The 1916 uprising in Dublin lasted 6 days, from Easter Monday to Saturday. It was led by the Irish Volunteers and Irish Citizen Army who took over several buildings in Dublin, with their headquarters at the General Post Office. Over 1,200 rebels participated in the uprising against British rule. There was heavy fighting and many casualties, including over 400 rebels killed and 2,000 injured. In the aftermath, 15 rebel leaders were executed by British authorities. The uprising failed militarily but succeeded in galvanizing Irish public opinion and was a key event on the path towards Irish independence.
This document provides a detailed overview of political developments in Ireland in the early 20th century. It describes how Ireland was still part of the British Empire in 1900 and governed indirectly. It outlines the divisions between Nationalists who wanted self-rule and Unionists who wanted to remain part of the UK. It also discusses the growth of Sinn Fein and the Irish cultural revival in the late 19th/early 20th century. The document then focuses on the path to the 1916 Easter Rising, the War of Independence from 1919-1921 and the subsequent Anglo-Irish Treaty and Civil War from 1921-1923.
The document provides background information on the Easter Rising of 1916 in Ireland. It discusses the roots of Irish unrest and failed rebellions leading up to 1916. It profiles the leaders of the 1916 uprising, Padraic Pearse and James Connolly. It describes the uprising itself, which lasted six days in Dublin and declared an Irish Republic. Though the rebellion was defeated, it garnered sympathy for the Irish cause and paved the way for continued resistance against British rule.
The document summarizes plans for the 1916 Easter Rising in Ireland. It describes how the Irish Volunteers and Citizen's Army planned an uprising to end British rule in Ireland and establish an independent republic. Their plans were disrupted when British intelligence intercepted a shipment of weapons from Germany. On Easter Monday 1916, the rebels went ahead and took over key locations in Dublin, reading the Easter Proclamation. After six days of fighting, the rebels surrendered to British forces. This led to hundreds of arrests and executions, turning the rebel leaders into martyrs and galvanizing Irish nationalism.
Ireland and the search for independenceCorrieBowes
The government of Ireland changed drastically from 1800-1921. Ireland was originally ruled by the British government in Westminster and Irish MPs had little power. Many Irish people wanted self-rule, known as Home Rule. After the 1916 Easter Rising and War of Independence against Britain, Ireland established its own parliament, the Dáil, in 1919. However, the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921 created the Irish Free State, establishing an independent Ireland but still within the British Empire. This caused division as some wanted a full republic separate from Britain.
Roger Casement was an Irish nationalist born in 1864 near Dublin. He had a Protestant upbringing but was secretly baptized Catholic at age three. He worked for the British Foreign Office investigating human rights abuses in Africa and South America. Later in life, he joined the Gaelic League and Sinn Féin to advocate for Irish independence. In 1916, Casement traveled to Germany seeking support for the Easter Rising but was arrested after landing in Ireland. He was convicted of treason and hanged in London at age 51.
The document summarizes anti-Irish sentiment in 19th century Britain through quotes from prominent British figures expressing derogatory and discriminatory views towards the Irish people. It led to the growth of the Irish revolutionary movement which began culturally but grew politically through organizations like the Gaelic League, Irish Volunteers, and the secret Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB). This culminated in the 1916 Easter Rising in Dublin where republicans declared an Irish Republic independent of Britain for 6 days before surrendering. Though a military failure, it sparked Irish independence and the eventual establishment of the Irish Free State and modern Republic of Ireland.
Ireland declared itself neutral during World War 2, a period it referred to as "The Emergency". Eamon De Valera was the Taoiseach at this time. Though neutral, Ireland still felt effects of the war through censorship of news, rationing of food like sugar and meat, and shortages of coal that limited transportation options and required alternative fuels like turf. The document discusses both the advantages and disadvantages Ireland faced in remaining neutral.
This document provides a detailed overview of political developments in Ireland in the early 20th century. It describes how Ireland was still part of the British Empire in 1900 and governed indirectly. It outlines the divisions between Nationalists who wanted self-rule and Unionists who wanted to remain part of the UK. It also discusses the growth of Sinn Fein and the Irish cultural revival in the late 19th/early 20th century. The document then focuses on the path to the 1916 Easter Rising, the War of Independence from 1919-1921 and the subsequent Anglo-Irish Treaty and Civil War from 1921-1923.
The document provides background information on the Easter Rising of 1916 in Ireland. It discusses the roots of Irish unrest and failed rebellions leading up to 1916. It profiles the leaders of the 1916 uprising, Padraic Pearse and James Connolly. It describes the uprising itself, which lasted six days in Dublin and declared an Irish Republic. Though the rebellion was defeated, it garnered sympathy for the Irish cause and paved the way for continued resistance against British rule.
The document summarizes plans for the 1916 Easter Rising in Ireland. It describes how the Irish Volunteers and Citizen's Army planned an uprising to end British rule in Ireland and establish an independent republic. Their plans were disrupted when British intelligence intercepted a shipment of weapons from Germany. On Easter Monday 1916, the rebels went ahead and took over key locations in Dublin, reading the Easter Proclamation. After six days of fighting, the rebels surrendered to British forces. This led to hundreds of arrests and executions, turning the rebel leaders into martyrs and galvanizing Irish nationalism.
