SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 5
Download to read offline
Palo Alto NAT Policy Concept
• Understanding NAT
• PAN-OS Packet Flow Sequence
• Palo Alto NAT Types
• Configuring NAT Policy
Palo Alto NAT Policy Concept
PAN-OS Packet Flow Sequence
Palo Alto NAT Policy Concept
Palo Alto NAT Types
Source NAT
• Dynamic IP and Port (DIPP) (One to many)
• Dynamic IP (Many to Many)
• Static IP (One to One)
Destination NAT
• Static IP (One to One)
• Port Forwarding
• Port Translation
Palo Alto NAT Policy Concept
Configuring NAT Policy
• There can be multiple NAT rules configured on a PAN-OS device.
• NAT rules are evaluated top down like security rules.
• Once a packet matches a NAT rule, any other NAT rules configured are skipped for processing.
• Therefore, more specific NAT rules must be at the top to the rule list.
• the static NAT rules must be above all other NAT rules in the list on the firewall
Understanding Palo Alto NAT Policy Concepts

More Related Content

What's hot

12 palo alto app-id concept
12 palo alto app-id concept12 palo alto app-id concept
12 palo alto app-id conceptMostafa El Lathy
 
2 what is the best firewall (sizing)
2 what is the best firewall (sizing)2 what is the best firewall (sizing)
2 what is the best firewall (sizing)Mostafa El Lathy
 
17 palo alto threat prevention concept
17 palo alto threat prevention concept17 palo alto threat prevention concept
17 palo alto threat prevention conceptMostafa El Lathy
 
14 palo alto quality of service(qos) concept
14 palo alto quality of service(qos) concept14 palo alto quality of service(qos) concept
14 palo alto quality of service(qos) conceptMostafa El Lathy
 
6 pan-os software update & downgrade instruction
6 pan-os software update & downgrade instruction6 pan-os software update & downgrade instruction
6 pan-os software update & downgrade instructionMostafa El Lathy
 
5 initial access to palo alto using cli
5 initial access to palo alto using cli5 initial access to palo alto using cli
5 initial access to palo alto using cliMostafa El Lathy
 
11 palo alto user-id concepts
11 palo alto user-id concepts11 palo alto user-id concepts
11 palo alto user-id conceptsMostafa El Lathy
 
Palo alto outline course | Mostafa El Lathy
Palo alto outline course | Mostafa El LathyPalo alto outline course | Mostafa El Lathy
Palo alto outline course | Mostafa El LathyMostafa El Lathy
 
3 palo alto ngfw architecture overview
3 palo alto ngfw architecture overview3 palo alto ngfw architecture overview
3 palo alto ngfw architecture overviewMostafa El Lathy
 
End to End Security With Palo Alto Networks (Onur Kasap, engineer Palo Alto N...
End to End Security With Palo Alto Networks (Onur Kasap, engineer Palo Alto N...End to End Security With Palo Alto Networks (Onur Kasap, engineer Palo Alto N...
End to End Security With Palo Alto Networks (Onur Kasap, engineer Palo Alto N...BAKOTECH
 
End-to-Eend security with Palo Alto Networks (Onur Kasap, Palo Alto Networks)
End-to-Eend security with Palo Alto Networks (Onur Kasap, Palo Alto Networks)End-to-Eend security with Palo Alto Networks (Onur Kasap, Palo Alto Networks)
End-to-Eend security with Palo Alto Networks (Onur Kasap, Palo Alto Networks)BAKOTECH
 
Palo alto networks next generation firewalls
Palo alto networks next generation firewallsPalo alto networks next generation firewalls
Palo alto networks next generation firewallsCastleforce
 
Palo alto networks product overview
Palo alto networks product overviewPalo alto networks product overview
Palo alto networks product overviewBelsoft
 
Palo alto networks NAT flow logic
Palo alto networks NAT flow logicPalo alto networks NAT flow logic
Palo alto networks NAT flow logicAlberto Rivai
 
Palo Alto U turn NAT for inside user's to access Web Server in a different Zo...
Palo Alto U turn NAT for inside user's to access Web Server in a different Zo...Palo Alto U turn NAT for inside user's to access Web Server in a different Zo...
Palo Alto U turn NAT for inside user's to access Web Server in a different Zo...David kankam
 
