basic knowledge of ai

2. Introduction
INTRODUCTION OF A.I.
Artificial intelligence is a branch of computer
science, which is developing machines that can think
and act like humans. For example speech
recognition, problem solving and learning and
planning. It is the intelligence displayed by
machines as opposed to the natural intelligence
displayed by humans and animals. Through this,
there is a plan to create such a computer controlled
robot or a software that can think as the human
mind thinks. Artificial intelligence is constantly being
prepared to make it perfect. In its training, it is
taught experience from machines, is prepared to
keep pace with new inputs and perform human-like
tasks.

3. Introduction
 INTRODUCTION OF A.I.
 Artificial Intelligence is an interdisciplinary concept.
Through which such machines are being made, which
can interact with their environment and work wisely
on the received data. That is, if the AI ​
​
concept gets
stronger in the future, it will be like our friend. If you
have any problem, then you will tell yourself what to
do for it. Basically Artificial Intelligence is the ability
to think and learn about a machine or computer
program. This concept is based on the idea that
machines should be made so capable that they can
think, act and learn about a problem like humans
themselves.

4. The Beginnings of A.I.
1950 was also the year when Artificial intelligence research
started. Research in the field of AI started with the development
of electronic computer and Stored program computer. Even after
this, for many decades, no link was able to make a computer
think or function like a human mind. Later, a discovery that
greatly accelerated the early development of AI was made by
Norbert Wiener. He proved that all the intelligent behavior of
humans are the result of feedback mechanism. Another step in
the direction of modern AI was when Logic Theorist was created.
Designed by Newell and Simon in 1955, it could be considered
the first AI program. After many research, the person who finally
laid the foundation of Artificial intelligence was John McCarthy,
the father of AI. He was an American scientist and cognitive
scientist.

5. In 1956, he organized a conference "The
Dartmouth summer research project on
artificial intelligence" to further develop AI.
In which all those people who were
interested in machine intelligence could
participate. The purpose of this
conference was to attract the talent and
expertise of interested people to help
McCarthy in this task. In later years AI
research centers were formed at Carnegie
Mellon University as well as the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

6. Along with this, AI also faced many challenges. The
first challenge he faced was to build a system that
could solve a problem efficiently with very little
research. The second challenge is building systems
that can learn a task by themselves. The first
breakthrough in the field of artificial intelligence came
when in 1957 a novel program called General
Problem solver was created by Newell and Simon.
This was an extension of Wiener's feedback theory.
Through this, problems of general knowledge could
be solved as much as possible. The LSIP language
was created in 1958 by John McCarthy in AI History.
It was soon adopted by many AI researchers and is
still in use today.

7. A.I. GOALS
 As we know, AI is the most powerful and fast growing technology in the whole world.
AI is a type of Artificial Consciousness that works on giving instructions to humans.
Even though Artificial intelligence has been developed by humans, but there is no
doubt that AI works more efficiently, better and at a lower cost than humans. That is
why AI is being used in many business industry fields. AI has come in our daily life to
some extent, but the day is not far when we will start using this technology fully. So it
is true that AI has a very bright future all over the world. Much of the work and many
areas will depend on AI in the future. Along with this, it is also being speculated that
it can have a very bad effect on the lives of humans. So, now let us tell you some of
the goals of AI, by achieving this AI technology will reach us soon.

8. A.I. GOALS
 Increase decision making power:- The first goal of AI is to create a thinking
machine like humans. Who can solve any human problem with a decision by himself.
AI has also achieved some achievements in this direction. Recently a Female AI Robot
(Sophia) was created. It has decision making power to some extent and it can easily
answer any of your questions. You will also see some similar AI concept in smart
device like Google home, Siri, Alexa etc.
 Efficient work:- We humans are too lazy to do any work, due to which we spend a
lot of time to complete our tasks and there are more mistakes in them. Given this
habit of humans, AI researchers are working very fast in this direction. Their basic
objective is to make AI so that it can do any task quickly with minimum fault.
 Time saving:- Obviously, AI can work much faster than humans. Because it is a type
of machine, so it never gets tired of working and like us never breaks. Looking at this
topic, many such AI machines are being made, which will soon replace humans.