Ireland and the search for independenceCorrieBowes
The government of Ireland changed drastically from 1800-1921. Ireland was originally ruled by the British government in Westminster and Irish MPs had little power. Many Irish people wanted self-rule, known as Home Rule. After the 1916 Easter Rising and War of Independence against Britain, Ireland established its own parliament, the Dáil, in 1919. However, the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921 created the Irish Free State, establishing an independent Ireland but still within the British Empire. This caused division as some wanted a full republic separate from Britain.
Roger Casement was an Irish nationalist born in 1864 near Dublin. He had a Protestant upbringing but was secretly baptized Catholic at age three. He worked for the British Foreign Office investigating human rights abuses in Africa and South America. Later in life, he joined the Gaelic League and Sinn Féin to advocate for Irish independence. In 1916, Casement traveled to Germany seeking support for the Easter Rising but was arrested after landing in Ireland. He was convicted of treason and hanged in London at age 51.
The document summarizes anti-Irish sentiment in 19th century Britain through quotes from prominent British figures expressing derogatory and discriminatory views towards the Irish people. It led to the growth of the Irish revolutionary movement which began culturally but grew politically through organizations like the Gaelic League, Irish Volunteers, and the secret Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB). This culminated in the 1916 Easter Rising in Dublin where republicans declared an Irish Republic independent of Britain for 6 days before surrendering. Though a military failure, it sparked Irish independence and the eventual establishment of the Irish Free State and modern Republic of Ireland.
Ireland declared itself neutral during World War 2, a period it referred to as "The Emergency". Eamon De Valera was the Taoiseach at this time. Though neutral, Ireland still felt effects of the war through censorship of news, rationing of food like sugar and meat, and shortages of coal that limited transportation options and required alternative fuels like turf. The document discusses both the advantages and disadvantages Ireland faced in remaining neutral.
This document provides a timeline and overview of Anglo-Irish relations from the 11th century up until the early 20th century. It describes the various invasions and periods of English and Irish rule over the island. Key events included the Anglo-Norman invasion in 1171, Henry VIII declaring himself King of Ireland in 1541, several rebellions against English rule, the Acts of Union in 1801, the push for Catholic emancipation, and the eventual partition of Ireland and establishment of separate parliaments for Northern Ireland and what would become the Irish Free State through the Government of Ireland Act in 1920.
The document provides information on several famous people and places from history. It discusses notable figures like Winston Churchill, Isambard Kingdom Brunel, Diana Princess of Wales, Charles Darwin, William Shakespeare, Sir Isaac Newton, and Elizabeth I. It also describes important locations in the UK like Ironbridge Gorge, Stonehenge, Westminster Abbey, the Tower of London, Canterbury Cathedral, Edinburgh, and the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew.
The Easter Rising took place in Dublin in 1916 and was the first rebellion in Ireland since 1798. About 1,250 Irish Republican Brotherhood members, Irish Citizen Army members, and Cumman na mBan members seized control of parts of Dublin, with their headquarters at the GPO. Pádraig Pearse read the Proclamation of Independence from the GPO but after fierce fighting, the rebels surrendered to British forces the following Saturday. Elizabeth O'Farrell, a midwife and member of Cumman na mBan, served as a messenger and nurse during the Rising and delivered the surrender message to the British Army, though she was later imprisoned for months.
The 1916 Rising in Dublin began on Easter Monday when 150 Irish Volunteers marched from Liberty Hall to the General Post Office (GPO) under the command of Pádraig Pearse. Pearse proclaimed the Irish Republic from the GPO and the Irish flag was raised. Over the next few days, Volunteers occupied other buildings around Dublin and fought British troops. On Thursday, as the GPO burned, Pearse ordered the evacuation and surrender. By 7pm that evening, the leaders had surrendered, ending the Rising after six days of fighting and over 200 British casualties.
This document summarizes the history of Irish nationalism and cultural revival in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It discusses the rise of Irish cultural nationalism through organizations promoting the Irish language and traditional arts. It also outlines the growth of political nationalism and the movement for Irish home rule, as well as opposition from unionists in Ulster. Key events discussed include the founding of the Gaelic League and Abbey Theatre, as well as the proposed home rule bills and unionist resistance led by Carson. Women played an important role in Irish nationalism through organizations like Cumann na mBan and Inghinidhe na hÉireann.
The 1715 Jacobite Rebellion in Scotland was led by John Erskine, Earl of Mar, who raised the Jacobite standard in September 1715. Mar assembled a force of 9,000 men at Sheriffmuir near Dunblane in November to confront the Hanoverian government forces led by the Duke of Argyll. The two armies engaged in the Battle of Sheriffmuir on November 13th, where both sides' flanking forces were victorious but the centers were indecisive, resulting in both sides claiming victory. After the battle, Mar's forces retreated while the government forces withdrew to Dunblane. The Jacobite rebellion largely dissolved over the following months as support waned, and both Mar and
IRELAND - Part 5 : ANGLO-NORMAN in IRELANDabouzari_vaz
1) In the 12th century, an Irish king named Dermot Mac Murrough attacked another Irish king and took his wife. He was then driven out of Ireland by his enemies and sought help from the King of England, Henry II.
2) In 1169, Henry II sent men to Ireland to help Dermot. However, Henry's men stayed and began taking land for themselves, building cities and castles. Henry then declared himself King of England and Ireland.
3) For the next 400 years, English kings tried to rule Ireland from Dublin but faced resistance from Irish kings who did not want to be ruled by England. There was ongoing conflict between the English and Irish in Ireland.