15 intro to ssl certificate & pki concept
15 intro to ssl certificate & pki concept15 intro to ssl certificate & pki concept
15 intro to ssl certificate & pki conceptMostafa El Lathy
 

What's hot (20)

12 palo alto app-id concept
12 palo alto app-id concept12 palo alto app-id concept
12 palo alto app-id concept
 
2 what is the best firewall (sizing)
2 what is the best firewall (sizing)2 what is the best firewall (sizing)
2 what is the best firewall (sizing)
 
17 palo alto threat prevention concept
17 palo alto threat prevention concept17 palo alto threat prevention concept
17 palo alto threat prevention concept
 
14 palo alto quality of service(qos) concept
14 palo alto quality of service(qos) concept14 palo alto quality of service(qos) concept
14 palo alto quality of service(qos) concept
 
6 pan-os software update & downgrade instruction
6 pan-os software update & downgrade instruction6 pan-os software update & downgrade instruction
6 pan-os software update & downgrade instruction
 
5 initial access to palo alto using cli
5 initial access to palo alto using cli5 initial access to palo alto using cli
5 initial access to palo alto using cli
 
Palo alto-review
Palo alto-reviewPalo alto-review
Palo alto-review
 
4 palo alto licenses
4 palo alto licenses4 palo alto licenses
4 palo alto licenses
 
11 palo alto user-id concepts
11 palo alto user-id concepts11 palo alto user-id concepts
11 palo alto user-id concepts
 
Palo alto outline course | Mostafa El Lathy
Palo alto outline course | Mostafa El LathyPalo alto outline course | Mostafa El Lathy
Palo alto outline course | Mostafa El Lathy
 
3 palo alto ngfw architecture overview
3 palo alto ngfw architecture overview3 palo alto ngfw architecture overview
3 palo alto ngfw architecture overview
 
End to End Security With Palo Alto Networks (Onur Kasap, engineer Palo Alto N...
End to End Security With Palo Alto Networks (Onur Kasap, engineer Palo Alto N...End to End Security With Palo Alto Networks (Onur Kasap, engineer Palo Alto N...
End to End Security With Palo Alto Networks (Onur Kasap, engineer Palo Alto N...
 
End-to-Eend security with Palo Alto Networks (Onur Kasap, Palo Alto Networks)
End-to-Eend security with Palo Alto Networks (Onur Kasap, Palo Alto Networks)End-to-Eend security with Palo Alto Networks (Onur Kasap, Palo Alto Networks)
End-to-Eend security with Palo Alto Networks (Onur Kasap, Palo Alto Networks)
 
Palo alto networks next generation firewalls
Palo alto networks next generation firewallsPalo alto networks next generation firewalls
Palo alto networks next generation firewalls
 
Presentacion Palo Alto Networks
Presentacion Palo Alto NetworksPresentacion Palo Alto Networks
Presentacion Palo Alto Networks
 
Palo alto networks product overview
Palo alto networks product overviewPalo alto networks product overview
Palo alto networks product overview
 
Palo alto networks NAT flow logic
Palo alto networks NAT flow logicPalo alto networks NAT flow logic
Palo alto networks NAT flow logic
 
Palo Alto U turn NAT for inside user's to access Web Server in a different Zo...
Palo Alto U turn NAT for inside user's to access Web Server in a different Zo...Palo Alto U turn NAT for inside user's to access Web Server in a different Zo...
Palo Alto U turn NAT for inside user's to access Web Server in a different Zo...
 
15 intro to ssl certificate & pki concept
15 intro to ssl certificate & pki concept15 intro to ssl certificate & pki concept
15 intro to ssl certificate & pki concept
 
SD WAN
SD WANSD WAN
SD WAN
 

Similar to Understanding Palo Alto NAT Policy Concepts

How to convert your Linux box into Security Gateway - Part 1
How to convert your Linux box into Security Gateway - Part 1How to convert your Linux box into Security Gateway - Part 1
How to convert your Linux box into Security Gateway - Part 1n|u - The Open Security Community
 
Qnap turbo nas business series presentation 2011
Qnap turbo nas business series presentation 2011Qnap turbo nas business series presentation 2011
Qnap turbo nas business series presentation 2011CarrierDigit
 
