evvronmental

1. Community Health Nursing Department
2021-2022
Community Health Nursing Department
2021-2022
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2. Rules
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3. By the end of this lecture, each student will be able to:
1. Define fundamental terms related to environmental
studies.
2. Enumerate the objectives of environmental studies.
3. Identify the scope of environmental studies.
4. Explain the importance of environmental studies.
5. Determine the environmental hazards.
6. Discuss the current environmental problems.
Objectives
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4. Fundamental terms related to environmental studies.
Objectives of environmental studies.
Scope of environmental studies.
Importance of environmental studies.
Environmental hazards.
Current environmental problems.
Outlines
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5. Introduction
The air we breathe, the water we drink, and the
food we eat, the places we work, and the homes we
live in all aspects of our natural and man-made
environment have an impact on our health. Complex
interactions between human genetics and our physical
surroundings can give rise to a variety of diseases and
health conditions.
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6. Definition of Health
 Is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-
being and not merely the absence of disease or illness.
 Health is only possible where resources are available to
meet human needs and where the living and working
environment is protected from life-threatening and health
threatening pollutants, pathogens and physical hazards.
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7. What is Environment?
 The term environment comes from the French
word (environ) and means every thing that
surround us.
 Environment is the area in which we live.
 The totality of the surrounding conditions for
comfortable living of organism.
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8. the total of our surroundings
:
Environment
All the things around us with which we
interact:
 Living things:
Animals, plants, forests, fungi, etc.
 Non-living things:
Continents, oceans, clouds, soil, rocks.
 Our built environment:
Buildings, human-created living centers.
 Social relationships and institutions.
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9. Definition of Environment
 [All] that which is external to individual human host. [It]
can be divided into physical, biological, social cultural, any
or all of which can influence health status in populations.’
 The sum total of water, air and land, their interrelationship
among themselves and with the human beings, other living
beings and property.
 The aggregate of surrounding things, conditions, or
influences.
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10. Core Concepts related to the environment
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The

11. • Toxic: means poisonous or dangerous.
• Toxicology: is the study of poisons.
• Toxicity: is a measure of how dangerous
a chemical is. Or specific degree of being
toxic or poisonous.
Toxicity
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12. The
Source
of the hazard
(bus exhaust)
The
Environmental
Pathway
(air)
The
Contact
(inhaled fumes)
Exposure is the total amount of a hazard that
comes in direct contact with your body.
The 3 parts of exposure

13. Exposure
Exposure
X
X
X X
X
X X
X = hazard
Dose
Dose
Dose is the amount of a hazard that actually
enters your body.
X
X
X
X
X
X
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14. Dose can depend on…
Duration of
Exposure:
How long?
Frequency of
Exposure:
How often?
Body Size:
How big or
small are you?
M L
S S

15. Individual Susceptibility
Pregnant women
and their
developing babies
Elderly people
whose defense
mechanisms are
less efficient
Infants and
children who
are still
developing
Sick people who
have weakened
immune systems
“At risk of infection by a pathogen”.

16.  Risks and benefits is a comparison between
the risks of a situation and its benefits.
Ex: Risks and Benefits of using pesticides :
Risks
 People & animals
ingest pesticides and
get sick.
 Pesticides get into
air and water.
Benefits
 Better looking
fruit that is more
visually
appealing.
 Bigger crops so
farmers can make
more profit.
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17. • Environmental Justice (EJ) means that
everyone has a right to live in an environment
that doesn’t make them sick, regardless of their
race, culture, or income.
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18. Community action includes a broad range of
activities and is sometimes described as ‘social
action' or ‘community engagement'. These
activities can vary in their objective, the role the
community plays, the types of activities
involved.
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19. Definition of Environmental Health
Food
Air
Water
Sunlight
Noise
Soil
Environmental Health
is the field of science
that studies how the
environment influences
human health and
disease.

20. Environmental hazards
Hazard is anything in the environment that can
hurt you or make you sick.
1. Biological hazard.
2. Chemical hazard.
3. Psychological hazard.
4. Social hazard.
5. Physical hazard.
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21. Biological hazards
living organisms, or their products, that
increase the risk of disease or death in humans.
Source of biological hazards may include
(bacteria , viruses, insects, animal ……..)
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22. Chemical hazards
 Are those that result from mismanagement of
chemicals. The common sources of chemical
exposure that commonly affect health:( Pesticides,
Lead, Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS).)
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23. hazard
Psychological
Are environmental factors that produce
psychological changes expressed as stress,
depression, and anxiety.
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24. Sociological hazards
• Are those that result from living in a
society where one experiences noise, lack
of privacy and overcrowding. Population
growth may be a sociological hazard.
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25. hazards
Physical
“A factor within the environment that can harm the
body”
• Physical hazards include electricity, humidity,
equipment and environmental design and radiation.
• The two most physical hazards involve radiation
from radon gas and ultraviolet light.
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26. Environmental Science
 It deals with the scientific study of
environmental system (air, water, soil and
land), the inherent or induced changes on
organisms and the environmental damages
incurred as a result of human interaction with
the environment.
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27. Definition of Environmental studies
 Environmental studies is the interdisciplinary
field which systematically studies human
interaction with the environment in the interests
of solving complex problems.
 Provide an approach towards understanding
the environment of our planet and the impact
of human life upon the environment.
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28. Objectives of Environmental Studies
1. Creating the awareness about environmental
problems among people.
2. Giving basic knowledge about the
environment and its related problems.
3. Developing an attitude of concern for the
environment.
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29. 4. Motivating public to participate in environment
protection and environment improvement.
5. Acquiring skills to help the concerned individuals
in identifying and solving environmental problems.
6. Develop the ability to evaluate measures for the
improvement and protection of environment.
Objectives of Environmental Studies (cont.,)
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30. Scope of Environmental Studies
1. Conservation and management of natural
resources like forest, water, air, mineral, etc.
2. Control of environmental pollutions like
air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution,
solid waste pollution, noise pollution,
electronic waste pollution.
3. Control of human population.
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31. The importance of environmental studies
 Understand the impacts of development on
environment.
 Utilize natural resources efficiently.
 Learn and create awareness about
environmental problems at local, national
and international levels.
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32. Environmental Problems
Current
Major
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33. ANY QUESTIONS?
THANK YOU
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34. Question Example
 The field that studies how the environment
influences human health and disease is:
a. Environmental studies.
b. Environmental Health.
c. Environmental justice.
d. Environmental Science.
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