This document discusses a teaching-learning material developed by Kusuma Foundation with support from subject experts for use in secondary schools in Uttar Pradesh, India. The material was finalized after review by the State Resource Group established by the Uttar Pradesh Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan. The material may be reproduced for educational purposes with permission from Kusuma Foundation. Kusuma Foundation's mission is to facilitate access to education and life opportunities for children and aims to improve education outcomes and address barriers in education.