. Common ground conditions like dykes, wedges and timber piles are shown. Strategies and techniques for ground investigation planning, during design and construction stages are outlined. Methods for different ground types like soft ground, hard rock and karst deposits are also described. The document emphasizes comprehensive planning and supervision of ground investigation works for tunnelling projects.
This is an academic lecture for the Diploma in Engineering Mining and Mine Survey Technology Students based on the syllabus of the Bangladesh Technical Education Board (BTEB), Bangladesh. The course is related to Understanding the basics of Coring.
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Formation evaluation is the process of interpreting measurements taken inside a wellbore to detect and quantify oil and gas reserves. It involves mud logging during drilling, coring to obtain formation samples, open-hole logging before casing, logging while drilling for real-time data, formation testing to obtain fluid samples and pressure measurements, and cased-hole logging after well completion. The data are used to evaluate reservoirs and predict fluid flow for optimal hydrocarbon recovery.
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The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
This document describes an experiment to prepare core plugs from rock core samples. The objectives are to determine physical properties of the rock like porosity and permeability. The procedure involves slabbing the core, drilling plugs from the core using a core plugging machine, and analyzing the plugs through routine and special core analysis. Routine analysis provides properties for reservoir evaluation while special analysis gives information on multiphase flow and wettability. The results of core analysis are used to improve hydrocarbon recovery and production predictions.
This document contains the resume of Naceruddine Benabdallah, an engineer in geology and sedimentologist from Algeria. He received a degree in geology in 2004 with a focus on sedimentology. His professional experience includes various roles in logging and as a geologist for oil companies in Algeria from 2006 to the present. He has technical expertise in areas like well monitoring, log interpretation, and reservoir modeling. He is proficient in English, French, and Arabic and has skills in computer programs for geological analysis.
This document provides an introduction and overview of key concepts for understanding petroleum geology and reservoir evaluation, including the exploration and production (E&P) process. It defines important terms like reservoir, seal, and pay and explains the requirements for a viable petroleum or carbon dioxide storage system. The document also summarizes common sources of geological data used in reservoir evaluation like seismic imaging, well logs, cores, and analogs. It describes the E&P stages from permit evaluation through development and outlines how companies evaluate exploration permits based on assessing the probability of successful petroleum systems.
The fourth presentation of a series of presentations on Operations Geology. Very basic, just to introduce beginners to operations geology. I hope the end users will find this and the following presentations very helpful.
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UQMP is a leading materials science and engineering consultancy in Australia that was founded in 1998. It provides professional consultancy, expert opinion, and contract research services focused on component failure investigations using world-class analytical facilities at The University of Queensland. UQMP's team has expertise in materials analysis, failure analysis, stress analysis, wear evaluation, and forensic engineering services.
Weatherford provides integrated oilfield services including formation evaluation, wellsite analysis, hydraulic fracturing, and microseismic monitoring. Their synchronized fracturing approach called Fracology involves evaluating reservoirs through lab and wellsite testing, analyzing drilling cuttings and mud samples, executing optimized hydraulic fracturing treatments while monitoring in real-time, and verifying results through microseismic data. This integrated approach aims to maximize production and reservoir recovery.
Integrated Geophysical Approach for Rapid & Cost Effective Site Investigation...IEI GSC
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- They allow for detection of features like loose zones, shear zones, faults, fractures, and water lenses in a non-destructive manner, optimizing drill holes and minimizing surprises during construction.
- Case studies demonstrate successful applications for tunnel route investigations, dam safety assessments, and delineating weak zones, with integrated use of multiple techniques providing detailed subsurface characterization to aid project planning and design.
This document provides an overview of formation evaluation techniques used in petroleum exploration and development. It discusses various logging methods like mud logging, coring, open-hole logging using electrical, nuclear and acoustic tools, logging while drilling, formation testing including wireline formation testing and drill stem testing, and cased-hole logging techniques. The goal of formation evaluation is to detect and quantify oil and gas reserves using measurements taken inside the wellbore and interpret physical properties of rocks and contained fluids.
Munawar Islam is a geologist seeking a career position where he can utilize his organizational skills. He has over 5 years of experience as an engineering geologist working on hydroelectric power and infrastructure projects. His technical skills include drilling supervision, geological mapping, grouting, and geotechnical testing. He holds a BSc in Applied Geology from the University of the Punjab and is proficient in software like AutoCAD and ArcGIS.
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Dear Sir / Madam,
Greetings and Good morning!!!!