PLNOG 18 - Paweł Małachowski - Spy hard czyli regexpem po pakietach
PLNOG 18 - Paweł Małachowski - Spy hard czyli regexpem po pakietachPLNOG 18 - Paweł Małachowski - Spy hard czyli regexpem po pakietach
PLNOG 18 - Paweł Małachowski - Spy hard czyli regexpem po pakietachPROIDEA
 
nftables - the evolution of Linux Firewall
nftables - the evolution of Linux Firewallnftables - the evolution of Linux Firewall
nftables - the evolution of Linux FirewallMarian Marinov
 
4. IPv6 Security - Workshop mit Live Demo - Marco Senn Fortinet
4. IPv6 Security - Workshop mit Live Demo - Marco Senn Fortinet4. IPv6 Security - Workshop mit Live Demo - Marco Senn Fortinet
4. IPv6 Security - Workshop mit Live Demo - Marco Senn FortinetDigicomp Academy AG
 
IPv6 Security - Workshop mit Live Demo
IPv6 Security - Workshop mit Live DemoIPv6 Security - Workshop mit Live Demo
IPv6 Security - Workshop mit Live DemoDigicomp Academy AG
 
Linux firewall
Linux firewallLinux firewall
Linux firewallchanmyaeag
 
Chapter 6 firewall
Chapter 6 firewallChapter 6 firewall
Chapter 6 firewallnewbie2019
 
Understanding i pv6 2
Understanding i pv6 2Understanding i pv6 2
Understanding i pv6 2srmanjuskp
 
IPv4aaS tutorial and hands-on
IPv4aaS tutorial and hands-onIPv4aaS tutorial and hands-on
IPv4aaS tutorial and hands-onAPNIC
 
Spy hard, challenges of 100G deep packet inspection on x86 platform
Spy hard, challenges of 100G deep packet inspection on x86 platformSpy hard, challenges of 100G deep packet inspection on x86 platform
Spy hard, challenges of 100G deep packet inspection on x86 platformRedge Technologies
 
Tutorial: IPv6-only transition with demo
Tutorial: IPv6-only transition with demoTutorial: IPv6-only transition with demo
Tutorial: IPv6-only transition with demoAPNIC
 
66 pfsense tutorial
66 pfsense tutorial66 pfsense tutorial
66 pfsense tutorialequinonesr
 
Internet Week 2018: 1.1.1.0/24 A report from the (anycast) trenches
Internet Week 2018: 1.1.1.0/24 A report from the (anycast) trenchesInternet Week 2018: 1.1.1.0/24 A report from the (anycast) trenches
Internet Week 2018: 1.1.1.0/24 A report from the (anycast) trenchesAPNIC
 

Similar to Understanding Palo Alto NAT Policy Concepts (20)

NAT in ASA Firewall
NAT in ASA FirewallNAT in ASA Firewall
NAT in ASA Firewall
 
How to convert your Linux box into Security Gateway - Part 1
How to convert your Linux box into Security Gateway - Part 1How to convert your Linux box into Security Gateway - Part 1
How to convert your Linux box into Security Gateway - Part 1
 
Qnap turbo nas business series presentation 2011
Qnap turbo nas business series presentation 2011Qnap turbo nas business series presentation 2011
Qnap turbo nas business series presentation 2011
 
Iptables presentation
Iptables presentationIptables presentation
Iptables presentation
 
PLNOG 18 - Paweł Małachowski - Spy hard czyli regexpem po pakietach
PLNOG 18 - Paweł Małachowski - Spy hard czyli regexpem po pakietachPLNOG 18 - Paweł Małachowski - Spy hard czyli regexpem po pakietach
PLNOG 18 - Paweł Małachowski - Spy hard czyli regexpem po pakietach
 
nftables - the evolution of Linux Firewall
nftables - the evolution of Linux Firewallnftables - the evolution of Linux Firewall
nftables - the evolution of Linux Firewall
 
4. IPv6 Security - Workshop mit Live Demo - Marco Senn Fortinet
4. IPv6 Security - Workshop mit Live Demo - Marco Senn Fortinet4. IPv6 Security - Workshop mit Live Demo - Marco Senn Fortinet
4. IPv6 Security - Workshop mit Live Demo - Marco Senn Fortinet
 
IPv6 Security - Workshop mit Live Demo
IPv6 Security - Workshop mit Live DemoIPv6 Security - Workshop mit Live Demo
IPv6 Security - Workshop mit Live Demo
 