The group chose to discuss Ireland, focusing on history, music, flags, language, myths, legends, food, holidays, religion, and how intercultural communication relates. Members were assigned topics: Justin (religion), James (holidays), Moiri (food), Anthony (myths and legends), Liz (language), and Natasha S (history, music, flags). They will also discuss how nonverbal communication relates to holidays and food stereotypes. Traditional Irish music has ancient origins in drinking songs, ballads and laments. Instruments include the uilleann pipes, bodhran, fiddle, flute, accordion and concertina. In the 1950s, groups like Comhaltas Ceol
The group chose to discuss Ireland, focusing on history, music, flags, language, myths, legends, food, holidays, religion, and how intercultural communication relates. Members were assigned topics: Justin (religion), James (holidays), Moiri (food), Anthony (myths and legends), Liz (language), and Natasha S (history, music, flags). They will also discuss how nonverbal communication relates to holidays and food stereotypes. Traditional Irish music has ancient origins in drinking songs, ballads and laments. Instruments include the uilleann pipes, bodhran, fiddle, flute, accordion and concertina. In the 1950s, groups like Comhaltas Ceol
Michael Collins was born in 1890 in County Cork, Ireland. He had a difficult childhood, taking over the family farm at a young age after his father was killed. Collins joined the Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB) and played an important role in the 1916 Easter Rising, leading troops and helping to acquire weapons. He later helped form the Irish Republican Army and served as the IRA's director of intelligence during the Irish War of Independence from 1919-1921. Collins negotiated the Anglo-Irish Treaty in 1921 that led to the establishment of the Irish Free State but partitioned Ireland. This caused a split in Sinn Fein and led to the Irish Civil War between Collins' pro-Treaty forces and those of Eamon
The document summarizes Ireland's policy of neutrality during World War 2. It discusses how Ireland declared neutrality in 1939 to avoid taking sides in the conflict and angering either side. The policy emphasized Ireland's independence but also caused economic hardships as imports were cut off. The government established rationing and departments to increase self-sufficiency. There were also threats to neutrality from the IRA and German spies. Overall neutrality helped Ireland avoid direct involvement in the war but also led to international isolation and stagnation in the postwar years.
Dowling Library Newsletter Article July 2010Wendy H. King
This document provides information about the First All-Irish Library in San Francisco. It discusses books and videos in the library's collection related to Irish Americans in the Civil War and Ireland. Specifically, it notes that 150,000 Irish-born soldiers fought for the Union while 40,000 with Irish roots fought for the Confederacy. It recommends several books on Irish regiments and brigades. The library also has a collection of videos on Irish history, culture and landscapes that can be viewed on site.
The document summarizes the history of Ireland from the 17th century to modern day. It discusses British colonization of Ireland, the Great Famine in the 1800s that caused mass emigration, the Easter Rising rebellion against British rule in 1916, the Anglo-Irish Treaty in 1921 that partitioned Ireland into Northern Ireland and the Irish Free State, and the religious and political conflicts known as "The Troubles" that plagued Northern Ireland from the 1960s to the 1990s peace process.
The First Dáil was established in 1919 by Sinn Féin members who refused to take seats in the British House of Commons. They began organizing their own government and courts in Ireland. The War of Independence began in 1919 with an IRA ambush of British forces. The IRA used guerrilla tactics against the British army. Michael Collins established an intelligence network to gather information on British spies and informers. As the conflict escalated, the British recruited the Black and Tans and Auxiliaries, whose reprisal attacks harmed many innocent Irish civilians. There were several major violent incidents in 1920-1921 until both sides agreed to a truce in July 1921 due to shortages on the IRA side and rising criticism and
This document discusses the complexity of the 1916 Easter Rising in Ireland, highlighting several key points:
1) There were rebels from places like England, Scotland, and Wales fighting alongside Irish rebels, while many British soldiers stationed in Dublin were from Irish regiments.
2) Brothers literally fought against each other, both among the rebels and British forces. Some rebels even later joined the British army.
3) Treatment of rebel prisoners could be harsher at the hands of Irish soldiers like the Dublin Fusiliers than British-born soldiers.
4) The realities of the period were multifaceted and defy simplistic narratives, as Irishness and allegiance cut across sides in the conflict.
The document discusses the history of English involvement in Ireland dating back to 1169 when Henry II claimed Ireland for England. It led to centuries of conflict and English attempts to assert control over Ireland through military conquest and plantation settlements. This caused the displacement of Irish peoples and established religious and political divisions between Protestant and Catholic communities that continue today in Northern Ireland.
The document summarizes key locations related to the 1916 Easter Rising in Dublin. It describes that Richmond Barracks held Irish Volunteer and Citizen Army prisoners after the rising ended, where their trials were held. It then lists the names and details of those executed after being court-martialed. The South Dublin Union, Four Courts, Mendicity Institute, Royal Barracks (now Collins Barracks), Linenhall Barracks, General Post Office, Moore Street, O'Connell Street, Abbey Street and Liberty Hall are also mentioned as sites that saw fighting or were occupied during the rising.
