Network connecting devices, Backbone networks, Virtual LANs

1. Connecting LANs, BackboneConnecting LANs, Backbone
Networks, and Virtual LANsNetworks, and Virtual LANs

2. 22
OutlineOutline
 Network connecting devicesNetwork connecting devices
 Backbone networksBackbone networks
 Virtual LANsVirtual LANs

3. 33
Network Connecting DevicesNetwork Connecting Devices

4. 44
Layer-1 ConnectingLayer-1 Connecting
DevicesDevices

5. 55
RepeatersRepeaters
 Connected segments become singleConnected segments become single
collision domaincollision domain

6. 66
Repeater FunctionRepeater Function

7. 77
HubsHubs
 Similar to multiport repeatersSimilar to multiport repeaters
 All segments belong to the same collisionAll segments belong to the same collision
domaindomain

8. 88
Layer-2 ConnectingLayer-2 Connecting
DevicesDevices

9. 99
BridgesBridges
 Bridges process information up to theBridges process information up to the
frame-level (layer 2)frame-level (layer 2)

10. 1010
BridgesBridges
 Connecting LANs while separating collisionConnecting LANs while separating collision
domainsdomains
 MAC addresses are used for filteringMAC addresses are used for filtering
 Connected segments form a single network (sameConnected segments form a single network (same
broadcast domain)broadcast domain)

11. 1111
Learning BridgesLearning Bridges
A → D
E → A
B → C

12. 1212
Loop ProblemLoop Problem

13. 1313
Graph RepresentationGraph Representation

14. 1414
Creating Spanning TreeCreating Spanning Tree

15. 1515
Blocking PortsBlocking Ports

16. 1616
SwitchesSwitches
 Similar to multiport bridgesSimilar to multiport bridges
 Also run Spanning-Tree ProtocolAlso run Spanning-Tree Protocol

17. 1717
Layer-3 ConnectingLayer-3 Connecting
DevicesDevices

18. 1818
RoutersRouters
 Capable of connecting networks ofCapable of connecting networks of
different typesdifferent types
 Routers separate networks into differentRouters separate networks into different
broadcast domainsbroadcast domains

19. Figure 20-11
WCB/McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998
Gateway and the OSI Model

20. Figure 20-12
WCB/McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998
A Gateway

21. Backbone NetworksBackbone Networks

22. 2222
Bus BackboneBus Backbone

23. 2323
Star BackboneStar Backbone

24. 2424
Connecting Remote LANsConnecting Remote LANs

25. Virtual LANsVirtual LANs

26. 2626
Regular SwitchRegular Switch
 Three LANs are connected by a regularThree LANs are connected by a regular
switch, forming one LAN (one broadcastswitch, forming one LAN (one broadcast
domain)domain)

27. 2727
Switch with VLAN FeatureSwitch with VLAN Feature
 Different VLANs belong to different broadcast domainsDifferent VLANs belong to different broadcast domains
 They are considered isolated networksThey are considered isolated networks

28. 2828
Multiple VLAN SwitchesMultiple VLAN Switches
Trunk Trunk

29. 2929
Routing Across VLANsRouting Across VLANs
 Router is required to connectRouter is required to connect
different VLANsdifferent VLANs
Trunk Trunk
Trunk