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1. ‫طبـيـــــــة‬ ‫مصطلحـــــات‬
Medical Terminology
‫اعذاد‬
:
‫الخصاونه‬ ‫عذنان‬ ‫الذكتور‬

2. Medical Terminology
• Medical Terminology for Health Careers provides the strong medical
language foundation that students need for jobs in the healthcare industry.
• Provides an overview of health care and anatomy and physiology of body
system.
• Emphasizes visual, auditory, and kinesthetic learning modes.
• Teaches word analysis techniques, core medical terms, and the essential
vocabulary of each body system.
• Offers stimulating, comprehensive exercises that require the recall of terms
and word structures as well as analysis and judgment within the context of
medical records.
• Presents anatomy, physiology, pathology, and diagnostic terms within a
framework of infant-to-seniors health care.
2

3. 3
Medical Terminology
Definition: ‫التعريف‬
Is a science that deals ‫يتعايم‬ with the proper
use ‫انصحيح‬ ‫االستخذاو‬ of medical terms.
It is accurately describing the human body
ٌ‫االَسا‬ ‫جسى‬ and associated components ‫يحتىياث‬
conditions,‫ظروف‬ processes ‫عًهياث‬and
procedures in a science-based manner. ‫بأسهىب‬
‫عهًي‬

4. 4
Medical term formation and
Construction
A. Formation : medical terms and words are
usually composed of tow or more
components:
 The root
 The prefix
 The suffix

5. 5
A. The root ‫الجذر‬
The main part of the word
The word root is a term derived from a
source language such as Greek or Latin and
usually describes a body part.
‫وعادة‬ ‫االو‬ ‫انهغت‬ ٍ‫ي‬ ‫يشتق‬ ‫غانبا‬ ‫نهكهًت‬ ‫انرئيسي‬ ‫انجزء‬ ‫هى‬
‫انجسى‬ ٍ‫ي‬ ‫عضى‬ ‫يصف‬
• Example: Cysto )Bladder) ‫انًثاَت‬

6. 6
B. The prefix
• The prefix can be added in front of the
term to modify ‫يعذل‬ the word root by
giving additional ‫اضافيت‬ information about
the location ٌ‫يكا‬ of an organ ‫عضى‬, the
number of parts, or time involved.
• Example: A symptomatic ‫اعراض‬ ٌ‫بذو‬

7. 7
The suffix
• Suffixes are attached to the end of a word
root to add meaning such as condition,
disease process, or procedure.
• Example: Appendicitis ‫الدودية‬ ‫الزائدة‬ ‫التهاب‬

8. 8
B. Construction ‫التركيب‬
The way in which medical terms are constructed
can be illustrated by the following examples:
1. Prefix, Root and suffix (Pericarditis)
2. Tow roots and a suffix (Osteo-myelitis)
3. Prefix and root (Dyspnea) ‫َهجت‬
4. Root and suffix (Cystitis) ‫انًثاَت‬ ‫انتهاب‬
5. Prefix and suffix (Epistaxis) ‫االَف‬ ‫َزيف‬

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The Prefixes
Term: A-An
Meaning: lack of –Absence ‫بدون‬
‫أ‬
‫غياب‬ ‫و‬
Examples:
 Atrophy: lack of growth ‫النمو‬ ‫في‬ ‫ضمور‬
 Asymptomatic: Absence of symptoms ‫بدون‬
‫اعراض‬
 Acyanotic (Absence of cyanosis)‫ازرقاق‬ ‫بدون‬
 Anencephaly:‫رأس‬ ‫بدون‬ Without head
 Anuria: ‫البول‬ ‫كمية‬ ‫قلة‬ Lack of urine
 Anemia ‫الدم‬ ‫فقر‬
: loss of blood
 Analgesia: lack of Pain ‫الم‬ ‫بدون‬
(
‫مخدر‬
)

10. 10
The Prefixes-Cont. (A)
Term: Ab
Meaning: away from-separation ‫بعيد‬
-
‫انفصال‬
Example:
 Abduction: ‫الجسم‬ ‫مركز‬ ‫عن‬ ‫بعيد‬ away from body

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The Prefixes-Cont. (A)
Term: Ad
Meaning: toward-near ‫قريب‬
Example:
 Adduction: ‫الجسم‬ ‫مركز‬ ‫من‬ ‫قريب‬ Near the body

12. 12
The Prefixes-Cont. (A)
Term: Aden-(o)
Meaning: gland ‫غدة‬
Example:
 Adenoma: ‫الغدد‬ ‫ورم‬Enlargement of gland
 Adenocarcinoma: ‫السرطاني‬ ‫الغدد‬ ‫ورم‬Tumors of
gland
 Adenitis ‫الغدد‬ ‫التهابات‬
: Inflammation of gland