Winston Churchill had various connections to Ireland throughout his life. He visited Ireland in 1912 to advocate for Home Rule but was mobbed by protesters. Churchill believed Ireland could remain part of the British Empire as a dominion like Canada with more autonomy. In 1914, he sent battleships to Belfast to maintain order amid threats of violence. The Easter Rising in 1916 saw Irish nationalists seize buildings in Dublin and proclaim an Irish Republic, though it was quickly suppressed by the British. A war of independence followed as Irish republicans fought British rule, leading Churchill to form the Black and Tans paramilitary force. A truce in 1921 began negotiations, and the Irish Free State was created the following year, partitioning Ireland.
Michael Collins was born in 1890 in County Cork, Ireland. He became involved in Irish nationalist organizations as a young man and fought in the 1916 Easter Rising against British rule. After being imprisoned, Collins helped establish the revolutionary Dail Eireann government in 1919 and led Ireland's war of independence against Britain. In 1921, he reluctantly agreed to negotiate a treaty that partitioned Ireland and led to the establishment of the Irish Free State, hoping it would eventually lead to a united Ireland. However, he was assassinated in 1922 by anti-treaty IRA forces during the Irish Civil War. A statue was later erected in his honor in his hometown of Clonakilty.
The French disembarked at Kilcummin, Killala, Co Mayo on 22nd August 1798. Humbert surrendered on 8th September at Ballinamuck Co Longford, leaving his Irish allies to be massacred indiscriminately. Read the sad tragic 1798 history of Addergoole and its environs involvement in this, the last invasion of Ireland. What shines out through the deep misery and sorrow is the bravery of those lost souls, with some humour in Addergoole’s survival stories.
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptxEduSkills OECD
Iván Bornacelly, Policy Analyst at the OECD Centre for Skills, OECD, presents at the webinar 'Tackling job market gaps with a skills-first approach' on 12 June 2024
This document provides a timeline and overview of Anglo-Irish relations from the 11th century up until the early 20th century. It describes the various invasions and periods of English and Irish rule over the island. Key events included the Anglo-Norman invasion in 1171, Henry VIII declaring himself King of Ireland in 1541, several rebellions against English rule, the Acts of Union in 1801, the push for Catholic emancipation, and the eventual partition of Ireland and establishment of separate parliaments for Northern Ireland and what would become the Irish Free State through the Government of Ireland Act in 1920.
The document provides information on several famous people and places from history. It discusses notable figures like Winston Churchill, Isambard Kingdom Brunel, Diana Princess of Wales, Charles Darwin, William Shakespeare, Sir Isaac Newton, and Elizabeth I. It also describes important locations in the UK like Ironbridge Gorge, Stonehenge, Westminster Abbey, the Tower of London, Canterbury Cathedral, Edinburgh, and the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew.
The Easter Rising took place in Dublin in 1916 and was the first rebellion in Ireland since 1798. About 1,250 Irish Republican Brotherhood members, Irish Citizen Army members, and Cumman na mBan members seized control of parts of Dublin, with their headquarters at the GPO. Pádraig Pearse read the Proclamation of Independence from the GPO but after fierce fighting, the rebels surrendered to British forces the following Saturday. Elizabeth O'Farrell, a midwife and member of Cumman na mBan, served as a messenger and nurse during the Rising and delivered the surrender message to the British Army, though she was later imprisoned for months.
The 1916 Rising in Dublin began on Easter Monday when 150 Irish Volunteers marched from Liberty Hall to the General Post Office (GPO) under the command of Pádraig Pearse. Pearse proclaimed the Irish Republic from the GPO and the Irish flag was raised. Over the next few days, Volunteers occupied other buildings around Dublin and fought British troops. On Thursday, as the GPO burned, Pearse ordered the evacuation and surrender. By 7pm that evening, the leaders had surrendered, ending the Rising after six days of fighting and over 200 British casualties.
This document summarizes the history of Irish nationalism and cultural revival in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It discusses the rise of Irish cultural nationalism through organizations promoting the Irish language and traditional arts. It also outlines the growth of political nationalism and the movement for Irish home rule, as well as opposition from unionists in Ulster. Key events discussed include the founding of the Gaelic League and Abbey Theatre, as well as the proposed home rule bills and unionist resistance led by Carson. Women played an important role in Irish nationalism through organizations like Cumann na mBan and Inghinidhe na hÉireann.
The 1715 Jacobite Rebellion in Scotland was led by John Erskine, Earl of Mar, who raised the Jacobite standard in September 1715. Mar assembled a force of 9,000 men at Sheriffmuir near Dunblane in November to confront the Hanoverian government forces led by the Duke of Argyll. The two armies engaged in the Battle of Sheriffmuir on November 13th, where both sides' flanking forces were victorious but the centers were indecisive, resulting in both sides claiming victory. After the battle, Mar's forces retreated while the government forces withdrew to Dunblane. The Jacobite rebellion largely dissolved over the following months as support waned, and both Mar and
IRELAND - Part 5 : ANGLO-NORMAN in IRELANDabouzari_vaz
1) In the 12th century, an Irish king named Dermot Mac Murrough attacked another Irish king and took his wife. He was then driven out of Ireland by his enemies and sought help from the King of England, Henry II.
2) In 1169, Henry II sent men to Ireland to help Dermot. However, Henry's men stayed and began taking land for themselves, building cities and castles. Henry then declared himself King of England and Ireland.
3) For the next 400 years, English kings tried to rule Ireland from Dublin but faced resistance from Irish kings who did not want to be ruled by England. There was ongoing conflict between the English and Irish in Ireland.
