The document discusses cause and effect language structures. It provides examples of phrases used to indicate cause such as "due to", "because of", and "thanks to" followed by an effect. It also discusses conjunctions that can connect a cause and effect such as "so" and "therefore". Examples of cause and effect sentences are given. Students are then asked to practice identifying causes and effects in dialogs and rearranging jumbled words and sentences.

1. By Mr. Salam
SM (SALAM MACAPAT)
https://www.macapathouse.blogspot.com

3. 1. Siswa dapat menganalisis:fungsi sosial, struktur teks, unsur
kebahasaan teks interaksi transaksional lisan dan tulis yang
melibatkan tindakan memberi dan meminta informasi terkait
hubungan sebab akibat, sesuai dengan konteks
penggunaannya. (Perhatikan unsur kebahasaan because of
..., due to ..., thanks to ...)
2. Siswa dapat menyusun teks interaksi transaksional lisan dan
tulis yang melibatkan tindakan memberi dan meminta
informasi terkait hubungan sebab akibat, dengan
memperhatikan fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur
kebahasaan yang benar dan sesuai konteks

4. Kalimat cause and effect adalah kalimat sebab dan akibat. Induk
kalimat menyatakan sebab, dan anak kalimat menyatakan
akibat; keduanya dihubungkan oleh conjunction (kata sambung).
Cause adalah why something happens sementara effect adalah
dampak dari suatu kejadian.
E.g:
• Due to the difficult economic situation in the country, the criminal rate
rises.
• Cake and candy are high in sugar; as a result, they are bad for your
teeth.
• The trash can is full, so mother asks me to take it out.
• In 2001, Taufik threatened to quit the training camp because of Mulyo’s exclusion.
• It's easy now to communicate face to face to people far thanks to technology
inventions.

5.  due to = dikarenakan
 because of = dikarenakan
 owing to = berkat (good result)
 thanks to = berkat (good result)
 as a consequence of = akibat (dari)
 as a result of = akibat dari
 therefore = oleh karena itu,
 so = maka
 that is why = itulah mengapa
 consequently = akibatnya
◦ Because = karena
◦ Since = karena
◦ As = karena
◦ For = karena
◦ DIBAHAS PADA PART 2
MACAPAT
BASF

6. Anna : Hey Lulu, I recognize that your face is looking brighter and you
look slimmer! What’s the secret?
Lulu : Well, thanks for noticing Ann. For the past months I have been
working out regularly at least three times a week. Thanks to yoga!
Anna : Wow, sounds very interesting.
Lulu : Yes, but not only it. I also have been taking care of my food. Due
to my lactose intolerant, I try to avoid dairy as much as possible.
And it works for me!
Anna : I’m very inspired Ann! As a result of my laziness and eating too
much junk food, I gained 5 kilograms in a month! I need to get
back in shape and do more workout.
Lulu : Yes, I support you!

7. Cause = For the past months I have been working
out regularly at least three times a week. Thanks
to yoga!
Effect = I recognize that your face is looking
brighter and you look slimmer
Cause = Due to my lactose intolerant,
Effect = I try to avoid dairy as much as possible.
Cause = As a result of my laziness and eating too
much junk food,
Effect = I gained 5 kilograms in a month!

8. 1. Due to my lactose intolerant, I try to avoid
dairy as much as possible
◦ Due to+noun, effect clause (S+P+O/C)
E.g:
1. Due to Jen’s laziness, she didn’t pass the Math
test.
2. The animals in the zoo get thinner day after day
due to lack of enough food.
3. There are a lot of passengers were harmed due to
that accident

9.  Thanks to yoga!
◦ Thanks to + noun, effect clause (S+P+O/C)
1. The Football Hall of Fame is in Canton thanks
to Horn.
2. We are only alive today thanks to those who
died then.
3. Softbank expects stronger group
earnings thanks to the acquisition of Kingston.
4. A regular exterminator may say no thanks
to such a job.

10. 1. Joe is a great swimmer because of the many
hours he spends practicing.
 Because of + noun, effect clause (S+P+O/C)
E.g:
1. A cliff or mountain may slide down because of the
water in the rocks
2. Frequently, drivers or the passengers driving
without seat belts die because of this.
3. Redirect flights of Garuda Indonesia from
Yogyakarta to Surakarta because of runway
accident

11. Work in a group of three to four students and
identify the cause effect phrase in following
dialogs!

12. Mia : What’s on the TV?
Gita : Just the news about a celebrity arrested for using
drugs.
Mia : I was wondering why many celebrities use drugs.
Gita : Perhaps it’s due to their tight schedules? A tight
schedule can cause physically and mentally tiredness.
Mia : That makes sense. I read somewhere that drugs can
temporary mask pain. Therefore, they consume drugs
to escape from their sufferings.
Gita : That could be right. Unfortunately, drugs are addictive.
Drugs addiction can lead to several health damages
such as abdominal pain, liver failure, strokes, and
brain damage.
Mia : That’s horrible.
Gita : That’s why drugs are illegal in our country.