Linux firewall
Linux firewallLinux firewall
Linux firewall
 
Chapter 6 firewall
Chapter 6 firewallChapter 6 firewall
Chapter 6 firewall
 
Understanding i pv6 2
Understanding i pv6 2Understanding i pv6 2
Understanding i pv6 2
 
IPv4aaS tutorial and hands-on
IPv4aaS tutorial and hands-onIPv4aaS tutorial and hands-on
IPv4aaS tutorial and hands-on
 
Spy hard, challenges of 100G deep packet inspection on x86 platform
Spy hard, challenges of 100G deep packet inspection on x86 platformSpy hard, challenges of 100G deep packet inspection on x86 platform
Spy hard, challenges of 100G deep packet inspection on x86 platform
 
Wrou01
Wrou01Wrou01
Wrou01
 
IPv6 on the Interop Network
IPv6 on the Interop NetworkIPv6 on the Interop Network
IPv6 on the Interop Network
 
Tutorial: IPv6-only transition with demo
Tutorial: IPv6-only transition with demoTutorial: IPv6-only transition with demo
Tutorial: IPv6-only transition with demo
 
66 pfsense tutorial
66 pfsense tutorial66 pfsense tutorial
66 pfsense tutorial
 
Internet Week 2018: 1.1.1.0/24 A report from the (anycast) trenches
Internet Week 2018: 1.1.1.0/24 A report from the (anycast) trenchesInternet Week 2018: 1.1.1.0/24 A report from the (anycast) trenches
Internet Week 2018: 1.1.1.0/24 A report from the (anycast) trenches
 
66 pf sensetutorial
66 pf sensetutorial66 pf sensetutorial
66 pf sensetutorial
 
66_pfSenseTutorial
66_pfSenseTutorial66_pfSenseTutorial
66_pfSenseTutorial
 

Recently uploaded

Nell’iperspazio con Rocket: il Framework Web di Rust!
Nell’iperspazio con Rocket: il Framework Web di Rust!Nell’iperspazio con Rocket: il Framework Web di Rust!
Nell’iperspazio con Rocket: il Framework Web di Rust!Commit University
 
Artificial intelligence in the post-deep learning era
Artificial intelligence in the post-deep learning eraArtificial intelligence in the post-deep learning era
Artificial intelligence in the post-deep learning eraDeakin University
 
Benefits Of Flutter Compared To Other Frameworks
Benefits Of Flutter Compared To Other FrameworksBenefits Of Flutter Compared To Other Frameworks
Benefits Of Flutter Compared To Other FrameworksSoftradix Technologies
 
"Federated learning: out of reach no matter how close",Oleksandr Lapshyn
"Federated learning: out of reach no matter how close",Oleksandr Lapshyn"Federated learning: out of reach no matter how close",Oleksandr Lapshyn
"Federated learning: out of reach no matter how close",Oleksandr LapshynFwdays
 
Vertex AI Gemini Prompt Engineering Tips
Vertex AI Gemini Prompt Engineering TipsVertex AI Gemini Prompt Engineering Tips
Vertex AI Gemini Prompt Engineering TipsMiki Katsuragi
 
WordPress Websites for Engineers: Elevate Your Brand
WordPress Websites for Engineers: Elevate Your BrandWordPress Websites for Engineers: Elevate Your Brand
WordPress Websites for Engineers: Elevate Your Brandgvaughan
 
APIForce Zurich 5 April Automation LPDG
APIForce Zurich 5 April  Automation LPDGAPIForce Zurich 5 April  Automation LPDG
APIForce Zurich 5 April Automation LPDGMarianaLemus7
 
Beyond Boundaries: Leveraging No-Code Solutions for Industry Innovation
Beyond Boundaries: Leveraging No-Code Solutions for Industry InnovationBeyond Boundaries: Leveraging No-Code Solutions for Industry Innovation
Beyond Boundaries: Leveraging No-Code Solutions for Industry InnovationSafe Software
 
Designing IA for AI - Information Architecture Conference 2024
Designing IA for AI - Information Architecture Conference 2024Designing IA for AI - Information Architecture Conference 2024
Designing IA for AI - Information Architecture Conference 2024Enterprise Knowledge
 