The group chose to discuss Ireland, focusing on history, music, flags, language, myths, legends, food, holidays, religion, and how intercultural communication relates. Members were assigned topics: Justin (religion), James (holidays), Moiri (food), Anthony (myths and legends), Liz (language), and Natasha S (history, music, flags). They will also discuss how nonverbal communication relates to holidays and food stereotypes. Traditional Irish music has ancient origins in drinking songs, ballads and laments. Instruments include the uilleann pipes, bodhran, fiddle, flute, accordion and concertina. In the 1950s, groups like Comhaltas Ceol
The group chose to discuss Ireland, focusing on history, music, flags, language, myths, legends, food, holidays, religion, and how intercultural communication relates. Members were assigned topics: Justin (religion), James (holidays), Moiri (food), Anthony (myths and legends), Liz (language), and Natasha S (history, music, flags). They will also discuss how nonverbal communication relates to holidays and food stereotypes. Traditional Irish music has ancient origins in drinking songs, ballads and laments. Instruments include the uilleann pipes, bodhran, fiddle, flute, accordion and concertina. In the 1950s, groups like Comhaltas Ceol
Michael Collins was born in 1890 in County Cork, Ireland. He had a difficult childhood, taking over the family farm at a young age after his father was killed. Collins joined the Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB) and played an important role in the 1916 Easter Rising, leading troops and helping to acquire weapons. He later helped form the Irish Republican Army and served as the IRA's director of intelligence during the Irish War of Independence from 1919-1921. Collins negotiated the Anglo-Irish Treaty in 1921 that led to the establishment of the Irish Free State but partitioned Ireland. This caused a split in Sinn Fein and led to the Irish Civil War between Collins' pro-Treaty forces and those of Eamon
The document summarizes Ireland's policy of neutrality during World War 2. It discusses how Ireland declared neutrality in 1939 to avoid taking sides in the conflict and angering either side. The policy emphasized Ireland's independence but also caused economic hardships as imports were cut off. The government established rationing and departments to increase self-sufficiency. There were also threats to neutrality from the IRA and German spies. Overall neutrality helped Ireland avoid direct involvement in the war but also led to international isolation and stagnation in the postwar years.
Dowling Library Newsletter Article July 2010Wendy H. King
This document provides information about the First All-Irish Library in San Francisco. It discusses books and videos in the library's collection related to Irish Americans in the Civil War and Ireland. Specifically, it notes that 150,000 Irish-born soldiers fought for the Union while 40,000 with Irish roots fought for the Confederacy. It recommends several books on Irish regiments and brigades. The library also has a collection of videos on Irish history, culture and landscapes that can be viewed on site.
The document summarizes the history of Ireland from the 17th century to modern day. It discusses British colonization of Ireland, the Great Famine in the 1800s that caused mass emigration, the Easter Rising rebellion against British rule in 1916, the Anglo-Irish Treaty in 1921 that partitioned Ireland into Northern Ireland and the Irish Free State, and the religious and political conflicts known as "The Troubles" that plagued Northern Ireland from the 1960s to the 1990s peace process.
The First Dáil was established in 1919 by Sinn Féin members who refused to take seats in the British House of Commons. They began organizing their own government and courts in Ireland. The War of Independence began in 1919 with an IRA ambush of British forces. The IRA used guerrilla tactics against the British army. Michael Collins established an intelligence network to gather information on British spies and informers. As the conflict escalated, the British recruited the Black and Tans and Auxiliaries, whose reprisal attacks harmed many innocent Irish civilians. There were several major violent incidents in 1920-1921 until both sides agreed to a truce in July 1921 due to shortages on the IRA side and rising criticism and
This document discusses the complexity of the 1916 Easter Rising in Ireland, highlighting several key points:
1) There were rebels from places like England, Scotland, and Wales fighting alongside Irish rebels, while many British soldiers stationed in Dublin were from Irish regiments.
2) Brothers literally fought against each other, both among the rebels and British forces. Some rebels even later joined the British army.
3) Treatment of rebel prisoners could be harsher at the hands of Irish soldiers like the Dublin Fusiliers than British-born soldiers.
4) The realities of the period were multifaceted and defy simplistic narratives, as Irishness and allegiance cut across sides in the conflict.
The document discusses the history of English involvement in Ireland dating back to 1169 when Henry II claimed Ireland for England. It led to centuries of conflict and English attempts to assert control over Ireland through military conquest and plantation settlements. This caused the displacement of Irish peoples and established religious and political divisions between Protestant and Catholic communities that continue today in Northern Ireland.
The document summarizes key locations related to the 1916 Easter Rising in Dublin. It describes that Richmond Barracks held Irish Volunteer and Citizen Army prisoners after the rising ended, where their trials were held. It then lists the names and details of those executed after being court-martialed. The South Dublin Union, Four Courts, Mendicity Institute, Royal Barracks (now Collins Barracks), Linenhall Barracks, General Post Office, Moore Street, O'Connell Street, Abbey Street and Liberty Hall are also mentioned as sites that saw fighting or were occupied during the rising.
