This document discusses trends in high definition television services and applications. It covers topics like digital television standards from organizations like ATSC, DVB, and ISDB. It also discusses elements of digital television systems like video and audio compression, transmission methods, conditional access, and interactive services. The document provides an overview of HDTV developments and deployments in different countries. It also touches on issues regarding HDTV in Taiwan like spectrum planning and content production. Finally, it lists some potential interactive television services like personalized news, video on demand, and electronic assistants.

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高畫質電視的服務及應用趨勢
官振鵬
cpkuan@itri.org.tw

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Broadcast Networks
DVB-T/H
DAB
DVB-C
DVB-S
IPTV
Cable
HFC
xDSL
IP Ethernet
Satellite
Terrestrial
Contents/Services
Applications
Head-End Receiver
Networks

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Components of Digital Television System
Contents
Compression and Encoding
Modulation
Conditional Access
Network Management

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Components of Digital Television System
Baseband Processing
Signal Transmission and Reception
Conditional Access
Interactive Services
Middleware

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Baseband Processing
MPEG-2 Video, Audio,…
MPEG-4 Video, AAC, HE-AAC, H.264, VC-1, …
Teletext
Subtitling
Service Information

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Signal Transmission and Reception
Multiplexing
Channel Coding
Various Modulations due to Different Media
– COFDM – T
– QAM – C
– QPSK – S
– VSB – T
Transmitting
– Satellite
– Cable
– Terrestrial
– IPTV
Receiving
– Outdoor
– Indoor
– Portable
– Mobile

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Conditional Access
What is Conditional Access
– Control Access
Why Conditional Access
– Guarantee Revenue
– Parental Control
– Copyright Protection
– Service-Oriented
How Conditional Access
– Encryption/Decryption
– Scrambling/Descrambling
– SAS/SMS

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Interactive Services
What is Interactivity
– Return Channel/Path
Why Interactivity
– Attractive Services
– Extending Revenue
How Interactivity
– Return Channel/Path
Telephone, Cable Modem, IP, Internet, Wireless, Cellular, …
– Develop New Services
Content is the King
PPV
VoD
T-Commerce
EPG…

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Terrestrial

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Cable

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Satellite

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MHP

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DTV Standards
ATSC – Advanced Television Systems Committee
DVB – Digital Video Broadcasting
ISDB – Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting
DMB-T/H – Digital Media Broadcasting-Terrestrial/Handheld

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ATSC

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Introduction to ATSC – Advanced Television Systems Committee
Formed in 1982
Member organizations of the Joint Committee on InterSociety
Coordination (JCIC): EIA, IEEE, NAB, NCTA, SMPTE
Members representing the broadcast, broadcast equipment,
motion picture, consumer electronics, computer, cable, satellite,
and semiconductor industries
ATSC Digital TV Standards include digital high definition
television (HDTV), standard definition television (SDTV), data
broadcasting, multi-channel surround-sound audio, and satellite
direct-to-home broadcasting

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ATSC 8VSB

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ATSC Standards (selected)
ATSC Standard A/52A – Digital Audio Compression (AC-3)
Standard, Rev. A
ATSC Recommended Practice A/54A – Guide to the Use of the
ATSC Digital Television Standard
ATSC Standard A/65B – Program and System Information
Protocol for Terrestrial Broadcast and Cable, Rev. B
ATSC Standard A/68 – PSIP Standard for Taiwan
ATSC Standard A/70 – Conditional Access System for Terrestrial
Broadcast with Amendment
ATSC Standard A/96 – ATSC Interaction Channel Protocols
ATSC Standard A/100 – DTV Application Software Environment -
Level 1 (DASE-1)

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DVB

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Introduction to DVB – Digital Video Broadcasting
An industry-led consortium of broadcasters, manufacturers,
network operators, software developers, regulatory bodies and
others in over 40 countries committed to designing global
standards for the delivery of digital television and data services
Open, Interoperable, Flexible, Market-led

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DVB-T COFDM

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DVB Standards (selected)
TR 101 154 V1.4.1 – Implementation guidelines for the use of
MPEG-2 Systems, Video and Audio in satellite, cable and
terrestrial broadcasting applications
EN 300 468 V1.4.1 – Specification for Service Information (SI) in
DVB systems
TS 101 812 V1.2.1 – Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB)
Multimedia Home Platform (MHP)
TR 101 290 V1.2.1 – Measurement guidelines for DVB systems
TR 102 033 V1.1.1 – Architectural Framework for the Delivery of
DVB Services over IP-based Networks