13. 13
The Prefixes-Cont. (A)
Term: Ante-
Meaning: before ‫قبل‬
Example:
 Antepartum: ‫الميالد‬ ‫قبل‬ Before Birth
 Antenatal: ‫الوالدة‬ ‫قبل‬ Before delivery

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The Prefixes-Cont. (A)
Term: Anti-
Meaning: against-Contra ‫ضد‬
Example:
 Antiviral: ‫للفيروسات‬ ‫مضاد‬Against virus
 Antimicrobial: Against Microbe ‫للميكروبات‬ ‫مضاد‬
 Anticonvulsive:‫للتشنجات‬ ‫مضاد‬Against Convulsion
 Antibiotic: ‫حيوي‬ ‫مضاد‬ Against bio

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The Prefixes-Cont. (A)
Term: Arteri -(o)
Meaning: artery-arterial ‫شريان‬
Example:
 Arteriosclerosis :‫الشرايين‬ ‫تصلب‬Hardening of
arteries
 Arteritis: ‫الشريان‬ ‫التهاب‬Inflammation of artery

16. 16
The Prefixes-Cont. (A)
Term: Arthr -(o)
Meaning: joint ‫مفصل‬
Example:
 Arthritis :‫المفاصل‬ ‫التهاب‬ Inflammation of joint
 Arthralgia: ‫المفاصل‬ ‫االم‬ Pain at the joint
 Arthrocentesis: Withdrawing fluids from the
Joint ‫المفصل‬ ‫من‬ ‫السوائل‬ ‫سحب‬
 Arthrotomy: An opening in the joint ‫بالمفصل‬ ‫فتحة‬

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The Prefixes-Cont. (A)
Term: Audi- , Audio-
Meaning: pertaining to ear ‫سمعي‬ ‫أو‬ ‫باألذن‬ ‫يتعلق‬
Example:
 Auditory :‫سمع‬ hearing
 Audiology: ‫السمع‬ ‫علم‬

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The Prefixes-Cont. (A)
Term: Auto-
Meaning: self, for oneself ‫بالذات‬ ‫يتعلق‬
Example:
 Autoimmune :‫ذاتي‬ self immunity

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The Prefixes-Cont. (B)
Term: Bi
Meaning: twice ‫مرتين‬
Example:
 bilateral :‫الجانبين‬ ‫كال‬ Both sides

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The Prefixes-Cont. (B)
Term: Brady
Meaning: slow- decrease ‫قلة‬ ‫أو‬ ‫بطء‬
Example:
 Bradycardia : ‫القلب‬ ‫خفقات‬ ‫في‬ ‫بطء‬ slow heart beat
 Bradypnea: ‫التنفس‬ ‫عملية‬ ‫في‬ ‫بطء‬ decrease of
respiratory rate

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The Prefixes-Cont. (B)
Term: bronch- , broncho-
Meaning: bronchus or bronchi ‫شعبة‬ ‫أو‬ ‫قصبة‬
‫هوائية‬
Example:
 Bronchoscope: ‫رئوي‬ ‫منظار‬
 Bronchitis: inflammation of bronchi ‫القصبة‬ ‫التهاب‬
‫الهوائية‬

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The Prefixes-Cont. (C)
Term: Carcin (o)
Meaning: cancer ‫سرطان‬
Example:
 Carcinoma: ‫خبيث‬ ‫سرطان‬Tumor

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The Prefixes-Cont. (C)
Term: Card- ,Cardio-
Meaning: heart ‫قلب‬
Example:
 cardiomegaly: heart enlargement ‫قلب‬ ‫تضخم‬
 cardiology: science of heart study ‫القلب‬ ‫علم‬

24. 24
The Prefixes-Cont. (C)
Term: Cephal (o)-
Meaning: head or brain ‫رأس‬
‫أو‬
‫دماغ‬
Example:
 Cephalomeningitis: Inflammation of the
meninges. “The surrounding membranes the
brain”
‫به‬ ‫المحيطة‬ ‫والسحايا‬ ‫المخ‬ ‫التهاب‬
“
‫بالمخ‬ ‫المحيطة‬ ‫األغشية‬
”

25. 25
The Prefixes-Cont. (C)
Term: Cholecyst (o)-
Meaning: Gall bladder ‫مرارة‬
Example:
 Cholecystolithiasis: stones in the gallbladder
‫المرارة‬ ‫تحصي‬
 Cholecystitis: inflammation of the gall
bladder ‫المرارة‬ ‫التهاب‬
 Cholecystectomy: removal of gall bladder ‫ازالة‬
‫المرارة‬