Automating Business Process via MuleSoft Composer | Bangalore MuleSoft Meetup...
Automating Business Process via MuleSoft Composer | Bangalore MuleSoft Meetup...Automating Business Process via MuleSoft Composer | Bangalore MuleSoft Meetup...
Automating Business Process via MuleSoft Composer | Bangalore MuleSoft Meetup...shyamraj55
 
Key Features Of Token Development (1).pptx
Key  Features Of Token  Development (1).pptxKey  Features Of Token  Development (1).pptx
Key Features Of Token Development (1).pptxLBM Solutions
 
Install Stable Diffusion in windows machine
Install Stable Diffusion in windows machineInstall Stable Diffusion in windows machine
Install Stable Diffusion in windows machinePadma Pradeep
 
Tampa BSides - Chef's Tour of Microsoft Security Adoption Framework (SAF)
Tampa BSides - Chef's Tour of Microsoft Security Adoption Framework (SAF)Tampa BSides - Chef's Tour of Microsoft Security Adoption Framework (SAF)
Tampa BSides - Chef's Tour of Microsoft Security Adoption Framework (SAF)Mark Simos
 
Tech-Forward - Achieving Business Readiness For Copilot in Microsoft 365
Tech-Forward - Achieving Business Readiness For Copilot in Microsoft 365Tech-Forward - Achieving Business Readiness For Copilot in Microsoft 365
Tech-Forward - Achieving Business Readiness For Copilot in Microsoft 3652toLead Limited
 
Bun (KitWorks Team Study 노별마루 발표 2024.4.22)
Bun (KitWorks Team Study 노별마루 발표 2024.4.22)Bun (KitWorks Team Study 노별마루 발표 2024.4.22)
Bun (KitWorks Team Study 노별마루 발표 2024.4.22)Wonjun Hwang
 
CloudStudio User manual (basic edition):
CloudStudio User manual (basic edition):CloudStudio User manual (basic edition):
CloudStudio User manual (basic edition):comworks
 
New from BookNet Canada for 2024: BNC BiblioShare - Tech Forum 2024
New from BookNet Canada for 2024: BNC BiblioShare - Tech Forum 2024New from BookNet Canada for 2024: BNC BiblioShare - Tech Forum 2024
New from BookNet Canada for 2024: BNC BiblioShare - Tech Forum 2024BookNet Canada
 
costume and set research powerpoint presentation
costume and set research powerpoint presentationcostume and set research powerpoint presentation
costume and set research powerpoint presentationphoebematthew05
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Nell’iperspazio con Rocket: il Framework Web di Rust!
Nell’iperspazio con Rocket: il Framework Web di Rust!Nell’iperspazio con Rocket: il Framework Web di Rust!
Nell’iperspazio con Rocket: il Framework Web di Rust!
 
Vulnerability_Management_GRC_by Sohang Sengupta.pptx
Vulnerability_Management_GRC_by Sohang Sengupta.pptxVulnerability_Management_GRC_by Sohang Sengupta.pptx
Vulnerability_Management_GRC_by Sohang Sengupta.pptx
 
Artificial intelligence in the post-deep learning era
Artificial intelligence in the post-deep learning eraArtificial intelligence in the post-deep learning era
Artificial intelligence in the post-deep learning era
 
Benefits Of Flutter Compared To Other Frameworks
Benefits Of Flutter Compared To Other FrameworksBenefits Of Flutter Compared To Other Frameworks
Benefits Of Flutter Compared To Other Frameworks
 
"Federated learning: out of reach no matter how close",Oleksandr Lapshyn
"Federated learning: out of reach no matter how close",Oleksandr Lapshyn"Federated learning: out of reach no matter how close",Oleksandr Lapshyn
"Federated learning: out of reach no matter how close",Oleksandr Lapshyn
 
Vertex AI Gemini Prompt Engineering Tips
Vertex AI Gemini Prompt Engineering TipsVertex AI Gemini Prompt Engineering Tips
Vertex AI Gemini Prompt Engineering Tips
 
WordPress Websites for Engineers: Elevate Your Brand
WordPress Websites for Engineers: Elevate Your BrandWordPress Websites for Engineers: Elevate Your Brand
WordPress Websites for Engineers: Elevate Your Brand
 
APIForce Zurich 5 April Automation LPDG
APIForce Zurich 5 April  Automation LPDGAPIForce Zurich 5 April  Automation LPDG
APIForce Zurich 5 April Automation LPDG
 