Please find attached to this email a copy of my latest Resume. I am interested in applying for the Sr Hydrogeologist position. I have more than 16 years of experience in the field of Geological / Hydrogeological / and Geotechnical investigations in India, Singapore, Papua New Guinea and Bangladesh for soil & rock investigations for offshore and onshore. I believe that my strong technical experience and educational qualifications will make me a very competitive candidate for this position. I am immediately available for joining. If you have any questions or would like to set up a discussion, please let me know.
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2. Lecture Outline
• What is formation evaluation?
• Why do we evaluate formation?
• What do we evaluate?
• What data are we interested in?
• Who needs these data?
• What tools and methodology?
• Summary
• References
Monday, September 09, 2013 Well Logging PGE 492 2
3. What is formation evaluation?
• Formation evaluation is the application of scientific
principles, engineering concepts and technological
innovations in the exploration and prospecting of
hydrocarbon resources in geological formations in an
environmentally sustainable and responsible manner.
• It involves detailed and systematic data acquisition,
gathering, analysis and interpretation both qualitatively
and quantitatively while applying scientific and
engineering principles.
• It is an ever growing and evolving field of petroleum
engineering
• Petrophysicists are engineers or geologists that
specialize in the profession of formation evaluation.
Monday, September 09, 2013 Well Logging PGE 492 3
4. Why do we evaluate formation?
• We want answers to the following questions:
• Is there any oil or gas there?
• Where are they located?
• How much of it?
• How much can we produce, which answers the
question, “How much money can we make?”
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5. What do we evaluate?
• We evaluate a reservoir; a reservoir is the
“container” storing the hydrocarbon.
• A conventional reservoir will be characterized
by the following properties;
– Trap/Cap Rock
– Source Rock
– Porous and Permeable media
– Hydrocarbons (Gas or Oil)
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6. What data are we interested in?
• Rock Type
• Porosity
• Fluid Saturation (Volumes)
• Fluid Type
• Reservoir Structure
• Permeability (Ease of fluid flow within porous media)
• Reservoir Pressure (Drive)
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7. Scale in Formation Evaluation
Order of Magnitude
(Meters)
Formation Evaluation Technique Purpose
106 Satellite Imagery
Gross Structure
105 Basin Geologic Studies
104 Seismic, gravity, magnetics
103 Borehole gravimeter, Ultra long
spacing electric logs
Local Structure
102 Drill Stem Tests Productivity and Reserves
101 Wireline Formation tests
100 Full diameter cores (Whole Core) Local Porosity, permeability
and Lithology
10-1 Sidewall cores, LWD, Wireline
10-2 Core-plug analysis, micro-logs
10-3 Cutting analysis, mud logging Local Hydrocarbon Content
10-4 Core analysis Rock Properties
10-5 X-ray mineralogy Rock and clay typing
10-6 Scanning Electron Microscope Micro-structure 7
8. Who Needs What Data?
Discipline Data
Geophysicist Time-Depth relationship for seismic profile
Geologist Stratigraphy, Structural Sedimentary features,
Mineralogy, bedding planes
Reservoir Engineer Porosity, permeability, fluid contacts, reservoir
pressure, producibility
Drilling Engineer Reservoir targets, offset log data if any
Production Engineer Rock mechanical properties, reservoir pressures,
flow potential, flow assurance issues, fluid types
Manager Hydrocarbon in place, recoverability, cost of
development, profitability
Government
(Regulator)
Keeps a record of All data, field development plan
(FDP), Profitability for the national economy
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9. What tools and methodology?
Formation
Evaluation
Seismic
Survey
Mud
Logging
MWD/LWD
Wireline
Logging
Coring and
Core
Analysis
Formation
Fluid
Sampling
Well
Testing
(PTA)
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10. Data from Seismic Survey
• Vertical Seismic profile of the earth
• Structure of reservoir
• Location of traps and seals
• Depth of structure and geologic layer
• Presence of fluids
• 3D high resolution surveys
• Time Lapse seismic (4D Seismic)
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12. Data from Mud Logging
• Mud logging: Analyzing, evaluating and monitoring
drill cuttings and circulating mud during the drilling
process. Data we can get include;
• Lithology, mineralogy and their estimated depths
• Hydrocarbon shows and type
• Chromatographic analysis of gas
• Hazardous gas e.g. H2S
• Rate of penetration
• Fossil record
• Overpressure zones
• Drill cutting porosity
Monday, September 09, 2013 Well Logging PGE 492 12
14. Data From MWD/LWD
• Measurement While Drilling (MWD) and Logging While
Drilling (LWD) : These describes continuous measurement
taken by down-hole sensors during drilling. The tools (subs)
are made up with the BHA (bore hole assembly) drill string. It
is an indirect measurement. Data gotten;
• Porosity, Lithology
• Acoustic
• Formation Pressure and Temperature
• Resistivity
• Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)
• Hole deviation from vertical, azimuth from geographic coord.