26. 26
The Prefixes-Cont. (C)
Term: Col (o) , Colon (o)-
Meaning: Colon or Large Intestine ‫قولون‬
Example:
 Colostomy: an opening in the large intestine
‫القولون‬ ‫او‬ ‫الغليظة‬ ‫باألمعاء‬ ‫فتحة‬
 Colonoscopy: scope for the large intestine
‫القولون‬ ‫او‬ ‫الغليظة‬ ‫األمعاء‬ ‫منظار‬
 Colectomy: removal of parts of large intestine
‫القولون‬ ‫او‬ ‫الغليظة‬ ‫األمعاء‬ ‫استئصال‬

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The Prefixes-Cont. (C)
Term: Crani (o)
Meaning: skull ‫جمجمة‬
Example:
 Craniotomy: an opening in the skull
‫بالجمجمة‬ ‫فتحة‬
 Cranioplasty: surgical grafting of the skull
‫الجمجمة‬ ‫لعظام‬ ‫تجميل‬

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The Prefixes-Cont. (C)
Term: Cyan (o)
Meaning: blue ‫ازرقاق‬
Example:
 Cyanosis: bluish discoloration of the skin due
to lack of oxygen)
‫األكسجين‬ ‫وصول‬ ‫نقص‬ ‫نتيجة‬ ‫الجلد‬ ‫ازرقاق‬

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The Prefixes-Cont. (C)
Term: Cyt (o)
Meaning: Cell ‫خلية‬
Example:
 Cytology: science of studying the cell
‫الخلية‬ ‫دراسة‬ ‫علم‬
 Cytotoxic: poisoning of the cell ‫الخاليا‬ ‫سموم‬

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The Prefixes-Cont. (C)
Term: Circum
Meaning: around ‫حول‬
Example:
 Circumoral: around the mouth ‫الفم‬ ‫حول‬

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The Prefixes-Cont. (C)
Term: Chondr (o)
Meaning: cartilage ‫غضروف‬
Example:
 Chondroblast: cartilage forming cell
‫البانية‬ ‫الغضروفية‬ ‫الخلية‬
“
‫غضروفية‬ ‫أرومة‬
“
 Chondrectomy: removal of the cartilage
‫الغضروفية‬ ‫الطبقة‬ ‫ازالة‬

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The Prefixes-Cont. (C)
Term: Cost
Meaning: ribs ‫الصدري‬ ‫القفص‬ ‫عظام‬
“
‫الضلوع‬
”
Example:
 Costal : related to the ribs ‫القفص‬ ‫بعظام‬ ‫تتعلق‬
‫الصدري‬
 Costectomy: resection of rib
‫الصدري‬ ‫القفص‬ ‫عظام‬ ‫احد‬ ‫ازالة‬

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The Prefixes-Cont. (D)
Term: Dent (o) , Denti
Meaning: Teeth ‫أسنان‬
Example:
 Dentology : the science that study teeth
‫االسنان‬ ‫دراسة‬ ‫علم‬
 Dentitis : inflammation of teeth
‫االسنان‬ ‫التهاب‬

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The Prefixes-Cont. (D)
Term: Derm (a) (ato)
Meaning: skin ‫جلد‬
Example:
 Dermatology : the science that study the skin
‫الجلد‬ ‫دراسة‬ ‫علم‬
 Dermatitis : inflammation of the skin
‫الجلد‬ ‫التهاب‬

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The Prefixes-Cont. (D)
Term: Dis-
Meaning: absence, removal, separation
‫فصل‬ ‫أو‬ ‫إزالة‬
Example:
 Tissue Dissection: (to separate tissues for
anatomical study)
‫التشريح‬ ‫لدراسة‬ ‫األنسجة‬ ‫فصل‬

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The Prefixes-Cont. (D)
Term: Dia
Meaning: between ‫بين‬
Example:
 Diaphragm : between the abdominal cavity
and chest cavity
‫الصدر‬ ‫تجويف‬ ‫عن‬ ‫البطن‬ ‫تجويف‬ ‫يفصل‬ ‫الحاجز‬ ‫الحجاب‬

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The Prefixes-Cont. (D)
Term: Dys
Meaning: difficult ‫صعوبة‬
Example:
 Dyspnea : difficult breathing ‫التنفس‬ ‫في‬ ‫صعوبة‬
 Dysphagia: difficult swallowing ‫االبتالع‬ ‫صعوبة‬
 Dyspepsia: difficult digestion ‫الهضم‬ ‫عسر‬