13. Mia : What’s on the TV?
Gita : Just the news about a celebrity arrested for using
drugs.
Mia : I was wondering why many celebrities use drugs.
Gita : Perhaps it’s due to their tight schedules? A tight
schedule can cause physically and mentally tiredness.
Mia : That makes sense. I read somewhere that drugs can
temporary mask pain. Therefore, they consume drugs
to escape from their sufferings.
Gita : That could be right. Unfortunately, drugs are addictive.
Drugs addiction can lead to several health damages
such as abdominal pain, liver failure, strokes, and
brain damage.
Mia : That’s horrible.
Gita : That’s why drugs are illegal in our country.

14. Work in a group of three to four students and
arrange the following jumbled words into
meaningful sentences!

15. 1. an annual festival. - The road - will be closed today
- due to
2. the government and television. - We - lives on
today’s technology era - thanks to
3. the many hours he spends practicing. - Joe - is a
great swimmer - because of

16. Work in a group of three to four students and
arrange the following sentences into a
meaningful dialog!

17. Rini : Heavy rains can cause floods in several places in
Indonesia. What’s your opinion on that?
Rini : Yeah, that’s right. To me, floods can also occur
due to lack of trees and plants. You know, trees
and plants can absorb much water from rainfall.
Rini : True! How about the effects of floods?
Rini : You’re right.
Ajeng: Yep. The cause of floods is manifold, but
humans play a big role in it.
Ajeng: Floods destroy houses. They also lead diseases.
Ajeng: In my opinion, flood occurs because of
irresponsible people throwing garbage into the
river. It’ll be overflowing when rain falls.

18. Rini : Heavy rains can cause floods in several places in
Indonesia. What’s your opinion on that?
Ajeng: In my opinion, flood occurs because of
irresponsible people throwing garbage into the
river. It’ll be overflowing when rain falls.
Rini : Yeah, that’s right. To me, floods can also occur
due to lack of trees and plants. You know, trees
and plants can absorb much water from rainfall.
Ajeng: Yep. The cause of floods is manifold, but
humans play a big role in it.
Rini : True! How about the effects of floods?
Ajeng: Floods destroy houses. They also lead diseases.
Rini : You’re right.

19.  Work in pairs. Make short dialog consist of
due to, thanks to or because of! Choose the
topics about things happen in the school.

21. EPT

22. 1. Jake was ill last night, ...... he did not eat
anything a whole day.
a. Because
b. Above
c. Sure
d. Sadness

23. 2. I love Switzerland ...... the weather.
a. Because
b. As
c. Because of
d. Since

24. 3. We - because of – cancelled - the rain - the
trip
a. We cancelled the trip because of the rain.
b. We cancelled the rain because of the trip.
c. Because of the trip we cancelled the rain.
d. The trip we cancelled because of the rain.

25. 4. Victor finished his job earlier due .... bad
weather.
a. to
b. in
c. for
d. by

26. 5. grade – due to – was - lack of –study - my
low.
a. Grade my low was due to lack of study.
b. Due to my low grade was lack of study.
c. My low grade was due to lack of study.
d. My low study was due to lack of grade .

27. 6. Which one is not correct?
"He did not attend the exam......, he failed."
a. as a reason
b. as a consequence
c. as a result
d. consequently

28. 7. “He got to work really, really late “Cos he
missed his train”.
Which cause and effect word is ‘Cos short for?
a. due to
b. b. because
c. c. as
d. d. since

29. Budi : Hey man, why did you come to school
almost late?
Andi : Because, my bike had a trouble with tire
Budi : What happened with your bike?
Andi : 8. puctured nails, my tire was flat.
Budi : Owh, fortunately you can go to school
and follow the test.
Andi : Yeah, 9. Afif, he is helpful.
Budi : Why?
Andi : 10. his ride, I am not late to school

30. 8. Complete the dialog with correct answer!
a. due to
b. because
c. because of
d. thanks to

31. 9. Complete the dialog with correct answer!
a. due to
b. because
c. because of
d. thanks to

32. 10. Complete the dialog with correct answer!
a. due to
b. because
c. because of
d. thanks to