This is a 15 point basic checklist for an accessible research website. An accessible website is making it available/usable to everyone.

1. 15 POINTCHECKLISTFOR ANACCESSIBLERESEARCHWEBSITE October 2009

2. What is web accessibility?It is improving visitor’s overall experience by making your research website available / usable to everyone, or everyone your research is targeted at.

3. Everyone includes the disabled, hearing impaired or those with another form of disability.Accessibility also means other operating systems, browsers, connection types, screen sizes, or mobile devices have access to your website’s content.

4. 15 POINTCHECKLISTFOR ANACCESSIBLERESEARCHWEBSITE……

5. 1.USEWEB SAFEFONTS

6. Use ‘web safe’ fonts and sizes such as size 12 Arial or Verdana. Unsafe font Safe font

7. Why? Easier on the eye; Browsers & operating systems support safe fonts; More people will have access to your content

8. 2.PROVIDE ANOPTION FORCHANGEABLETEXT SIZE

9. Example of how the University of East Anglia allows visitors to change the text size of the website http://www.uea.ac.uk/ccp

10. Why? Disabled and poor-sighted visitors can consume information better; Visitors stay on your website due to overall better experience

11. 3.USEHIGHCOLOURCONTRAST

12. Which box is easier to read? Try to read this Try to read this

13. Why? Easier for everyone to consume information; More likely to retain visitors; Easier for visitors with low vision to read

14. 4.LIMITANIMATIONS

15. Limiting the use of animations, particularly moving and flashing text or images is recommended.

16. Why? Those with epilepsy and other photosensitive disorders can safely browse the site; Less animations often lead to more trust (visitors stay longer and return to the site)

17. 5.TEXTALTERNATIVETO USINGCOLOUR FOR EMPHASIS

18. Colour is often used effectively to emphasise certain graphics. This emphasis can be difficult to see for visually impaired visitors and on certain screens.It is worthwhile to provide text alternatives when graphically presenting content.

19. Example of how Cass Business School’s Centre for Charitable Giving and Philanthropy provides a text alternative to graphics http://www.cass.city.ac.uk/philanthropy/index.html

20. Why? Visually impaired visitors are provided an alternative; Website is better indexed on search engines, which still prefer text over images & animation

21. 6.CREATE ATEXT-ONLYVERSIONOF YOURWEBSITE

22. Why? Direct access to content (e.g. research results); Faster website load time; A printer-friendly version; Easier access for mobile devices

23. 7.CREATE ASITEMAP

25. FundingContact …

26. Why? Easier access to site-wide content; Better access to specific content; Improves site’s visibility and reach on search engines

27. 8.OFFERMULTIPLELANGUAGES

28. Why? Visitors can enjoy the site in their own language; More languages can offer a wider search engine presence, too

29. 9.PROVIDEAMPLETIME

30. In some instances (e.g. application forms), which may have a timed session, there should be the option to extend the available time.

31. Why? Disabled visitors have enough time to complete the task

32. 10.IMPROVECONTENTREADABILITY

33. Readable content includes clear, simple language appropriate within the context it is used.Hyperlinks should be visible with good contrast of colour.

34. Paragraphs should be short and without long stretches of italics or boldness.The width of paragraphs should be limited and spacing between words and characters kept as clean as possible.

35. Why? A better way of presenting large amount of information; Disabled visitors can consumer content better; Easier to manage website content

36. 11.IMPROVENAVIGATION

37. Good navigation is clearly distinguishable from the rest of the content.Navigation should not be overwhelming (not too many links per page).

38. Pages with lots of information should allow users to navigate to specific sub-sections easily.Graphical navigation should have a text alternative.Navigation should be easy to find (top, bottom or sides).

39. Why? Lets visitors find the research information you have provided for them; Visitors are more likely to stay if they can find the information they want

40. 12.CROSS-BROWSERCOMPATIBLE

41. Internet Explorer and Mozilla Firefox are not the only web browsers.There’s also Opera, Flock, Dillo, Epiphany, Galeon, SeaMonkey, Chrome, Safari and more.

42. Why? Ensuring a website is visible to as many browsers as possible naturally results in a more accessible site

43. 13.CROSS-OPERATINGSYSTEMCOMPATIBLE

44. As with browsers, there are also a number of operating systems; Windows, Windows CE/Mobile, various Unix OS, Apple, iPhone OS…

45. Why? Ensuring a website is visible to as many operating systems as possible naturally results in a more accessible site

46. 14.QUICKWEBSITELOAD TIME

47. Quick website load time is crucial. Visitors require fast access to content.Optimising websites to load faster also ensures mobile devices have better access.

48. Faster load time is achieved through splitting large quantities of content into several pages.Images should be compressed and videos encoded, kept short and split if necessary.

49. Why? More visitors will stay and return; Mobile platforms have better access; Overall user experience is improved

50. 15.SEARCHENGINEACCESSIBLE

51. Accessibility is often concerned with people. However, machines need to have access to a website as well (so that browsers can display the site and search engine bots can crawl and index a web page).

52. Do not unintentionally block your website from search engines (through e.g. the use of a robots.txt file).Do not unintentionally password protect folders which you would like the public to access.

53. Also, for search engines to ‘like’ your website, the content needs to be clear and fresh. The code should be clean. There should be a sitemap.Graphics should have a text alternative. (This is a good start).

54. Why? Search engine visibility results in more reach and more targeted visitors to your research website

55. Useful tools See how your website looks to a colour blinded person: http://www.vischeck.com/vischeck/ See what your website looks in the Lynx text-only browser: http://www.yellowpipe.com/yis/tools/lynx/lynx_viewer.php See how quickly your website loads: http://www.numion.com/StopWatch/

56. Useful tools See how your website looks in different web browsers: http://browsershots.org/ A website accessibility test: http://checkwebsite.erigami.com/accessibility.html Convert any website into text-only: http://www.textise.net/

57. Further reading ESRC has a brief introduction to web accessibility for researchers: http://www.esrcsocietytoday.ac.uk/ESRCInfoCentre/CTK/interactive-media/ingredients/accessibility-intro.aspx W3C has accessibility success criteria with a quick reference sheet here: http://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG20/quickref/ RNIB has web accessibility articles, actual case studies, and other information showing how web accessibility has been implemented on various websites: http://www.rnib.org.uk/professionals/webaccessibility/Pages/web_accessibility.aspx

58. THANK YOU FOR READING Author: Henrik Kahra Showtime Studios LLP Design Agency Please leave any comments and suggestions.

59. More web design and communication tips for academics and researchers, please visit: http://researchers.showtimestudios.co.uk

60. Image & content credits:http://www.w3.orghttp://www.rnib.org.ukhttp://www.esrcsocietytoday.ac.ukhttp://www.tckid.comhttp://www.uea.ac.ukhttp://www.cass.city.ac.uk Content of these slides are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License