9. TYPES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
 In this era of technology, Artificial intelligence has started to
dominate all industries and many fields. The biggest reason
for this is that machines work more effectively than humans.
So the day is not far when robots will dominate our world like
any Hollywood movies. AI or what we also call machine
learning is divided into two main parts.
 Week AI:- Weak intelligence or Weak AI, also known as
Narrow AI, focuses solely on the functions of the Narrow task.
Weak AI is meant to meet a specific problem as opposed to
a strong AI or genral artificial intelligence. This machine is not
very smart in doing its work. But they are made to look smart.
For example, when you play Computer Mode in Ludo Game,
tokens automatically increase by one side. To do this, all the
rules and moves are already fed into the software.

10.  Strong AI:- Strong intelligence or Strong AI which is used to
describe a certain mindset of AI development. The goal of
this is to develop Artificial intelligence at the point where the
Intellectual Capability of machines is functionally equal to
humans. Strong AI makes machines that can actually think
and act like humans. There are no appropriate examples of
this at present, but some industries have come very close to
building a strong AI.
 Reactive Machines:- These machines are very basic because
it does not store memory and cannot even use its past
experience to do any task in future. Reactive machine reacts
on it just by looking at it. IBM's deep blue who defeated the
chess grand master Kasparov. This is a good example.

11.  Self Awareness:- This is such an artificial intelligence, which
has its own conscious, self awareness and super intelligence.
In simple words, you can also call it a kind of human. But this
kind of bot is not available yet. If this is possible in future, it
will be a big achievement for AI.
 Limited Memory:- These are AI systems that can use past
experience to inform future decisions. Some decision making
functions have been designed in self driving cars.
 Theory of Mind:- This type of AI machines are enabled to
communicate people's emotions, beliefs, thoughts,
expectations and socially. Although a lot of experiments
have been done in this field, but no such thing has come out
so that it can be possible.

12. APPLICATION OF A.I.
 • AI in healthcare:- The largest use of AI is in the
healthcare industry. The biggest challenge here is
how we can treat patients better and that too at the
least cost. That's why companies are now using AI in
hospitals so that patients can be treated better and
quickly. One such famous healthcare technology is
named IBM Watson. Along with this, health assistants
have also come for common diseases, with the help
of which ordinary people can now get treatment for
their diseases. With the use of all these machines, a
huge revolution is coming in the healthcare industry.

13.  AI in business:- Highly repetitive tasks are now being done by
machines with the help of robotic process automation. Machine
learning algorithms are now being integrated with analytics and
CRM platforms to know how companies can help their
customers better. Chatbots are being incorporated into the
websites so that customers can be served as soon as possible.

 AI in education:- Now with the help of AI, automate grading
can be done so that educators can get more time to read
children. With the help of AI, any student can be inspected
well, what is needed, which subjects are weak, etc. so that the
student can be helped properly. Nowadays, with the help of AI
Tutors, students are looking for solutions to everything from
home. Due to this, interest in their reading is also increasing.

14.  AI in finance:- Financial institutions are getting a lot of
benefits with the help of AI. Because companies had to invest
a lot of money and time earlier in data anylasis, but now it does
not happen, now only AI does everything in a very short time.
 AI in law:- Earlier, the processing of these documents was a
very worrying task, but now with the help of AI, now the
processing of these documents is done very easily, this work
runs in a very efficient manner.
 AI in manufacturing:- The use of AI is also very strong in the
manufacturing industry. Earlier, hundreds of people used to do
the work, today, with the help of a machine, the same work is
being done very quickly and better.

15. ADVANTAGE OF
A.I.
 Machines are used for complex and stressful
work, otherwise they will be performed by
Humans.
 The work assigned to Humans can be
completed quickly by machines.
 The use of robotics is useful in household
activities, in addition, it is also useful in outer
space and landscape.
 Work done by Artificial Intelligent Machine is
less dangerous than humans.

16. ADVANTAGE OF
A.I.
 Use of games creates an environment that
you are playing not with a machine but with
humans.
 Error and Defects are less.
 Complex software can be made easily
understandable.
 Resources and time can be minimized. There
is no misuse of resources and time, but the
goal can be achieved in a short time.

17. DISADVANTAGE OF A.I
 The quality of human is ignorant.
 There is the Ability to replace Human Job which
makes Humans vulnerable and increases the fear of
losing their job.
 Human capacities can be replaced by a machine and
hence inferiority complex can come in the workers
and staff.
 The new generation can be corrupted.
 There is no filtering of information.
 This type of technique can misuse Mass Scale
Destruction.

18. ANY QUESTION ???
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