• Tool face angle, ROP etc.
• Gamma Ray
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16. Data from Wireline Logging
• Most versatile of the formation evaluation methods, it is an
indirect measurement; we can get the following data;
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Open Hole Logging Cased Hole Logging
• Porosity
• Fluid Sample (Types)
• Water Saturation
• Hydrocarbon movability
• Lithology
• Formation dip and structure
• Sedimentary Environment
• Travel times of elastic waves
• Permeability
• Fracture and Vugs
• Rock mechanical properties
• Flow rates
• Fluid types
• Pressure
• Residual oil saturation
• Cement evaluation (Bonding)
17. Truck, Skid, Tools and Cable
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18. Data from Core Analysis
• Coring: Get unaltered formation sample, bring it to the
surface with its native fluid, preserve both and transport to a
laboratory for detailed analysis.
– Conventional Coring- Used of core bit and BHA
– Wireline Cores: Sidewall core guns and Rotary sidewall coring tool
• Data gotten from cores are; (These are direct measurements
done on the core samples)
• Routine core analysis: Porosity, Permeability, Lithology, grain
density, Fluid saturation etc.
• Special core analysis: Relative permeability, pore-size
distribution, mineralogy, SEM, CT-Scan, Electrical properties,
mechanical properties, Capillary pressure, etc.
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19. Tools for Coring on Different
Scale
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Core bits
Sidewall Core Guns
20. Data from Fluid Sampling
• Reservoir fluid is sampled using the following methodology;
– Drill stem testing (DST) or Production Tests
– Wireline formation testers
– LWD Formation Testers
– Surface Samples at the wellhead or separator
• Data acquired include;
– Fluid Type,
– PVT data, Fluid Composition from Lab tests
– Pressure and temperature
– Viscosity, GOR, API
– Asphaltene and wax content
– Presence of H2S
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22. Well Testing
(Pressure Transient Analysis)
• Pressure Transient Analysis (PTA), is the recording of
variation of pressure with time through a wellbore in a
reservoir after a disturbance (shut-in, open to flow
etc.) to normal well operations. It is also called;
– Well Testing
– Flow Tests
• Well testing is possible because pressure and flow rate
can easily be measured in a well and an analysis of the
measurement history reflects reservoir parameters.
• Pressure measurement can be;
– Static (one time measurement)
– Last the Duration of a Well test
– Continuous e.g. Downhole pressure gauges in wells
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23. Monday, September 09, 2013 Well Test Analysis PGE 493 23
Well Test Reservoir Properties Obtainable
Drill Stem Tests Reservoir Behavior, Skin, Permeability, Fracture
Length, Reservoir pressure, reservoir limit,
boundaries
Drawdown Tests Reservoir Behavior, Skin, Permeability, Fracture
Length, reservoir limit, boundaries.
Buildup Tests Reservoir Behavior, Skin, Permeability, Fracture
Length, Reservoir pressure, boundaries
Step-rate Tests Formation parting pressure, Permeability, Skin
Falloff Tests Mobility in various banks, Skin, Reservoir pressure,
Fracture length, Location of fronts, boundaries.
Interference and Pulse Test Communication between wells, Reservoir behavior,
porosity, Interwell permeability, vertical
permeability
Layered Reservoir Tests Properties of individual layers, Horizontal K, Vertical
K, Skin, Average layer pressure, outer boundaries
Multiple Formation Testers Pressure profile
Reservoir Properties Obtainable from Various Tests
25. Summary
• Lots of evaluation tools are available in petroleum
engineering, engineers have to be aware of these
tools, the data and the scale of the acquired data,
relative to the reservoir.
• It is best to integrate all available data when
analyzing Petrophysical data; the whole picture must
be consistent.
• Different companies have different names for their
proprietary tool, but tool’s scientific principles are
the same.
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26. References
• Richard Bateman, “Open-hole Log Analysis and Formation Evaluation”,
IHRDC Publishers New York
• Crombe et. Al., “Innovations in Fluid Sampling”, Schlumberger Oilfield
Review, Autumn 1998.
• Baker Atlas Training Manual, Montrose Training Center, Montrose
Scotland, 2001.
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