Winston Churchill had various connections to Ireland throughout his life. He visited Ireland in 1912 to advocate for Home Rule but was mobbed by protesters. Churchill believed Ireland could remain part of the British Empire as a dominion like Canada with more autonomy. In 1914, he sent battleships to Belfast to maintain order amid threats of violence. The Easter Rising in 1916 saw Irish nationalists seize buildings in Dublin and proclaim an Irish Republic, though it was quickly suppressed by the British. A war of independence followed as Irish republicans fought British rule, leading Churchill to form the Black and Tans paramilitary force. A truce in 1921 began negotiations, and the Irish Free State was created the following year, partitioning Ireland.
Michael Collins was born in 1890 in County Cork, Ireland. He became involved in Irish nationalist organizations as a young man and fought in the 1916 Easter Rising against British rule. After being imprisoned, Collins helped establish the revolutionary Dail Eireann government in 1919 and led Ireland's war of independence against Britain. In 1921, he reluctantly agreed to negotiate a treaty that partitioned Ireland and led to the establishment of the Irish Free State, hoping it would eventually lead to a united Ireland. However, he was assassinated in 1922 by anti-treaty IRA forces during the Irish Civil War. A statue was later erected in his honor in his hometown of Clonakilty.
The French disembarked at Kilcummin, Killala, Co Mayo on 22nd August 1798. Humbert surrendered on 8th September at Ballinamuck Co Longford, leaving his Irish allies to be massacred indiscriminately. Read the sad tragic 1798 history of Addergoole and its environs involvement in this, the last invasion of Ireland. What shines out through the deep misery and sorrow is the bravery of those lost souls, with some humour in Addergoole’s survival stories.
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptxEduSkills OECD
Iván Bornacelly, Policy Analyst at the OECD Centre for Skills, OECD, presents at the webinar 'Tackling job market gaps with a skills-first approach' on 12 June 2024
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Training: ISO/IEC 27001 Information Security Management System - EN | PECB
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General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) - Training Courses - EN | PECB
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Article: https://pecb.com/article
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Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
spot a liar (Haiqa 146).pptx Technical writhing and presentation skills
16121.pptx
1. 1916 Uprising
Assessing what the children already know :
When did the event take place?
Where did it take place?
Who participated?
Were they successful?
Note: I estimate that it will take at least two days to explain
Useful website N1. http://www.nli.ie/1916
2. 1914 -1918 First World War
24th July 1914 – 11th November 1918 (5 seasons)
The British army was extremely busy. Approximately 200,000 Irish soldiers participated in W.W.1
(North and South) and fought for the British army.(350,000 according to www.rte.ie/1918/thefallen.html)
Mainly England, France, and Russia versus Germany and the Austrian Hungarian Empire.
In total 30 countries were involved. Allies v Triple Axis.
Some of the Irish fought for the American, Canadian and Australian armies.
Approximately 49,000 Irish soldiers were killed. Many more were seriously injured.
http://imr.inflandersfields.be/search.html Data base of those killed (Simple insert a name or Town)
In total 9 million soldiers were killed and 21million were wounded.1million killed in the battle of
the Somme alone.
Many believed that by helping England, Irelands chances of achieving Home Rule
(limited Independence) would be greatly enhanced.
Others believed that a rebellion would be more productive.
1798 - The last big uprising in Ireland by the United Irishmen (mainly Wexford).
There were however three minor ones 1803 (Robert Emmet),1848 (Young Irelanders) and 1867
(I.R.B./Fenians).
3. A sample of posters used during WW1 which tried to encourage Irish men
to join the war.
4. The Aud and the Asgard
The Asgard was a relatively small boat (yacht): 900 guns were landed in Howth, Co. Dublin in July 1914 by
Erskin Childers and his family. In skirmishes that followed that evening in Dublin, four Irish were killed and 38
others were injured.
The Aud –& Rodger Casement. Germany were only too happy to help and sent a boat load of 20,000 guns to
Ireland. Communication was poor and the boat landed a few days early and was captured near Banna Beach in
Co. Kerry. The Captain of the Aud sank the boat as it was being escorted to Cobh in Cork.
A group marched from Dingle and from other parts of Kerry to Tralee in order to pick up the guns. They stayed
overnight in a disused skating Rink. www.bureauofmilitaryhistory.ie or http://cultura-
project.eu/1916/?q=artefact/WS1413
Rodger Casement arrived from Germany in a U Boat a fed days after the Aud and was captured. (Good Friday
21st April) He had also tried to recruit an Irish Brigade amongst the Irish who had been captured by the Germans
during WW1, but had very little success. Of a possible 2,300 Irish prisoners of war in Limburg prison only 56
volunteered. He was imprisoned in the tower of London and was hung in August 1916. In 1911 he had been
knighted by King George 5th for work which he had done in Peru and the Congo.
Gaelscoil Mhic Easmainn in Tralee is named in his honour.
When Eoin McNeill (Irish Volunteers) heard that that the attempt to land guns had been unsuccessful he placed
adds on the Sunday Paper cancelling the planned manoeuvres. Pearse and Connolly decided to go ahead with the
uprising.
5. The journey of the Aud from Germany, The Aud and the Asgard .
6. Easter Rising 1916
It lasted for six days
It started on Easter Monday 24th April 1916
It finished on Saturday 29th April
Headquarters G.P.O. (General Post Office) in O’ Connells Street
(Sackville Street)
10. Organisations which took part:
Cumann na mBan – 200 members took part
I.C.A. Irish Citizens Army – approx. 300 members
(Founded by James Larkin, James Connolly and Jack White in 1913 after the
Dublin Lockout of 1913)
Irish Volunteers (this organisation though under the command of Eoin
McNeill, had been infiltrated by the I.R.B)
Many of the Volunteers throughout Ireland did not take part as E. McNeill and
M.J. O Rahilly were happy due to the lack of guns and ammunition.