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ISDB

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Introduction ISDB – Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting
The Digital Broadcasting Experts Group (DiBEG) was founded in
September 1997 to promote ISDB-T, the Japanese Digital
Terrestrial Broadcasting System, in the world
DiBEG promotes exchange of technical information and
international cooperation to facilitate common understanding in
the world and smooth exchange of programs in digital era

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ISDB-T

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ISDB Standards (selected)
STD-B31 V1.2 – TRANSMISSION SYSTEM FOR DIGITAL
TERRESTRIAL TELEVISION BROADCASTING
STD-B10 V3.5 – SERVICE INFORMATION FOR DIGITAL
BROADCASTING SYSTEM
STD-B25 V3.0 – CONDITIONAL ACCESS SYSTEM
SPECIFICATIONS FOR DIGITAL BROADCASTING

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DMB-T/H

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DMB-T/H
China DTV standard
Developed by 北京清華大學 and 上海交通大學
– Combination of multi-carrier and single-carrier technologies
It still remains unclear
– All of China's DTVs —fixed and mobile— shall support both the TDS-OFDM
and VSB schemes

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Evolution of DVB Specifications

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Broadcast
Fixed
Telecom
Wireless
Telecom
DVB started with the aim
of delivering DTV services
to the home via satellite,
cable & terrestrial
networks.
The consumer was (and
is) also served by fixed
and wireless telecom
networks.
DVB also needed to
enable interactive
television. Thus the MHP
middleware specification
was developed.
Further enabling iTV was
the development of
return channel
specifications using the
telecom networks as well
as satellite, cable and
terrestrial networks.
source: www.dvb.org

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Broadcast
Fixed
Telecom
Wireless
Telecom
DVB 2.0
DVB in IP
IP in DVB
DVB →
GSM/UMTS...
In 2002, the DVB Project
launched a new work
programme: DVB 2.0 –
looking at the delivery of
broadcast services over
non-traditional networks.
source: www.dvb.org

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Broadcast
Fixed
Telecom
Wireless
Telecom
DVB in IP
IP in DVB
DVB →
GSM/UMTS...
source: www.dvb.org
DVB 3.0
CBMS
Late in 2004 DVB agreed
on a new work programme
for the future – DVB 3.0
HDTV, HN, CPCM, CBMS, …

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Areas of Strategic Importance for DVB 3.0
Convergence of broadcast and mobile services
– WiFi, WiMax
– 2 G, 3 G, beyond 3 G
Convergence of broadcast and IP fixed network services
– DSL
– QoS management
– Local storage
Solutions to support service interoperability across multiple
networks and platforms
– Content coding
– Middleware and PCF
– In-home distribution
– Content protection and copy management

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Why HDTV

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Better viewer experience

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How HDTV

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How HDTV
Source coding
– Progress in video compression technology
– Progress in audio coding technology
Delivery
– Broadband transmission
– New transmission technologies
DVB-S2/T2/C2
Display devices
– Flat Panel Display
– Higher resolution

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Do you have enough
“reasons to change”?

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EBU EBU TECHNICAL REVIEW – 2009 Q1
Currently, there are over 150 HDTV channels available in
Europe – and the number continues to grow, in spite of the
recession.
But if we look back to our early dream – which was a “European
surge in demand for HDTV” in 2005, with the football World Cup
taking place at that time – we would have to admit that the rollout
is, well, successful ... but slower than we thought it would be.
Could we have foreseen this?
It may be useful to ask why digital rollouts have been as we
thought they would be, or slower than we thought, and whether
we can learn from the past when we consider the next generation
of media.

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Chance to Change

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Golden Rules?
For each separate element of the value chain, there must be a
strong balance in the “why change?” column. The more there is in
the “why not change” column, the higher the risk of a slow rollout
or possibly a failure.
One of the most important elements is that if any one of the value
chain elements does not have the magic dust – a major reason to
change – then probably the change will not happen at all.
Everyone must gain something, or the ship will not sail.