Beyond Boundaries: Leveraging No-Code Solutions for Industry Innovation
Beyond Boundaries: Leveraging No-Code Solutions for Industry InnovationBeyond Boundaries: Leveraging No-Code Solutions for Industry Innovation
Beyond Boundaries: Leveraging No-Code Solutions for Industry Innovation
 
Designing IA for AI - Information Architecture Conference 2024
Designing IA for AI - Information Architecture Conference 2024Designing IA for AI - Information Architecture Conference 2024
Designing IA for AI - Information Architecture Conference 2024
 
Automating Business Process via MuleSoft Composer | Bangalore MuleSoft Meetup...
Automating Business Process via MuleSoft Composer | Bangalore MuleSoft Meetup...Automating Business Process via MuleSoft Composer | Bangalore MuleSoft Meetup...
Automating Business Process via MuleSoft Composer | Bangalore MuleSoft Meetup...
 
Key Features Of Token Development (1).pptx
Key  Features Of Token  Development (1).pptxKey  Features Of Token  Development (1).pptx
Key Features Of Token Development (1).pptx
 
Install Stable Diffusion in windows machine
Install Stable Diffusion in windows machineInstall Stable Diffusion in windows machine
Install Stable Diffusion in windows machine
 
Hot Sexy call girls in Panjabi Bagh 🔝 9953056974 🔝 Delhi escort Service
Hot Sexy call girls in Panjabi Bagh 🔝 9953056974 🔝 Delhi escort ServiceHot Sexy call girls in Panjabi Bagh 🔝 9953056974 🔝 Delhi escort Service
Hot Sexy call girls in Panjabi Bagh 🔝 9953056974 🔝 Delhi escort Service
 
Tampa BSides - Chef's Tour of Microsoft Security Adoption Framework (SAF)
Tampa BSides - Chef's Tour of Microsoft Security Adoption Framework (SAF)Tampa BSides - Chef's Tour of Microsoft Security Adoption Framework (SAF)
Tampa BSides - Chef's Tour of Microsoft Security Adoption Framework (SAF)
 
Tech-Forward - Achieving Business Readiness For Copilot in Microsoft 365
Tech-Forward - Achieving Business Readiness For Copilot in Microsoft 365Tech-Forward - Achieving Business Readiness For Copilot in Microsoft 365
Tech-Forward - Achieving Business Readiness For Copilot in Microsoft 365
 
Bun (KitWorks Team Study 노별마루 발표 2024.4.22)
Bun (KitWorks Team Study 노별마루 발표 2024.4.22)Bun (KitWorks Team Study 노별마루 발표 2024.4.22)
Bun (KitWorks Team Study 노별마루 발표 2024.4.22)
 
CloudStudio User manual (basic edition):
CloudStudio User manual (basic edition):CloudStudio User manual (basic edition):
CloudStudio User manual (basic edition):
 
New from BookNet Canada for 2024: BNC BiblioShare - Tech Forum 2024
New from BookNet Canada for 2024: BNC BiblioShare - Tech Forum 2024New from BookNet Canada for 2024: BNC BiblioShare - Tech Forum 2024
New from BookNet Canada for 2024: BNC BiblioShare - Tech Forum 2024
 
costume and set research powerpoint presentation
costume and set research powerpoint presentationcostume and set research powerpoint presentation
costume and set research powerpoint presentation
 

Understanding Palo Alto NAT Policy Concepts

  • 1. Palo Alto NAT Policy Concept • Understanding NAT • PAN-OS Packet Flow Sequence • Palo Alto NAT Types • Configuring NAT Policy
  • 2. Palo Alto NAT Policy Concept PAN-OS Packet Flow Sequence
  • 3. Palo Alto NAT Policy Concept Palo Alto NAT Types Source NAT • Dynamic IP and Port (DIPP) (One to many) • Dynamic IP (Many to Many) • Static IP (One to One) Destination NAT • Static IP (One to One) • Port Forwarding • Port Translation
  • 4. Palo Alto NAT Policy Concept Configuring NAT Policy • There can be multiple NAT rules configured on a PAN-OS device. • NAT rules are evaluated top down like security rules. • Once a packet matches a NAT rule, any other NAT rules configured are skipped for processing. • Therefore, more specific NAT rules must be at the top to the rule list. • the static NAT rules must be above all other NAT rules in the list on the firewall