Note: In 1917 Cathal Brugha brought the I.C.A. and Volunteers together as a
new organisation which was called the IRA.
11. The leaders of the rebellion who signed the proclamation were
executed
1. Padraic Pearse - Dublin. Teacher, poet writer. He founded Scoil Éanna in
Rathfarnham, Co Dublin. Check out 1901 & 1911 – Padraic Mac Piarais
http://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/
2. Thomas J. Clarke – Born in England. Shopkeeper.
3. Seán Mac Diarmada – Co. Leitirim. Journalist.
4. Thomas McDonagh – Tipperary. He was in charge of Jacobs Mills.
He initially trained as a Priest but decided to become a teacher, also a poet.
5. Éamonn Ceannt - Galway. Accomplished Piper.
6. Joseph Plunkett – Dublin. Journalist and Poet.
7. James Connolly – Scotland. He was heavily involved in Trade Unions and he
founded the Labour Party. Connolly and James Larkin founded the I.C.A. (Irish
Citizens Army)
13. Others who were executed:
8.Con Colbert: Limerick
9. Edward Daly: Limerick. He was in charge of the Four Courts.
10. Seán Heuston: Dublin. He worked in Kings bridge Station (Heuston).
11. Thomas Kent: Cork – The only person to be executed in the rebellion who did not
take part in the Uprising. Captured in Cork. Kent Station in Cork City is named after him..
12. John MacBride: Mayo. Was married to Maude Gonne. Fought in Jacobs Mills.
13. Michael Mallin: Dublin. Mallin and Countess Markievitz fought in St. Stephens Greene
and in the Royal College of Surgeons. His son still became a Priest and lives in Hong Kong.
14. Michael O Hanrahan: Wexford. Harahan and Thomas McDonagh fought in Jacobs Mills.
15. William Pearse: Dublin. A younger brother of Pádraig Mac Piarais
16. Roger Casement: Hanged in London in August 1916.
97 others had been sentenced to death. On 12 May Prime Minister Asquith travelled to
Dublin and ordered that no more executions take place. http://www.nli.ie/1916
14. Other famous people who took part:
Éamonn de Valera. He was in charge of Boland's Mills. Probably
escaped execution as he had been born in New York. His father
was Spanish, but died when Eamonn was aged 2. He was reared
by his grandmother in Bruree, Co. Limerick. He later became
Taoiseach and President of Ireland.
http://www.clarelibrary.ie/eolas/coclare/people/eamon.htm
Michael Collins. Clonakilty, Co. Cork (the youngest of eight
children ,his father was aged 74 when Michael was born)
Cathal Brugha – Dublin
Tomás Ághas Liospóil, Dingle, Co. Kerry.
15. Éamon De Valera – Taoiseach agus President.
Michael Collins – Killed in August of 1922 during the Irish
Civil war in Béal na mBláth, Co. Cork.
16. Pádraig Mac Piarais – Dublin – Teacher, barrister,
writer, journalist, and poet.
He spent a good deal of time improving his Irish in Ros Muc,
Connemara.
He was hugely interested in the Irish Language.
He founded Scoil Éanna in Dublin (Ranelagh and Rathfarnham)
The holiday Cottage in Rosmuc is still standing.
Mise Éire:
Sine mé ná an Cailleach Bhéarra
Mór mo ghlóir:
Mé do rug Cú Chulainn cróga.
Mór mo náir:
Mo chlann féin a dhíol a máthair.
Mise Éire
Uaignaí mé ná an Cailleach Bhéarra.
18. Tomás Ághas
Born in Liospóil, Co. Kerry and a near relation to Gregory Peck
An enthusastic speaker of the Irish Language, an excellent singer and an accomplished piper.
Dingle’s G.A.A pitch, ‘Páirc an Ásaigh’, Ash St., Tralee and ‘Ashe Memorial Hall’ were named
in his honour.
He was a Primary School Principal in Corduff N.S. in Lusk, Co. Dublin.
He took command of the Volunteers in Ashbourne in Co. Meath.
He commanded approximately 50 men and captured a number of Barricks in the area.
He had been sentenced to death and was interned in England. Released in June 1917 but
rearrested in August 1917.
He died in September1917 aged 32. He had been on hunger strike and choked as a result of
being forced fed.
30,000 attended his funeral. Video footage still exists of the funeral.
Michael Collins gave the oration at his graveside.
www.bureauofmilitaryhistory.ie/reels/bmh/BMH.WS0645.pdf A fascinating account given by Tomás’s sister
Nora Aghas
20. Famous women who took prt
Countess Markievicz: Reared in Lisadell house in Slogo. The first
female politician to be elected to the English Parliament.
Elisabeth Farrell -midwife. She was in the G.P.O. during Easter
week and carried the message of surrender on behalf of Pearse.
21. Both these flags were flown over the G.P.O. during Easter week.
Thomas Francis Maher of Waterford had been presented the flag in
France shortly after the French Revolution of 1848. The Orange
symbolises the Orange Order, The Green symbolises the
Nationalists. White symbolised peace between the two groups.