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HD Services
MPEG2 Video
AC3 Audio
1st Generation HD
720/P/50
DVB-S
DVB-T
DVB-C
H.264/AVC Video or
VC1 Video
AC3 Audio or
Enhanced AC3 or
MPEG4 HE-AAC
2nd Generation HD
720/P/50
DVB-S2
DVB-T
DVB-H included
DVB-C
Next Generation A/V
Compression or
Enhanced AC3 or
MPEG4 HE-AAC
3rd Generation HD
1080/P/50
DVB-S2
DVB-T
DVB-H included
DVB-T2 included
DVB-C
Start HD in the 2005 Start HD in the 2006~2009 Start HD in the 2010~
Source: EBU (European Broadcasting Union) Tech 3298-E, 2004 Oct

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HDTV
HDTV – High Definition Television
– 720p以上之影像格式
Super Hi-Vision
– 解析度更高
– NHK所開發

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回顧
HD的影像壓縮標準
– MPEG-2
– MPEG-4
– AVC/H.264
– SVC
– ...
HD的影像格式
– 720p
– 1080i
– 1080p
– ...

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回顧
HDTV顯示器
HDTV傳輸與接收
台灣HDTV試播時程

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各國現況

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各國現況
美國
– 電視機須內建數位電視接收功能
– 數位電視機上盒折扣卷
德國
– 地面廣播已全面數位化
法國
– 2011全面數位化
– HDTV採AVC/H.264
英國
– 2012全面數位化
– BBC大力支持DVB-T2
日本
– 2011全面數位化

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台灣

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台灣HDTV議題
影像格式
頻譜規劃
內容製作
商業營運模式
管理法規與推廣政策
市場競爭

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服務及應用趨勢

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互動電視服務
 Personalized news
 Home networks
 Push applications
 Software distributions
 Pay-per-view, video-on-demand
 Distance learning
 Alerts for schedules, programs, emergency
 Enhanced broadcast with embedded
information, data
 Electronic coupons
 Electronic newspapers and magazines
 Secondary audio channel
 Home banking, financial transactions
 Personalized content
 Hidden data channels
 Impulse buying
 Streaming data services
 Usage statistics
 Electronic program guide
 Web browsing
 Sports status and scores
 Stock ticker
 Animation overlay
 Games, tournaments
 Messaging and email
 Polls
 Interactive stories
 GUI look and feel
 Presentation styles
 Home control and security

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Stock Information and Java Games

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Examples of Services

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服務匯流
在任何環境之下，使用者可以根據其需求，經由其選擇的任何網路，來使用其想
要的任何服務
– 任何環境：如固定或行動傳輸網路環境；有線或無線傳輸網路環境；廣播
（broadcast）或群播（multicast）或單點傳播（unicast）的傳輸網路；或各式傳輸
接取網路的任意組合（如下傳是用行動電視廣播網路，上傳是用3G電信網路）
– 任何網路：目前所有可用的傳輸接取網路技術，如：有線之光纖及xDSL傳輸網路；
無線之WiFi、WiMAX網路；行動電信網路2G/3G/4G網路；數位電視廣播網路DVB-
H/T/T2/C/S/S2等
– 任何服務：多媒體影音娛樂服務、資訊服務、通訊服務等
– 使用者需求：使用者決定何時、何地、以及其所需的服務，自由的選擇並使用
服務的傳遞將由IP Protocol來傳輸
– 將應用服務、IP層、實體網路接取層區分開來
– 可具有彈性以因應未來多樣化及個人化的服務產生
– 亦可因應未來新的網路傳輸技術的發展
– 對法規政策制定者而言，僅需依服務形式及內容來制定管理法規或政策，不需因為新
技術的發展，導致需隨時修改法規及政策

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DVB-IPDC Protocol Stack

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服務創新
「服務創新」就是在既有的服務中去創新，去思索此服務是否能加
入新的元素來豐富使用者的消費體驗
如在益智問答的現場節目中，直接利用雙向傳輸管道及視音訊攝錄
裝置接收觀眾的回應來創造另一種現場實況的參與模式（取代現行
利用電話Call in或Call out的參與模式）

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創新服務
「創新服務」就是去開發一個前所未有的服務型態或服務內容來吸
引使用者
如搭配棒球賽的實況轉播，利用具力量回饋與加速度偵測的遙控器，
用以揮擊利用高速數位攝影機拍下之王建民所投的快速下沉球，使
用者可經由行動電話同步接收球的運行資訊並計算虛擬球棒與球撞
擊之時間點，而進一步計算出球隨後的飛行路徑與接觸力大小，使
用者就可感受到如保齡球般沉重的快速下沉球，而不是僅有美國大
聯盟的選手可以感受到