Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space, and it exists in four states: solids, liquids, gases, and plasma, each with distinct properties. The states differ in terms of particle arrangement and energy levels, with solids being tightly packed, liquids flowing, gases spreading out, and plasma consisting of charged particles with high energy. The state of matter can change through the addition or removal of energy, leading to phase changes such as solids turning into liquids or gases.

1. Matter:
It’s what the world is made of.

2. What is matter?
 Matter is anything that has mass and
takes up space.

3. What do you know about matter?
Solids
Liquids
Gases
Plasma

4. Solids
 Solids have definite
shape and definite
volume.
 Solids have mass.
 Solids take up space.
Read more!

5. Particles in Solids:
 Are packed tightly
together
 Have very little energy
 Vibrate in place

6. Liquids
 Liquids take the shape
of their container and
have definite volume.
 Liquids have mass.
 Liquids take up space.
Read more!

7. Particles in Liquids:
 Are loosely packed
 Have medium
energy levels
 Particles flow around
each other

8. Gases
 Gases spread out to
fill the entire space
given and do not
have definite
volume.
 Gases have mass.
 Gases take up
space.
Read more!

9. Particles in Gases:
 Move freely
 Have LOTS of
energy

10. Plasma
 Lightning is a plasma.
 Used in fluorescent light
bulbs and Neon lights.
 Plasma is a lot like a
gas, but the particles
are electrically charged.
Read more!

11. Particles in Plasma:
 Are electrically
charged
 Have EXTREMELY
high energy levels

12. STATES of matter?
What would it take for matter to move
from one state to another?

13. Energy determines the state!

14. Add or Subtract Energy. . .
When energy is added, particles move faster!
When energy is taken away, particles move slower!

15. What will happen? Why?

16. Solid + Energy = ?
 When energy is
added to solids, they
become liquids!
 Examples?

17. Liquid + Energy = ?
 When energy is
added to liquids,
they become gases!
 What examples can
you think of?

18. Changing States
 There are several names for matter changing states:
 State change
 Phase change
 Physical change

19. So, did we get something new?
 Ice cream and melted ice cream?
 Chocolate and melted chocolate?
 Ice, water, and water vapor?
 Steel and molten steel?

20. Review Questions
1. What state of matter has definite
volume and definite shape?
2. Describe the properties of liquids.
3. Describe the differences between
gases and plasma.
4. What is needed for states of matter to
change phase?