22. Buildings in Dublin which were captured.
General Post Office(G.P.O.) Centre of communications in Dublin (Phones, Telegrams and Post)
Headquarters of uprising. Pádraig Mac Piaras was in charge of this building.
Liberty Hall - James Connolly and the ‘Irish Citizen Army’.
City Hall – located close to Dublin Castle.
South Dublin Union – now called St. James Hospital.
St. Stephens Green and the Royal College of Surgeon’s - English soldiers were on top of the
Shelbourne Hotel
Jacobs Biscuit Factory
Bolands Mills – close to the ambush at Mount St. Bridge - Eamonn De Valera was in charge here.
The Four Courts.
Areas outside of Ireland:
Ashbourne, Co. Meath Tomás Aghas was in charge here
Enniscorthy, Co. Wexford www.theirishstory.com/2012/04/10/the-easter-rising-in-county-wexford
23.
24. A source of amusement and bewilderment
Large crowds gathered on O Connells Street to have a look at the action on the Monday and
Tuesday. Some were disgusted as they dependent on the salaries and pension of their husbands
who were fighting/had died during WW1.
Once some people realised that the D.M.P./R.I.C. had abandoned the City centre, looting on a
grand scale commenced.
‘Glory be to God ,will you look at them breaking all the lovely windows ’ – the comments of a
Shawlie when she seen the windows of the G.P.O. been broken.
Residents of Fumbally Lane in the Liberties’, Dublin 8 attacked a group of Rebels.
Upon dismemberment the ‘Sherwood Foresters’ were welcomed in Kingstown (Dún Laoghaire).
One English soldier briefly met his Irish wife and children in Dún Laoghaire, shortly before he was
killed during the ambush near Mount St. Bridge
The National News Papers were not impressed (Independent and Times).The Irish Times hardly
mentions the uprising when it was printed on Tuesday of Easter Week.
The biggest amount of fatal casualties during Easter week was regular civilians and children.
25. Statistics:
Approximately 1,250 – 1,400 Rebels took part of which 200 were
women.
Approximately 400 were killed during week and about 2,000
were injured.
C. 40 Children (u16).
C. 150 civilians.
C. 66 Rebels.
C. 122 Soldiers and Police officers (D.M.P/R.I.C).
There were more Civilians and Children(190) killed than soldiers
and Rebels(188) (source – Children of the Rising by Joe Duffy)
27. The Battle of Mount St. Bridge.
http://www.theirishstory.com
This took place near Mount. St. Bridge.
At about midday on Wednesday a large group of approximately 2,000 English
reinforcements were marching towards the City centre. These soldiers were
generally young and had little experience. They had recently been recruited to
the British Army. A few hours earlier they had arrived in Dún Laoghaire
(Kingstown).
The Rebels though few in numbers (14) were strategically positioned.
Approximately 250 were either killed or injured.
The vast majority were English and 20 of those killed/injured were civilians..
28. The Helga, Machine Guns & Reinforcements.
The Helga gun boat anchored in the river Liffey.
The Helga had little difficulty knocking Liberty Hall.
From Wednesday onwards the City Centre came under constant fire - soon many
buildings were in flames.
The English army also had the use of machine guns.
By Friday, approximately 20,000 soldiers were in Dublin City –these had come from
various parts of Ireland, but particularly from the Curragh, Belfast and England.
There were huge food shortages in the city centre, as the area had been cordoned
off and refrigeration was practically non existent.
It took a few days for the British army to organise themselves, but once they did the
Rebels had little chance of success.
29. Saturday 29th April
As the G.P.O. was in ruins and on fire, it had to be abandoned on
Friday night.
The Rebels relocated to the vicinity of Moore St. at the rear of the
G.P.O.
General Maxwell who arrived on Friday gave a firm warning “Most
rigorous measures will be taken by me, I shall not hesitate to
destroy all buildings within any area occupied by rebels, and I warn
all person within the area to now surrender”
Troops from the South Staffordshire Regiment ran amok in North
King Street and killed 15 citizens.
After Pearse witnessed the killing of a publican and his family, he
felt he had no option but to surrender.
30. 3rd - 12th May 1916
Fourteen of the leaders were executed within a fortnight in Kilmainham Goal
N15. Thomas Kent who did not participate in the uprising was executed in Cork.
N16. Rodger Casement was hung in London in August 1916.
97 others had been sentenced to death.
It’s easy to remember how many were executed. ‘The 16 of 1916’.
Tomás Ághas died due to force feeding in September of 1917.
The British Government rounded up the Rebels and other known supporters.
Almost double the number that took part in the uprising were interned.
Approximately 1,850 were sent to a camp in Frongach in Wales and
approximately 650 more were sent to other parts of England. Many were released
within 7/8 months. ‘Francach’ was the nick name given to the camp by the Irish.
31. Aftermath and effect:
Though the uprising failed, it had massive implications and with the
passing of time the attitude of most ordinary people had changed. The
numbers of Irish killed/wounded during WW1 also contributed.
The first elections in Britain and Ireland since 1910 were held in
December 1918. There was none due to WW1.
Sinn Féin (who wanted a full Irish Republic) won 73 of 105 seats in
Ireland.
Some who had won seats, were in prison.
The Sinn Féin politicians who were elected, refused to take their seats in
Westminster.
A Provisional Government was set un in January 1919 (Mansion House)
War of Independence January 1919 – July 1921.
Civil War June 1922 – May 1923.